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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川應(yīng)用技術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Withaneighty-hourweekandlittleenjoyment,lifemusthavebeenvery()forthenineteenth-centuryfactoryworkers.

問題1選項

A.hostile

B.anxious

C.tedious

D.obscure

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。hostile敵對的;anxious焦慮的;tedious單調(diào)乏味的,沉悶的;obscure模糊的,隱蔽的。句意:對于19世紀的工廠工人來說,一周工作80個小時,幾乎沒有什么樂趣,生活一定很乏味。選項C更符合句意。

2.單選題

TheRedCrossappealedtophilanthropytosavealifeofaprisoner.

問題1選項

A.public

B.charity

C.justice

D.attorney

【答案】B

【解析】考查同義名詞辨析。A選項public“公眾,社會,公共場所”;B選項charity“慈善,慈善團體”;C選項justice“司法,法律制裁,正義”;D選項attorney“律師,代理人,檢察官”。句意:紅十字會呼吁慈善事業(yè)來拯救一名囚犯的生命。Philanthropy“慈善;慈善事業(yè)”,B選項與該單詞意思最相近,因此B選項正確。

3.填空題

Duringthepasttenorfifteenyearsagreatdealofattentionhasbeen(1)to“tellingitlikeitis,”“or“l(fā)ettingitallhangout.”Myimpressionisthatthisoverzealousdevotiontospeakingone’smindhasmoreoftenledtohurtfeelingsandruinedrelationshipsthantogreatjoyandfulfillment.

Ithinkwegenerallyagreethatneverexpressingrealfeelingsandrepressingallless-than-lovelythoughtsabouteachother

(2)

leadstoconstructivecommunication.It’sagreatrelieftoallowourselvestheluxuryofacknowledgingourhumanfrailtiesandpursuingmorehonestrelationshipswithothers.Butweneedtostrikea

(3)

betweentellingitallandtellingnothing.

RecentlyIreceivedaletterfromamotherwhohadbeenpersuadedbyhertroubledtwenty-five-year-oldsontoattendaweekendmarathonwithhim.Underpressurefromthegroup,herdefensescollapsedandsheheardherselftellinghersonforthefirsttimethathehadbeenanaccident—thatshehadn’tbeenplanningtohaveachild.Hein

(4)

toldherthathecouldn’trecallasingledayinhischildhoodthathe’dbeenhappy.

“Atthattime,”thiswomanwrote,“itseemedhelpful.Wecriedandwemade

(5)

;Ithoughttellingthetruthhadbeengoodforus.Butthetroubleis,itwasn’tthewholetruth.BythetimeTommywasbornIdidwanthim,andat

(6)

hewashappy.Eversincethatday,we’vebothbeenhauntedbysometerriblefeelingsweshared.”ImustadmitthatI’vecometotheconclusionthatsomethingsarebetterleftunsaid.Honestyisafinepolicyas

(7)

asweknowwhatthetruthreallyis—butmostofthetimewedon’t.It’safinegoaltoencouragechildrentoexpresstheirrealfeelings.Andmanymarriageshavebeensavedbyanopenconfrontationofdeepandpainfulmisunderstandings.Butweneedanewsenseofbalance.Disclosureisnotapanaceaforeveryproblem

(8)

evenanendinitself.It’susefulandfreeingundersomecircumstancesandterriblyhurtfulanddamagingunderothers.

It’sagoodidea,Ithink,to

(9)

yourtonguefortenorfifteenminutesbeforesayingwhat’s

(10)

yourmind.Trytodecidewhetherit’sgoingtoopenupnewandbetteravenuesofcommunicationorleavewoundsthatmayneverheal.

【答案】1.考查固定搭配。attention一般與give相搭配,此處表示被動,用被動語態(tài)given。

試題答案:given

2.考查上下文語義。此處表示從不表達真實的感情很取得有效的溝通,故用否定形式hardly,意為“幾乎不”。

試題答案:hardly

3.考查上下文語義。此句意為:但我們需要在說出這一切和什么都不說之間取得平衡。strikeabalance意為“達成平衡,調(diào)和折衷”。

試題答案:balance

4.考查介詞搭配。inturn意為“反過來”。

試題答案:turn

5.考查固定搭配。makeup意為“和解,和好”。

試題答案:up

6.考查固定搭配。attimes意為“有時”。

試題答案:times

7.考查固定搭配。aslongas意為“只要”。

試題答案:long

8.考查固定搭配。nor意為“也不”,not...nor意為“不……也不”,表示否定兩者。

試題答案:nor

9.考查固定搭配。biteone’stongue意為“忍住不說話”。

試題答案:bite

10.考查固定搭配。onone’smind意為“使人擔(dān)心,惦記”。

試題答案:on

4.單選題

Forthemostpart,blacksportsmenacceptthattheyhaveadvantages,inanunspecifiedway,overtheirwhite(

).

問題1選項

A.supervisors

B.subordinate

C.counterparts

D.correspondents

【答案】C

【解析】考察名詞辨析。supervisors監(jiān)督人,檢查人;subordinates下屬;counterparts相似的人或物,對方;correspondents通信員。句意:大多數(shù)情況下,黑人運動員承認他們以某種不明確的方式優(yōu)越于白人運動員。選項C符合句意。

5.單選題

Timeforanotherglobal-competitivenessalert.IntheThirdInternationalMathematicsandSciencestudy-whichlastyeartestedahalf-millionstudentsin41countries—Americaneighthgraders(1)belowtheworldaverageinmath.Andthat'snoteven

(2)

part.Considerthisasyoutryto

(3)

whichcountrieswilldominatethetechnologymarketsofthe21stcentury:top10percentofAmerica'smathstudentsscoredaboutthesameastheaveragekidintheglobal

(4)

,Singapore.

Itisn'texactlyanewsflashthesedays

(5)

Americansscorebehindthecurveoninternationaltests.Buteducatorssaythisstudy

(6)

becauseitmonitoredVariablesbothinsideandoutsidetheclassroom.Laziness—thefactoroften

(7)forAmericanspoorperformance—isnottheculprithere.Americanstudents

(8)

spendmoretimeinclassthanpupilsinJapanandGermany.

(9)

,theygetmorehomeworkandwatchthesameamountofTV.Theproblem,educatorssayisnotthekidsbutthecurriculumthatistoo

(10)

.ThestudyfoundthatlessonsforU.S.eighthgraderscontainedtopicsmasteredbyseventhgradersinothercountries.

TeachersactuallyagreetheAmericansneedto

(11)

theirkidstomoresophisticatedmathearlier.Unfortunately,expertssay,theteachersdon'trecognizethat

(12)

theseconceptsaretaughtisasimportantastheconceptsthemselves.Mosteducatorsrely

(13)

ontextbooksandrotelearning.Whilemanytextbookscover

(14)

ideas,mostdososuperficially,

(15)

studentswiththe,techniquesbutnotthemastery,ofthebroaderprinciples.

問題1選項

A.recorded

B.scored

C.gained

D.climbed

問題2選項

A.theleast

B.theless

C.theworst

D.theworse

問題3選項

A.carryout

B.figureout

C.countup

D.showup

問題4選項

A.village

B.leader

C.friend

D.country

問題5選項

A.what

B.where

C.when

D.which

問題6選項

A.ineffective

B.comparable

C.important

D.delighted

問題7選項

A.ignored

B.viewed

C.exaggerated

D.blamed

問題8選項

A.vastly

B.accurately

C.actually

D.merely

問題9選項

A.Asisknown

B.Tobeginwith

C.Notonlythat

D.Evenso

問題10選項

A.small

B.short

C.easy

D.poor

問題11選項

A.relate

B.expose

C.lead

D.instruct

問題12選項

A.where

B.why

C.how

D.whether

問題13選項

A.hard

B.exclusively

C.intentionally

D.consequently

問題14選項

A.advanced

B.colorful

C.controversial

D.ambitious

問題15選項

A.carrying

B.expecting

C.leaving

D.shaping

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:C

第7題:D

第8題:C

第9題:C

第10題:C

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:B

第14題:A

第15題:C

【解析】(1)考查動詞辨析。record意為“記錄,記載”;score意為“得分”;gain意為“獲得”;climb意為“攀登”。由testedahalf-millionstudentsin41countries—Americaneighthgraders26belowtheworldaverageinmath.(在41個國家測試了50萬學(xué)生,美國八年級學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)……低于全球平均水平)可知B選項最為恰當(dāng)。

(2)考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)前句可知美國學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)成績很差以及空格后面的top10percentofAmerica'smathstudentsscoredaboutthesameastheaveragekidintheglobal(前10%的美國數(shù)學(xué)系學(xué)生的得分與全球平均水平相當(dāng)),可知theworst(最差的,最糟糕的)符合邏輯,此處表示“這一點還不是最糟糕的”。

(3)考查詞組辨析。carryout意為“實施,執(zhí)”;figureout意為“理解,弄清”;countup意為“計算總數(shù)”;showup意為“出現(xiàn),揭露”。此處表示“弄清楚哪個國家在21世紀的技術(shù)市場占主導(dǎo)地位”,因此選B。

(4)考查邏輯關(guān)系。Singapore是theglobal____的同位語,由前面的whichcountrieswilldominatethetechnologymarketsofthe21stcentury(哪個國家在21世紀的技術(shù)市場占主導(dǎo)地位)可知leader(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,領(lǐng)袖)符合邏輯,指新加坡在數(shù)學(xué)上屬于全球領(lǐng)先地位。

(5)考查定語從從句。空格處前后為兩個完整的句子,用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句,先行詞為表示時間的theredays,因此用when引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作時間狀語。

(6)考查形容詞辨析。ineffective意為“無效果的”;comparable意為“可比較的”;important意為“重要的”;delighted意為“高興的,愉快的”。此處表示“這項調(diào)查很重要”,因此選C。

(7)考查動詞辨析。空格處為過問分詞作定語修飾thefactor。ignore意為“忽視”;view意為“觀看,查看”;exaggerate意為“夸張,夸大”;blame意為“把……歸咎于,責(zé)怪”。此處表示“對美國學(xué)生表現(xiàn)不佳的原因進行指責(zé)”,因此選D。

(8)考查副詞辨析。vastly意為“極大地”;accurately意為“正確無誤地,準確地”;actually意為“實際上”;merely意為“僅僅,只不過”。由前面的Lazinessisnottheculprithere.(懶惰不是罪魁禍首),可知美國小學(xué)生實際上念書的時間比日本和德國都要長更符合語境,因此選C。

(9)考查邏輯關(guān)系。asisknown意為“眾所周知”;tobeginwith意為“首先,起初;notonlythat意為“不僅如此”;evenso意為“雖然如此,即使如此”。由前面可知美國學(xué)生在課堂花的時間比德國和日本小孩要多,以及空格后的theygetmorehomework(他們有更多的家庭作業(yè))可知此處表示遞減關(guān)系,因此選C。

(10)考查邏輯關(guān)系。由后面句子ThestudyfoundthatlessonsforU.S.eighthgraderscontainedtopicsmasteredbyseventhgradersinothercountries.(這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn),美國八年級學(xué)生的課程中包含了其他國家七年級學(xué)生掌握的課程)以及前句“教育工作者說,問題不在于孩子,而在于課程太……了”,可知easy(容易的)符合邏輯。

(11)考查動詞辨析。relate意為“(把……)聯(lián)系起來”;expose意為“暴露,顯露,使面臨”;lead意為“代領(lǐng),領(lǐng)路”,leadto意為“導(dǎo)致”;instruct意為“指示,命令”。此處表示“教事實上,老師們也同意美國人需要更早地給他們的孩子接觸更高的數(shù)學(xué)水平”,因此選B。

(12)考查名詞性從句。此處表示“專家認為這種理念和如何教這些概念一樣重要”,因此用how引導(dǎo)主語從句。

(13)考查副詞辨析。空格處為副詞修飾動詞relyon。hard意為“努力地,費力地”;exclusively意為“排他地,獨占地,完全地”;intentionally意為“有意地,故意地”;consequently意為“因此,所以”。此處表示“很多專家只信賴教科書和死記硬背”,因此選B。

(14)考查形容詞辨析。advanced意為“先進的,高級的”;colorful意為“鮮艷的”;controversial意為“有爭議的,引起爭議的”;ambitious意為“有雄心的,有野心的”。由句中的while可知前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,與superficially(淺薄地,膚淺地)相對的是advanced,因此選A。

(15)考查動詞辨析。空格處為現(xiàn)在分詞擔(dān)當(dāng)伴隨狀語。carry意為“運送,攜帶”;expect意為“期望”;leave意為“離開,丟棄”;shape意為“塑造”。此處表示“給學(xué)生留下的只是技巧而不是掌握更高深的理論”,因此選C。

6.單選題

ThemoistairofthePacificOceanbringsa()climatetothewestcoastoftheUnitedStates.

問題1選項

A.chilly

B.temperate

C.modest

D.compromising

【答案】B

【解析】句意:太平洋潮濕的空氣給美國西海岸帶來了溫和的氣候。氣候溫和用temperateclimate,所以選項B正確。

7.問答題

ByaboutA.D.500theMoundBuilderculturewasdeclining,perhapsbecauseofattacksfromothertribesorperhapsbecauseofsevereclimaticchangesthatunderminedagriculture.Tothewest,anotherculture,basedonintensiveagriculture,wasbeginningtoflourish.ItscenterwasbeneathpresentdaySt.Louis,anditradiatedouttoenclosemostoftheMississippiwatershed,fromWisconsintoLouisianaandOklahomatoTennessee.Thousandsofvillageswereincludedinitsorbit.ByaboutA.D.700thisMississippianculture,asitisknowntoarchaeologists,begantosenditsinfluenceeastwardtotransformthelifeofmostofthelesstechnologicallyadvancedwoodlandtribes.LiketheMoundBuildersoftheOhioregion,thesetribes,probablyinfluencedbyMeso-Americanculturesthroughtradeandcommerce,builtgiganticmoundsasburialandceremonialplaces.Thelargestofthem,risinginfourterracestoaheightofonehundredfeet,hasarectangularbaseofnearlyfifteenacres,largerthanthatoftheGreatPyramidofEgypt.BuiltbetweenA.D.900and1,100,thishugeearthworkfacesthesiteofacliffyIndiancitywhichcontainedmorethanonehundredsmallartificialmoundsmarkingburialsites.Spreadamongthemwasavastsettlementcontainingsome30,000peoplebycurrentestimations.ThefinelycraftedornamentsandtoolsrecoveredatCahokis,asthiscenterofMississippicultureiscalled,includeelaborateceramicsfinelysculptedstonework,carefullyembossedandengravedcopperandmicasheets,andonefuneralblanketfashionedfrom12,000shellbeads.TheyindicatethatCahokiawasatrueurbancenter,withclusteredhousing,markets,andspecialistsintool-making,hide-dressing,potting,jewelry-making,weaving,andsalt-making.

1.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?

2.InrelationtotheMississippianculture,theMoundBuilderculturewaslocated(

).

3.Fromthispassage,wecaninferthatMeso-Americancultureshadatraditionof(

).

【答案】1.主旨大意題。文章以MoundBuilderculture開頭,進而引出對MississippiCulture的介紹。

試題答案:

ThepassagemainlyintroducesthedevelopmentandachievementofMississippiCulture.

2.推理怕斷題。由文章開頭中的“ByaboutA.D.500theMoundBuilderculturewasdeclining...Tothewest,anotherculture”可知MoundBuilderculture位于東方。

試題答案:

intheeast

3.細節(jié)事實題。由文章中的“probablyinfluencedbyMeso-Americanculturesthroughtradeandcommerce”可推測Meso-Americancultures有商業(yè)貿(mào)易的傳統(tǒng)。

試題答案:

tradeandcommerce

8.單選題

Someresearchersfeelthatcertainpeoplehavenervoussystemsparticularly(

)tohot,drywinds.Theyarewhatwecallweathersensitivepeople.

問題1選項

A.subjective

B.subordinate

C.liable

D.vulnerable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。subjective主觀的,個人的;subordinate從屬的,次要的;liable有…傾向的,易…的;vulnerable易受…影響的。句意:一些研究人員意識到某些人的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)特別易受干燥的熱風(fēng)的影響,我們稱這些人為天氣敏感癥患者。由weathersensitivepeople可知空格處所填單詞應(yīng)與sensitive意思一致,具有“易受……影響的”意思,故答案D

9.單選題

Thefoodweeatseemstohaveprofoundeffectsonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingmanyfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,thesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhaps80%ofallhumanillnessisrelatedtodietand40%ofcancerisrelatedtothedietaswell,especiallycancerofthecolon.

Differentculturesaremorepronetocontractcertainillnessbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthesecultures.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,governmentresearchesrealizedthatnitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood,anditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsonthepackaginglakesofprocessedfoodarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillintobeefandpoultry,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkoftreatedcows.Sometimes,similardrugsareadministeredtoanimalsnotformedicinalpurposesbutforfinancialreasons.Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertoobtainahigherpriceonthemarket.ThoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FAD)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.

1.Howhassciencedoneadisservicetomankind?

2.Whatarenitratesusedfor?

3.WhatdoesFDAmean?

4.Theword“carcinogenic”meansmostnearlythesameas().

5.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisnottrue?

問題1選項

A.Becauseofscience,diseasecausedbycontaminatedfoodhasbeenvirtuallyeradicated.

B.Ithascausedalackofinformationconcerningthevalueoffood.

C.Asaresultofscientificintervention,somepotentiallyharmfulsubstanceshavebeenaddedtoourfood.

D.Thescientistshavepreservedthecolorofmeats,butnotofvegetables.

問題2選項

A.Theypreserveflavorinpackagedfoods.

B.Theypreservethecolorofmeats.

C.Theyaretheobjectsofresearch.

D.Theycausetheanimalstobecomefatter.

問題3選項

A.FoodDirectAdditives.

B.FinalDifficultAnalysis.

C.FoodandDrugAdministration.

D.FederalDiaryAdditives.

問題4選項

A.trouble-making

B.color-retaining

C.money-making

D.cancer-causing

問題5選項

A.Drugsarealwaysgiventoanimalsformedicalreason.

B.Someoftheadditivesinourfoodareaddedtothefooditselfandsomearegiventothelivinganimals.

C.Researchershaveknownaboutthepotentialhazardsoffoodadditivesforover35years.

D.Foodmaycause40%ofcancerintheworld.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第一段Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingmanyfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,thesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.(雖然科學(xué)已取得巨大進展,使許多食物更適合食用,但與此同時,它也使許多食物不宜食用。)也就是說很多添加劑式的食物容易導(dǎo)致一些疾病,因此C選項“由于科學(xué)的干預(yù),一些潛在的有害物質(zhì)被添加到我們的食物中。”正確。A選項“由于科學(xué)的發(fā)展,由受污染的食物引起的疾病實際上已經(jīng)被根除了。”和題干提問并不符合;B選項“它導(dǎo)致了關(guān)于食物價值的信息的缺乏。”這個不是原文的觀點;D選項“科學(xué)家們保存了肉的顏色,卻沒有保存蔬菜的顏色。”與題干不符。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第二段In1945,governmentresearchesrealizedthatnitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats(1945年,政府部門的研究人員認識到,用于肉類顏色保鮮的硝酸鹽、亞硝酸鹽和其他食品添加劑能致癌)因此B選項“它們能保持肉的顏色”正確。A選項“它們能保存包裝食品的風(fēng)味。”不是保存風(fēng)味;C選項“它們是研究的對象”,與原文不符;D選項“它們使動物變得更胖”與原文不符。

3.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一句話ThoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FAD)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.(盡管食品和藥物管理局(FAD)多次試圖控制這些程序,但這種做法仍在繼續(xù)。)因此C選項“食品和藥物管理局”正確。A選項“食物直接添加劑”;B選項“最終困難分析”;D選項“聯(lián)邦乳品添加劑”都不正確。

4.語義推測題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood(用于肉類顏色保鮮的硝酸鹽、亞硝酸鹽和其他食品添加劑能致癌。然而,這些致癌添加劑仍然存在于我們的食品中。)因此可以得出這些物質(zhì)都是致癌的,因此D選項“致癌的”正確。A選項“制造麻煩的”;B選項“護色的”;C選項“賺錢的”都不正確。

5.事實細節(jié)題。A選項“由于醫(yī)學(xué)原因,藥物總是給動物服用”在原文的最后一段Sometimes,similardrugsareadministeredtoanimalsnotformedicinalpurposesbutforfinancialreasons.(有時讓動物服用這類藥物并不是為了治病,而是為了經(jīng)濟上的原因。)因此A選項不正確。B選項“我們食物中的一些添加劑是添加到食物本身,還有一些是給活的動物吃的。”在最后一段Farmersoftengivepenicillintobeefandpoultry(農(nóng)民經(jīng)常給牛肉和家禽注射青霉素);C選項“研究人員已經(jīng)知道食品添加劑的潛在危害超過35年了。”在最后一段In1945,governmentresearchesrealizedthatnitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.(1945年,政府部門的研究人員認識到,用于肉類保鮮的硝酸鹽、亞硝酸鹽和其他食品添加劑能致癌。);D選項“食物可能會導(dǎo)致世界上40%的癌癥”定位到第一段Someresearchhasshownthatperhaps80%ofallhumanillnessisrelatedtodietand40%ofcancerisrelatedtothedietaswell,especiallycancerofthecolon.(一些研究表明,大約80%的人類疾病與飲食有關(guān),40%的癌癥也與飲食有關(guān),尤其是結(jié)腸癌。)

10.單選題

InthewakeoftheSept.11attacks,manyAmericansfeelwemaybegintoseetheerosionofsomeofourcivilliberties.Thereisconcernwemaybesubjecttopersonalsearchesandincreasedmonitoringofouractivities,allinthenameofsafetyandsecurity.Onthecomputingfront,Iwouldarguethatwealreadyhavehadtosurrendermanyofourlibertiestoprotectourselvesfromcomputervirusesandothersecuritybreaches.

Asmuchasvendorsandnetworkadministratorstrytomakescanningforvirusesanunobtrusiveprocessfortheenduser,westillareinconveniencedbytheroutinesmandatedbytheguardiansofourcorporatecomputingsecurity.However,inconveniencetakesabackseattotheoutrightneedforsecurity.Virusesaremorethaninconvenient;theycauserealdamage.ComputerEconomicsestimatesthecostofvirusattacksoninformationsystemsaroundtheworld,includingcleanupcostsandlostproductivity,hasalreadyreached$10.7billionsofarthisyear.Comparethatfigurewith$17.1billionforallof2000and$12.1billionfor1999.

Iknowyou’rethinking:“I’monlyoneperson.HowcanIspendthenecessarytimetosafeguardmycompanyagainstvirusesandsecurityholesandstilldomyregularjob?”

Realistically,youcan’t.Butthereareresourcestohelpyou.

MicrosofthasjustannouncedanewinitiativecalledtheStrategicTechnologyProtectionProgram.AmongtheservicesbeingofferedaretreetechnicalsupportrelatedtovirusesandasecuritytoolkitthatincludespatchesandservicepacksthataddresssecurityvulnerabilitiesinWindowsNTand2000.

TheFBIandSANSInstitutehavejustreleasedtheirtop20listofthemostcriticalInternetsecurityvulnerabilities.ThemajorityofsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystemsviatheInternetcanbetracedtoexploitationofsecurityflawsonthislist.Studythelistat.

TheCenterforInternetSecurityprovidesmethodsandtoolstoimprovemonitorandcomparethesecuritystatusofyourInternet-connectedsystems.Findouthowtobenchmarkyourorganization’sstatusat.

SoftwarevendorssuchasNetworkAssociates,SymantecandComputerAssociateshaveveryinformativevirusresourcecenters.TheSymantecAntiVirusResearchCenter(www.S/avcenter)hasanonlinenewsletterandin-depthinformationaboutviruses.Likewise,theCAVirusInformationCenterofferstipsonmanagingvirusincidentsandprotectingmessagingsystems.

Justlikeournationaldefense,thebestprotectionagainstadebilitatingvirusattackisknowledgeofthevulnerabilitiesandthemeanstoplugthesecurityholes.Beproactiveandvigilant,andmakeuseofthenumerousresourcesatyourdisposal.

1.Thewriterseemstofeelthat().

2.Thetwofigures"$17.1billion”and“$12.1billion”arementionedforthereadersto().

3.Toobtaindetailedinformationaboutviruses,wecanresortto().

4.Bysimplycheckingthetop20list,wemay().

5.Apropertitleforthispassagemightbe().

問題1選項

A.theconcernabouttheerosionoflibertiesisunnecessary

B.theroutinescanningofvirusescausesmuchinconveniencetoendusers

C.theneedforcomputingsecuritymakesinconveniencetolerable

D.libertycanbeguaranteedonlyifsecurityisachievedfirst

問題2選項

A.makesenseofthedamagesthathavebeendonesofarthisyear

B.seethedecreaseofthecostofvirusattacks

C.calculatethecostofvirusattacksfortheyear2001

D.paymoreattentiontoanti-virusresources

問題3選項

A.theStrategicTechnologyProtectionProgram

B.

C.

D.www.S

問題4選項

A.obtainapictureofmajorsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystems

B.identifyapossiblesecurityholeinourcomputersystems

C.improvethesecuritystatusofourcomputersystems

D.protectourcomputersystemsfromvirusattacks

問題5選項

A.TheAftermathofSept.11

B.LibertyvsSecurity

C.StrategiesforBattlingVirus

D.VirusAttack—AnotherFormofSept11

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:文章第一段最后一句onthecomputingfront,Iwouldarguethatwealreadyhavehadtosurrendermanyofourlibertiestoprotectourselvesfromcomputervirusesandothersecuritybreaches,提到我們需要犧牲一些自由來免受電腦病毒和其他風(fēng)險的威脅。選項D“有了安全才能有自由”符合題意。

第2題:文章第二段提到病毒不僅僅讓人們不方便,更嚴重的是導(dǎo)致了真正的損失。然后列舉了有關(guān)清理病毒的費用,是為了強調(diào)病毒的破壞性。選項A符合題意。

第3題:文章倒數(shù)第二段第二句話TheSymantecAntiVirusResearchCenter(www.Symantec,com/avcenter)hasanonlinenewsletterandin-depthinformationaboutviruses提到了了解關(guān)于病毒的信息可以到網(wǎng)站上去找,選項D符合題意。

第4題:文章第六段第二句ThemajorityofsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystemsviatheInternetcanbetracedtoexploitationofsecurityflawsonthislist提到之所以這些系統(tǒng)會被病毒侵蝕是因為安全系統(tǒng)中存在漏洞,所以列出的名單中的網(wǎng)址都可能存在一些漏洞。選項B符合題意。

第5題:文章主要是在講述如何戰(zhàn)勝電腦病毒,所以選項C符合題意。

11.單選題

Heavyrainswerecausinginundationandmuchdamagethroughoutthecountry.

問題1選項

A.muchinconvenience

B.seriousconcern

C.overflowofwater

D.humanmisery

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。inundation“洪水”;A選項muchinconvenience“很多不便”;B選項seriousconcern“高度關(guān)注”;C選項overflowofwater“水的泛濫”;D選項humanmisery“人類的苦難”。句意:暴雨在整個國家造成洪水和很多損毀。由題干中的“Heavyrains暴雨”可推知inundation在這里有“洪水”的意思,因此C選項正確。

12.單選題

TheIndiansseelittle(

)forsuccessandbecomefrustrated,becausetheyusuallygotoinferiorschoolandoftencannotadjusttolifeinthecity.

問題1選項

A.instinct

B.proposition

C.priority

D.prospect

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項“直覺”;B選項“命題,主題”;C選項“優(yōu)先權(quán)”;D選項“前途,預(yù)期”。句意:印第安人似乎只有一點點對成功()而且變得沮喪,因為他們通常去教學(xué)質(zhì)量不好的學(xué)校而且不能適應(yīng)城市生活。從關(guān)鍵詞gotoinferiorschoolandoftencannotadjusttolifeinthecity可知,印第安人成功希望不是很大,所以答案選D。

13.單選題

WhenJackwas28,he()thesmallbookshopandinfiveyearsdevelopeditintosixchainstores.

問題1選項

A.tookafter

B.tookin

C.tookon

D.tookover

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞短語。A選項tookafter“相像,效仿”;B選項tookin“吸收,領(lǐng)會,欺騙”;C選項tookon“承擔(dān),呈現(xiàn),具有”;D選項tookover“接管,借用”。句意:當(dāng)杰克28歲時,他接管了這個小書店,在五年內(nèi)發(fā)展成了六個連鎖店。根據(jù)空格后提到的thesmallbookshop,與之可以相對應(yīng)搭配的短語只有D選項tookover,意為接管了商店。因此D選項符合題意。

14.單選題

SinceTomwas(

)fromtheburdenthathadbeenimposedonhim,hebeganto

concentratemoreonhisowninterest.

問題1選項

A.exiled

B.exempted

C.expected

D.executed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。exile“放逐,流放”;exempt“免除,豁免”;beexemptedfrom“被免除…”;expect“期望”;execute“實行”。句意:自從曾經(jīng)加在他身上的擔(dān)子被移除后,Tom開始更專注于自己的興趣。由后半句“Tom開始專注于自己的興趣”可知B項正確,答案B

15.單選題

Ticketsforthefirstthreerowsarenotavailabletothoseofordinarysocialstanding;theyare(

forcelebrities.

問題1選項

A.retained

B.occupied

C.preserved

D.reserved

【答案】D

【解析】retained保留,保存;occupied占用;preserved保藏;reserved預(yù)訂,保留。句意:社會地位一般的人買不到前三排的票;它們是為名人保留的。選項D符合語境。

16.單選題

W.SomersetMaughamafterwardswalkedthewardsofSt.Thomas’sHospital()practicinginmedicine.

問題1選項

A.withaviewto

B.withregardsto

C.withtheaimat

D.withtheobjectfor

【答案】A

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項withaviewto“著眼于,考慮到,意在,以……為目的”,表示會盡力去完成自己所追求的這件事;B選項withregardsto“關(guān)于,至于”;C選項withtheaimat“為了……”,aim常指短期內(nèi)的目標,往往比較具體、實際、明確,不是理想性的,努力程度一般;D選項withtheobjectfor“目的是”,object常指比較明確具體的單個目標,往往出于直接的需要和愿望,沒有明確表明是否會盡力。句意:后來,W.薩默塞特?毛姆走進圣托馬斯醫(yī)院的病房,()行醫(yī)。而毛姆是想要迫切做好這件事的,因此A選項符合題意。

17.單選題

GREYINGPOPULATIONSTAYSINTHEPINK

Elderlypeoplearegrowinghealthier,happierandmoreindependent,sayAmericanscientists.Theresultsofa14-yearstudytobeannouncedlaterthismonthrevealthatthediseasesassociatedwitholdageareafflictingfewerandfewerpeopleandwhentheydostrike,itismuchlaterinlife.

Inthelast14years,theNationallong-termHealthCareSurveyhasgathereddataonthehealthandlifestylesofmorethan20,000menandwomenover65.Researchers,nowanalyzingtheresultsofdatagatheredin1994,sayarthritis,highbloodpressureandcirculationproblems—themajormedicalcomplaintsinthisagegroup—aretroublingasmallerproportioneveryyear.Andthedataconfirmsthattherateatwhichthesediseasesaredecliningcontinuestoaccelerate.Otherdiseasesofoldage—dementia,stroke,arteriosclerosisandemphysema—arealsotroublingfewerandfewerpeople.

Itreallyraisesthequestionofwhatshouldbeconsiderednormalageing,saysKennethManton,ademographerfromDukeUniversityinNorthCarolina.Hesaystheproblemsdoctorsacceptedasnormalina65-year-oldin1982areoftennotappearinguntilpeopleare70or75.

Clearly,certaindiseasesarebeatingaretreatinthefaceofmedicaladvances.Buttheremaybeothercontributingfactors.Improvementsinchildhoodnutritioninthefirstquarterofthetwentiethcentury,forexample,gavetoday’selderlypeopleabetterstartinlifethantheirpredecessors.

Onthedownside,thedataalsorevealsfailuresinpublichealththathavecausedsurgesinsomeillnesses.Anincreaseinsomecancersandbronchitismayreflectchangingsmokinghabitsandpoorerairquality,saytheresearchers.Thesemaybesubtleinfluences,saysManton,butoursubjectshavebeenexposedtoworseandworsepollutionforover60years.It’snotsurprisingweseesomeeffect.

OneinterestingcorrelationMantonuncoveredisthatbetter-educatedpeoplearelikelytolivelonger.Forexample,65-year-oldwomenwithfewerthaneightyearsofschoolingareexpected,onaverage,toliveto82.Thosewhocontinuedtheireducationliveanextrasevenyears.Althoughsomeofthiscanbeattributedtoahigherincome,Mantonbelievesitismainlybecauseeducatedpeopleseekmoremedicalattention.

Thesurveyalsoassessedhowindependentpeopleover65were,andagainfoundastrikingtrend.Almost80%ofthoseinthe1994surveycouldcompleteeverydayactivitiesrangingfromeatinganddressingunaidedtocomplextaskssuchascookingandmanagingtheirfinances.Thatrepresentsasignificantdropinthenumberofdisabledoldpeopleinthepopulation.IfthetrendsapparentintheUnitedStates14yearsagohadcontinued,researcherscalculatetherewouldbeanadditionalonemilliondisabledelderlypeopleintoday’population.AccordingtoManton,slowingthetrendhassavedtheUnitedStatesgovernment’sMedicaresystemmorethan$200billion,suggestingthatthegreyingofAmerica’spopulationmayprovelessofafinancialburdenthanexpected.

Theincreasingself-relianceofmanyelderlypeopleisprobablylinkedtoamassiveincreaseintheuseofsimplehomemedicalaids.Forinstance,theuseofraisedtoiletseatshasmorethandoubledsincethestartofthestudy,andtheuseofbathseatshasgrownbymorethan50%.Thesedevelopmentsalsobringsomehealthbenefits,accordingtoareportfromtheMacArthurFoundation’sresearchgrouponsuccessfulageing.Thegroupfoundthatthoseelderlypeoplewhowereabletoretainasenseofindependenceweremorelikelytostayhealthyinoldage.

Maintainingalevelofdailyphysicalactivitymayhelpmental

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