1、簡(jiǎn)單句2023屆高考復(fù)習(xí)之語法透析01知識(shí)導(dǎo)圖簡(jiǎn)單句就是由一個(gè)主語(或并列主語)和一個(gè)謂語(或并列謂語)構(gòu)成的句子。簡(jiǎn)單句的八種基本句式主語謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)賓語主語系動(dòng)詞表語主語謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)狀語主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)賓語狀語主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)間接賓語直接賓語主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語There be結(jié)構(gòu)02考點(diǎn)精析1.主語謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)該句式常用來表示主語的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。其特點(diǎn)為：句子的謂語動(dòng)詞能表達(dá)完整的意思，這類動(dòng)詞叫作不及物動(dòng)詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。The competition will begin at 2 pm in our

2、school stadium.主語謂語02考點(diǎn)精析2.主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)賓語該句式特點(diǎn)為：謂語動(dòng)詞均為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，都是主語發(fā)出的動(dòng)作，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟一個(gè)賓語(可以由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞ing形式、不定式等來充當(dāng))，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。China enjoys a long history and rich culture.主語謂語賓語02考點(diǎn)精析3.主語系動(dòng)詞表語該句式就是常說的“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu)。此句式側(cè)重說明主語是什么或怎么樣，謂語動(dòng)詞需用系動(dòng)詞(主要是be動(dòng)詞)，表語多為形容詞，也可以是名詞、介詞短語、不定式及分詞等。I am a student from China, who i

3、s studying in London during the summer holiday.主語系動(dòng)詞表語02考點(diǎn)精析4.主語謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)狀語Whats worse, I dont communicate well in my family.主語謂語狀語02考點(diǎn)精析5.主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)賓語狀語I have found a part-time job in a foreign capital company. 主語謂語賓語狀語02考點(diǎn)精析6.主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)間接賓語直接賓語該句式中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須跟兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)完整的意思。一個(gè)是表示人的間接賓語；一個(gè)是表示物的直接賓語。一般間接

4、賓語在前面，直接賓語在后面。Now I will give you an introduction to the game to make you fully prepare for it.主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語02考點(diǎn)精析7.主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語該句式中的謂語雖然是及物動(dòng)詞，但是只跟一個(gè)賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來說明賓語，才能使意思完整。賓語補(bǔ)足語是用來補(bǔ)充說明賓語的情況的，直接跟在賓語之后。In order to acquire a better understanding of Tang poems , I advise you to learn s

5、ome brief history of the Tang Dynasty in advance.主語謂語賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語02考點(diǎn)精析8.There be結(jié)構(gòu)(1)there be句型中的be可以有不同的時(shí)態(tài)，可以和助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。There have been extensive consultations between the two countries.兩國(guó)之間進(jìn)行了廣泛的磋商。There must be a mistake somewhere.一定是某個(gè)地方出錯(cuò)了。02考點(diǎn)精析(2)there be句型中的be有時(shí)可用seem to be、appear to be、happen

6、to be、used to be、have to be、remain、live、stand、lie、exist等替換。There seems to be an announcement about the project.關(guān)于這個(gè)項(xiàng)目似乎有一個(gè)通知。There happened to be a man walking by.碰巧有一個(gè)人路過。04演練提升分析下列句式結(jié)構(gòu)1.The decline is not because we have all become lazy._2.There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party._3.I believe we will live up to your expectations in the near future._主語系動(dòng)詞表語There be結(jié)構(gòu)主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)賓語04演練提升4.It will help me improve my dancing. _5.Now