1、(山東專用)2020版高考英語復習專題十名詞性從句課件外研版(山東專用)2020版高考英語復習專題十名詞性從句課件外研版考向分析 名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。高考對名詞性從句的考查主要體現在對what,that,whether,whatever,whichev-er,when,where,how等引導詞的考查上,其中what和that是考查的重點。考向分析名詞性從句的引導詞單句填空考點清單語境運用1.It is often the case thatanything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 考點清單語境運

2、用1.It is often the case答案that句意:對于那些總是不放棄希望的人來說,發生任何事情都是有可能的,這是很常見的。考查主語從句。本句中it為形式主語,“anything is possible for those who hang on to hope”為真正的主語;該從句結構完整,故由that引導。答案that句意:對于那些總是不放棄希望的人來說,2.A warm thought suddenly came to me thatI might buy some flowers for my friends mothers 60th birthday.答案that句意:我

3、突然有了一個很溫馨的想法,我可以為我朋友的媽媽的六十大壽買些鮮花。本題考查同位語從句。“I might buy some flowers for my friends mothers 60th birthday”作a warm thought的同位語。該從句不缺任何成分,故用that引導。2.A warm thought suddenly came單句改錯3.It is obvious to the students what they should get well prepared for their future.whatthat答案whatthat在題干中,it為形式主語,真正的主語為

4、students之后的主語從句,從句中不缺少句子成分,且句意完整,故用that作為引導詞,what應改為that。單句改錯答案whatthat在題干中,it為形式主語,4.The notice came around two in the afternoon which the meeting would be postponed.whichthat答案whichthat在題干中,afternoon之后為notice的具體內容,即同位語從句,從句中不缺少句子成分,且句意完整,故用that作為引導詞。4.The notice came around two i名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表

5、語從句和同位語從句,從句要用陳述句語序。名詞性從句的引導詞如下表所示:用法精講 引導詞功能從屬連詞that在從句中不作任何句子成分,沒有詞匯意義whether, if在從句中不作任何句子成分,意為“是否”because在從句中不作任何句子成分,意為“因為”連接代詞who(ever),whom, what(ever), whose, which(ever)who(ever)和what(ever)在從句中作主語、賓語或表語;whom在從句中作賓語;which(ever)在從句中作主語、賓語;whose在從句中作定語連接副詞when(ever), where, wherever, why,how在從

6、句中作狀語用法精講 引導詞功能從屬that在從句中不作任何句子成分,沒考點一that引導的名詞性從句1.that引導主語從句時,在從句中不作任何成分,也沒有任何詞匯意義,但一般不可省略;that引導賓語從句時無詞義,在從句中不作任何句子成分,口語中一般可以省略,但下列情況不能省略。(1)動詞后跟多個that引導的賓語從句時,只有第一個that可以省略,從第二個從句開始不可省略that;(2)賓語從句前有插入語時。We hope, on the contrary, that you will refuse to help him. 恰恰相反,我們希望你能拒絕幫助他。考點一that引導的名詞性從句

7、【點津】sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, surprised等表示“態度、情感”的形容詞后也可接賓語從句。I am sure that you will make it in spite of all kinds of difficulties.盡管有各種各樣的困難,我確信你會成功的。【點津】2.為了平衡句子結構,that引導主語從句時常用it作形式主語,that不可省略。常見的句式有以下幾種:(1)It+be+名詞+that從句(如:It is a fact/pity/shame/surprise that.);(2)It+be+形容詞+that從句(

8、如:It is clear/important/necessary/obvious/pos-sible/strange that.);(3)It+be+過去分詞+that從句(如:It is believed/reported/said/suggested/thought that.);(4)It+特殊動詞+that從句(如:It happens to sb. that.;It occurred to sb. 2.為了平衡句子結構,that引導主語從句時常用it作形式主that.;It matters that.)。It suddenly occurred to me that he had

9、gone to Africa. 我突然想到他已去了非洲。【點津】在“It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required/recom-mended/urged+that從句”結構中,從句用“(should+)動詞原形”的形式。Its suggested that you (should) set aside some time to work out every day.建議你每天抽點時間鍛煉。 that.;It matters that.)。3.it作形式賓語的賓語從句(1)一些動詞后有賓語補足語時,需用it作形式賓語,而將t

10、hat引導的賓語從句后置。常見的這類動詞有think, believe, consider, guess, make, find, suppose等。I think it very important that you should follow the rule.我認為遵循這個規則很重要。(2)動詞hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示“喜歡、厭惡”的動詞以及動詞短語see to后常用it作形式賓語,而將賓語從句后置。3.it作形式賓語的賓語從句I shall see to it that your dog will be taken good c

11、are of. 我會確保你的狗被照顧好。I shall see to it that your do考點二what(ever)引導的名詞性從句單句填空語境運用1.Whatis known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games was held successfully in Beijing.答案What句意:眾所周知,2008年奧運會在北京成功舉行。分析題干可知,“is known to us all”為主語從句,從句中缺少主語,再根據語境可知應用what引導主語從句。考點二what(ever)引導的名詞性從句語境運用12.Your support

12、is important to our work. Whateveryou can do helps. 答案Whatever句意:你的支持對我們的工作很重要。你做的任何事情都有幫助。本題考查主語從句。“you can do”為主語從句,該從句缺少賓語,且表示“任何事情”,故答案為Whatever(相當于Any-thing that)。 2.Your support is important to3.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of what it used to cha

13、rge.答案what句意:我們選擇這家賓館是因為這里住一晚上的價格降到了20美元,(20美元)是其過去收費的一半。本題考查賓語從句。逗號后面是$20的同位語,charge后面缺少賓語,故用what引導。3.We choose this hotel because單句改錯4.After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates that we could do.thatwhat答案thatwhat句意:到達學校后,我和一些同學討論了我們能做點什么。 “that we could do”為賓語從句,該從句缺少賓語,且表示“物”,故用w

14、hat而不是that引導。單句改錯what(ever)引導名詞性從句,在從句中可作主語、賓語、表語或定語,根據語境有不同的意義。Weve only got this small bookcase. Will that do?No, what I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger. 用法精講用法精講我們只有這個小書架。它夠用嗎?不。我要找的是一個更大更堅固的東西。Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious what the problem itself is. 在解決

15、問題之前,必須明確問題本身是什么。It is not always easy for the public to see what use a new invention can be of to human life.讓公眾明白一項新發明對人類生活有什么用途并不總是容易的。我們只有這個小書架。它夠用嗎?考點三whether/if引導的名詞性從句單句填空She asked me whether/if I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt.語境運用考點三whether/if引導的名詞性從句語境運用

16、答案whether/if句意:她問我是否已經把書還給圖書館,我承認我還沒有歸還。設空處引導的是賓語從句,根據句意可知該賓語從句要用whether/if引導。答案whether/if句意:她問我是否已經把書還給圖書1.whether和if在賓語從句中可以互換,但是作介詞的賓語時一般用whether。It depends on whether he will help us. 那取決于他是否會幫助我們。用法精講1.whether和if在賓語從句中可以互換,但是作介詞的賓2.賓語從句位于句首或者賓語從句提前時用whether不用if。Whether I will come back on time

17、I am not sure at the moment. 我能否按時回來,現在我還不確定。2.賓語從句位于句首或者賓語從句提前時用whether不用i3.與or not連用時用whether。I didnt know whether or not he had passed the test. 我不知道他是否已經通過了測試。3.與or not連用時用whether。4.主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中使用whether。Whether the meeting will be called off has not been decided yet.會議是否會被取消還沒有決定。The questi

18、on is whether they can finish the task on schedule. 問題是他們能否按時完成任務。4.主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中使用whether。5.whether常與or連用表示選擇,if不能這樣用。The question of whether the house is big or small is not important. 房子是大還是小這個事情不重要。5.whether常與or連用表示選擇,if不能這樣用。考點四表語從句核心考點單句填空I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that

19、 why you had a few days off?語境運用答案why句意:上周我開車去珠海觀看航展了。那就是你請幾天假的原因嗎?根據上句提供的語境,下句應該問“請假的原因”。 考點四表語從句核心考點語境運用答案why句意:上周1.主句的主語是advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement 等表示“建議,要求,命令”的名詞時,表語從句的謂語動詞使用虛擬語氣“(should+)動詞原形”的形式。My suggestion is that you(should)arrive at your friends home earlier than th

20、e appointed time. 我建議你比約定的時間早到你朋友家里。用法精講1.主句的主語是advice, suggestion, or2.主語為名詞reason時,表語從句的連接詞使用that,而不是because或why。The reason why he failed in the exam was that he was too careless. 他考試不及格是由于太粗心了。2.主語為名詞reason時,表語從句的連接詞使用that,3.why與because均可引導表語從句,但前者強調結果,后者強調原因。I had a cold. Thats why I didnt atten

21、d school.我感冒了,因此我沒上學。I didnt attend school. Thats because I had a cold. 我沒去上學,那是因為我感冒了。 3.why與because均可引導表語從句,但前者強調結果,考點五 疑問代詞+-ever與no matter+疑問代詞的區別單句填空Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.答案whoever句意:每年,在風箏節上,制作出最漂亮的風箏的人會贏得一份獎品。設空處引導主語從句,從句中缺少主語成

22、分,且表示“無論誰”,故填whoever。語境運用考點五 疑問代詞+-ever與no matter+疑問whoever/whomever/whatever/whichever和no matter who/whom/what/which都可引導讓步狀語從句,此時兩者可以互換。但whoever/whomev-er/whatever/whichever還可引導名詞性從句,此時不能與“no matter+疑問代詞”互換。用法精講用法精講Whoever comes to the party will receive a gift. (主語從句)無論誰來參加聚會都會收到一份禮物。Whoever(=No m

23、atter who)comes to the party, he will receive a gift.(狀語從句) 無論誰來參加聚會,都會收到一份禮物。Whoever comes to the party wil考點六介詞后的賓語從句單句改錯(2016課標全國卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.thatwhere答案thatwhere考查賓語從句。where引導賓語從句且在從句中作狀語。語境運用考點六介詞后的賓語從句語境運用一般情況下介詞后只能跟wh-類連接詞引導的賓語從句。We are talking

24、about whether we should build another zoo. 我們正在討論是否應該再建一個動物園。My office is not far from where I am living. 我的辦公室離我現在住的地方不遠。用法精講用法精講【點津】that引導的從句作介詞的賓語時,一般需用形式賓語it代替,將that從句后置。You may depend on it that I shall always help you.請你相信我會一直幫助你的。【點津】考點七連接副詞引導的名詞性從句單句填空Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing where she was heading.語境運用考點七連接副詞引導的名詞性從句語境運用答案where句意:Jane在綠樹成蔭的街道上漫無目的地走著,不知道她要去哪里。設空處引導賓語從句,從句中缺少地點狀語,故用where引導。答案where句意:Jane在綠樹成蔭的街道上漫無目的地when,where,w