1、DongDa Street Renaissance 東大街復興規劃 ChengDu, PRC 2003 . 24 . December This projects plan is to protect and preserve the historic characteristics of area, compliment the long heritage and continuity of this distinctive areas history. “Human First is an important value and concept of this plan” a quote

2、from the design program which we embraced therefore our concept is more for the people of ChengDu and the residents of DongDa street. 此項目計劃是為了保護及保留此地區的獨特歷史特性。 “以人為先是本規劃的重要概念及價值” 這句引自設計說明裡的話正好可以用來闡述此項目是主要為了服務成都和東大街市民。 Los Angeles ChengDu Shanghaiconcept introduction 基本概念簡介 Much of our thinking was ho

3、w to try and plan for the future, what will the needs of a community of this size be? In planning for DongDa Street Renaissance we linked our ideas with the surrounding areas though they were not part of this project dimensions, they are related to how this neighborhood will interact.As architects a

4、nd designers we think about people and how they work and live, what makes them happy and what kind of city they and we want to live in.我們現在的規劃概念不僅為眼前，也是在為未來作規劃 - 考慮未來會需要甚麼、城市的成長會是怎麼樣? 在復興東大街的規劃中，我們把一些儘管不在此項目中的社區也連結在一起，就是因為附近的每一個社區都牽動著區與區之間的互動。作為建築師和設計師，我們時刻都細心考慮人們希望怎麼樣工作和生活、怎麼樣才可以得到快樂、和希望在怎麼樣的城市中生活。

5、 design and planning Goals 設計與規劃目標 Enhance and increase the areas traffic systemRestore, maintain and enhance the cultural historic areas of the cityGreenbelt concept possibly linking communities Plan for increased housing, employment opportunities and city public facilities i.e. schools, hospitals,

6、 police and fire protection Consider infrastructure improvements and incentives to increase tourism revenuesWe must stick to the “Whole development” concept, maximize the social and economic benefits, and set clear goal in each phase.改善與加強地區交通系統重現、維護、和加強城市的文化歷史區用綠化帶將社區連結在一起的可能增加住房、工作機會、和社會公共設施，如學校、醫

7、院、警察局、和消防局考慮加強基本設施，和增加旅遊收入我們會抱著 “整體發展” 的概念宗旨，作到最大的社會及商業利益，還有為每一期工程訂立清晰目標theme philosophy 主題宗旨 The DongDa Street project Planning Rules outlines that the “Historic content” is to be saved, A “human first” planning consideration, introduce a “Green Design” and to understand the “Whole Development”. Ou

8、r concept meets all these requirements by providing for a mix-use residential community with a central grand-scale open greenbelt park, the “citys new meeting place” opening a pedestrian corridor from the Daci Temple area to the Fu River and beyond. The Park will be a restful place an important oasi

9、s from the surrounding intense development and will be a node connection to the cities greenbelt plan. 東大街項目規劃規章中明確指出 “歷史性內涵” 必須被保留下來。 配合 “人為先” 的設計宗旨、 “綠化設計” 的概念 、及 “整體發展” 的方法 我們建議建設一個有大型綠化公園的多用途住宅社區。 這個公園為行人提供了東北方的一個風景優美的景觀長廊，從大慈寺一直延伸到另一邊的府河。建設完成後，定將成為一個新的 “城市聚集點”。 公園的平靜環境在週圍快速發展區域的包圍下，將更加突顯其重要性。 此

10、公園亦會與城市綠化工程相連。 Key map 區位圖DongDa street renaissance site plan 東大街復興規劃總平面圖Description zone plan 分區圖DongDa street function zone plan 功能分析圖Dongda Street has three distinct phases of design concepts. 東大街工程共分三個階段，各階段有其獨特特色。Phase l 第一期near the expanded “walking street” and Daci Temple two different types

11、of residential housing. we propose a low story “historic type design” residential with street level commercial complimenting the adjacent walking street architecture.In addition will be a multi-mix contemporary design residential /shopping /commercial neighborhood complex with an integrated plan of

12、mid to high rise buildings facing the park. Much of this area will be designed as an infrastructure for the local community with restaurants and cafes overlooking the park. 在西端，與購物街及酒店區相近處，建設兩種不同的住宅房屋。 在東大街北端，我們建議蓋 “懷古風格” 設計的住宅區，以矮層建築配合新的購物街。 南端則採用現代化設計，區內是包含住宅/購物/商業的多用途中/高建築物。 這些地區都將作為社區的基本設施，而相鄰的現

13、存住宅建築仍然會被保留。Ideas for the historic area 對歷史文化區的一些建議DongDa street section/elevation 東大街剖面 / 立面圖 Section Elevation C-C 剖立面 C-C Section Elevation D-D 剖立面 D-DPhase ll design concept. 第二期工程設計概念Phase ll 第二期The central theme of Dongda Street Renaissance is the “grand-scale” open greenbelt park, the “citys

14、meeting place” People can arrive from many directions such as; from the new subway stop and bus routes, by car as the park will have designated parking areas and walking or bicycling. The new park will feature winding pathways, river crossing foot bridges, duck ponds, fountains and an outdoor theate

15、r for summer concerts. There could be a special botanical area for plants and flowers and large trees everywhere. China exceeds in building some of the worlds most beautiful parks and this area could be a showplace for ChengDu. 東大街復興的一個中心主題就是 “超大型” 開放式綠化公園 “城市聚集點”。 遊人將會從各處被吸引而來； 他們可以選擇坐新的地下鐵，或者公共汽車；

16、 若是自己開車的話，公園會提供停車場； 當然，步行和踏自行車來也是相當方便的。 公園內會有蜿蜒的步行徑、跨過河道的行人橋、鴨塘、噴水池，還有一個室外劇院可以在夏天舉行演唱會或其它表演。 為了進一步優化環境，還會有特殊的植物園區種植一些特別的花草樹木。 當這座公園落成之時，一定會成為世界出色的公園之一，而且，也可以作為成都市的另一新地標，吸引來自四方的遊客觀賞遊玩。Green themes phase ll 綠化主題Recreation park view 休閑公園景觀Along the riverside 河畔景觀Ideas for park lighting effects 公園照明效果Pr

17、oposed option extend park green area 建議的額外公園擴張綠地 Parks sections 公園剖面圖Phase lll design concept 第三期設計概念Phase lllEast of Fu River there is a contemporary residential development that will have an upgraded periphery road focusing on an open central theme Many of the residential views will be focus towar

18、ds the park-scape and rivers. Higher floors will see the Daci Temple park and beyond. Commercial shops facing the street side with resident space above.The center low story commercial areas with restaurants and cafes overlooking the park will be a destination after enjoying the activities of the par

19、k 府河以東將會有一處現代化住宅發展區。 此區週邊的道路會被加以強化，並著重於其 “橫跨” 在東大街低坡街道之上的特色。 此區的住宅景觀主要集中在園景和河景。 位於較高樓層的單位更能看到大慈寺公園及更遠的地方。 道路兩旁以商舖為主，以高、中、低層的建築物構成不同的高度，由區域的邊界向中心區域延伸。This concept may prove to be a model forChengdus future residential developmentincorporating both needed living space andquality of life benefits such

20、as parks, entertainment and a pedestrian friendly community design. 這一概念由於對生活空間及生活質素無比重視，再配合公園、娛樂、及以行人為先的等等優點，很可能將成為成都市未來住宅發展的一個典型。Ideas for the phase lll commercial/residential area 第三期 商業/住宅區Ideas for the commercial/residential area第三期 商業/住宅區DongDa street section/elevation 東大街剖/立面圖 Section Elevati

21、on B-B 剖立面 B-B Section Elevation A-A 剖立面 A-ADongDa street traffic analysis plan 東大街交通分析圖Subway station ideas 地下鐵路traffic enhancement 改善交通DongDa Street is a major thoroughfare that transverses much of Chengdu and bisects this narrow development area. Much of Streets daily traffic is not serving this

22、small community but passing through to other destinations. 東大街是以橫向將成都市分割開的一條大街，並且也將發展區截成兩段。 從我們的估計看來，東大街的主要交通不僅是為了服務一個範圍的社區環境，而是為整體城市提供一條通道，將車輛導往其它目的地。 The concept for a “enhanced traffic plan” is to redesign much of DongDa Street to be below grade such as a cut & fill and or an underground tunnel p

23、assage. “改善交通計劃” 即是透過低挖及回填，建造地底隧道等，將東大街的大部份車道改為低坡道 When the proposed subway that will pass under DongDa Street is being built, DongDa Street traffic will have to be diverted for construction. 東大街是以橫向將成都市分割開的一條大街，並且也將發展區截成兩段。 從我們的估計看來，東大街的主要交通不僅是為了服務一個範圍的社區環境，而是為整體城市提供一條通道，將車輛導往其它目的地。 The scheduling

24、for the new subway and DongDa Street passage would be simultaneous including relocating above ground utilities. 新地下鐵路和東大街隧道的時間表將會同時進行，地面管線的轉移也包括在內。 traffic enhancement 改善交通traffic enhancement 改善交通The existing periphery roads will be upgraded and support this area during the underground construction.

25、 週圍既存的道路會作升級優化，同時也可以在地底工程的進行途中，暫時為東大街提供交通服務。 When completed much of the traffic noise and pollution will have been diverted away from the public central core, leaving large uninterrupted areas for a quiet, “human first” development.當工程完成後，整個區域將最終形成一個沒有交通噪音和污染的安靜舒適環境，達到 “以人為先” 的設計準則new street design

26、& modifying existing two-way streets新街道設計及改進現存雙向車道A livable city plans for一個適於居住的城市規劃該注意: emergency vehicles to pass quickly pedestrians to cross a street without the fear of an accident Understands that buses, cars, bicycles and pedestrians all travel at different speeds and require special design

27、attention for each.緊急救護車輛能快速通過行人可以安心地橫過馬路明白公共汽車、私家車、自行車、行人都是以各自不同的速度前行，故此都需要不同的設計考量Multi-lane wide streets, where are dangerously wide should be redesigned and landscaped adding a center rest island, separating traffic from pedestrians allowing them to wait till it is safe to continue crossing. 多車道的

28、過寬街道須要重新設計，加置安全島，使行人能更安全地橫過馬路new street design & modifying existing two-way streets新街道設計及改進現存雙向車道Needs to be addressed 須要注意:More design consideration and zoning regulations are needed for city parking areas 城市停車區域的設計須要更細心的考量，和分區管制expand on-street parking for new streets增加新街道上的路邊停車位Note added parking

29、 lanes Bus / emergency lane would have a different surface separated with “street bumps”Bike lanes would also have a different surfaceTraffic calming speed bumps are used where cross a bike lane注意增加的停車道公共汽車的緊急車道將會採用不同的路面材料，並由 “路塊” 隔開 自行車車道也會採用不同的路面材料車道與自行車車道相匯處會採用減速路障new street design & modifying ex

30、isting two-way streets新街道設計及改進現存雙向車道Additional lanes may be needed but in planning we suggest that where the streets must be widened for two-way traffic, that the extra space be added for the center island safety design. 加建車道可能在某些情況下是需要的，但在我們的概念中，我們建議加寬雙向行車道的路寬，這樣多出來的空間就可以用作建置中央安全島the introduction o

31、f a safety “grasscrete shoulder” this in planning may, in some of the designs, be the center safety lane as described combining many uses into one element.引人 “植草地坪” 方案，使得中央線道可同時作不同用途 private Vehicles 私家車 There are now an estimated twelve million cars (which 90% have been purchased in the last five y

32、ears) in China and increasing 25-30% annuallyChengdu in 2002 had registered 825,000 private vehicles and in less than one year, November 2003 there are 920,000 cars a 20% increase though new roadways have only increased by 6.4%. Each year as more people purchase cars the problems of; pollution, nois

33、e, automobile accidents and a rising death count are only the beginning and can only worsen unless action is taken to match infrastructure improvements with the expansion.估計中國現有三千萬臺車輛，其中九成都是在過去五年內購入； 而這個數值尚未包括公共汽車、貨車、和其它商業車輛。 這個快速得無法預視的膨脹已經在中國各個城市形成繁重的負擔。 污染、噪音、汽車事故、和因此而增加死亡率，僅僅是問題的開端。 成都在2002年的註冊私家

34、車有 825,000輛； 然後在一年內，2003年11月，數字就攀升至920,000 幾乎20%的增加率； 但新增道路的增加率僅有 6.4%。 每年的車輛擁有率都急速上升，除了立刻採取適當相應的解決方案外，問題只會一直存在，甚至不斷惡化下去。private Vehicles 私家車 Pollution motor vehicles are the biggest contributor to city pollution and poor air qualityNoisecars, motorbikes and truck horns and braking vehicles are at t

35、imes the only noise heard on city streets or in homes or officesAccidentsdramatic increases in personal injury and rising insurance and repair costDeath of Street LifeStudies clearly show that the increase of traffic inversely correlates with the level of social contact and as traffic on a street in

36、creases, people retreat from the street and attempt to shut it out of their lives. 污染 車輛是造成空氣污染的最大原因 噪音 私家車、摩托車、貨車的喇叭聲、還有急剎車的聲音給城市街道、家裡、和辦公室裡帶了很大的噪音交通意外由於交通意外而受傷的人數急劇上升，同時保險及維修費用亦在快速攀升街道生活之消失研究清楚指出，交通愈是繁忙發達，在街道上的社交生活則會隨之下降。人們在街道上的互動會日漸減少，最後選擇退出街道的生活舞臺。 private Vehicles 私家車 New freedoms with owning a

37、 car is an enjoymentdifficult to curtail for daily use. Needs to be addressed 須要注意:traffic laws need to be enforced and driving courtesy towards cyclist, pedestrians and other drivers should be a municipal information program initiated.both initiatives when not properly monitored contribute to dange

38、rous confrontations and unnecessary traffic delays. Parking development is a must priority. It has been estimated that in some cities the ratio between cars and available parking spaces is as high as 1:13 and assuming the annual increase of cars will continue this number will rise. 市政府應該嚴格執行交通規則，並強調

39、駕駛者對自行車與行人之間禮貌。 如果兩者執行不當，就會很容易發生意外，或以致不必要的交通阻塞。停車位是必須具備的優先條件估計在城市的一般車輛與停車位比率應該在 1:13 左右； 若每年車輛數字增加，這個比例也需隨之調整public transportation 公共交通Public transport customers typically have the following complaints;Inconvenience in terms of location of stations and frequency of serviceLack of safety in terms of

40、driver ability and the road-worthiness of busesService is much slower than private vehicles especially when buses make frequent stopsOverloading of vehicles makes ride uncomfortableLow status of public transit servicescleanlinessHigh cost for daily transitsAs private vehicles rise in China there dai

41、ly use will always be chosen when measured against poorly maintained transit services公共交通工具的乘客一般會以以下的原因來解釋為甚麼改用私家車:站點位置及班次時間的不便由於司機及公共汽車的道路價值而引致的不安全性公共汽車較私家車慢，尤其是公共汽車須經常停站過多的乘客使車廂擁擠、不適公共交通服務的低下地位清潔程度較差每天乘搭所需的車費昂貴public transportation 公共交通 Priorities to consider 優先考量:1: Access The City should be desi

42、gned for people, not cars. It should be at least as convenient to live in a city without a personal motor vehicle as with one.通行 城市的未來發展方向應該以人為主，而不是以車為主。 最好能讓人們在生活上感到，沒車和有車都一樣的方便。2: Equity highest priority should go to public transport 平等 最高優先應給予公共交通工具3: Pollution prevention防止污染public transportation

43、 公共交通 4: Health and safety健康與安全5: Public participation and transparency It is important that the public be given adequate and appropriate information about alternatives, and are appreciably (not just formally) involved in transport planning.公眾參與及透明度 給予公眾適當的支持與資料； 讓公眾可以實質地(而非形式上地)參與交通規劃6: Integrated

44、transportation planning綜合規劃7: Provide dedicated Bus & emergency lanes only 提供公共汽車及緊急車輛的專用車道Incorporating public views on design and customer service features will ensure the system will be fully accepted and utilized by the public. 綜合公眾對服務及設計上的意見，能有效地使新交通系統較容易被市民接受public transportation 公共交通Subways i

45、n many cities including Shanghai and Hong Kong carry upwards of 25-35% of all daily commuting. 大城市如上海及香港的地下鐵路系統幾乎負起每日25-35%的交通負擔。 Noise and fuel pollution is held at a minimum with underground systems城下鐵路系統能將噪音及燃油污染的影響減至最低Subway systemsImportantly for land development, underground systems allow for

46、building on the surface. 地下鐵路可以保留地面空間作建設用Subway construction is expensive although benefits noted and the increased revenue from land use will be enjoyed for many years to come. 雖然地下鐵路的建築費用很高，且建設需時，但長遠來看，對城市是會帶來相當多的好處的。 public transportation 公共交通In conjunction with a comprehensive inner city rail tr

47、ansportation system ChengDu needs to improve its surface transportation為了與中國其它城的鐵路系統結合，必須改善地面交通系統或公共汽車網絡。 Today bus technology is offering cleaner bus propulsion systems using alternative fuel options今天，公共汽車科技已經發展至可以使用淨化燃料推進系統，取代舊式的燃油系統 Fuel cell 燃料電池 Compressed natural gas (CNG) 壓縮天然氣 Liquid petrol

48、eum gas (LPG)液態石油氣 Clean diesel淨柴油 Hybrid-electric混合電力 Electric電力Surface transportspublic transportation 公共交通A reliable, safe 24 hour public transportation system is an essential factor to help improve the quality of life of its citizens and support the cities financial future. 一個可靠、安全的公共交通系統不僅能提高市民

49、生活質素，同時也是保證一個城市的金融發展的重要因素。 Upgrading the entire bus route system and expanding its service is a major financial undertaking for any city. Similarly, for the investment in a subway transit system the future benefits for both the riders and economic sustainability will be repaid through city growth, r

50、ider safety and prestige or image. 公共汽車線路及服務的升級和建設地下鐵路系統一樣，都是需要市城府的財金支持； 然而，從長遠的乘客和城市利益來看，這些投資都是值得的。 Surface transportationDongDa street vista orientation 東大街景觀分析圖walkways pedestrian priority principle行人優先” 理論In applying the Strategy for Pedestrian Planning to the design of new areas, or improvement

51、s too existing streets, there are several measures that can be considered. These measures should be applied according to local circumstances to ensure that access to shops, business and public transport is enhanced rather than compromised.在新地區、或現存街道採用行人道規劃策略時，可以考慮幾點。 首先，要根據環境判斷行人道通往商舖、或公共交通設施是否已經改善，

52、而不是折衷。Pedestrian streets, squares and plazas provide a vehicle-free environment in highly congested areas. They are common in overseas cities, particularly in central areas, shopping areas and also tourist destinations.在擁擠的地區，行人道、廣場應該作為車輛禁止區。 在國外城市中，這方法已經通用甚久，尤其是在中心地帶、購物中心、及其它旅客目的地等 walkways pedestr

53、ian priority principle行人優先” 理論Pedestrian streets can become attractive and lively areas, where people can enjoy street entertainment, street cafes and social interaction. It is important to the city-scape that there is interest and diversity in the planning allowing for casual window shopping, chang

54、ing the shape and patterns of the walkways further creating interest. Street signing should be studied as to not over-power but enhance and inform. 行人道可以是一個吸引人及充滿活力的地方，人們可以參與一些街邊的娛樂，在咖啡廳喝杯咖啡，和作一些社交互動。 對城市空間而言，能提供有趣及多元化的規劃是十分重要的。 至於街道標識，我們也須要仔細研究，要注意標識不能過份過多，而應該是加強且清晰。walkways pedestrian priority pri

55、nciple行人優先” 理論Footpaths and walkway minimums行人道區域應包括:In view of these problems there is a need to set new standards for footpath design. These standards should reflect not just the space for people to walk from one place to another but also set aside areas to accommodate all the other daily activiti

56、es that take place on footpaths - meeting and greeting, sitting and strolling for instance.為行人道的設計建立新的標準。 這個標準將確立行人道不僅是讓人從 一個地走到另一個地方，並且，還包含了其它更多的日常生活活動 例如與人相遇、問候、休息、及散步等等 walkways pedestrian priority principle行人優先” 理論Street Beautification街道美化Street beautification is applied to existing streets, thr

57、ough measures to improve their appearance and amenities. This may include footpath widening, landscaping street furnitureand a variety of traffic calming measures. 街道美化一般會應用在現存街道上，以美化其現有的外觀。 這通常包括加寬行人道、街道景觀化、及限制交通速度。 walkways pedestrian priority principle行人優先” 理論The proposed standards will comprise

58、three key parts: 建議的標準包括三大部份:The through zone - this area will provide for the main pedestrian flows. 穿過區” 這個區域是主要讓行人的人流通The frontage zone - this area is adjacent to building frontages and could be set aside for street cafes and canopies as well as building entrances.“臨街區” 此區與建築物正面相鄰，並可以在旁邊設咖啡廳、遮篷、及

59、建築物入口等The street furniture zone - this area will be used for seating, landscaping, lighting and other street furniture. In some locations this zone will also need to accommodate a reserve area for loading and unloading.“街道設施區” 此區可用作休息用。 可以景觀化，及加設明設施。 在某些地點，此區將保留作裝載用Overhead Existing Utilities should

60、 be placed underground opening the vistas and enhancing the overall view of the immediate area. 現存的高空電纜等應改為地底舖置，使得街景更加怡人、開闊Ideas for street furniture 街道設施lighting 照明The main goals of our Street illumination study were to: (1) uncover the relevant lighting design issues (2) consider the available res