書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-南昌大學科學技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Itisimperativethatthegovernment（）moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.

問題1選項

A.attracts

B.shallattract

C.attract

D.hastoattract

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。在itis+表示要求，建議，必要，命令意思的形容詞或分詞+主語從句的結構中。句子使用虛擬語氣。其結構是“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略，imperative表示“必要的，不可避免的”。句意：吸引更多的投資到造船業是勢在必行的。因此,本題的正確答案是C選項。

2.單選題

Habitscanbeconsciouslystrengthened,aswhenastudentoftheviolinpracticesandmemorizesdifferentfingerings.

問題1選項

A.conveniently

B.lastingly

C.intentionally

D.robustly

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。consciously表示“自覺地，有意識的”。A項conveniently“便利地，合宜地”，B項lastingly“持續地”，C項intentionally“故意地，有意地”，D項robustly“粗魯地，堅定地”。句意：習慣可以有意識地加強，就像一個學小提琴的學生練習和記憶不同的指法一樣。根據題意該題選C。

3.翻譯題

40.地球快速變暖到了非常嚴峻的程度，而世界上最貧窮的國家成了極端氣候的最大受害者。未來的氣候變化可能帶來更頻繁和更嚴重的洪澇、旱災和其他極端氣候事件，發展中國家至今還沒有良好的能力對付它們。

41.即使現在，地球上最貧窮的十億人口所產生的排放只占全球排放的3%，而最富有的十億人口占了全球排放的50%。全球還有16億人口無法獲得現代能源，沒有能源，國家就不能繁榮。富國只有采取強有力的行動以騰出一些大氣層的“污染空間”，當低收入國家在將來開始更多排放時，才可能使全球排放達到重新平衡。

42.未來十年發生的事情將深刻影響可供我們后代進行的選擇。延遲或不采取行動的代價是非常高的，我們必須現在就行動，必須用全人類的聰明才智和合作精神，來對付氣候危機。

43.雖然越來越多的人都知道氣候變暖，相信需要采取行動，但很少有人把它放在首位，太多的人在機會面前并沒有采取行動。所以，最大的挑戰在于改變行為方式和制度，尤其是富國。

【答案】40.Theplanetiswarmingrapidlytoseverelevels,andtheworld’spoorestcountriesarethebiggestvictimsofextremeweather.Futureclimatechangeislikelytobringmorefrequentandseverefloods,droughtsandotherextremeweathereventsthatdevelopingcountriesarenotyetwellequippedtodealwith.

41.Evennow,thepoorestbillionpeopleontheplanetaccountforonly3%ofglobalemissions,whiletherichestbillionpeopleaccountfor50%.Andtherearestill1.6billionpeopleintheworldwhodonothaveaccesstomodernenergy.Acountrycannotprosperwithoutenergy.Rebalancingglobalemissionswillbepossibleonlyifrichcountriestakestrongactiontofreeupsomeatmospheric“pollutionspace”,thuslow-incomecountriesstarttoemitmoreinthefuture.

42.Whathappensinthenextdecadewillprofoundlyaffectthechoicesavailabletofuturegenerations.Thecostsofdelayorinactionaretoohigh,andwemustactnowtotackletheclimatecrisiswiththeingenuityandcooperationofallhumanity.

43.Althoughagrowingnumberofpeopleareawareofglobalwarmingandbelievethatactionisneeded,fewputitfirst,andtoomanypeopledonottakeactioninthefaceofopportunity.Sothebiggestchallengeisaboutchangingbehaviorandsystem,especiallyinrichcountries.

4.單選題

Tomaintainaleadingpositioninthemarket,companieshavetodevelopproductswhicharecheaper,more（）andmorereliablethanthoseoftheircompetitors.

問題1選項

A.innovative

B.commensurate

C.enlightening

D.legitimate

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。innovative創新的，革新的；commensurate相稱的，同量的；enlightening富有啟發的；legitimate合法的，合理的，正當的。句意：為了在市場上保持領先地位，公司必須開發出比競爭對手更便宜、更創新、更可靠的產品。選項A符合句意。

5.單選題

Plasticbagsareusefulforholdingmanykindsoffood,_______theircleanness,toughnessandlowcost.Buttheyareharmfultoenvironment.

問題1選項

A.byvirtueof

B.inadditionto

C.forthesakeof

D.asopposedto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項byvirtueof“由于”；B選項inadditionto“除……之外（還有，也）”；C選項forthesakeof“為了……的利益”；D選項asopposedto“與……截然相反”。句意：塑料袋雖然_______干凈、韌性強和成本低，可以盛裝很多種食物，但是對環境有害。根據語境，這里指塑料袋因為干凈等特點，所以可以盛裝食物，所以byvirtueof“由于”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

6.單選題

Therearemanykindsofmetals,（）itsspecialproperties

問題1選項

A.eachhaving

B.everyhaving

C.eachhas

D.onehas

【答案】A

【解析】句意:這里有很多種金屬，每一種都有它特有的屬性。

語法題。考查獨立主格。“itsspecialproperties它特有的屬性”的邏輯主語是空格前“metals金屬”,因此這里使用獨立主格結構來表示補充說明。

7.單選題

WhileApplewascomingunderincreasingpressurefromlowercostPCclones,thecompany'sinitialresponsewastodevelopevenmore()high-endcomputers.

問題1選項

A.sophisticated

B.luxurious

C.philosophical

D.sensitive

【答案】A

【解析】sophisticated復雜的，精致的；luxurious奢侈的，豐富的；philosophical哲學的；sensitive敏感的。句意：盡管蘋果正面臨來自低成本電腦復制品的越來越大壓力，但該公司最初的反應是開發更復雜的高端電腦。選項A符合句意。

8.單選題

Whenthestrangerwalkedtowardshim,hefled,thedoor（）behindhim

問題1選項

A.slammed

B.toslam

C.slant

D.slamming

【答案】D

【解析】slamming做形容詞,修飾door,表示門的狀態。如果填slammed,后面構成一個完整的句子,需要連接詞and連接前后兩個句子。

9.單選題

The（）forspeedingisafineofonehundredandfiftydollars.

問題1選項

A.penalty

B.benefit

C.criticism

D.remedy

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項penalty“罰款，罰金”；B選項benefit“利益，好處”；C選項criticism“批評，考證”；D選項remedy“補救，療法補救”。句意：超速的懲罰是罰款150美元。由選項意思和句意可知，A選項符合句意。

10.單選題

Itgenerallythoughtthatasteachersworkwithstudents,psychologycourseworkis（

）toteacher-training.

問題1選項

A.invariably

B.indispensable

C.indisposed

D.inviolate

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。invariably“總是，不變地”;indispensable“不可缺少的”；indisposed“不舒服的”；inviolate“無污點的”。前半句提到“由于老師與學生共事”，因此“心理學課程是教師培訓必不可少的”，選項B符合題意。

11.單選題

TheOlympicGames（

）in776B.C.inOlympia,asmalltowninGreece.

問題1選項

A.originated

B.stemmed

C.derived

D.descended

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:奧林匹克運動會起源于公元前776年希臘一個叫奧林匹亞的小鎮。

originatedin起源于，通常后面接地點;steemed一般與介詞from連用表示“源于”;derivedfrom由…衍生而來;descendfrom由…傳下來，通常后面接某人。

12.單選題

Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonwork-forceskills.Americanfirmshaveaproblem.Humanresourcemanagement(HRM)isnottraditionallyseenascentraltothecompetitivesurvivalofthefirmintheUnitedStates.Skillacquisitionisconsideredanindividualresponsibility.Laborissimplyanotherfactorofproductiontobehiredorrentedatthelowestpossiblecost,whichisamuchasonebuysrawmaterialsorequipment.

Thelackofimportanceattachedtohumanresourcemanagementcanbeseeninthecorporatehierarchy.InanAmericanfirmthechieffinancialofficerisalmostalwayssecondincommand.Thepostofheadofhumanresourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofcorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO).Bywayofcontrast,inJapantheheadofhumanresourcemanagementiscentral-usuallythesecondmostimportantexecutive,aftertheCEO,inthefirm'shierarchy.

WhileAmericanfirmsoftentalkaboutthevastamountsspentontrainingtheirworkforces,infacttheyinvestlessintheskillsoftheiremployeesthandoeitherJapaneseorGermanfirms.Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalandmanagerialemployees.Andthelimitedinvestmentsthataremadeintrainingworkersarealsomuchmorenarrowlyfocusedonthespecificskillsnecessarytodothenextjobratherthanonthebasicbackgroundskillsthatmakeitpossibletoabsorbnewtechnologies.

Asaresult,problemsemergewhennewbreakthroughtechnologiesarrive.IfAmericanworkers,forexample,takemuchlongertolearnhowtooperatenewflexiblemanufacturingstationsthanworkersinGermany(astheydo),theeffectivecostofthosestationsislowerinGermanythanitisintheUnitedStates.Moretimeisrequiredbeforeequipmentisupandrunningatcapacity,andtheneedforextensiveretraininggeneratescostsandcreatesbottlenecksthatlimitthespeedwithwhichnewequipmentcanbeemployed.Theresultisaslowerpaceoftechnologicalchange.Andintheendtheskillsofthebottomhalfofthepopulationaffectthewagesofthetophalf.Ifthebottomhalfcan'teffectivelystafftheprocessesthathavetobeoperated,themanagementandprofessionaljobsthatgowiththeseprocesseswilldisappear.

1.WhichofthefollowingappliestotheHRMofAmericancompanies?

2.What'sthepositionoftheexecutiveofHRMinanAmericanfirm?

3.ThemoneymostAmericanfirmsputinworkforcetrainingmainlygoeson（

）.

4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Theyhirepeoplewiththeleastpossiblemoneyregardlessoftheirskills.

B.Theyseeskillsgainastheiremployees’ownbusiness.

C.Theyprefertohireself-trainedworkers.

D.Theyonlyhireskilledworkersbecauseofkeenemploymentcompetition.

問題2選項

A.Heisoneofthemostimportantexecutivesinthefirm.

B.Hispositionislikelytodisappearwhennewtechnologieshavebeenintroduced.

C.Hehasnosayinginmakingimportantdecisionsinthefirm.

D.Heisdirectlyunderthechieffinancialexecutive.

問題3選項

A.technologicalandmanagerialstaff.

B.workerswhowillrunnewequipment.

C.workerswholackbasicbackgroundskills.

D.topexecutives.

問題4選項

A.Americanfirm'sHRMstrategiesaffecttheircompetitivecapacity.

B.HRMisakeyfactorinafirm’ssurvival.

C.ThecostofworkingtraininginAmericaishigherthanthatinJapanandGermany.

D.AmericanfirmsaredifferentfromJapaneseandGermanfirmsinHRM.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】1.細節事實題。題目提問‘下面哪個適用于美國公司中人力資源的管理？’根據文章第一段第三句“Skillacquisitionisconsideredanindividualresponsibility.技能的獲得被認為是個人的責任。”確定B選項“公司認為雇員掌握技術問題是他們自己的事”正確。

2.細節事實題。題目提問‘在美國公司中人力資源部門的主管的地位怎樣？’根據文章第二段中第三句“Thepostofheadofhumanresourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofcorporatehierarchy.人力資源管理主管這一職位通常是一項專門的工作，位于公司等級制度的邊緣。”和第四句“TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO).持有該職位的行政人員從未就重大戰略決策征求過意見，也沒有機會晉升為首席執行官。”可以確定美國公司里的人力資源部門的主管在管理層中是非常沒有地位的，在重大決策中是沒有發言權的，所以C選項“他在公司里做重要決定時沒有發言權”正確。

3.細節事實題。題目提問‘大多數美國公司投入勞動力培訓的資金主要用于什么？根據文章第三段第二句‘Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalandmanagerialemployees.’可知，他們在培訓方面的投資也主要用在了技術和管理人員的身上。所以A選項“技術和管理人員”正確。

4.主旨大意題。題目提問‘這篇文章主題是什么？’文章主要談論如果競爭的優勢取決于工人的技術，那么美國的公司就遇到麻煩了。美國公司不正確的人才管理戰略，使它們的競爭能力受到了挑戰。所以A選項“美國公司的人力資源管理策略影響了它的競爭力”正確。

13.單選題

Atallagesandatallstagesoflife,fearpresentsaproblemtoalmosteveryone.“Wearelargelytheplaythingsofourfears,”wrotetheBritishauthorHoraceWalpolemanyyearsago.“Toone,fearofthedark;toanother,ofphysicalpain;toathird,ofpublicridicule;toafourth,ofpoverty;toafifth,ofloneliness—forallofusourparticularcreaturewaitsinahiddenplace.”

Fearisoftenausefulemotion.Whenyoubecomefrightened,manyphysicalchangesoccurwithinyourbody.Yourheartbeatandresponsesquicken;yourpupilsexpandtoadmitmorelight;largequantitiesofenergy-producingadrenaline（腎上激素）arepouredintoyourbloodstream.Confrontedwithafireoraccident,fearcanfuellife-savingflight（逃離）.Similarly,whenadangerispsychologicalratherthanphysical,fearcanforceyoutotakeself-protectivemeasures.Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.

Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.Avisittothenewbornnurseryofanylargehospitalwilldemonstratethat,fromthemomentoftheirbirths,afewfortunateinfantsrespondcalmlytosuddenfear-producingsituationssuchasaloudlyslammeddoor.Yetaneighborinthenextbedmaycryoutwithprofoundfright.Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.

Further,psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.AyoungmannamedBill,forexample,grewupwithafatherwhoregardedeachadversityasatemporaryobstacletobeovercomewithimaginationandcourage.Usinghisfatherasamodel,Billcametowelcomeadventureandtotrusthisownabilitytosolveproblem.

Phil’sdad,however,spentmostofhistimetryingtoprotecthimselfandhisfamily.Afraidtorisktheinsecurityofajobchange,heremainedunhappyinoneposition.Heavoidedlongvacationsbecause“thecarmightbreakdown.”Growingupinsuchahome?Philnaturallylearnedtobecomefearfulandtense.

1.InthelastsentenceofParagraph1,"ourparticularcreature"refersto（）.

2.Fearcanbeausefulemotiontousbecauseitcan（）.

3.Fearbecomesaproblemonlywhen（）.

4.Differentresponsesofnewborninfantstoaloudlyslammeddoorimplythat（）.

5.Psychologistshavefoundthatourlaterfearsaredeterminedlargelybyour（）.

問題1選項

A.fearofsomething

B.afiercebeast

C.physicalpain

D.publicridicule

問題2選項

A.stimulatemanyphysicalchangeswithinourbody

B.quickenourheartbeatandresponses

C.pourlargequantitiesofadrenalineintoourbloodstream

D.helpusrespondquicklytodangerandprotectourselves

問題3選項

A.thedangeristhoughtgreaterthanitreallyis

B.thedangerismorepsychologicalthanphysical

C.onecannotstandthedanger

D.oneisnotwellpreparedforit

問題4選項

A.somepeopleareinherentlymoreeasilyaffectedbydanger

B.people'sresponsetostimuliisnotaninheritedfeature

C.somepeopleseemtobeverysensitivetonoise

D.peoplesometimesseemtoturnadeafeartonoise

問題5選項

A.homeeducation

B.schooleducation

C.parents'lifestyle

D.earlyexperiences

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據上文提到的，恐懼對每個人來說幾乎都是一個問題，每個人害怕的事物不一樣，所以這里提到的我們這些特殊的生物是指對某種事物感到害怕。選項A正確，選項B,C,D都是指某一類人害怕的東西，不能以偏概全，所以錯誤。

2.根據第二段的內容可知，恐懼是一種有用的情感是因為它能幫助我們面對危險時快速做出反應并自我保護。選項D符合原文。其他選項都只涉及生理反應而忽略了心理反應，太片面。

3.根據第二段的最后一句“Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.”只有當恐懼與眼前的危險不成比例時，它才會成為一個問題。也就是說，當危險被認為比實際上更大時，恐懼就會成為一個問題。選項A正確。

4.根據第三段第一句“Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.”有些人只是比其他人更容易受到恐懼的影響。以及第三段的最后一句“Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.”從出生開始，他或她更容易學習恐懼的反應，因為他或她遺傳了一種更敏感的傾向。選項A符合原文。

5.根據第四段的第一句“psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.”可知選項D正確。

14.單選題

WeareundertakingasurveytoevaluatetheextenttowhichtheeducationalsystemthatexistsinChinatodayanswerstheneedsofsociety.

問題1選項

A.areundertaking

B.theextenttowhich

C.answers

D.ofsociety

E.沒有問題

【答案】E

15.單選題

Hefailedtocarryoutsomeoftheprovisionsofthecontract,andnowhehasto（）theconsequences.

問題1選項

A.runinto

B.answerfor

C.complywith

D.abideby

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。runinto“遭遇，陷入”；answerfor“因……而受罰”；complywith“遵守，照做”；abideby“遵守，信守”。根據前面的“他沒有履行合同中的一些條款”可知，他應該為此負責，選項B符合題意。

16.單選題

ElizabethHolmes:HolmesiswheretheheartisTheranos'sbosssayshermissionextendsbeyondmakingafortune.TECHentrepreneursoftenhavetheirowndistinctiveuniforms.ForFacebook'sMarkZuckerberg,itisjeansandahoodie.ForthelateSteveJobs,itwasjeansandblackturtleneck.ElizabethHolmeshasplumpedforsomethingsmartermatchingblackjacket,trousersandturtleneck.Itsaveshavingtodecidewhattoweareachmorning,shesayswithtypicalsingle-mindedness.

Attheageof19MsHolmeshadanideaabouttoimprovethewaybloodtestsaredone.SoshedroppedoutofStanfordUniversity,whereshewasstudyingchemicalengineering,andwithmoneythathadbeensetasideforhercollegeeducationshequietlyfoundedTheranos,adiagnosticscompany.Thatwasin2003.Shesaysshespentthenexttenyearsin"stealthmode,withoutpressreleasesorevenacompanywebsite.Duringthattimesheperfectedawayofdoinghundredsoftestscheaplyandquicklyonadropofblood,usinglab-on-a-chiptechnology.

Today,aged31,sheisestimatedbyForbesmagazinetobeworth$4.7billion,andthustobetheworld'syoungestself-madefemalebillionaire.Sheistheauthor,andco-author,ofnumerouspatentsandpatentapplications.YetMsHolmesseemsuninterestedinmoneyorkudos.

Shesayshermissionistousetestingtohelppeoplestayhealthy.Shewantstodetectdiseasessuchasdiabetes,cancersandheartdiseasefarearlier,beforetheyproducesymptoms,andindoingsosavelives.AdmirershavecomparedhertotechnologytitanslikeJobs.Butherfocusonhumanity'sbigproblemsmakeshermorelikeElonMusk,whowantsnotjusttomakemoneybuildingspacerocketsandelectriccars,buttocoloniseotherplanetsandsavethisonefromclimatechange.

ThisweekMsHolmesannouncedthatshewastakinghermissionbeyondAmerica'sborders,bylaunchinganot-for-profitprojecttobringcheapmedicalteststoMexicowithbackingfromCarlosSlim,aMexicantelecomsmagnate.Theranosisstillprivatelyowned—MsHolmessayssheholdsmorethan50%ofitsstock-andremainssecretiveaboutitsrevenuestreamsandplans.Althoughitishardtoknowifthecompanymeritsitsrichvaluation,oneencouragingsignforotherinvestorsisthecompany'sstellarboardofdirectors.Itincludestwoformersecretariesofstate(GeorgeShultzandHenryKissinger)andanumberofhigh-profileinvestorsincludingLarryEllisonofOracle.Ifanabilitytowinoverluminariesisadiagnostictestforthehealthofyoungcompanies,Theranospasses.

1.ElizabethHolmes'missioninbusinessis（）?

2.ElizabethHolmesisalwaysin（）?

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTTRUE?

4.MsHolmesislikeElonMuskin（）?

5.Twoformersecretariesofstateandanumberofhigh-profileinvestorsarelistedto（）.

問題1選項

A.tohelppeoplestayhealthy

B.toimprovethewaybloodtestsaredone

C.tomakeafortune

D.todetectdiseases

問題2選項

A.jeansandblackturtleneck

B.jeansandahoodie

C.blackjacketandturtleneck

D.jeansandtrousers

問題3選項

A.MsHolmesknewhowtoimprovethewaybloodtestsaredone

B.MsHolmeswasdroppedoutofStanfordUniversity

C.MsHolmesstudiedchemicalengineeringatStanfordUniversity

D.MsHolmesestablishedacompanybyherself.

問題4選項

A.makingmoneyintheirownbusiness

B.colonizingotherplanetsandsavethisonefromclimatechange

C.becomingtechnologytitans

D.protectinghumanbeingsoftheworld.

問題5選項

A.showgreatyouthofthecompany.

B.showgreatsuccessofthecompany.

C.showgreatstructureofthecompany

D.showgreatpromiseofthecompany

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節事實題。根據題干關鍵詞定位至第五段:Shesayshermissionistousetestingtohelppeoplestayhealthy(她說她的責任是通過這些測驗讓人們保持健康)。因此A項“以幫助人們保持健康”正確。

2.細節事實題。第一段指出:ElizabethHolmeshasplumpedforsomethingsmartermatchingblackjacket,trousersandturtleneck(伊麗莎白?福爾摩斯喜歡更時髦的黑色夾克、褲子和高領毛衣)。因此，C項“黑夾克和高領毛衣”正確。

3.判斷推理題。第二段指出:Attheageof19MsHolmeshadanideaabouthowtoimprovethewaybloodtestsaredone(霍姆斯19歲時就有了一個改進驗血方法的想法)。因此，A項“霍姆斯知道改進血液檢測的方法”不符合原文所述。

4.判斷推理題。根據題干定位至倒數第二段:Butherfocusonhumanity'sbigproblemsmakeshermorelikeElonMusk,whowantsnotjusttomakemoneybuildingspacerocketsandelectriccars,buttocoloniesotherplanetsandsavethisonefromclimatechange(但她對人類大問題的關注使她更像埃隆?馬斯克，他不僅想通過制造太空火箭和電動汽車賺錢，還想殖民其他星球，把這個星球從氣候變化中拯救出來)。因此，本題選D項“保護地球上的人類”。

5.判斷推理題。最后一段指出:Althoughitishardtoknowifthecompanymeritsitsrichvaluation，oneencouragingsignforotherinvestorsisthecompany'sstellarboardofdirectors(盡管很難知道該公司是否值得其豐厚的估值，但對其他投資者來說，一個令人鼓舞的跡象是該公司出色的董事會)。由此可知，列出兩位前國務卿和一些知名投資者是為了展現公司的巨大前景。故選D。

17.翻譯題

Putthefollowing5sentencesintoChinese.Writethemintheproperspacesonyouranswersheet.

TheAll-ChinaFederationofWomenhasrecentlydroppedthelabelandnowrefersto‘old’unmarriedwomen—buttheleftoverexpressionremainswidelyusedelsewhere.

Theprotoplanetwouldtaketensofthousandsofyearstogrowup,andscientistshopetostudytheentityandgleaninsightsintohowitwascreatedandhowitmightevolve.

Humanlongevityhasimprovedsorapidlyoverthepastcenturythat72isthenew30,scientistshaveclaimed.Moreover,itisnolongerclearwherethepossibleouterboundariesofhumanlifestand.

Thebestwaytocleanyourglassesistorunthemunderwarmwaterandputatinydropofdishwashingdetergentonthetipofyourfingerstocreatealatheronthelens.Thenrinsewithwarmwater,anddiywithaclean,softcottoncloth.

Innovativecompaniesareledbyinnovativechiefexecutives.Theyspendtheirtimeaskingprovocativequestions,observingtheworldlikeanthropologists,networkingwithpeoplewhodon'tthink,actortalklikethem.

Ifyou'retakingrisks,andyouprobablyshould,youcanfindyourselffailing90%ofthetime.Thetrickistogetpaidwhileyou'redoingthefailingandtousetheexperiencetogainskillsthatwillbeusefullater.Weshouldbetaughtthatfailureisaprocess,notanobstacle.

Thefollowingthreebasicprocessespromisehelpwithgreatinefficiency:collectingtasksandprojectsfromallyournotebooks,calendarsandfilesintooneorganizingsystem;decidingonthenextstepsanddesiredoutcomesforeachitem;andmakingahabitoffrequentlycheckingandupdatingyourto-dosandplans.

Studiesshowthatatleasthalfofthevariationinintelligencequotientisinherited.ButwhilescientistshaveidentifiedsomegenesthatcansignificantlylowerIQinpeopleafflictedwithmentalretardation,forexampletrulyimportantgenesthataffectnormalIQvariationhaveyettobepinneddown.

Accordingtoscientists,sendingyourchildtopianoorviolinlessonsinabidtoboosttheiracademicachievementisawasteofmoney.Althoughresearchhasshownthatyoungsterswhotakemusiclessonsaremorelikelytobetopoftheirclass,psychologistGlennclaimsthislinkismisleading.

Moneymakestheworldgoround,butitisnotthekeytohappiness,accordingtootherstudies.In2008,asurveyfromtheOfficeforNationalStatisticsfoundthatBritishfamilieswerehealthierandtwiceaswelloffastheywere20yearsago,butarenohappier.

【答案】中國婦聯近日己經棄用“剩女”一詞，改用“大齡未婚女青年”，但是“剩女”一詞在其它地方還是被廣泛使用。

原行星的形成需要經歷成千上萬年。科學家仍希望對它展開研究，以便了解它的誕生和演變。

科學家宣稱，過去100年間人類平均壽命快速延長，以至于現在的72歲相當于過去的30歲。另外，人類壽命的可能極限不再清晰。

清潔眼鏡的最佳方式是將其在溫水下沖洗，在指尖滴一小滴洗潔精，在鏡片上打出泡沫，然后用溫水洗凈，并用干凈柔軟的棉布擦干。

創新型的公司都有創新型的領袖。他們總是提出發人深省的問題，像人類學家那樣觀察世界，與思維、行事或言談跟自己不同的人交往。

如果你鋌而走險，而且是不得不這么干的時候，就會發現十有八九是要失敗的。關鍵是要在失敗的過程中積累經驗，提升能力為將來做準備。我們要明白，失敗是一個過程，而不是一個障礙。

以下三個基本過程能夠幫助改善效率極端低下的狀況：1、將所有的筆記本的任務和項目進行匯總，按日歷和文件類別形成組織化系統；2、確定每個項目的下一個步驟與預期結果；3、養成經常檢查與更新待辦事項和計劃的習慣。

研究表明：至少有一半的智商的變異是遺傳的。但是科學家們已經鑒定出可以降低智商的部分基因，例如：智力發育遲緩人群。然而，影響正常智商變化的極為重要的基因還尚未確定。

科學家稱，為了提高孩子的學習成績而把孩子送去學彈鋼琴或拉小提琴，純屬浪費錢。盡管有研究顯示，學音樂的小孩更可能在班上名列前茅，但心理學家格倫指出，將這兩者聯系在一起有誤導性。

其他的研究則發現，金錢讓世界運轉，但不是幸福的要素。2008年，英國國家統計局的一項調查發現，英國家庭的健康狀況比20年前更好，收入也是20年前的兩倍，但是英國人并沒有比20年前更幸福。

18.單選題

Mr.ObamaisthefirstpresidentsinceRichardM.Nixontobe______andelectedwhilelivinginacityneighborhood.

問題1選項

A.appointed

B.nominated

C.represented

D.positioned

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項appointed“任命；約定；命令；受權處置的”；B選項nominated“提名……為候選人；任命的”；C選項represented“代表；表現；描寫”；D選項positioned“放置；確定……的位置”。句意：奧巴馬是自理查德?M?尼克松（RichardM.Nixon）以來，第一位居住在城市社區并被提名和選舉的總統。根據句意，C項以及D項都可排除，A項appointed的意思是“任命；委任”，指不經過選擇的官方委任，也可排除。B選項nominated通常指為某一公職的候選人，因此B選項正確。

19.單選題

MalaysiaandIndonesiarelymuchonopenmarketsforforestandfisheryproducts,（

）,someAsiancountriesarehighlyprotectionist.

問題1選項

A.deliberately

B.conversely

C.evidently

D.naturally

【答案】B

【解析】考察副詞詞義辨析。deliberately“故意地，謹慎地”；conversely“相反地”；evidently“顯然，明顯地”；naturally“自然地”。句意：馬來西亞和印度尼西亞依靠林業和漁業產品開放市場。相反，亞洲一些國家實行高度的保護。選項B符合題意。

20.單選題

ThestatusofwomenincolonialNorthAmericahasbeenwellstudiedanddescribedandcanbebrieflysummarized.Throughoutthecolonialperiodtherewasamarkedshortageofwomen,whichvariedwiththeregionsandwasalwaysgreatestinthefrontierareas.Thisfavorableratioenhancedwomen’sstatusandpositionandallowedthemtopursuedifferentcareers.ThePuritans,thereligioussectthatdominatedtheearlyBritishcoloniesinNorthAmerica,regardedidlenessasasin,andbelievedthatlifeinanunderdevelopedcountrymadeitabsolutelynecessarythateachmemberofthecommunityperformaneconomicfunction.Thusworkforwomen,marriedorsingle,wasnotonlyapproved,itwasregardedasacivicduty.Puritantowncouncilsexpectedwidowsandunattachedwomentobeself-supportingandforalongtimeprovidedneedyspinsterswithparcelsofland.Therewasnosocialsanctionagainstmarriedwomenworking；onthecontrary,wiveswereexpectedtohelptheirhusbandsintheirtradeandwonsocialapprovalfordoingextraworkinoroutofthehome.Needychildren,girlsaswellasboys,wereindenturedorapprenticedandwereexpectedtoworkfortheirkeep.

Thevastmajorityo￡womenworkedwithintheirhomes,wheretheirlaborproducedmostarticlesneededforthefamily.Theentirecolonialproductionofclothandclothingandpartiallythatofshoeswasinthehandsofwomen.Inadditiontotheseoccupations,womenwerefoundinmanydifferentkindsofemployment.Theywerebutchers,silversmiths,gunsmiths,upholsterers.Theytanmills,plantations,tanyards,shipyards,andeverykindofshop,tavern,andboardinghouse.Theyweregatekeepers,jailkeepers,sextons,journalists,printers,apothecaries,midwives,nurses,andteachers.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthePuritanwere（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidthePuritansexpectfrommarriedwomen?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichproductsweremadeentirelybywomen?

問題1選項

A.Colonialmarriages.

B.ThePuritanreligion.

C.Colonialwomen’semployment.

D.Educationinthecolonies.

問題2選項

A.uneducated

B.hardworking

C.generous

D.wealthy

問題3選項

A.Theyshouldadoptneedychildren.

B.Theyshouldassistintheirhusbands’tradeorbusiness.

C.Theyshouldworkonlywithintheirownhomes.

D.Theyshouldbeapprenticed.

問題4選項

A.Gunpowderandbullets.

B.Cupsandplates.

C.Clothandclothing.

D.Paperandbooks

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.主旨題。根據文章第一段，殖民時期因為女性人數很少，所以對她們的社會地位和就業產生了有利影響，女性可以有自己的職業選擇。所以文章主要是討論女性的就業。選項C符合題意。

2.推斷題。根據文章第一段，“ThePuritans,thereligioussectthatdominatedtheearlyBritishcoloniesinNorthAmerica,regardedidlenessasasin,”，他們認為懶惰是一種罪惡，可是清教徒是勤勞的。選項B符合題意。

3.細節理解題。根據文章第一段，“wiveswereexpectedtohelptheirhusbandsintheirtradeandwonsocialapprovalfordoingextraworkinoroutofthehome.”丈夫期待妻子可以在他們的領域內幫助他們，并且可以從事額外的行業。選項B符合題意。

4.細節理解題。根據文章第二段，“Theentirecolonialproductionofclothandclothingandpartiallythatofshoeswasinthehandsofwomen.”可知，布料和服裝都是女性親手做的。選項C符合題意。

21.單選題

Aninterestingtheoryineconomicsis（1）bytheHeadManofasmallmountaintribe.Itseemsthatthistribewasverygoodatmakingstrawmatsthathadgreatsales

（2）

inthe

（3）

market.TherepresentativeofanAmericancompanywenttovisitthetribeandtriedtomakeagoodbusinessdeal.He

（4）

totheHeadManand

（5）

thathiscompanywouldliketo

（6）

severalthousandpieces.

Undoubtedly,hesaid,thebusiness

（7）

wouldbe

（8）

tothetribe.Aftersomethoughts,theHeadMan

（9）

,butannouncedthatthepriceperpiecewouldbe

（10）

insucha

（11）

orderthanitwouldbeif

（12）

asmallorderwereplaced.Ther