1、虛擬語氣條件句條件句中所表示的假設是不可能或不大可能發生或實現時，句中的條件從句和結果主句都要用虛擬語氣。 虛擬語氣的幾個句型 1、虛擬語氣用于wish后的賓語從句中 A用wish表示對現在的愿望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：過去式（be動詞用were）。 B用wish表示對將來的愿望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：would, could, might+ 動詞原形。 Cwish用于對過去的事實表示一種不可能實現的愿望時，賓語從句中的謂語動詞形式為：had+動詞過去分詞或could, would + have +動詞過去分詞。 The picture exhibition b

2、ored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it. -“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.” -“Thats all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.” I wish that he werent so lazy. 虛擬語氣的幾個句型主句謂語從句謂語wish現在動詞的過去式（be用were）過去had + 過去分詞could, would + have +過去分詞將來would, could, might+ 動詞原形虛擬語氣的幾個句型2、

3、would rather, would as soon, would sooner, just as soon和would prefer所引導的從句中要求用過去式表示當時或將來的情況，用過去完成時表示過去的情況。但這種虛擬語氣表示的不是與事實相反的假設，而是一種尚未實現的愿望或表示說話人婉轉的責備。 例如： Id rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把這封信立刻寄出去。 I would prefer he didnt stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那兒呆得太久。 I would just as soon you

4、had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把這本書還了。 （I would as soon do it as not.The warrior would as soon die as surrender.= The warrior would rather die as surrender. 那名戰士寧死不屈.） 虛擬語氣的幾個句型注意：would ratherthan 和would rather than 后面的從句用虛擬語氣。用法是than后的從句要用should+動詞原形, 從句的that可省略。I would rather die than (tha

5、t) he should know the secret.Hed do anything rather than (that) he should live with such a shameless woman.虛擬語氣的幾個句型do (than do) 寧愿(而不)sb. + 動詞過去式（與現在或將來事實相反）had + 過去分詞（與過去事實相反）would rather + 虛擬語氣的幾個句型3、had hoped/thought引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為would+動詞原形，表示一種過去未實現的愿望或令人失望的事。 His father had hoped that his son

6、 would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later.虛擬語氣的幾個句型4、 虛擬語氣用于as if/ as though引導的方式狀語從句和表語從句中，其動詞形式與wish賓語從句的形式相同。She often laughs spontaneously, and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.They talked as if they had been friends for ye

7、ars.She looks as if she would cry.虛擬語氣的幾個句型5、用在suppose開頭的祈使句中，從句的謂語動詞變化與as if和wish后面的動詞變化規律相同，用過去式、過去完成式、或過去將來式。意思是“假如”，但suppose 是動詞，不是連詞。如：Suppose the boss walked in，what should I do?Suppose Saddam had not been captured, what would the U.S. do?The law regards him as a criminal, _ he friend or enemy

8、. A. be B. being C. were D. are All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. be引導的讓步狀語從句，但要將be提到主語之前，用倒裝結構。 虛擬語氣的幾個句型6. whether it (he) be or意為“不管（不論）是還是”，表示讓步，為虛擬語氣的一種表示方法，其省略結構為be itor, be heor等，必須用倒裝。例如：Be he what he may, he should obey the rules.Every day he takes a walk in the park in t

9、he evening, whether it be fine or raining.Home is home, be it ever so homely.(再窮也是家)All matter, whether it be gas, liquid or solid, is made up of atoms.The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly. 虛擬語氣的幾個句型7、Its (high, about) time that 句型中that從句中要求用虛擬語氣形式，即動詞要

10、用過去式。 Its time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown. It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.虛擬語氣的幾個句型8、 if it were not for與現在事實相反， if it had not been for與過去事實相反，兩個都相當于but for： If it had not been for his help(=but for his help), we would not have succeeded. 9、由連接詞

11、in case, lest ,for fear that， (in order that, so that)引起的狀語從句中，謂語動詞要用虛擬形式，即should (might) +動詞原形，例如： She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself. but for a) used when you are saying that something would have ha

12、ppened if something or someone else had not prevented it:(要不是） But for these interruptions, the meeting would have finished earlier. The score could have been higher but for some excellent goalkeeping by Simon. I might never have got to university but for you. b) except for something or someone:(除了）

13、 All was silent but for the sound of the wind in the trees. 在英語中，but除了最常用的表示轉折關系外還有以下幾種常見用法： 一、but用作連詞，表示讓步關系，意思是“除非，要不是”，常與that一起構成but that, 相當于“if.not”。 例如：I would have failed but that your helped me. 二、but用作連詞，放在否定詞或疑問詞之后，作從屬關系，表示否定意義，可相當于that not. 例如： Never a month passed but she writes to her p

14、arents. 三、but用于表否定詞doubt,question,deny等之后，沒有實在意義，只相當于關系連詞that. 例如： Theres no doubt but he is a thief.四、but用作介詞，表示“除了”意義，相當于besides,except. 例如：No one knows him but she. 五、but用作副詞，相當于only, 常譯為“只不過，僅僅”。例如：He finished his homework but ten minutes ago.六、but用作代詞，表示從屬關系，在否定句中常相當于who/that not.例如：There is no

15、 one but likes to help him. 虛擬語氣的幾個句型Note: fear/be afraid/worried lest sb. do sth.表示害怕（擔心）某種可能出現的情況，從句中的動詞應用現在虛擬式。例如：She fears lest he arrive too late.We were afraid lest it be broken.虛擬語氣的幾個句型10. was (were) +to have done （不定式完成式）表示“原來想做而未做”后面通常but（陳述語氣）was to do 打算做某事-過去式 was to have done 能夠做卻沒做 表愿

16、望未達成I was to have arrived home on time, but my car was held up by a bad traffic jam. 虛擬語氣常用句型11. It is that sb. (should)句型一：It is 形容詞 that 句型二：It is a 抽象名詞 that 句型三：It is 過去分詞 that 虛擬語氣常用句型A、用于It is+形容詞/過去分詞/名詞+主語從句中，這類形容詞或分詞有： advisable合理的 decided決定的 crucial關鍵的 appropriate恰當的 determined決定的 commande

17、d命令的 arranged安排的 essential緊要的，基本的 complied遵照 anxious焦急的 imperative迫切的 important重要的 desirable合意的 better較好的，更好 insistent堅持的 desired想要 asked請求 keen渴望的 incredible難以置信的 adamant堅定不移的 natural自然的 insisted堅持 necessary必要的 suggested建議 urgent緊迫的 ordered命令 shocked震驚的 vital極其重要的 possible可能的 strange 奇怪的 preferable

18、 （好一點） proposed提議 requested要求的 required要求的 recommended推薦 resolved決定的 probable（可能的） pity可惜，憾事 shame遺憾 注意：這類形容詞后面除了可接that虛擬句以外，也可以forto do來表達，一般情況下，意思沒有什么差別。 It is essential that he should be prepared for this. It is essential for him to be prepared for this. 虛擬語氣常用句型B. 常這樣用的抽象名詞有：pity, shame, no wond

19、erC. Its suggested that the school (should) organize an outing when spring comes.It is required that middle-schools students (should) take at least one-hour exercise every day.虛擬語氣常用句型12. 建議、命令、和要求等,謂語形式是“(should)+動詞原形”。 A、 用于表示意愿、建議、命令、提議、請求等動詞后的that賓語從句中，這類動詞有： ask要求 advise建議 arrange安排 beg請求 comma

20、nd命令 decide決定 demand要求 desire渴望 determine決定 insist堅持 intend打算 maintain堅持主張 move建議，動員 propose提議 object反對 order命令 prefer建議 require 需要 request要求 resolve下決心 recommend推薦 suggest建議 stipulate約定，規定 urge強調，促進 vote公認，提議 decree頒布（法令） pray請求 注意：這類動詞后面除了可接that虛擬句以外，也可以接doing或者to do來表達，一般情況下，意思沒有什么差別。 She advised

21、 that we should keep the gate locked.（書面體） She advised us to keep the gate locked.（口語） She advised keeping the gate locked.(較隨便) 虛擬語氣常用句型NOTE:當suggest意為“暗示”，insist意為“堅持認為（一個事實）”時，其后的賓語從句中不用虛擬語氣。例如：1）Her face suggested (暗示) that she was ill. So I suggested (建議) that she (should) be sent to the hospit

22、al immediately. 2) He insisted that he was right. 她堅持認為自己是對的。虛擬語氣常用句型B用于由表示建議、要求、命令、請示等含義的名詞引導的表語從句和同位語從句中，這類名詞常見的有： advice忠告 decision決定 demand要求 desire要求、愿望 insistence堅持 motion提議 necessity必要性 order命令 preference偏愛 proposal提議 pray懇求 recommendation推薦 request要求 requirement要求 resolution決心 suggestion勸告、忠

23、告 例如： This is their resolution that extra-curriculum activities be made part of their school life.虛擬語氣常用句型13、if only引導的是省略了表示結果的主句的虛擬結構，現在已成為慣用法，表達愿望。形式為：用過去時或“would/ could +動詞原形”表示與現在或未來事實相反的愿望。過去完成時表示與過去事實相反的愿望。這類句型表示一種不真實的條件，常譯成要是.就好了！1）If only I had taken mothers advice我要是聽取媽媽的建議就好了。2）If only I

24、could speak several foreign languages我要是能講幾種外語就好了。3) If only you would listen to our advice.要是你聽我們的建議就好了。虛擬語氣常用句型14、在以in order that，so that，引導的目的狀語從句中，謂語動詞可用虛擬語氣。從句中的謂語動詞用may（might）動詞原形或should 動詞原形。1）She stayed at home for a few days so that she might take care of her sick mother2）The teacher explai

25、ned the sentences again and again in order that the students could understand them clearly虛擬語氣常用句型15. Imagine 后的虛擬語氣Imagine 表示現在或將來非現實情況的意想（用were型結構）；也可表示對過去非實際情況的意想（用had+過去分詞結構）Imagine that we were on an desolate island now. Imagine that you were laughed by those shallow people.Imagine that he had

26、not had taken those measures, （what would have happened?） 虛擬語氣真題匯總B B199562. We could _ him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked for a small flat.A. provide B. have provided C. not provide D. not have provided65. _, he would not have recovered so quickly.A. Hadnt he been

27、 taken good care ofB. Had he not been taken good care ofC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care ofC A C43. I _ the party much more if there hadnt been quite such a crowd of people there. 1996A. would enjoy B. will have enjoyed C. would have enjoyed D. will be enjoying

28、43. He left orders that nothing _ touched until the police arrived here.1997A. should be B. ought to be C. must be D. would be51. I was to have made a speech if _.A. I was not called away B. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called away D. nobody called me away B B C43. If your car _

29、 any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer. 1998A. shall need B. should need C. would need D. will need 49. If you have really been studying English for so long. Its about time you _ able to write letters in English. 1999A. should be B. were C. must be D . are 49. All

30、 of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there_ quite such a crowd of people there. 2000A. werent B. hasnt been C. hadnt been D. wouldnt be B A 200251. “What courses are you going to do next semester?” “I dont know. But its about time _on something.”A. I d decide B. I decided C. I decide D.

31、Im deciding50. _for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.A. Had it not been B. Hadnt it beenC. Was it not D. Were it not D D A200442._, Ill marry him all the same.A. Was he rich or poor B. Whether rich or poorC. Were he rich or poor D. Be he rich or poor44._ if I had arriv

32、ed yesterday without letting you know beforehand?A. Would you be surprised B. Were you surprisedC. Had you been surprised D. Would you have been surprised46.It is imperative that students _ their term papers on time.A. hand in B. would hand in C. have to hand in D. handed inA B C200551. If you explained