1、重難點13任務型閱讀之還原句子【命題趨勢】為了彌補閱讀理解客觀題(判斷是非題與單項選擇題)一統天下、考生容易猜測的局面，近年來各地中考英語閱讀理解部分都引入了屬于主觀題性質的任務型閱讀，要求考生或填寫表格(一般限定詞數)，或回答問題。這類試題的難度最大，考生如果不能真正讀懂并理解文章，就無法下筆。值得一提的是,近年來任務型閱讀的主觀題在各地中考英語試題中所占的比例越來越大，有的地方試題甚至采用兩篇,既要求考生根據文章填寫表格，又要求考生在閱讀文章后回答問題，但是，綜觀任何一組中考英語閱讀理解試題，試題的難易度分布非常有序。【滿分技巧】1.抓住過渡句，看住上下句2.盯緊橫線的前后詞語【熱點話題】

2、任務型閱讀之還原句子熱衷于科普類、【限時檢測】（建議用時：30分鐘）A（2019貴州省畢節市）話題：科普類難度：建議用時：5分Firesdohappen.Ifthereisafire,youmightnothavemuchtimetodecidewhattodo.Beingpreparedandknowingwhattodoearlycansaveyourlife._1_Yourfamilyshouldpracticethisgetting-outplan._2_Ifyouhavesuchameetingplaceoutside,youcanquicklymakesurethateveryon

3、eisoutofthehouse.Youshouldalsorememberthatsmokeisusuallyfarmoredangerousthanthefire.Apersoncandieafterjustafewminutesinasmokefilledroom._3_Finally,beforeyouopenanydoors,alwaysfeelthedoorlockfirst.Ifthedoorlockishot,firemustbeontheothersideofthedoor._4_Youwillhavetofindanotherwayout.Thesearesimplesug

4、gestions._5_【答案與解析】【文章大意】本篇文章難度適中，主要講述如何在火災中自救的方法。1.B【解析】根據Yourfamilyshouldpracticethisgetting-outplan“你的家人應該練習這個逃走的計劃”中的this可知，上文中必須要出現getting-outplan，“最重要的事情就是要有一個逃走計劃”，故選B。2.A【解析】根據Ifyouhavesuchameetingplaceoutside,youcanquicklymakesurethateveryoneisoutofthehouse“如果你在外面有一個這樣的集合地點，你就能確認每個人都出了房子”中的

5、“suchameetingplace”可知，空處應填“你的家人應該在外面有一個集合地點”故選A。3.C【解析】根據Youshouldalsorememberthatsmokeisusuallyfarmoredangerousthanthefire.Apersoncandieafterjustafewminutesinasmokefilledroom“你應該記得煙通常比火更加危險，在一個充滿煙的房間一個人幾分鐘后就會死去”可知，本段主要講述煙的危害，并講述如何避免煙造成的危害，即“因為煙是上升的，所以要保持低到地面”故選C。4.F【解析】根據Ifthedoorlockishot,firemust

6、beontheothersideofthedoor“如果門鎖是熱的，火一定在們的另一邊”以及Youwillhavetofindanotherwayout“你將不得不找另一個路出去”可知，空處表示“不準開門”，故選F。5.E【解析】根據Thesearesimplesuggestions“這些都是簡單的建議”中的these可知，空處表達“如果你能記住他們，在火災中你就會更安全”，故選E。B（2019貴陽市）話題：提供建議類難度：建議用時：5分Howmuchphysicalactivitydoyoudoinaweek?Areyougettingenoughexercise?_1_Forexample

7、,peoplewhoexerciseregularlyarelesslikelytosufferfrommanydiseases.Regularexercisereducestheriskofearlydeathby30%.Italsoimprovesyoursleepquality.Today,mostadultsaremuchlessactivethaninthepastbecauseourjobsarefarlessphysicalthantheworkourgrandparentsusedtodo._2_Thislackofregularphysicalactivitymeanspeo

8、pleburnfewercaloriesthaninthepast,soweneedtodosomethingtoconsume(消耗)ourenergy.Expertsthinkadultsneedtodo2.5hoursofmoderateexerciseperweek._3_Exercisecanbeexpensive,butitdoesnthavetobe.Teamsportssuchasfootballcanbecheapbecausealltheplayerssharethecostofthefield._4_Itcanalsobeverysocial.Ifyoudontwantt

9、ospendanymoney,tryoneofthefollowingactivities.Goforarun.Theonlyequipmentyouneedisapairofrunningshoes.Ifyoutakethebus,trygettingoffonestopearlyandwalkingtheextradistance.Gotothepark._5_Youcanplaydifferentkindsofgamesthere.Thisisagreatwaytoinvolvefamilymembersandfriends.Inshort,therearemanyeasywaysofk

10、eepingfit.Ifweallrecognizethevalueofdoingthis,wewilllivelongerandbehealthier.【答案與解析】【文章大意】這篇短文主要是鼓勵人們運動并對如何運動提出了建議。1.C【解析】根據下文Forexample,peoplewhoexerciseregularlyarelesslikelytosufferfrommanydiseases.Regularexercisereducestheriskofearlydeathby30%.Italsoimprovesyoursleepquality.可知上文是有規律的活動在許多方面對你的健康

11、有益。故選C。2.F【解析】根據下文Thislackofregularphysicalactivitymeanspeopleburnfewercaloriesthaninthepast,soweneedtodosomethingtoconsume(消耗)ourenergy.可知上文是每天我們許多人花費7個小時或更多僅僅坐在一個椅子上。故選F。3.B【解析】根據上文Expertsthinkadultsneedtodo2.5hoursofmoderateexerciseperweek.可知下文這能快走或在平地上騎自行車。故選B。4.E【解析】根據上文Teamsportssuchasfootball

12、canbecheapbecausealltheplayerssharethecostofthefield可知下文是加入一個足球俱樂部是鍛煉的一個便宜的方式。故選E。5.A【解析】根據下文Youcanplaydifferentkindsofgamesthere.Thisisagreatwaytoinvolvefamilymembersandfriends.可知上文是嘗試和家人或朋友一起去。故選A。C（2019河南）話題：科普類難度：建議用時：5分Aproverbisashort,well-knownsayingthatexpressesacommontruthorbelief.Proverbsa

13、refoundinmostculturesandareoftenveryold.InAmericanhistory,BenjaminFranklinwasascientist,inventorandwriteraswellasaleaderoftheAmericanRevolution._1_Franklinwroteabookcalled“PoorRichardsAlmanac”._2_Someofthemarestillusedtoday,likethisone:“Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy,wealthyandwise.”Frankl

14、inisalsorememberedforotherproverbslike,“Apennysavedisapennyearned.”_3_HereareotherexamplesofproverbsthatAmericansuse.Thefirstonesareaboutlove.Somepeoplesay,“Allisfairinloveandwar.”Theymeanthatanythingyoudoinarelationshiporinbattleisacceptable.,_4_Inotherwords,whenyouareinlovewithsomeone,youmayrefuse

15、toseeanythingbadaboutthatperson.Hereisanotherpopularsayingaboutlove:“Thewaytoamansheartisthroughhisstomach.”Somepeoplebelievethatawomancanwinamansloveifsheprepareshisfavoritefoods.“_5_”Thisproverbistrueinloveandwarorothersituations.Itmeansthatwhatyoudoismoreimportantthanwhatyousay.Wehavetostophereso

16、wemustsay,“Allgoodthingsmustcometoanend.”:WordBankpenny便士earn賺囊根據材料內容，從下面五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項，使文章意思通順、內容完整。A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.B.Anotherproverbsays“Loveisblind.”C.Hewasalsofamousforhisproverbs.D.Thismeansthatmoneyshouldnotbewasted.E.Heincludedmanyproverbsthathehadheardorcreated.【答案與解析】【文章大

17、意】該閱讀材料屬于說明文，本文向大家介紹了一些美國的諺語和格言。1.C【解析】細節理解題。根據上文的句子InAmericanhistory,BenjaminFranklinwasascientist,inventorandwriteraswellasaleaderoftheAmericanRevolution.在美國歷史上，本杰明富蘭克林是一位科學家、發明家和作家，同時也是美國革命的領導者。可知，下文應該是對Franklin的進一步介紹。結合所給的選項可知，選擇Hewasalsofamousforhisproverbs.他也因他的諺語而出名。符合語境。故選C。2.E【解析】細節理解題。由后一句

18、中Someofthemarestillusedtoday可知，此處應連接上下文，對可憐的理查德年歷中所出現的諺語格言進行描述。結合所給的選項可知，選擇Heincludedmanyproverbsthathehadheardorcreated.他包括許多他聽到或創造的諺語。符合語境。故選E。3.D【解析】細節理解題。由前文中“Apennysavedisapennyearned.”可知，此處應是對諺語的進一步解釋。結合所給的選項可知，選擇Thismeansthatmoneyshouldnotbewasted.這意味著錢不應該浪費。符合語境。故選D。4.B【解析】細節理解題。根據下文的句子Inoth

19、erwords,whenyouareinlovewithsomeone,youmayrefusetoseeanythingbadaboutthatperson.換句話說，當你愛上某人時，你可能會拒絕看到他有什么不好的一面。可知，下文應該提到有關“愛”的諺語。結合所給的選項可知，選擇Anotherproverbsays“Loveisblind.”另一句諺語說“愛是盲目的”。符合語境。故選B。5.A【解析】細節理解題。根據下文的句子Thisproverbistrueinloveandwarorothersituations.Itmeansthatwhatyoudoismoreimportantth

20、anwhatyousay.這句諺語在愛情、戰爭或其他情況下是正確的。這意味著你所做的比你所說的更重要。可知，上文應該提到有關“行動”方面的諺語。結合所給的選項可知，選擇Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.行動勝于雄辯。符合語境。故選A。D（2019吉林省）話題：科普類難度：建議用時：5分Itseasytotellsomeonegoodnews,butwhataboutbadnews?Arethereanygoodwaystogivebadnewswithoutmakingpeopletooupset?_1_SaysomethinggoodTrytostarttheconve

21、rsationwithsomethinggoodsothatwhatyousayisnotallbad.Forexample,Iknowyouplaysoccerverywell,butweonlyneedoneteammate.Oryoumayendtheconversationwithapromise._2_PrepareyourlistenerforthenewsUsewordstointroducewhatyouregoingtosay,likeImreallysorry,but.orImafraidIvegotsomebadnews._3_Trytogiveareason._4_Tr

22、ytoexplainthedecision:ifyouhavetocancelatripwithfriends,canyouexplainwhy?_5_Ifyouregivingsomeonebadnews,trytouseasoftfriendlyvoicetomakeyousoundkind.Saythingstoshowyouunderstand,likeImreallysorry.Iknowthismustbedisappointing.根據短文內容，將下面方框內的句子還原到文中空白處，使短文內容完整、通順（每個選項只能用一次）。A.Imsureyouwilljoinusinthene

23、xtgameB.ThefollowingwaysmighthelpC.UseasoftfriendlyvoiceD.ThisgivesthelistenertimetoprepareforwhatyouwillsayE.Peopleliketoknowwhythingsgowrong【答案與解析】【文章大意】本篇文章難度適中，主要講述如何將不好的消息告訴對方的方法。1.B【解析】根據Itseasytotellsomeonegoodnews,butwhataboutbadnews?Arethereanygoodwaystogivebadnewswithoutmakingpeopletooupse

24、t“告訴其他人好消息容易，但是壞消息呢？有沒有好的方法可以在不讓人太沮喪的情況下告訴別人壞消息呢？”可知，空處表示“下面的方法可能會幫助你”，故選B。“2.A【解析】根據Oryoumayendtheconversationwithapromise或者你可以用一個承諾結束對話”可知，可以說“我相信你會參加下一場比賽”。故選A。3.D【解析】根據Usewordstointroducewhatyouregoingtosay,likeImreallysorry,but.orImafraidIvegotsomebadnews“用詞來介紹你要說的話，比如我真的很抱歉，但是或者我恐怕我有一些壞消息”可知,這

25、會給聽眾準備你將要說的話，故選D。4.E【解析】根據Trytogiveareason“嘗試給一個理由”可知，人們喜歡知道什么會出錯，故填E。5.C【解析】根據Ifyouregivingsomeonebadnews,trytouseasoftfriendlyvoicetomakeyousoundkind“如果你給某個人壞消息，嘗試著用柔和的、友好的聲音來讓你聽起來很友好”可知，要使用柔和的友好的聲音，故選C。E（2019廣州市）話題：科普類難度：建議用時：6分閱讀短文及文后AE選項,選出可以填入4650各題空白處的最佳選項。Smokealarms(報警器)Housefirescausemanyd

26、eathseachyearandalargenumberofthesefiresareunfortunatelysetbychildren._1_Kidsmustunderstandthattheydbetternotplaywithfire.Youshouldkeepmatchesandlightersoutoftheirreach._2_Themainjobofsuchanalarmistoprotectyouwhileyoureasleep.Youshouldhaveasmokealarmoutsideeachbedroomandoneachfloorofyourhome.Youough

27、ttohavetwoplansforgettingoutofyourhouseifthereisafireandpractisetheseplansinthedarkwithyourfamily.Asmokealarmwarnsyouofthedanger._3_Takeactionimmediately.Whenyoucometoacloseddoor,checkitwiththebackofyourhand.Ifitfeelshot,theremaybesmokeorfirebehindthedoor,sotakecare.Onceyouareoutofyourhouse,callthef

28、iredepartmentfromaneighborshouse.Ifafamilymemberorapetiscaughtinside,youshouldntgobackin.Firemenknowhowtoperformrescuessafely._4_Changethebatteriesatleastonceayear.Youshouldusethetestbuttoneachmonthtoseeifthealarmandbatteriesarestillworking.Asmokealarmlastsabouttenyears.Yououghttochangeitevenifitsee

29、mstobeworking.Abouttwooutofthreefiredeathshappeninhomeswithnoworkingsmokealarms._5_A.MostofthesedeathscanbeavoidedB.Butwhenyouhearit,youdonthavemuchtimeC.AsmokealarmisonlygoodifitsworkingproperlyD.So,itsimportanttoteachthemthatfireisatool,notatoyE.Asmokealarmgreatlyreducesyourchancesofbeinghurtinafi

30、re【答案與解析】【文章大意】房屋火災每年都造成很多人死亡，并且很多火災都是有兒童引起的，因此有必要教給孩子們不要玩火。為了以防萬一，家里可以安裝煙霧報警器，它能大大減少火災中受傷的可能性。這篇短文對使用煙霧報警器給了我們一些建議。1.D空前這句話Housefirescausemanydeathseachyearandalargenumberofthesefiresareunfortunatelysetbychildren.提到“很多火災都是由孩子們引起的”；空格后Kidsmustunderstandthattheydbetternotplaywithfire提到“孩子們最好不要玩火”，前后為

31、因果關系，因此這里應起到承接上文，并引出文章主題的作用，故應選D，意為“因此教給他們火是工具，而不是玩具是很重要的”。2.E下句話Themainjobofsuchanalarmistoprotectyouwhileyoureasleep提到了煙霧報警器的作用，這個空位于該段的第一句話，應該是對整段內容的概括，故應選E，意為“煙霧報警器大大降低了你在火災中受傷的可能性”。3.B根據空格前Asmokealarmwarnsyouofthedanger.可知，煙霧報警器可以警告我們有危險；空格后的這句話Takeactionimmediately.要我們馬上采取行動，因此當你聽到煙霧報警器響的時候，逃離

32、的時間就不多了，故應選B，與空后形成因果關系。4.C根據這一段的內容Changethebatteriesatleastonceayear.Youshouldusethetestbuttoneachmonthtoseeifthealarmandbatteriesarestillworking.可知，這一段中告訴我們要注意更換煙霧報警器的電池，每個月應使用測試按鈕，看看報警器和電池是否還在工作。故這一段是想告訴我們煙霧報警器只有在正常工作時才是管用的。故應選C。5.A空格前Abouttwooutofthreefiredeathshappeninhomeswithnoworkingsmokealar

33、ms提到，大約有三分之二的火災死亡事件都是由于沒有煙霧報警器，A選項中的thesedeaths呼應了上句話的內容，故應選A，意為“大多數死亡案例是可以避免的”。F（2019天水市）話題：科普類難度：建議用時：6分TheInternetisshapingourLives.Wealreadyhaveonlineshoppingservicesandmobilepayment.However,thisisjustastart.Theworldsleadingtechcompaniesareplanningtobuildsmarteronlinecommunities._1_ItwasheldinWu

34、zhen,Zhejianglastyear.Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligence（AI，人工智能）wasahottopicattheconference（會議）Ifamachinecanlearnandsolveproblemsashumansdo,itcanbecalledAI.ThecompanyAlibahausesAItechnologyinitsunmannedsupermarketinWuzhen.Hereisnosalespersoninthesupermarket,justatabletonadeskthatsays“pleasesmil

35、e”._2_The(（biggeryoursmileis,themorediscounts折扣)youwillget.Paymentisdoneautomatically自動地）throughyourAlipay（支付寶）account.Whenyoufirstenterthesupermarket,thesupermarketsAIrecognizesyourfaceandyouraccount.ThereisalsoAIthatcanreadlips._3_Itrecognizesyourmouthsmovementsandturnsthemintovoicesortextmessages

36、.Thiscouldbeveryusefulwhenyouaretryingtotalktosomeoneonyourphoneinanoisyplace.Policecouldalsousethetechnologytohelpthemfindcriminalsuspectsbylip-readingrecordingsfromvideocameras._4_MicrosoftschatbotXiaoIcecannotonlyprovideusefulinformation,butalsochatwithpeoplelikearealfriend.XiaoIcehasaWeChataccou

37、nt.Afterfollowingtheaccount,userscanstarttalkingwithher._5_Shekeepsimprovingherselfbytalkingwithusers.Thesetechnologiesarebeingputintowideruse.Wemayseeasmarterworldandbetterlivesinthenearfuture.A.Sheknowswhentocomfortyouortelljokes.B.TheydiscussedthisattheWorldInternetConference.C.Sougoubroughtitslip-readingsystemtot