1、大學英語（2）詞匯學習Many Drops Make a Shower ！大學英語（2）詞匯學習Many Drops Make a一、詞匯學習的難點背（記憶）的問題一、詞匯學習的難點背（記憶）的問題背單詞的幾個誤區注意英漢造字差異 : 表音 vs 表意 blade 刃(刀+開口)死記硬背 不加揣摩不得規律不善比較不重實踐急功近利背單詞的幾個誤區注意英漢造字差異 : 表音 突破詞匯關 = 科學方法 + 毅力 + 時間突破詞匯關 = 科學方法 + 毅力 + 時間背單詞方法協同：眼，心，手，嘴，耳。構詞法分類法閱讀法趣味法背單詞方法協同：眼，心，手，嘴，耳。記憶的奧秘記憶的奧秘人類左右半腦的不同功能

2、左腦:邏輯、語言、數字、順序 右腦:曲調、旋律、圖形、聯想死記硬背 = 僅僅使用了左腦 右腦背單詞 = 運用右腦的聯想功能人類左右半腦的不同功能左腦:邏輯、語言、數字、順序艾賓浩斯遺忘曲線及其啟示艾賓浩斯遺忘曲線及其啟示專升本英語2詞匯學習課件記憶的形成過程輸入的信息在經過人的注意過程的學習后，便成為了人的短時的記憶，但是如果不經過及時的復習，這些記住過的東西就會遺忘，而經過了及時的復習，這些短時的記憶就會成為了人的一種長時的記憶，從而在大腦中保持著很長的時間。 記憶的形成過程輸入的信息在經過人的注意過程的學習后，便成為了單詞剛剛背完時遺忘的速度最快，這意味著越是新背的單詞，對他的復習密度就應

3、該越大，而這時復習也最有效最容易。另外，單詞越熟悉，遺忘越慢，這就意味著對于已經復習過幾遍的單詞，復習的時間間隔可以延長。心理學研究者確定了幾個比較重要的復習時間節點，分別是首次記憶之后5分鐘，30分鐘，12小時（半天），1天，2天，4天，7天，15天，30天單詞剛剛背完時遺忘的速度最快，這意味著越是新背的單詞，對他的不同性質材料的不同的遺忘曲線 凡是理解了的知識，就能記得迅速、全面而牢固。愣是死記硬背，是費力不討好的。比較容易記憶的是那些有意義的材料，而無意義的材料在記憶的時候比較費力，回憶的時候也不輕松。 不同性質材料的不同的遺忘曲線 凡是理解了的知識，就能記得迅速趣味性越強，越容易被記憶

4、。 盡可能通過聯想、想象賦予單詞趣味性。roar: （vi.） 聯想“獅吼” 咆哮solemn: （adj.） 聯想“受冷” 莊嚴的，嚴肅的趣味性越強，越容易被記憶。越是有規律，越容易被記憶通過構詞法、拼寫規則記憶committee，cabbage, tomato, cotton, museum, common 對稱記憶Out of question, out of the question: 差別在于單詞the。有the 就有問題，沒有the就沒有問題。越是有規律，越容易被記憶應景性的東西容易被記憶通過組詞、朗讀課文、閱讀等方式記憶單詞。Come and sit by my side if

5、you love me. Do not hasten to bid me adieu（說再見）。 應景性的東西容易被記憶From this valley They say you are going, I shall miss your sweet face And your smile, For they say You are taking the sunshine That brightens our pathway a while. Come and sit by my side if you love me, Do not haste to bid me adieu, But rem

6、ember the Red River Valley, And the girl that has loved you so true.Won t you think of the valley you re leaving? Red River ValleyOh how lonely, how sad it will be, O think of the fond heart youre breaking And the grief you are causing. I have promised you, darling, That never will a word from my li

7、ps cause you pain; And my life, it will be yours forever If you only will love me again. From this valley They say y越是重復出現的越容易被記憶經常復習，經常使用單詞越是重復出現的越容易被記憶具有特異性的東西容易被記憶Turkey （土耳其） 小寫turkey 是“火雞”。China（中國）小寫china 是“瓷器”。具有特異性的東西容易被記憶越需要，越有利于記憶平時通過日記、作文、翻譯等途徑尋找需要去記單詞。專升本英語2詞匯學習課件無意識記憶有著意想不到的收獲。看廣告，瀏覽英文報

8、紙、雜志，看帶字幕的英文影視；生活物品的包裝袋可邊享用邊瞄一瞄其中的英語單詞。battery, shampoo, Co. Ltd.無意識記憶有著意想不到的收獲。背單詞方法分類法趣味法閱讀法構詞法背單詞方法分類法分類強化法分類強化法專升本英語2詞匯學習課件專升本英語2詞匯學習課件專升本英語2詞匯學習課件專升本英語2詞匯學習課件笑laugh 大笑 ，smile 微笑 ，giggle 咯咯地笑 ，grin 露齒笑 ，smirk 傻笑，sneer 冷笑，cackle 咯咯笑，snicker暗笑，偷笑 笑laugh 大笑 ，好吃delicious，yummy，toothsome，delicate，sav

9、ory ，tasty, appetizing, delectable, scrumptious, tasteful好吃delicious，romance（浪漫史）, logic（邏輯）, typhoon（臺風）, international（英特納雄耐爾）, microphone（麥克風）, copy（拷貝）, cartoon（卡通）, hamburger（漢堡包）, salad（色拉）, brandy（白蘭地）, whisky（威士忌）, Moslem（穆斯林）, sofa（沙發）, cool（酷）, engine（引擎）, motor（摩托）, bar（巴）, Canada（加拿大）, l

10、aser（雷射）, golf（高爾夫球）,tofu（豆腐）趣味法romance（浪漫史）, Moslem（穆斯林）, 趣味法hyphen 還分？ 連字符hermit“何處覓她” 隱士 scrooge“死固執”吝嗇的 howl“號、嚎”咆哮，大聲哭笑 torrid“太熱的”酷熱的 lynch“凌遲”私刑處死 dolt“逗他”蠢人 appall“我怕”驚駭 gaggle“嘎嘎” 鵝叫聲ponderous“胖得要死”笨重的 taboo“他不“忌諱 sting“死?！倍ＯU jabber“結巴“說話不清楚 hyphen 還分？ 連字符空間記憶法空間記憶法一詞多性，一詞多義, 近義混淆Never trou

11、ble trouble till trouble troubles you.The man who was fired for setting fire opened fire on his boss.一詞多性，一詞多義, 近義混淆Never trouble t閱讀背詞英文報中英文對照小說手機閱讀軟件（推手）閱讀理解練習完型填空練習英文網站閱讀背詞英文報用構詞法背單詞派生（Derivation）合成（Compound）轉換（Conversion）縮略【前綴/后綴】【詞性轉變】用構詞法背單詞派生（Derivation）【前綴/后綴】【詞派生法前綴：一般不改變原詞的詞性，只改變其詞義。后綴：改變了

12、原詞的詞性，有時可改變其詞義。派生法前綴：一般不改變原詞的詞性，只改變其詞義。前 綴否定錯誤反動作相反相對時空關系in-, ig-, il, im, ir, un-, non-, dis-, mis-mis-, male-, mal-, pseudo-,de-, dis-, un-, anti-, ant-contra-, contre-, contro-,ob-, oc-, of-, op-,with-,ex-, ec-, es-,外部，外extra-, 額外fore- 在前面inter-, intel-, 在間，相互intro-, 向內，在內，內側medi-, med-, mid-, 中，

13、中間其他re重復、再over過度super超出tele遠vice副en使前 綴否定錯誤反動作相反相對時空關系in-, ig-, il后 綴名詞性形容詞性動詞性副詞性動作者，人-er, -or-ar, -arian,-eer, -man, -ees-ist, -ian-ant, -ent場所-ary, -ory-ics, -logy學科抽象-al, -ance,-ence, -hood,-ion, -ment,-ness, -ship,-sure, -th, -ty多，充滿類似具有性質主被動由制成方向使成為-ate, -en, -fy, -ize-ly, -ward, -wise-ful, -o

14、us, -y-ern-en-able，-ible，-ive-al, -ant，-ar, -ary-ent, -ial-ic, -ory-ish-like-ly-some-less 無后 綴名詞性形容詞性動詞性副詞性動作者，人-er, -or場understandmisunderstandhappy-unhappyhappy-happilyhappy-happinesscare-careful-carefullycare-careless-carelesslycare-carelessnessunderstandmisunderstandcorrectcorrectionincorrectind

15、ependentdependdependabledisable disabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilitywrongmistakenmistakemisunderstandunderstandundergraduategraduategraduationn.反義獨立的詞根adj.殘疾的n.不可能的n.反義n.誤解詞根大學生詞根n.近義反義Words Buildingcorrectcorrectionincorrectindecorrectcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisable disabil

16、ityimpossiblepossiblepossibilityexpressioneducationwrongmistakenmistakemisunderstandunderstandundergroundundergraduategraduategraduationunderwaysubwaysubtitlealwayssidewaysn教育 表達O獨立的rootadj殘疾的n不可能的OnSSn誤解root大學生rootn地下的地下通道地鐵副標題總是correctcorrectionincorrectinde合成法止痛藥pain-killer合成法止痛藥pain-killercolor-

17、 blind色盲color- blind色盲夢游sleep-walker夢游sleep-walkerclassroomnewspaperschool boyblackboardgreen-houseclassroomblackboardpick pocket drive wayover coat underclothessleep walkheart beat headachehandshakepick pocket homesick snowwhiteworld widegood-looking hardworkingsecond-hand warm heartedmiddle-aged專升

18、本英語2詞匯學習課件fiveyearold sixinchtall sunbathe（進行日光?。ゝiveyearold 合詞法smog motelbrunchnewscast heliport= smoke + fog = motor + hotel= breakfast + lunch= news + broadcast= helicopter + port合詞法smog = smoke + fog = motor 轉換法water water v. 澆水hand hand v. 遞交facefacev. 面對fool foolv. 愚弄名詞轉換為動詞轉換法water water v. 澆

19、水名詞轉換為動dry dry v. 使變干freefree v. 使自由emptyempty v.倒空形容詞轉化為動詞dry dry v. 使變干形容詞轉化為動詞take a walkhave a lookhave a trycook烹飪a cook廚師 cheat欺騙a cheat騙子 turn轉彎 a turn 轉彎處動詞轉化為名詞take a walk動詞轉化為名詞1. He was one of the best _ in yesterdays football match. (play)2. Look! How _ Kate is laughing! (happy)3. It sno

20、wed _ last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy)4. Edison was a great _. During his life he had many _. (invent)players happily heavily inventor inventions 構詞法精練1. He was one of the best _5. More and more _ have come to visit China over these years. （foreign）6. We want _ reasons f

21、or your failure to help. (satisfy)7. Please give me some reference work. It will _ my task. (simple)8. The boy had the _ of being half starved. (appear)9. The police have _ a plot against the President. (cover)10. The doctor said that Marys mother needed an _.(operate) foreigners satisfactory simpli

22、fy appearance uncovered operation 5. More and more _ hav11. She hoped that her son would become a _. (music)12. Few _ words made us excited. (speak)13. The days on the moon get hotter than _ water. (boil)14. Thank you for your _. (kind)15. Many college students work while they are studying because t

23、hey want to make some money for their college _ . (expensive)16. Most international _ letters are written in English, too. (busy)musician spoken boiling kindness expenses business 11. She hoped that her son wou17. The boy noticed an _ mistake on his paper, but he decided not to say anything about it

24、. (correct)18. When in Rome, do as the _ do. (Rome)19. The teacher was pleased with her _. (honest)20. The mother didnt know why her daughter was crying _. (noise) uncorrected Romans honesty noisily 17. The boy noticed an _記單詞時，眼到、口到、手到、心到。用幾分鐘時間仔細觀察該詞結構，找出特點，聯想。 適時復習，不斷重復。記與訓練結合：日記、作文、練習、翻譯、口語。特別注意

25、容易拼錯的地方，尋找各種辦法加深印象。利用個人的最佳記憶時段背單詞，切忌貪多，時間控制在一個半個小時以內。 單詞記憶建議 記單詞時，眼到、口到、手到、心到。用幾分鐘時間仔細觀察該詞結二、詞匯考試重點詞義理解短語理解同義詞辨析固定搭配二、詞匯考試重點詞義理解考試大綱要求領會式掌握4500個單詞，以及由這些詞構成的常用詞組、固定搭配等。 常用詞組是考查的重點，要么出現在詞匯試題中，要么出現在完形填空中，是記憶的重點。存在問題：廣度不夠，深度不夠（多義、誤用、搭配）考試大綱要求領會式掌握4500個單詞，以及由這些詞構成的常用詞義理解The rain was heavy and _ the land

26、was flooded.A. consequently B. constantly C. continuously D. consistently轉折：however, nevertheless, still, conversely, anyway, notwithstanding遞進：besides, moreover, furthermore因果：therefore, thus, accordingly, consequently詞義理解The rain was heavy and _There is an undesirable _ nowadays to make films show

27、ing violence.A. directionB. phenomenonC. traditionD. trendThere is an undesirable _ n短語理解They _ in spite of the extremely conditions.A. carried outB. carried onC. carried off D. carried forwardImportant people dont often have much time as their work _ all the time.A. takes awayB. takes upC. takes ov

28、erD. takes in短語理解They _ in spite of the 同義詞辨析Children and old people do not like having their daily _ upset.A. habitB. practiceC. routineD. customThe branches could hardly _ the weight of the fruit.A. retainB. sustainC. maintainD. remain同義詞辨析Children and old people 固定搭配It was difficult to guess what

29、 her _ to the news would be.A. impressionB. commentC. reactionD. opinion固定搭配It was difficult to guess學位英語詞匯基礎練習 1. Our manager is _ an important customer now and he will be back this afternoon. A. calling onB. calling in C. calling up D. calling for2. I must congratulate you _ the excellent design o

30、f the new bridge. A. with B. of C. at D. on3. I was so _ in todays history lesson. I didnt understand a thing.A. amazed B. neglected C. confused D. amused4. The soldier was _ of running away when the enemy attacked. A. scolded B. charged C. accused D. punished 5. I caught a _ of the taxi before it d

31、isappeared around the corner of the street. A. vision B. glimpse C. look D. scene 學位英語詞匯基礎練習 1. Our manager is _學位英語詞匯基礎練習 1. Our manager is _ an important customer now and he will be back this afternoon. A. calling onB. calling in C. calling up D. calling for2. I must congratulate you _ the excelle

32、nt design of the new bridge. A. with B. of C. at D. on3. I was so _ in todays history lesson. I didnt understand a thing.A. amazed B. neglected C. confused D. amused4. The soldier was _ of running away when the enemy attacked. A. scolded B. charged C. accused D. punished 5. I caught a _ of the taxi

33、before it disappeared around the corner of the street. A. vision B. glimpse C. look D. scene 學位英語詞匯基礎練習 1. Our manager is _6. The student was just about to _ the question when he suddenly found the answer. A. arrive atB. submit to C. work out D. give up 7. The plane _ , its bombs exploding as it str

34、uck the ground. A. smashed B. crushed C. plunged D. crashed8. A completely new situation will _ when the examination system comes into existence.A. arise B. rise C. raise D. arouse9. Most people who travel in the course of their work are given traveling _. A. income B. wages C. allowances D. pay 10.

35、 He will surely finish the job on time _ hes left to do it in his own way.A. in that B. in case C. as far as D. so long as11. Our journey was slow because the trained stopped _ at different villages.A. unceasingly B. gradually C. continuously D. continually6. The student was just about 6. The studen

36、t was just about to _ the question when he suddenly found the answer. A. arrive atB. submit to C. work out D. give up 7. The plane _ , its bombs exploding as it struck the ground. A. smashed B. crushed C. plunged D. crashed8. A completely new situation will _ when the examination system comes into e

37、xistence.A. arise B. rise C. raise D. arouse9. Most people who travel in the course of their work are given traveling _. A. income B. wages C. allowances D. pay 10. He will surely finish the job on time _ hes left to do it in his own way.A. in that B. in case C. as far as D. so long as11. Our journe

38、y was slow because the trained stopped _ at different villages.A. unceasingly B. gradually C. continuously D. continually6. The student was just about 12. I hope that youll be more careful in typing the letter. Dont _ anything.A. lack B. withdrawC. omit D. leak 13. After several nuclear disasters(災難

39、), a _ has raged(上升) over the safety nuclear energy.A. quarrelB. suspicion C. verdict D. controversy 14. Before he stared work, I asked the builder to give me an _ of the cost of repairing the roof.A. assessment B. estimate C. announcement D. evaluation 15. Her parents will never _ to such an unsuit

40、able marriage. A. approve B. consent C. confront D. collide 16. In this company, this is not the kind of treatment I am _ to.A. in favor B. willing C. accustomed D. certainly17. We love peace, yet we are not the kind of people to yield _ any military threat(武力威脅).A. on B. to C. in D. with12. I hope

41、that youll be more12. I hope that youll be more careful in typing the letter. Dont _ anything.A. lack B. withdrawC. omit D. leak 13. After several nuclear disasters(災難), a _ has raged(上升) over the safety nuclear energy.A. quarrelB. suspicion C. verdict D. controversy 14. Before he started work, I as

42、ked the builder to give me an _ of the cost of repairing the roof.A. assessment B. estimate C. announcement D. evaluation 15. Her parents will never _ to such an unsuitable marriage. A. approve B. consent C. confront D. collide 16. In this company, this is not the kind of treatment I am _ to.A. in f

43、avor B. willing C. accustomed D. certainly17. We love peace, yet we are not the kind of people to yield _ any military threat(武力威脅).A. on B. to C. in D. with12. I hope that youll be more18. Jim was late again, but this time he couldnt _ the reason.A. interpret B. speak C. take to D. account for 19.

44、As parents, you should treat your children _ as possible as you can.A. patiently B. slowly C. certainly D. similarly 20. The students were participating international energy-saving competitions between towns in New England and Canada. A. for B. in C. to D. at 補充重點詞語及短語：21. The newly invented machine

45、 is_. It refuses to work.A. out of date B. out of question C. out of order D. out of control 22. The construction of the railway through the mountainous region has been_by the heavy rain.A. held B. held on C. held up D. held in 23. Having a cup of tea while reading the newspaper is one of my favorit

46、e_. A. manners B. times C. occasions D. pastimes 24. Proverb goes that we should never judge a person by this look. The little man was_more than one meter fifty all. Yet he was the chief manager of the company.A. nearly B. quite C. hardly D. almost 18. Jim was late again, but th18. Jim was late agai

47、n, but this time he couldnt _ the reason.A. interpret B. speak C. take to D. account for 19. As parents, you should treat your children _ as possible as you can.A. patiently B. slowly C. certainly D. similarly 20. The students were participating international energy-saving competitions between towns

48、 in New England and Canada. A. for B. in C. to D. at 補充重點詞語及短語：21. The newly invented machine is_. It refuses to work.A. out of date B. out of question C. out of order D. out of control 22. The construction of the railway through the mountainous region has been_by the heavy rain.A. held B. held on C

49、. held up D. held in 23. Having a cup of tea while reading the newspaper is one of my favorite_. A. manners B. times C. occasions D. pastimes 24. Proverb goes that we should never judge a person by his look. The little man was_more than one meter fifty all. Yet he was the chief manager of the company.A. nearly B. quite C. hardly D. almost 18. Jim was late again, but th25. Though he claimed time and again that he had no intention to harm the girl，it does not alter the fact that he was the man for the death of her.A. accountingB. guilty C. responsible D. oblige