1、(浙江專用)2020版高考英語一輪復習專題十推理判斷閱讀課件(浙江專用)2020版高考英語一輪復習專題十推理判斷閱讀課件A組自主命題浙江卷題組五年高考Passage 1 (2018浙江11月,A)詞數:304The most welcome sight on a cold, wet winter night in London is the familiar shape of a London taxi cab approaching with its yellow “for hire” sign shining brightly. That shows it is ready to pick

2、 you up. Travelling by taxi in London is not just a way of going from one place to another. It is an experience to be enjoyed and remembered.The main reason for this is the drivers, who are called “cabbies.” Many of them are true Cock-neys. This means they were born in the heart of London and speak

3、their own special dialect(方言)of English. All of them know every street and famous building in the city, and all of them love to talk. A simple twenty-minute journey across town can become very interesting. You may have a discussion about the government and its leaders or a friendly talk about the dr

4、ivers Aunty Nellie! One thing is for sure, it will never be boring. Cabbies know all the latest news about film stars, the Royal Family, government leaders, and popular singers or actors and actresses.A組自主命題浙江卷題組五年高考Passage 1 (2They also know the best places to eat, shop and relax. And they can take

5、 you straight to any large hotel, department store, theatre or museum. They know the shortest way possible without even looking at a map, because everyone who wants to become a taxi driver must pass a very difficult examination in order to get a license to drive a taxi. The exam is called “The Knowl

6、edge.” It is a written test, and in it drivers are asked the shortest way from one place to another. They must take into account the time of dayin rush hour, a longer route(路線)may be quickerand describe the best way. Moreover they must never forget the one-way streets!1.From what can we tell that so

7、meone is a Cockney?A.Their interest.B.Their manners.C.Their speech. D.Their appearance.2.What does the author suggest by mentioning “Aunty Nellie” in paragraph 2?A.Passengers are full of curiosity.B.Cabbies topics are wide-ranging.C.Aunty Nellie is popular in London.D.Londoners are friendly to each

8、other.They also know the best places3.What is the purpose of “The Knowledge”?A.To qualify one to drive a taxi.B.To assess ones driving skills.C.To test drivers ability to write.D.To check taxi drivers memory.3.What is the purpose of “The 答案語篇解讀本文是說明文。文章介紹了倫敦出租車司機的特點。1.C細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Many of them are

9、 true Cockneys. This means they were born in the heart of London and speak their own special dialect of English.”可知,這里的Cock-neys指的是當地人,他們講特殊的方言。因此通過一個人的言語,我們能判斷他是不是倫敦東區人,故選C。2.B推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“You may have a discussion about the government and its leaders or a friendly talk about the drivers Aunty Nel

10、lie!”可知介紹乘客可以和司機談論很多事情,因此選B,意為“司機的聊天話題非常廣泛”。3.A推理判斷題。根據第三段的“.because everyone who wants to become a taxi driver must pass a very difficult examination in order to get a license to drive a taxi. The exam is called The Knowledge.”可知,想成為一名倫敦出租車司機,你必須通過這項很難的考試“The Knowl-edge”,因此這項考試的目的是使人們具備從事開出租車的資格。高考

11、熱詞pick.up用車接人take into account考慮one-way street單行道答案長難句原句:The most welcome sight on a cold, wet winter night in London is the familiar shape of a London taxi cab approaching with its yellow “for hire” sign shining brightly.分析:本句的主句是The most welcome sight is the familiar shape of a London taxi cab。ap-

12、proaching with its yellow “for hire” sign shining brightly是現在分詞作狀語。譯文:在倫敦寒冷、潮濕的冬夜里,人們最歡迎的景象就是那熟悉的倫敦出租車,閃著它那閃閃發光的黃色“空車”牌子向你駛來。長難句Passage 2 (2018浙江6月,A)詞數: 320In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a centurymost experts

13、 date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy(識字)rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like“By a la

14、dy.”Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their reader-ship and whose charact

15、ersfrom Oliver Twist to Tiny Timwere held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon(名人堂)of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top?For all the feelings readers atta

16、ch to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published duringPassage 2 (2018浙江6月,A)詞數: 320 the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. Its partly true that Dickens

17、 style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But its also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and lu

18、ck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th an-niversary of his birth approaches, it is possibleand important for our own cultureto understand how he made himself a lasting one.1.Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A.They were difficult to under

19、stand.B.They were popular among the rich.C.They were seen as nearly worthless.D.They were written mostly by women. the Victorian age, from 1837 2.Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress.A.his reputation in FranceB.his interest in modern artC.his success in publicationD.his impor

20、tance in literature3.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To remember a great writer.B.To introduce an English novel.C.To encourage studies on culture.D.To promote values of the Victorian age.2.Dickens is compared with the答案語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了英國小說的發展以及狄更斯在小說發展過程中的重要作用。1.C細節理解題。從第一段的整體敘述尤

21、其是最后一句Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.可知,在18世紀,小說被認為是幾乎沒有用的東西。A項:它們很難懂;B項:它們在富人中很受歡迎;D項:它們主要是由女人寫的。這三個選項均與文章不符。2.D推理判斷題。第二段主要介紹了狄更斯的重要地位,在本段的最后,作者把狄更斯和蒙娜麗莎相比就是為了突出他在文學上的重要性。故選D項。3.A推理判斷題。本文主要講述了狄更斯在小說發展史上的重要作用,尤其是文章最后一句But as the 200th anniversary of h

22、is birth approaches, it is possibleand important for our own cul-tureto understand how he made himself a lasting one.可知,作者呼吁人們要記住他,因此A項正確,意為“紀念一位偉大的作家”。B項:介紹一本英文小說;C項:鼓勵文化研究;D項:宣傳維多利亞時代的價值觀。這三個選項都不符合文章的主旨。答案高考熱詞professionally adv.職業地;專業地unchallenged adj.未引起質疑的casual adj.隨便的,不定期的,偶爾的長難句原句:In 1870, wh

23、en Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and pub-lisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose charactersfrom Oliver Twist to Tiny Timwere held up as moral touch-stones. 分析:when引導時間狀語從句,the world m

24、ourned him as its first professional writer and publisher是主句。who和whose均引導定語從句。譯文:1870年,當狄更斯去世的時候,全世界都沉痛悼念這個世界上第一位專業的作家和出版商;他非常出名,深受人們的喜愛。他使小說的出版和讀者人數急劇增加。他小說中的主人公從奧利弗特維斯特到小蒂姆被認為是道德的標準。高考熱詞professionally adv.職業地;專業Passage 3 (2017浙江6月,B)詞數: 288Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most America

25、n kids. According to a new survey(調查) by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7-to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% s

26、aid they had fallen asleep at school. How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day!Adults need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35

27、% of 10- to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime?Watch TV.“More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities(機會) to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone,” says Dr. Mary

28、 Carskadon, a sleep re-searcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all Passage 3 (2017浙江6月,B)詞數: 288excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called

29、 hormones not only make teenagers bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, school

30、s in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.1.What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on?A.American kids sleeping habits.B.Teenagers sleep-related diseases.C.Activities to prevent sleeplessness.D.Learning

31、 problems and lack of sleep.2.How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day?A.7 hours. B.8 hours.C.10 hours.D.18 hours.excited and make it hard for t3.Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon?A.They are affected by certain body chemicals.B.They tend to do things that excite

32、them.C.They follow their parents examples.D.They dont need to go to school early.3.Why do teenagers go to sleep答案語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國青少年的睡眠習慣及存在的問題。1.A細節理解題。根據文章第二句可知,該項調查主要關注的是美國青少年上床睡覺的時間,也就是他們的睡眠習慣,所以選 A。2.C細節理解題。根據文章第二段中的“For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal.”可知C項正確。3.B推理判斷題。根據文章倒數

33、第二段前兩句的內容可知選 B。高考熱詞according to 根據even though 盡管stay awake 醒著,不睡覺hormone n.荷爾蒙長難句原句:According to a new survey by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early.分析:這是一個復合句,even though引導一個讓步狀語從句。譯文:根據國家睡眠基金會做

34、的一項新的調查,51%的10歲到18歲的孩子在上學日的晚上10點或10點以后才上床睡覺,盡管他們得早早起床。答案Passage 4 (2016浙江10月,A)詞數:300Suddenly another thought went through Kates mind like an electric shock. An express train was due to go past about thirty minutes later. If it were not stopped, that long train, full of passengers, would fall into t

35、he stream. “Someone must go to the station and warn the station-master,” Kate thought. But who was to go? She would have to go herself. There was no one else.In wind and rain she started on her difficult way. Soon she was at the bridge that crossed the Des Moines River, a bridge also built of wood,

36、just like the bridge across Honey Creek. The storm had not washed this away, but there was no footpath across it. She would have to cross it by stepping from sleeper (枕木)to sleeper. With great care she began the dangerous crossing, sometimes on her hands and knees, hardly daring to look down between

37、 the sleepers into the wild flood waters be-low. If she should slip, she would fall between the sleepers, into the rapidly flowing stream.At lastshe never knew how long it had taken hershe felt solid ground under her feet. But there was no time to rest. She still had to run more than half a mile and

38、 had only a few minutes left. Un-less she reached the station before the express did, many, many lives would be lost.Passage 4 (2016浙江10月,A)詞數:300She did reach the station just as the train came into sight. Fortunately the station-master was stand-ing outside. “The bridge is down! Stop the train! Oh

39、, please stop it!” Kate shouted breathlessly.The station-master went pale. He rushed into the station building and came back with a signal light. He waved the red light as the train came into the station. It was not a second too early.1.What did Kate decide to do?A.Stop the express train.B.Check the

40、 signal light.C.Meet the passengers.D.Visit the station-master.2.Which of the following words best describes Kates journey?A.Fruitless.B.Boring.C.Well-planned. D.Risky.She did reach the station just3.Why did the station-master turn pale?A.He suddenly fell ill.B.He realized the danger.C.He discovered

41、 his mistake.D.He became over-excited.3.Why did the station-master t答案語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文,講述了Kate冒著生命危險挽救了一列火車的故事。由于文章是直接截取的一段故事,沒有自然的開頭,因此文字和情節都有一定的難度。解題時一定要仔細讀文章。第一題有一定的難度,解題時尤其要多讀,讀懂文章的開頭。1.A細節理解題。由文章第一段的“An express train was due to go past about thirty minutes later.There was no one else.”可知,一列高鐵將在三十分鐘后

42、通過大橋,如果沒有人事先預警,那一整列高鐵的乘客會直接落入急流當中,有生命危險;而除了她之外,沒有人能做這件事。故答案為A。2.D推理判斷題。文章第二段的第一句“In wind and rain she started on her difficult way”是一個提示;再由后面的“She would have to cross it by stepping from sleeper to sleeper.If she should slip, she would fall between the sleepers, into the rapidly flowing stream.”可知,由

43、于橋已被大雨沖毀,Kate需要踩在枕木上才能過河,甚至有時候還得趴在上面,以防她自己落入洶涌澎湃的急流中。可見這趟行程是極其兇險的。選項D符合題意。3.B推理判斷題。根據第四段及第五段的內容可推斷出他意識到了危險,故答案為B。答案長難句原句:With great care she began the dangerous crossing, sometimes on her hands and knees, hardly daring to look down between the sleepers into the wild flood waters below.分析:本句中with gre

44、at care作狀語。hardly daring to look down between the sleepers into the wild flood waters below是分詞作伴隨狀語。譯文:她非常小心地開始了危險的穿越,有時是用手和膝蓋,幾乎不敢看在枕木之間的滔滔洪水。長難句Passage 5 (2016浙江10月,C)詞數:279Digital technologyemail and smart phones especiallyhave vastly improved workers ability to be productive outside of a traditi

45、onal office. Even so, most white-collar work still happens in an office. One reason is that, according to findings of a new survey(調查) of office workers conducted by Wakefield Research for the IT company Citrix, most bosses are doubtful about remote work-ing. Half of the workers say their boss doesn

46、t accept it, and only 35 percent say its tolerated.Skeptical bosses will likely have their doubts reinforced (加深)by the same survey, which shows that 43 percent of workers say theyve watched TV or a movie while “working” remotely, while 35 percent have done housework,and 28 percent have cooked dinne

47、r.It is true, however,that working at home makes people much more efficient (高效的), because it al-lows workers to take care of annoying housework while still getting their jobs done. Its much faster, for example, to shop for groceries at a quarter to three than to stand in line during the after-work

48、rush.The fact that such practices remain officially unaccepted reflects how far we havent come as a so-Passage 5 (2016浙江10月,C)詞數:279ciety from the days when we expected every full-time worker to be supported by a full-time homemaker.More broadly the Wakefield survey suggests that employers may be mi

49、ssing a low-cost way to give workers something of value. Sixty-four percent of those survey participants who havent worked remotely would rather give up some bonus in order to get even one day a week working from home. Under such circumstances, smart firms need to find ways to let their employees ha

50、ve enough flexibility to manage their time efficiently.1.Why do some employers hesitate to allow remote working?A.They fear losing control of their workers.B.They want to stick to their routine practice.C.They have little trust in modern technology.D.They are used to face-to-face communication.ciety

51、 from the days when we ex2.What seems to be most workers attitude toward remote working?A.Doubtful.B.Favorable.C.Reserved.D.Disapproving.3.What does the author suggest smart firms do?A.Shorten their office hours.B.Give employees a pay raise.C.Adopt flexible work patterns.D.Reduce their staffs worklo

52、ad.2.What seems to be most worker答案語篇解讀本文為說明文,題材為社會生活類。本文介紹了有關員工在家工作的情況的調查報告。文章的結構比較清晰,各段所陳述的內容也清楚明白。解題時只要能讀懂文章,對各段段意有準確的理解,就可以提高正確率。1.A推理判斷題。信息在文章的第一和第二段。第一段中明確指出,大多數雇主對家庭遠程工作持懷疑態度。而第二段說“調查更增加了他們的疑慮”,是因為調查顯示很多人在家工作時會做其他的事情。因此,選A,意思是“他們害怕會失去對工人的控制”。2.B推理判斷題。信息在文章的最后一段。“百分之六十四沒有遠程工作經歷的受訪者寧愿放棄一些獎金,也希望

53、能得到一周中有一天在家工作的機會”,由此可以看出,工人們還是希望在家工作的。因此選B,意為“贊同的,支持的”。3.C推理判斷題。從文章的最后一句可以看出,作者建議智能公司能給員工足夠的彈性以便他們提高工作效率。因此,選C,意為“采用彈性的工作模式”。高級語塊be doubtful about對持懷疑態度have their doubts reinforced使他們的疑慮更加嚴重答案B組統一命題、省(區、市)卷題組Passage 1(2019課標全國,C)詞數:313Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscr

54、iptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that w

55、ould appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper”a term referring to papers made widely avail-able to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhap

56、s more importantly it meant news-papers that could be bought in single copies on the street.This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy) to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printers office to pur

57、chase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies wasB組統一命題、省(區、市)卷題組Passage 1(20 seldom a pennyusually two or three cents was chargedand some of the older well-known pa-

58、pers charged five or six cents. But the phrase “penny paper” caught the publics fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.This new trend of newspapers for “the man on the street” did not begin well. Some of the early ventures(企業) were immediate failures. Publishers

59、already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.1.Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?A.Academic. B.Unattractive.C.Inexpensive.D

60、.Confidential.2.What did street sales mean to newspapers?A.They would be priced higher.B.They would disappear from cities.C.They could have more readers.D.They could regain public trust. seldom a pennyusually two or3.Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?A.Local politicians.B.Common p