書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-商洛職業技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Theoldmanwaskindand______enoughtohelpthechildrencrossthestreet.

問題1選項

A.timid

B.lively

C.gracious

D.graceful

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項timid“羞怯的”；B選項lively“活潑的；充滿趣味的，熱烈的”；C選項gracious“和藹可親的；有禮貌的”；D選項graceful“優雅的”。句意：這位老人非常友好和______，還幫助孩子們過馬路。根據語境，這里C選項gracious“和藹可親的；有禮貌的”形容老人比較合理，意思指老人熱心幫助孩子們，非常和藹可親。因此C選項正確。

2.寫作題

Writeanessayofabout250to300wordsonthetopic“LoveandBeingLoved"accordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelow.

愛和被愛是人際社會關系最重要的一對因子。愛是付出，它是奉獻；被愛是接受，它是幸福；但它們又是相互置換。請你圍繞這一命題，結合事例談談你對它們的認識和看法。

【答案】略

3.單選題

WehavearrangedtogotothecinemaonFriday,butwecanbe（

）andgoanotherday.

問題1選項

A.reliable

B.probable

C.feasible

D.flexible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。reliable“可靠的”；probable“很可能的”；feasible“可行的”；flexible“靈活的，柔韌的”。句意：我們已經安排好周五去看電影，但是我們也可以看情況改天去。由goanotherday可知空格處意為我們也不一定非得周五去，可以靈活變動，改天再去。答案D

4.單選題

Hecouldnot（）hislatearrivalattheconference.

問題1選項

A.contributeto

B.countfor

C.accountfor

D.leaveout

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。contributeto“有助于”；countfor“有價值”；accountfor“對……負有責任；對……做出解釋”;leaveout“遺漏，省去”。根據后面“他開會遲到”，可知是為開會遲到做解釋，因此選項C符合題意。

5.單選題

Theblackhorseis（）ofthepair.

問題1選項

A.thestrongest

B.thestronger

C.thestrong

D.quitestrong

【答案】B

【解析】句意:這匹黑馬更強壯。

語法題。考查比較級。當要特指兩者中“較（更）”時，比較級前通常要帶定冠詞，此時可視為比較級后省略了有關的名詞或代詞one，即定冠詞實為修飾被省略的名詞或代詞one。pair的詞義是“一對”或“一雙”，即在“兩者”中進行比較。因此，此處應該使用thestronger。

6.單選題

Headdeda（）tohisletterbysayingthathewouldarrivebefore8pm.

問題1選項

A.presidency

B.prestige

C.postscript

D.preliminary

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項presidency“總統（或董事長、會長、大學校長等）的職位（任期）”；B選項prestige“威望，聲望”；C選項postscript“附言；又及”；D選項preliminary“初步的，開始的，預備的”。句意：他在信上加了（），說他將在晚上8點前到達。這里表達的意思是“他在附言里說……”，因此C選項符合題意。

7.單選題

Examinethedataovertime,andyou’llfindirrefutableevidenceofprogress:thedeclineofwar,theincreaseinlifespan;（）ofliteracy,democracy,andequalrights,（）ofprivilegebasedonrace,gender,heredityandbeliefs.

問題1選項

A.thespread...thewaning

B.thespreading...thewane

C.thespreads...thewanes

D.thespreading…thewaning

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞性。the+名詞，表示特指。spread可以做動詞，也可以做名詞。Wane是動詞，變名詞為在其后加-ing。句意：回顧一段時間以來的數據，你就會發現有不可辨駁的證據證明社會在進步：戰爭減少，壽命延長，識字率的提高以及民主和權利平等意識的增強，基于種族、性別、出身、信仰而獲得的特權的減少。選項A符合題意。

8.單選題

Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasteadyassaultonsaltfromthedoctors:saltisbadforyouregardlessofyourhealth.Politiciansalsogotonboard."Thereisadirectrelationship,"UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,"betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath."

Frightening,iftrue!Butmanydoctorsandmedicalresearchersarenowbeginningtofeelthesaltscarehasgonetoofar.“Allthishueandcryabouteatingsaltisunnecessary,”Dr.Dustaninsists.“Formostofusitprobablydoesn'tmakemuchdifferencehowmuchsaltweeat.”Dustan'smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureexperiencednochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensaltwasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.

“Anadequatetosomewhatexcessivesaltintakehasprobablysavedmanymorelivesthanithascostinthegeneralpopulation,”notesDr.JohnH.Laragh.“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense.”

Medicalexpertsagreethateveryoneshouldpracticereasonable“moderation”insaltconsumption.Fortheaverageperson,amoderateamountmightrunfromfourtotengramsaday,orroughly1/2to1/3ofateaspoon.Theequivalentofonetotwogramsofthissatallowancewouldcomefromthenaturalsodiuminfood.Therestwouldbeaddedinprocessing,preparationoratthetable.

Thosewithkidney,liverorheartproblemsmayhavetolimitdietarysalt,iftheirdoctoradvises.Buteventheveryvocal“lowsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Jradmitsthat“wedonotknowwhetherincreasedsodiumconsumptioncauseshypertension.”Infact,thereisgrowingscientificevidencethatotherfactorsmaybeinvolved:deficienciesincalcium,potassium,perhapsmagnesium;obesity(muchmoredangerousthansodium);geneticpredisposition;stress.

“Itisnotyourenemy,”saysDr.Laragh.“SaltistheNo.1naturalcomponentofallhumantissue,andtheideathatyoudon'tneeditiswrong.Unlessyourdoctorhasproventhatyouhaveasalt-relatedhealthproblem,thereisnoreasontogiveitup.”

1.Accordingtosomedoctorsandpoliticians,theamountofsaltconsumed（）.

2.FromDr.Dustan’sstudywecaninferthat（）.

3.Inthethirdparagraph,Dr.Laraghimpliesthat（）.

4.Thephrase“vocal...exponent”(Line2,Para.4)mostprobablyrefersto（）.

5.Whatisthemainmessageofthistext?

問題1選項

A.exhibitsasanaggravatingfactortopeopleinpoorhealth

B.curesdiseasessuchasstrokeandcirculatorydisorders

C.correlateshighlywithsomediseases

D.isirrelevanttopeoplesufferingfromheartdisease

問題2選項

A.alow-saltdietmaybeprescribedforsomepeople

B.theamountofsaltintakehasnothingtodowithone’sbloodpressure

C.thereductionofsaltintakecancureahypertensivepatient

D.anextremelylow-saltdietmakesnodifferencetoanyone

問題3選項

A.peopleshouldnotbeafraidoftakingexcessivesalt

B.doctorsshouldnotadvisepeopletoavoidsalt

C.anadequatetoexcessivesaltintakeisrecommendedforpeopleindisease

D.excessivesaltintakehasclaimedsomevictimsinthegeneralpopulation

問題4選項

A.eloquentdoctor

B.articulateopponent

C.loudspeaker

D.strongadvocate

問題5選項

A.Thesaltscareisnotjustified.

B.Thecauseofhypertensionisnowunderstood.

C.Themoderateuseofsaltisrecommended.

D.Saltconsumptionistobepromoted.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“Thereisadirectrelationship,”UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,“betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath.”可知：一些醫生和政客認為鈉的攝入量和身體健康有直接關系，并會引發多種疾病，甚至早逝。說明他們認為食鹽的攝入量與某些疾病的發生息息相關，因此，C項正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據文章第二段Dustan'smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureexperiencednochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensalt,wasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.可知：在Dustan研究中，當攝取極低的少鹽飲食或者恢復食用食鹽時，血壓正常的人不會有什么改變。然而，在高血壓人群中，少鹽飲食中一半的人確實出現血壓下降，而再次恢復食鹽的攝入時，血壓會返回到之前的水平。因此，A項“低鹽飲食可能適合某些人”表述正確。B項和D項錯誤。文章并沒有談及“減少食鹽攝入量可能治愈高血壓”，故C項錯誤。

3.推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense?”可知：醫生不應該建議人們不吃鹽，因此，B選項符合題意，為正確答案。

4.詞匯題。根據原文倒數第二段buteventheveryvocal“lowsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Dr.admitsthat...可知：就連“低鹽論”最主要的支持者，Arthur博士都承認鹽的攝入量是否與髙血壓有關。所以最恰當的理解應該是強烈支持者。因此，D項為正確答案。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要討論了食鹽攝入量與人體健康的關系。通過人們對于鹽的恐慌引出相關話題，最后表明“除非醫生告知你有與攝取鹽分相關的健康問題，否則，沒有理由不攝取食鹽”。由此可知，食鹽恐慌是不合理的，A項為正確答案。

9.單選題

Heattendstothe（）ofimportantbusinesshimself.

問題1選項

A.transaction

B.transition

C.transmission

D.transformation

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他親自處理重要的生意。

考查名詞辨析。transaction交易，業務，事務；transition過渡，轉變；transmission播送，傳送；transformation變化。根據后文“business生意”可知，A項“交易”正確。

10.寫作題

WriteontheANSWERSHEETacompositionofatleast200wordsbasedonthetopic“TraditionandInnovation”.

Youaretowriteinthreeparts.

Inthefirstpart,statespecificallywhatyouropinionis.

Inthesecondpart,providereasonsoryourexperiencestosupportyouropinion.

Inthelastpart,bringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.

【答案】Thereisavividsayingwhichsays“Iftraditioncanbelikenedtotherootsandtrunkofatree,innovationisitsleavesandfruits.”Iquiteapplaudthissimile.Frommyperspective,traditionandinnovationaredoomedtocoexistperpetually.

Firstandforemost,traditionisasolidfoundationforinnovation,withabundantnutritionwecanabsorb,suchasscientificexperimentapproachesandsciencespirits.Secondly,it’sthedrawbacksoftraditionincertainfieldsthatgiverisetoinspirationandmomentumtoinnovate.Forinstance,ThomasEdison,whocaughtthesightoftheinconvenienceoftraditionalgaslight,conductedexperimentsandeventuallyinventedlightbulb.Onthecontrary,innovationwillcertainlyfightagainsttradition.Whenaninnovationsatisfiespeople'sexpectation,itcangainpopularityandfinallymakeitselfanewelementintradition,whichwillbeheldinhighesteem.

Inaword,traditionandinnovationcanneverbeseparated.Attheverytime,withtheever-increasingspeedofinnovation,adiversityofnewly-borntechnologyandhi-techproductspenetrateourdailylife.I’mconvincedthatwe’dbetterbeabsolutelyconsciousofourroot——traditionandgiveprioritytoit.Onlywhenwegainathoroughcomprehensionofitcanweaccomplishmagnificentinnovationandexertpositiveeffectonoursocietyasawhole.

11.單選題

Sheismostfrugalinmattersofbusiness,butinherprivatelifesherevealsastreakof（prodigality）.

問題1選項

A.antipathy

B.wastefulness

C.virtuosity

D.equanimity

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意：她在生意上極其節儉，但在私生活上卻揮霍無度。A選項antipathy“反感，厭惡”；B選項wastefulness“浪費，揮霍無度”；C選項virtuosity“精湛技巧”；D選項equanimity“平靜，鎮定”。根據句意可知，prodigality和frugal意思相反，prodigality意為“浪費，慷慨”，選項B與之意思相近，代入符合語境。

12.單選題

Doyouthinkthatallhumanbeingshaveaucomfortzone”regulatingthedistancetheystandfromsomeonewhentheytalk?Thisdistancevariesininterestingwaysamongpeopleofdifferentcultures.

Greeks,othersoftheEasternMediterranean,andmanyofthosefromSouthAmericanormallystandquiteclosetogetherwhentheytalk,oftenmovingtheirfacesevencloserastheywarmupinaconversation.NorthAmericansfindthisawkwardandoftenbackawayafewinches.Studieshavefoundthattheytendtofeelmostcomfortableatabout21inchesapart.InmuchofAsiaandAfrica,thereisevenmorespacebetweentwospeakersinconversation.Thisgreaterspacesubtlylendsanairofdignityandrespect.Thismannerofspaceisnearlyalwaysunconscious,butitisinterestingtoobserve.

Thisdifferenceappliesalsototheclosenesswithwhichpeoplesittogether,theextenttowhichtheyleanoveroneanotherinconversation,andhowtheymoveastheyargueormakeanemphaticpoint.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,peopletrytokeeptheirbodiesaparteveninacrowdedelevator；inParistheytakeitasitcomes!

AlthoughNorthAmericanshavearelativelywide“comfortzone”fortalking,theycommunicateagreatdealwiththeirhands—notonlywithgesturebutalsowithtouch.Theyputasympathetichandonaperson’sshouldertodemonstratewarmthoffeelingoranarmaroundhiminsympathy；theynudgeamanintheribstoemphasizeafunnystory；theyputanarminreassuranceorstrokeachild’sheadinaffection；theyreadilytakesomeone’sarmtohelphimcrossastreetordirecthimalonganunfamiliarroute.Tomanypeople—especiallythosefromAsiaortheMoslemcountries—suchbodilycontactisunwelcome,especiallyifinadvertentlydonewiththelefthand.ThelefthandcarriesnospecialsignificanceintheU.S.ManyAmericansaresimplyleft-handedandusethathandmore.Doyouthinkthatallhumanbeingshaveaucomfortzone”regulatingthedistancetheystandfromsomeonewhentheytalk?Thisdistancevariesininterestingwaysamongpeopleofdifferentcultures.

Greeks,othersoftheEasternMediterranean,andmanyofthosefromSouthAmericanormallystandquiteclosetogetherwhentheytalk,oftenmovingtheirfacesevencloserastheywarmupinaconversation.NorthAmericansfindthisawkwardandoftenbackawayafewinches.Studieshavefoundthattheytendtofeelmostcomfortableatabout21inchesapart.InmuchofAsiaandAfrica,thereisevenmorespacebetweentwospeakersinconversation.Thisgreaterspacesubtlylendsanairofdignityandrespect.Thismannerofspaceisnearlyalwaysunconscious,butitisinterestingtoobserve.

Thisdifferenceappliesalsototheclosenesswithwhichpeoplesittogether,theextenttowhichtheyleanoveroneanotherinconversation,andhowtheymoveastheyargueormakeanemphaticpoint.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,peopletrytokeeptheirbodiesaparteveninacrowdedelevator；inParistheytakeitasitcomes!

AlthoughNorthAmericanshavearelativelywide“comfortzone”fortalking,theycommunicateagreatdealwiththeirhands—notonlywithgesturebutalsowithtouch.Theyputasympathetichandonaperson’sshouldertodemonstratewarmthoffeelingoranarmaroundhiminsympathy；theynudgeamanintheribstoemphasizeafunnystory；theyputanarminreassuranceorstrokeachild’sheadinaffection；theyreadilytakesomeone’sarmtohelphimcrossastreetordirecthimalonganunfamiliarroute.Tomanypeople—especiallythosefromAsiaortheMoslemcountries—suchbodilycontactisunwelcome,especiallyifinadvertentlydonewiththelefthand.ThelefthandcarriesnospecialsignificanceintheU.S.ManyAmericansaresimplyleft-handedandusethathandmore.

1.Intermsofbodilydistance,NorthAmericans（）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinacrowdedelevator,aFrenchmen（）.

3.AnAmericanputshishandonanotherman’sshoulder（）.

4.Thepassagemainlyconcerns（）.

問題1選項

A.aresimilartoSouthAmericans

B.standfarthestapart

C.feelillateasewhentooclose

D.movenearerduringconversations

問題2選項

A.wouldbehaveinthesamewayasanAmericanwould

B.wouldmakenoparticularefforttodistancehimself

C.wouldbeafraidofbodilycontact

D.woulddohisbesttoleave

問題3選項

A.toshowapathy

B.toshowpassion

C.toshowfriendliness

D.todisguisehisfeeling

問題4選項

A.distanceandcontact

B.bodylanguage

C.culturaldifferencesbetweentheEastandtheWest

D.handsignals

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】1.信息推斷題。文章第二段中提到當美國人會覺得太尷尬如果彼此之間距離太近，“findthisawkward”，選項feelillatease意為感到不自在，最符合題意。

2.信息推斷題。文中第三段最后一句提到，美國人在擁擠的電梯也會保持距離，但是在巴黎，人們不會刻意地這樣做。選項B符合題意。

3.信息推斷題。文章最后一段提到“putasympathetichandonaperson’sshoulder”，將手搭在別人肩膀上以表示安慰，讓別人感受溫暖之情。Friendliness最符合語境。選項C符合題意。

4.主旨思想題。對整體文意的理解。本文主要提到了不同文化地域中，人們對于距離感的認知區別。選項C符合題意。

13.單選題

IfsecuritiesofaforeigncorporationaresoldintheUS,thecorporationis（）totheUSlaw.

問題1選項

A.dedicated

B.subject

C.projected

D.loyal

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。dedicated“專注于”;subject服從的；projected“突出的”;loyal“忠誠的”。句意：外國公司的證券在美國出售的前提就是必需服從美國的法律。選項B符合題意。

14.單選題

Inmostofthehumancivilizationofwhichwehaveanyproperrecords,youthhasdrawnoneitherartorlifeformodels,planningtoemulatetheheroesdepictedinepicsontheshadowplayscreenorthestage,orthoseknownhumanbeings,fathersorgrandfathers,chiefsorcraftsmen,whoseeverycharacteristiccanbestudiedandimitated.Asrecentlyas1910,thiswastheprevailingconditionintheUnitedStates.Ifhecamefromanonliteratebackground,therecentimmigrantlearnedtospeak,move,andthinklikeanAmericanbyusinghiseyesandearsonthelaborlineandinthehomesofmoreacculturatedcousins,bywatchingschoolchildren,orbyabsorbingthestandardsoftheteacher,theforeman,theclerkwhoservedhiminthestore.Fortheliterateandtheliteratechildrenofthenouliterate,therewasart—thestoryofthefrustratedartistintheprairietown,ofthesecondgenerationbattlingwiththelimitationsofthefirst.Andatasimplerlevel,thereweretheWesternandHollywoodfairytaleswhichpointedamoralbutdidnot,asarule,teachtablemanners.

WiththedevelopmentofthecountermovementagainstHollywood,withtheefflorescenceofphotography,withTime-Life-Fortunetypesofreportingandthedead-panNewYorkermannerofdescribingthelifeofanold-clothesdealerinaforgottenstreetorofpresentingthe“accurate”,“checked”detailsofthelivesofpeoplewhoseeminencegaveatleastasortoflicensetoattackthem,withthepassionfor“humandocuments”inDepressiondays—anecessarysubstituteforproletarianartamongmiddleclasswriterswhoknewnothingaboutproletarians,andmiddleclassreaderswhoneededtheshockofverisimilitude—anewerainAmericanlifewasusheredin,theerainwhichyoungpeopleimitatedneitherlifenorartnorfairytale,butinsteadwerepresentedwithmodelsdrawnfromlifewithminimalbutcrucialdistortions.Doctoredlifehistories,posedcarelessness,“candid”shotsofpeopleintheirownhomeswhichtookhourstoarrange,picturesshotfromreallifetoscriptswrittenmonthsbeforesupplementedbynationalpollsandsurveyswhichassuredthereaderthatthisbobbysoxerdidindeedrepresentanationalnormoragrowingtrend—replacedtheoldermodels.

1.Thisarticleisbasedontheideathat（）.

2.Storiesofthesecondgenerationbattlingagainstthelimitationsofthefirstwereoftenresponsiblefor（）.

3.ThecountermovementagainstHollywoodwasamovement（）.

4.Theauthorattributesthechangeinattitudessince1910to（）.

5.Theword“distortions”attheendofthe1stsentenceinparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto（）.

問題1選項

A.peopletodaynolongerfollowmodels

B.peopleattachlittleimportancetowhoevertheyfollow

C.peoplegenerallypatterntheirlivesaftermodels

D.peoplenolongerrespectheroes

問題2選項

A.inspiringliterateimmigrants

B.frustratingeducatedimmigrants

C.preventingtheassimilationofimmigrants

D.instillingintoimmigrantsanantagonisticattitudetowardtheirforebears

問題3選項

A.towardrealism

B.towardfantasy

C.againsttheteachingofmorals

D.awayfromrealism

問題4選項

A.alogicalevolutionofideas

B.widespreadmoraldecay

C.theinfluenceofthepress

D.aphilosophyofplenty

問題5選項

A.presentations

B.misinterpretations

C.influences

D.limitations

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第一句Inmostofthehumancivilizationofwhichwehaveanyproperrecords,youthhasdrawnoneitherartorlifeformodels,planningtoemulatetheheroesdepictedinepicsontheshadowplayscreenorthestage,orthoseknownhumanbeings,fathersorgrandfathers,chiefsorcraftsmen,whoseeverycharacteristiccanbestudiedandimitated.（在我們有記錄的大多數人類文明中，青年都以藝術或生活為范本，計劃模仿在皮影戲屏幕或舞臺上演出的史詩中描繪的英雄，或那些有名的人類、父輩或祖輩、酋長或工匠，他們的每一個特征都可以研究和模仿。），說明有史以來年輕人都會將各種各樣的人作為偶像來模仿，整篇文章都是圍繞著這個觀點展開論述的。因此C選項“人們通常會模仿偶像的生活”正確。A選項“今天的人們不再模仿偶像”，由原文可知，現在這還是美國的普遍情況，所以A錯誤。B選項“人們對模仿的人都不重視”，D選項“人們不再尊重英雄”在文中沒有提及，所以B，D錯誤。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段倒數第二句Fortheliterateandtheliteratechildrenofthenouliterate,therewasart—thestoryofthefrustratedartistintheprairietown,ofthesecondgenerationbattlingwiththelimitationsofthefirst.（對于努士人的文人和文人子女來說，有藝術的故事——在大草原城鎮失意的藝術家的故事，第二代人與第一代人的局限性斗爭的故事。），說第二代移民藝術家努力克服父輩缺陷的故事是用來激勵移民變得有文化。因此A選項“激勵有文化的移民”正確。B選項“使受過教育的移民感到失望”，C選項“防止移民的同化問題”，D選項“向移民灌輸對其祖先的敵視態度”在文中均沒有提及，所以B，C，D錯誤。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第一句WiththedevelopmentofthecountermovementagainstHollywood,withtheefflorescenceofphotography,withTime-Life-Fortunetypesofreportingandthedead-panNewYorkermannerofdescribingthelifeofanold-clothesdealerinaforgottenstreetorofpresentingthe“accurate”,“checked”detailsofthelivesofpeoplewhoseeminencegaveatleastasortoflicensetoattackthem,withthepassionfor“humandocuments”inDepressiondays—anecessarysubstituteforproletarianartamongmiddleclasswriterswhoknewnothingaboutproletarians,andmiddleclassreaderswhoneededtheshockofverisimilitude—anewerainAmericanlifewasusheredin（隨著反好萊塢運動的發展，隨著攝影的興起，隨著《時代-生活-財富》式的報道，以及《紐約客》用死板的方式描述一個被遺忘的街道上的舊衣商的生活，或者說是用“準確”的方式來呈現，“檢查”了一些人的生活細節，這些人的顯赫地位給了至少一種許可攻擊他們，隨著大蕭條時期對“人類文獻”的熱情——在對無產階級一無所知的中產階級作家和需要真實性沖擊的中產階級讀者中，這是無產階級藝術的必要替代物——美國生活迎來了一個新的時代。），說明在反對好萊塢的運動中，真實的現實生活被呈現出來，開啟了美國的新時代。因此A選項“走向現實主義”正確。B選項“走向幻想”，C選項“違背道德教育”，D選項“脫離現實主義”在文中均沒有提及，所以B，C，D錯誤。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第一句WiththedevelopmentofthecountermovementagainstHollywood,withtheefflorescenceofphotography,withTime-Life-Fortunetypesofreportingandthedead-panNewYorkermannerofdescribingthelifeofanold-clothesdealerinaforgottenstreetorofpresentingthe“accurate”,“checked”detailsofthelivesofpeoplewhoseeminencegaveatleastasortoflicensetoattackthem,withthepassionfor“humandocuments”inDepressiondays（隨著反好萊塢運動的發展，隨著攝影的興起，隨著《時代-生活-財富》式的報道，以及《紐約客》用死板的方式描述一個被遺忘的街道上的舊衣商的生活，或者說是用“準確”的方式來呈現，“檢查”了一些人的生活細節，這些人的顯赫地位給了至少一種許可攻擊他們，隨著大蕭條時期對“人類文獻”的熱情），說明1910年以來人們態度變化的原因是多種多樣的。因此D選項“豐富的理論”正確。A選項“思想的邏輯演變”，B選項“普遍的道德敗壞”，C選項“新聞界的影響”均不符合題意，所以A，B，C錯誤。

5.語義推測題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段倒數第二句theerainwhichyoungpeopleimitatedneitherlifenorartnorfairytale,butinsteadwerepresentedwithmodelsdrawnfromlifewithminimalbutcrucialdistortions.（在這個時代，年輕人既不模仿生活，也不模仿藝術或童話，他們看到的是生活中的偶像，這些偶像就沒有受到關鍵的扭曲。），說明在反好萊塢運動中，年輕人不再模仿生活中、或藝術及電影中的偶像，而是看到了真正來自于生活的沒有被扭曲的偶像人物，此處“distortions”指的是偶像人物被誤解。所以B選項“誤解”正確。A選項“介紹”，C選項“影響”，D選項“限制”均不符合題意，所以A，C，D錯誤。

15.單選題

Withhisface（）byamask,thefiremandashedintothehouseonfire.

問題1選項

A.hidden

B.concealed

C.screened

D.buried

【答案】C

【解析】四個詞都有“掩飾,掩藏”之意,但側重點不同。hide—般用于hidesb/sthinaplace；conceal隱瞞,一般表示“掩飾,不讓別人發現”；screen表示“遮蔽以起到保護的效果”；bury表示“埋葬”。根據句意可知,所以C符合語境。

16.單選題

Eventhoughyoumaybeexcitedaboutrelocating,youmaystillmournthelossofafamiliarhome,wayoflife,familyandfriendsleftbehind.“Underestimatingtheemotionalimpactofmovingisthebiggestmistakepeoplemake,”saysPatriciaNida,Psychologistandrelocationconsultant.“Peoplethinkthereissomethingwrongwiththemiftheycan’tcopewiththeemotionalupheavalofmoving.Theydon’trealizeit’snormal.”WhenSheilamovedfromOregontoCalifornia,ittookhernearlyayeartofeelrootedinhernewcommunity.Thentwoyearslater,thefamilymovedbacktoOregon.Whenwecameback,Icouldn’tgetusedtothem.Eachtimewemoved,IfeltlikeIlostapartofmyself.”

“Althougheveryonewhomovesfeelsthislossofidentitytosomeextent,it’susuallymostdisastrousforanon-workingwife”,saysDr.Seidenberg,clinicalprofessorofpsychiatry.“Heridentity,”sayshe,“stemsfromheractivitiesandthetiestothecommunity.Relocatingwipesitallout.Everytimeshemoves,shehastore-establishhercredentials.”“Youcopebyreachingoutandfindingactivitiesandpeoplethatinterestyou,”addsEileenKirsh,aveteranoffourspouse-job-relatedmoves.“Ifyouarelucky,youmeetsomeonecompatible.”

Don’tavoidsayinggoodbye.Itmayseemeasieratthetime,butinthelongrun,itcancreateagreatersenseofloss.Resistthetemptationtosevertieswithyouroldneighborhood.Maintainrelationships.Allowyourselftogothroughtheemotionsassociatedwithmoving,withoutcriticism.Whenyouacquireyournewlivingquarters,introduceyourselftoyournewneighbors.Writeaheadtoyournewhouseofworshipandcommunityorganizationsforinformationonactivitiesandservices.Whenyoufinallymovein,youwillfeelmoreapartofthenewcommunity.Establishfamilytraditionsthatmovewithyou.Doingthingstogetherasafamilymakesyoufeelathome,nomatterwhereyoulive.

Movingisadifficultexperience,butitalsohasmanyadvantages.Psychologistssayitstimulatesgrowth,makesusadaptable,broadensourscopeandgivesustheopportunitytomakenewfriendsandenjoynewexperiences.Asanationandasindividuals,wearestrengthenedbyourpioneerspirit.Andifwecansaveonwearandtear-allthebetter.

13.Whenpeoplemove,they____.

14.Theword“upheaval”inPara.1isclosestinmeaningto____.

15.Researchershavefoundthatmanypeople____.

16.Housewivesaretheworstsufferersfromrelocatingbecausethey____.

17.Theauthoradvisesthereadertotakethingseasyby____.

18.Inconclusion,theauthorproposesthatpeopleshould____.

問題1選項

A.makethebiggestmistake

B.minimizetheirlosses

C.havemixedfeelings

D.areintrouble

問題2選項

A.uplift

B.violence

C.approval

D.turbulence

問題3選項

A.arebeingashamedofbeingsentimentalaboutlife

B.缺失

C.spendyearsdecidingwheretosettledown

D.oftenfailtoseetheadvantagesofmoving

問題4選項

A.havetofindtheiridentityagain

B.don’tknowhowtomakenewfriends

C.feelitdifficulttogetusedtodifferentclimate

D.havetomovewhentheirhusbandsgetnewjobs

問題5選項

A.keepingthefamilytradition

B.cuttingtieswiththeoldlivingquarters

C.movingaheadoftimetothenewresidence

D.resistingthetemptationtoshowemotion

問題6選項

A.movemorefrequentlyiftheycan

B.learntobepositiveaboutmoving

C.beeconomicalwhentheymove

D.carryonthepioneerspiritandmovetotheWest

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:B

【解析】13.【選項釋義】

Whenpeoplemove,they____.當人們搬家時，他們____。

A.makethebiggestmistakeA.犯最大的錯誤

B.minimizetheirlossesB.減少/小看他們的損失

C.havemixedfeelingsC.心情復雜

D.areintroubleD.有麻煩

【考查點】事實細節題。

【解題思路】根據題干關鍵詞peoplemove定位到原文第1段，本段第1句說“即使你可能對搬遷感到興奮（beexcited），你可能仍然會為失去一個熟悉的家、生活方式、家人和朋友而悲傷（mournthelossof）。”因此，C選項“心情復雜”表述正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“犯最大的錯誤”，定位到第1段第2句，PatriciaNida說“低估搬家的情感影響是人們犯的最大錯誤”，此處有上下文限制，這句話表達的是，“低估搬家的情感影響”是人們在被搬家時犯的最大的錯誤；而該選項“犯最大的錯誤”沒有語境限制，表達的是“搬家時人們犯的最大的錯誤”，因此，該選項表述錯誤，屬于偷換概念；

B選項“減少/小看他們的損失”，原文說的是“低估搬家的情感影響”，選項表述錯誤，屬于過度推理；

D選項“有麻煩”，原文雖然說搬家很困難，但最后一段第1句也說“搬家是一種艱難的經歷，但它也有很多好處（manyadvantages）。”該選項表述不準確，屬于推理過度。

14.【選項釋義】

Theword“upheaval”inPara.1isclosestinmeaningto____.第1段中的“upheaval”一詞的意思最接近于____。

A.upliftA.提高，增長；抬起；振奮

B.violenceB.暴力；激烈

C.approvalC.批準；贊成

D.turbulenceD.騷亂，動蕩

【考查點】詞匯推測題。

【解題思路】

1）句中前后信息銜接：根據題干關鍵詞Para.1和upheaval定位到原文第1段第3句，該句說到“如果人們不能應對搬家帶來的情緒____（theemotionalupheavalofmoving），他們就會認為自己有問題（somethingwrongwiththem）。”由此可知，upheaval是個名詞，是搬家所引起的一種情緒上的變化，并且根據人們認為處理不好就是自己有問題這一點可推斷，這種情緒變化是負面的。因此，D選項“動蕩”，emotionalturbulence“情緒波動”符合題意。

2）上下文語義銜接：本段最后3句通過舉例對此進行了進一步說明。Sheila從Oregon（俄勒岡州）搬到California（加利福尼亞），花了很長時間適應新的環境；又搬回俄勒岡州時，也無法適應。她說“每次搬家，我都覺得自己好像失去了一部分（lostapartofmyself）。”由此可知，這是搬家帶來的情緒變化，也可推測出D選項“動蕩”，emotionalturbulence“情緒波動”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“（情緒）振奮”，不符合負面的情感基調；

B選項“暴力；激烈”，原文沒有依據；

C選項“批準；贊成”，不符合負面的情感基調。

15.【選項釋義】

Researchershavefoundthatmanypeople____.研究人員發現，許多人____。

A.arebeingashamedofbeingsentimentalaboutlifeA.恥于對生活多愁善感

B.缺失B.缺失

C.spendyearsdecidingwheretosettledownC.花數年時間決定在哪里定居

D.oftenfailtoseetheadvantagesofmovingD.往往看不到搬家的好處

【考查點】事實細節