1、2022-2023學(xué)年山西省太原市清徐第二中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、 選擇題1. Smiling is _universal language and it is one of _ ways to express friendship.A.the; / B. a; / C. an; the D. a; the 參考答案：D2. I think the astronaut was much _at psychological tests to _who received training together with himA. superior; those B. superior;

2、ones C. better; the ones D. better; ones參考答案：A【詳解】考查形容詞和代詞。形容詞短語(yǔ)be superior to優(yōu)于；其中形容詞superior本身就表示比較含義，并沒(méi)有比較級(jí)形式；代詞one指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，表示泛指，ones指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示泛指。代詞those指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示特指。句意：我認(rèn)為在心理測(cè)試上這位宇航員比那些和他一起接受訓(xùn)練的其他人要更優(yōu)秀。本句中those特指和他一起接受訓(xùn)練的其他宇航員。故A項(xiàng)正確。3. Do you know anything about our country? No, this is the fi

3、rst time that I here.A. wasB. amC. have beenD. had been參考答案：C4. My plane is the one that at 10 a.m.Then you need to hurry. It in half an hour.A. is about to take off, takes off B. is about to take off, is taking offC. takes off, is taking off D. takes off, is about to take off參考答案：C考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：-我是上午10點(diǎn)的

4、飛機(jī)。-那你需要快點(diǎn)。半小時(shí)后就要起飛了。飛機(jī)是按計(jì)劃或安排起飛的，即時(shí)間表起飛的，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)takes off。第二句是你的飛機(jī)按計(jì)劃在半小時(shí)后要起飛，表示要發(fā)生的事，用is taking off.或is about to take off，但be about to do 后面不能跟具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故只能用is taking off。因此只能選C。【名師點(diǎn)睛】一般將來(lái)時(shí)中用be to do ，be about to do和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)時(shí)的區(qū)別。(1) 用“be to+動(dòng)詞原形”表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；有時(shí)也表示命令、禁止或可能性。如：He is to leave for

5、Beijing tomorrow. 他決定明天去北京。Tell him hes not to be back late. 告訴他不準(zhǔn)遲回。(2) 用“be about to+動(dòng)詞原形”表示即將要發(fā)生的事，后面一般不跟固定的時(shí)間。如：Look! The race is about to start. 瞧，賽車就要開(kāi)始了We are about to leave.我們馬上走 (3)某些詞come， go ，leave， arrive， start， get ，stay ，live，fly, teke off等用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表進(jìn)行。用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示按規(guī)定或時(shí)間表預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的事。 The meeting

6、 starts at five oclock.議五點(diǎn)始 He gets off at the next stop.他在下一站下車(4) come， go ，leave， arrive， start， get ，stay ，live，fly, teke off,等用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃即發(fā)生。例: Im leaving for Beijing. 我要去北京。5. This kind of cloth washes well. I think it is worth_. A. buying B. being bought C. bought D. to be bought參考答案：A6. As we

7、 approached the work site, we could see the workers _ the new house. A. building B. buildC. built D. to build參考答案：A略7. Did you find impossible for him to tell the truth? A. this B. it C. that D. what 參考答案：B略8. I am very busy with urgent things _ every minute of the day.A. fill with B. filled C. fill

8、ing D. are filling參考答案：C9. Sam enjoys _ stampsAnd now he has 226 of them. Acollect Bcollected Ccollecting Dto collect參考答案：C略10. The date for the conference we had been looking forward _ at last.A. to comeB. to comingC. to cameD. to will come參考答案：C試題分析：句意：我們期盼已久的會(huì)議日期終于到了。句子主干是：The date came at last.句

9、中 looking forward to“期望”是固定短語(yǔ)，故選C.11. Our bodies are strengthened by exercise. _ , our minds are developed by learning. A. Probably B. Likely C. Similarly D. Generally參考答案：C句意：我們的身體因鍛煉而健壯。與之相似，我們的心理因?qū)W習(xí)而得到改善。similarly副詞，常用來(lái)提出相似的話題。12. _,the student insists that he be separated from his desk-mate,who

10、is naughty.A. To avoid being affectedB. To avoid to be affectedC. Avoiding being affectedD. Avoiding to be affected參考答案：A【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了避免受到影響，這些學(xué)生堅(jiān)持要求他應(yīng)該和他同桌分開(kāi)，（因?yàn)椋┧婪浅５奶詺狻９潭ǘ陶Z(yǔ)avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，如果為被動(dòng)，則為avoid being done，由此排除B、D；從句意來(lái)看，逗號(hào)前面部分應(yīng)該是目的狀語(yǔ)。而放句首的目的狀語(yǔ)一般就是不定式，而不是現(xiàn)在分詞。由此排除C，故選A。【點(diǎn)睛】avoid

11、是高中要求四會(huì)的詞，考生必須記牢它的用法，此題是綜合考查題，既考查了非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法同時(shí)又考了avoid的用法，這是高考命題的趨勢(shì)。insist的賓語(yǔ)從句的用法一般分為兩種情況：1）如果insist翻譯為“堅(jiān)持說(shuō)/堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”，且賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)作為已經(jīng)發(fā)生的情況，此時(shí)賓語(yǔ)從句采用正常的陳述語(yǔ)氣。如：He insisted that he was right. 他堅(jiān)持說(shuō)/認(rèn)為他是對(duì)的。2）如果insist翻譯為“堅(jiān)決主張/要求”，即賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)作當(dāng)時(shí)尚未發(fā)生，此時(shí)賓語(yǔ)從句必須采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，構(gòu)成為從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should) + 動(dòng)詞原形”，其中should可以省略。如：He insisted t

12、hat he (should) be praised for what he had done.3）此題中的insist所引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句采用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即he be separated. = he should be separated.13. 語(yǔ)音知識(shí)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）從A、四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，找出其劃線部分與所給單詞的劃線部分讀音相同的選項(xiàng)，并填入答題卡上相應(yīng)表格。例：haveA. gave B. save C. hat D. made答案是C。1. courseA. journey B. four C. labour D. hour2. matchA. separate B. m

13、arry C. machine D. many3. riseA. purse B. else C. praise D. mouse4. batheA. faith B. cloth C. maths D. smooth5. BritainA. certain B. train C. against D. contain參考答案：略14. It is stupid _ your advice. A. of him not to take B. for him not to takeC. not taking D. of not taking 參考答案：A略15. Most people woul

14、d agree that nuclear science should be developed to benefit the human beings harm them.A. more than B. rather than C. other than D. better than參考答案：B二、 填空16. 用以下短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空， 其中有一個(gè)是多余的。Move off;rather than;carry on;as far as;in time;accout for;56. The fire didnt cause too much damage because firefighte

15、rs arrived _.57. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and _.58. He wouldnt listen to others advice. Obviously, it was his own attitude that _ his loss.59. As for this summer, I would not visit Inner Mongolia or Tibet. I feel like staying at home and r

16、est _ going anywhere!60. Its not far at all to Atlanta! _ I can tell, it will take us only about half an hour to drive there.參考答案：56. in time 57. move off 58. accounted for 59. rather than 60. As far as本大題為用所給短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。做這種練習(xí)時(shí)，首先要弄清所給短語(yǔ)的意思，分析每個(gè)句子，根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷缺少的部分的意思，找到正確的短語(yǔ)再根據(jù)在句子所做的成份確定其時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)，是謂語(yǔ)還是非謂語(yǔ)

17、。更要注意的是有些是固定搭配和習(xí)慣用法，從而正確地完成本題。【56題詳解】考查上下文的理解。根據(jù)前一句“火災(zāi)沒(méi)有造成太大的損失可知是，因?yàn)橄绬T “及時(shí)”趕到了，故填 in time。【57題詳解】考查語(yǔ)的理解。句意：每個(gè)人都坐在樹(shù)蔭下等待，而這個(gè)家庭開(kāi)始醒來(lái)，不停地走動(dòng)。根據(jù)句子的時(shí)態(tài)可知，本句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句中的連詞while表示對(duì)比的，前一句說(shuō)Everybody sits and waits，可知與之相反的則是這個(gè)家庭開(kāi)始醒來(lái)并動(dòng)起來(lái)了， move off.意為“不停地走動(dòng)，到處走動(dòng)”，符合語(yǔ)境，故填move off。【58題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解。根據(jù)上文“他不聽(tīng)別人的勸告”可知，

18、顯然，是他自己的態(tài)度造成了他的損失。分析可知，account for 說(shuō)明（原因、理由等），導(dǎo)致，引起 。故填accounted for。【59題詳解】考查語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：至于今年夏天，我不會(huì)去內(nèi)蒙古或西藏。我想呆在家里休息，而不是去任何地方。根據(jù)“I feel like staying at home ”可知我只想呆在家里休息，可知不去任何地方，因此rather than符合題意，故填rather than。【60題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：亞特蘭大一點(diǎn)也不遠(yuǎn)！據(jù)我所知，開(kāi)車到那里只需半小時(shí)左右。as far as.為固定搭配，意為“在看來(lái)，據(jù)某人所知.”，因此本句填 As far as。

19、三、 閱讀理解17. Chocolate is good for your heart, skin and brain. Usually, people think that chocolate is bad for their health. They describe chocolate as “something to die for” or say “death by chocolate”Now they should bite their tongues! Evidence is showing that some kinds of chocolate are actually go

20、od for you in the following ways:A happier heartScientists at Harvard University recently examined 136 studies on cocoathe main ingredient in chocolate and found that it does seem to strengthen the heartStudies have shown heart benefits from increased blood flowThese benefits are the result of cocoa

21、s chemicals, which seem to prevent both cell damage and inflammation(炎癥)Better blood pressureIf yours is high, chocolate may helpJeffrey Blumberg from Tufts University recently found that people with high blood pressure who ate 3.5 ounces of dark chocolate per day for two weeks saw their blood press

22、ure drop quicklyMuscle magicChocolate milk may help you recover after a hard workout(鍛煉)In a small study at Indiana University, people who drank chocolate milk between workouts did better on a tiredness test than those who had some sports drinksBetter for your skinGerman researchers gave 24 women a

23、half-cup of special cocoa every dayAfter three months, the womens skin was moister(滑潤(rùn)的)and smootherThe research shows that chocolate helps protect and increase blood flow to the skin, improving its appearanceBrain gainsIt sounds almost too good to be true, but research suggests that chocolate may improve your memory, attention span, reaction time, and problem-solving by increasing blood flow to the brain60Which of the following is wrong? A. Cocas chemicals can be likely to prevent both cell damage and inflammation.B. Chocolate