1、動名詞動名詞Grammarl動名詞的定義動名詞的定義 時態(tài)時態(tài)語態(tài)語態(tài)一般時一般時完成時完成時主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)writing having written 被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)being written having been written 它是一種兼有它是一種兼有動詞和名詞動詞和名詞特征的非謂語動詞形式。基本形式特征的非謂語動詞形式。基本形式為為:v-ing, 動名詞具有名詞的性質(zhì)，因此在句中可以做動名詞具有名詞的性質(zhì)，因此在句中可以做主語、主語、表語、賓語、定語表語、賓語、定語等。動名詞有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。等。動名詞有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。動名詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)的基本形式動名詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)的基本形式

2、：（以：（以write為例）為例）注意：注意：動名詞的動名詞的否定否定形式是：形式是：not writing lV-ing形式的構(gòu)成方式：形式的構(gòu)成方式：1.1.在一般情況下，在動詞原形后直接加詞尾在一般情況下，在動詞原形后直接加詞尾 inging。 Eg. go going; do doing; ask asking; Eg. go going; do doing; ask asking; study studying; fly flying study studying; fly flying2.2.在以不發(fā)音的在以不發(fā)音的e e 結(jié)尾的動詞后，去掉結(jié)尾的動詞后，去掉e e，再加，再加-

3、ing- ing。 Eg. come coming live livingEg. come coming live living3.3.在閉音節(jié)的單音節(jié)動詞后、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的多音節(jié)動在閉音節(jié)的單音節(jié)動詞后、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的多音節(jié)動詞，而末尾只有一個輔音字母時，將這個輔音字母雙寫（詞，而末尾只有一個輔音字母時，將這個輔音字母雙寫（x x除除外），然后再加外），然后再加 ing. ing. Eg.sit sitting; run running; begin beginningEg.sit sitting; run running; begin beginning4.4.在少數(shù)幾個以在少數(shù)幾

4、個以 ie ie 結(jié)尾的動詞后：須將結(jié)尾的動詞后：須將ie ie 變作變作y y，再，再加加- ing- ing。( (這些動詞詞典一般均注明這些動詞詞典一般均注明) ) Eg. die dying; tie tying lie lyingEg. die dying; tie tying lie lying 性質(zhì)性質(zhì)主語主語表語表語賓語賓語賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)定語定語狀語狀語動動名名詞詞n.動名詞能在句中充當(dāng)什么成分？動名詞能在句中充當(dāng)什么成分？動名詞的基本用法動名詞的基本用法用作主語用作主語所表動作比較抽象，或者泛指習(xí)慣性的動作。所表動作比較抽象，或者泛指習(xí)慣性的動作。Playing with

5、 fire is dangerous. Climbing mountains is really fun. 注意：注意：動名詞做主語，有時先用動名詞做主語，有時先用it作形式主語，把動名詞置于作形式主語，把動名詞置于句末。這種用法在習(xí)慣句型中常用。句末。這種用法在習(xí)慣句型中常用。 1)It is no use/ good / useless + doing2)It is a waste of time+doing 3)It is fun+doing 在以上兩種結(jié)構(gòu)中常用動名詞作主語。在以上兩種結(jié)構(gòu)中常用動名詞作主語。Its no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水難收

6、）覆水難收）There is no joking about the matter. It is fun playing with children. 和孩子們一起玩真好。和孩子們一起玩真好。 2. 用作賓語用作賓語1）作）作動詞動詞的賓語的賓語 某些動詞后出現(xiàn)非限定性動詞時只能用動名詞作賓語，不能某些動詞后出現(xiàn)非限定性動詞時只能用動名詞作賓語，不能用不定式。常見的此類動詞有：用不定式。常見的此類動詞有：advise, allow, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, kee

7、p on, mind, miss, put off, delay, practise, resist, suggest, depend on, look forward to, pay attention to等。等。如：如： They went on walking and never stopped talking. 他們繼續(xù)走，說個不停。他們繼續(xù)走，說個不停。 I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海灘上走真是樂事。在海灘上走真是樂事。 為了便于記憶，特歸納如下：為了便于記憶，特歸納如下：后跟后跟-ing的動詞的順口溜：的動詞的

8、順口溜：避免，錯過，（少）延期避免，錯過，（少）延期建議，完成，（多）練習(xí)建議，完成，（多）練習(xí)喜歡，想象，禁不住喜歡，想象，禁不住承認(rèn)，否定，（又）妒忌承認(rèn)，否定，（又）妒忌逃避，冒險，（多）原諒逃避，冒險，（多）原諒忍受，保持，（不）介意忍受，保持，（不）介意avoid, miss, put offsuggest, finish, practiceenjoy, imagine, cant helpadmit, deny, envyescape, risk, excusestand, keep, mind2）作）作介詞介詞的賓語的賓語 We are thinking of making a

9、new plan for the next term. 我們正考慮為下學(xué)期制定新的計劃。我們正考慮為下學(xué)期制定新的計劃。 Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我們休息呢還是開始干活？我們休息呢還是開始干活？ He was late again because of getting up late. Lock the doors and windows before going out. What/How about the two of us playing games？注意：注意：to 在下列短語中是介詞，常跟在下列短語中是

10、介詞，常跟動名詞動名詞作賓語。作賓語。 be/get used to look forward to get down to pay attention to devote oneself to lead to contribute to object to（反對）（反對） Lets get down to preparing for the exam.動名詞用在下列詞組后作賓語：動名詞用在下列詞組后作賓語：give up, cant help, be worth, be busy, put off, think of，insist on等等 She cant help crying at t

11、he sad sight. 4) 既可接既可接動名詞動名詞又可接又可接不定式不定式的常用動詞有：的常用動詞有：remember, forget, regret, mean, try等，但表達(dá)的意等，但表達(dá)的意義不同。義不同。 I remember seeing her at the hotel. 我記得在賓館見過她。我記得在賓館見過她。(動作發(fā)生了動作發(fā)生了) I will remember to see her at the hotel. 我記著要去賓館見她。我記著要去賓館見她。(動作尚未發(fā)生動作尚未發(fā)生)1remember/forgetto do動作尚未發(fā)生動作尚未發(fā)生doing 動作已經(jīng)

12、發(fā)生動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生2. try to do 設(shè)法、努力去做，盡力設(shè)法、努力去做，盡力doing 試試去做（看有何結(jié)果）試試去做（看有何結(jié)果）3. mean to do 打算做（主語一般是人）打算做（主語一般是人）doing 意味著（主語一般是物）意味著（主語一般是物）4.regretto do 對將要做的事抱歉對將要做的事抱歉doing 對已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事感到后悔對已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事感到后悔5. stop to do 停下去做另外一件事停下去做另外一件事doing 停止做手頭的事情停止做手頭的事情6. cant help to do 不能幫助做某事不能幫助做某事doing 情不自禁做某事情不自禁做某事7.

13、 go onto do 放下手中的事，繼續(xù)做別的事放下手中的事，繼續(xù)做別的事doing 繼續(xù)做原來的事繼續(xù)做原來的事 Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任務(wù)就是擦窗戶。你的任務(wù)就是擦窗戶。 (Cleaning the windows is your task.) What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被別人嘲笑。我最痛恨的就是被別人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.) 作表語作表語 動名詞作表語時句子主語常是表示無生命的事物的動名詞作表語時句子主語常是表

14、示無生命的事物的名詞或名詞或what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。表語動名詞與主表語動名詞與主語通常是對等的關(guān)系語通常是對等的關(guān)系，表示主語的內(nèi)容，主語、表，表示主語的內(nèi)容，主語、表語可互換位置。語可互換位置。 練一練練一練1. My watch needs _,but I have no time to go to town to have it _. to repair; repaired B. to be repaided; repairingC. repairing; repaired D. being repaired; repaired2. You should apolog

15、ize to your sister for _ her the truth. tellingB. not telling C. telling not D. not tell3. -The light in the office is still on. -Oh, I forgot _ it off.A. turning B. turnC. to turn D. having turned4. Hearing the bad news, the mother couldnt help _. to cryB. cryingC. cryD. cries5. Our teacher told us

16、 to spend some time _ English every day. to practise speaking B. practising speakingC. to practise to speak D. practising to speak6. It is no use _ without doing. to promiseB. promising C. promiseD. to be promised動詞短語動詞短語Grammar1.1.以以breakbreak為中心為中心break away frombreak away from脫離，逃離脫離，逃離break down

17、 break down 出故障，崩潰，粉碎，瓦解出故障，崩潰，粉碎，瓦解break in break in 闖進(jìn)，打斷闖進(jìn)，打斷break into break into 闖入；強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入闖入；強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入break out break out 爆發(fā)，發(fā)生爆發(fā)，發(fā)生break off break off 打斷，斷絕，折斷；打斷，斷絕，折斷； 突然終止突然終止break through break through 突破；克服突破；克服break up break up 破碎；解散，分解；結(jié)束破碎；解散，分解；結(jié)束The plan _ just because people were unwilling

18、 to cooperate.A. turned down B. pulled down C. broke down D. put down 2.2.以以bringbring為中心為中心bring about bring about 導(dǎo)致，引起，促使導(dǎo)致，引起，促使bring back bring back 帶回，使回憶，使恢復(fù)帶回，使回憶，使恢復(fù)bring down bring down 使下降，打垮，擊落使下降，打垮，擊落bring forward bring forward 提出；提前提出；提前bring in bring in 把把帶進(jìn)來；引進(jìn)；掙得帶進(jìn)來；引進(jìn)；掙得( (收入收入) )

19、bring on bring on 導(dǎo)致，引起，使發(fā)展導(dǎo)致，引起，使發(fā)展bring out bring out 使顯現(xiàn)；出版使顯現(xiàn)；出版bring up bring up 撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育，培養(yǎng)撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育，培養(yǎng)Now Id like to _ the question of funds.A. bring about B. bring down C. bring forward D. bring in 3.3.以以callcall為中心為中心call at call at 訪問訪問( (某地某地) )；停泊在；停泊在call away call away 叫走；把叫走；把( (注意力注意力) )轉(zhuǎn)移開

20、轉(zhuǎn)移開call for call for 需要，要求；接需要，要求；接( (某人某人) )，迎，迎call in call in 召集，收集；下令收回召集，收集；下令收回call off call off 取消，下令停止取消，下令停止call on call on 要求，恭請；號召；拜訪要求，恭請；號召；拜訪( (某人某人) )call out call out 下令罷工；召喚出動下令罷工；召喚出動call up call up 打電話給打電話給；召集；使想起；召集；使想起 - Can I do the job? - Im afraid not, because it _ skill and

21、patience.A. calls for B. asks for C. sends for D. cares for 4.4.以以carrycarry為中心為中心carry away carry away 沖走，帶走；沖昏某人頭腦沖走，帶走；沖昏某人頭腦carry back carry back 拿回，運(yùn)回；使想起拿回，運(yùn)回；使想起carry off carry off 成功地對付；獲得成功地對付；獲得( (獎品獎品) )carry on carry on 堅持，繼續(xù)，進(jìn)行堅持，繼續(xù)，進(jìn)行carry out carry out 貫徹，執(zhí)行，實(shí)施貫徹，執(zhí)行，實(shí)施carry through ca

22、rry through 堅持到底，進(jìn)行到底；履行堅持到底，進(jìn)行到底；履行( (承諾承諾) )The audience were _ by her beautiful song.A. carried away B. carried on C. carried out D. carried through 5.5.以以comecome為中心為中心come about come about 發(fā)生發(fā)生come across come across 偶爾發(fā)現(xiàn)；偶然遇到偶爾發(fā)現(xiàn)；偶然遇到come back come back 回來；恢復(fù)，復(fù)原回來；恢復(fù)，復(fù)原come off come off ( (頭發(fā)、

23、牙齒、紐扣頭發(fā)、牙齒、紐扣) )脫落，離開脫落，離開come on come on 上演；開始；趕快；發(fā)展上演；開始；趕快；發(fā)展come out come out 出來；發(fā)芽；出版；結(jié)果是；說出出來；發(fā)芽；出版；結(jié)果是；說出come over come over 訪問；突然感到訪問；突然感到come round/around come round/around 蘇醒；拜訪；再次發(fā)生蘇醒；拜訪；再次發(fā)生come to an end come to an end 終止，結(jié)束終止，結(jié)束come to life come to life 蘇醒蘇醒come to light come to light

24、明朗化，出現(xiàn)，顯露出來明朗化，出現(xiàn)，顯露出來come to oneself come to oneself 恢復(fù)常態(tài)恢復(fù)常態(tài)*When it _ tennis, you cant beat her.A. come about B. come across C. come out D. come to *I simply couldnt understand how it _ that you did so much work within such a short time.A. came across B. came about C. came up D. came back *The tr

25、uth will sooner or later _. A. come about B. turn out C. come out D. give out 6.6.以以cutcut為中心為中心cut away cut away 切去，砍掉切去，砍掉cut down cut down 砍倒，削減，縮短砍倒，削減，縮短cut off cut off 切斷，中斷；阻礙，阻擋切斷，中斷；阻礙，阻擋cut out cut out 切下，剪下，裁下；刪去切下，剪下，裁下；刪去cut through cut through 開辟開辟( (出路等出路等) )cut up cut up 切碎，切掉；使悲傷切碎，

26、切掉；使悲傷*Jimmy was really _ when all his friends refused to help him.A. cut away B. cut off C. cut out D. cut up7.7.以以fallfall為中心為中心fall back fall back 撤退，后退撤退，后退fall behind fall behind 落后，落伍，落在后面落后，落伍，落在后面fall down fall down 不夠好不夠好fall in love with fall in love with 愛上愛上fall into fall into 陷入；養(yǎng)成陷入；養(yǎng)成

27、fall off fall off 衰退，減少衰退，減少fall over fall over 被被絆倒絆倒*Dont walk too near the edge of the cliff (懸?guī)r懸?guī)r), you might _ . Ablow over Bfall over Ccarry off Dcut off 8.8.以以getget為中心為中心get about get about 徘徊，走動；流傳徘徊，走動；流傳get across get across 使被理解使被理解get along get along 前進(jìn)，進(jìn)步；離去，相處前進(jìn)，進(jìn)步；離去，相處get around get

28、 around 走動；傳播走動；傳播get away get away 離開，逃脫離開，逃脫get back get back 取回，回來；報復(fù)取回，回來；報復(fù)get down to get down to 認(rèn)真對待，靜下心來認(rèn)真對待，靜下心來get out of get out of 由由出來，從出來，從得出；避免；放棄得出；避免；放棄get over get over 越過；恢復(fù)，痊愈；克服；完成越過；恢復(fù)，痊愈；克服；完成get rid of get rid of 除去，去掉；免除，擺脫除去，去掉；免除，擺脫get through get through 撥通；到達(dá)；完成；通過；及格撥通

29、；到達(dá)；完成；通過；及格get up get up 起床，起立；忙于，從事起床，起立；忙于，從事9.9.以以givegive為中心為中心give away give away 贈送；失去；泄露贈送；失去；泄露/ /透露；背棄；分發(fā)透露；背棄；分發(fā) give back give back 歸還；還給；歸還；使恢復(fù)歸還；還給；歸還；使恢復(fù)give in give in 屈服，讓步，投降屈服，讓步，投降give sth in (to sb)give sth in (to sb) 呈上；交上呈上；交上give in to sb/sth give in to sb/sth 向某人向某人/ /某物讓步；屈

30、服于某物讓步；屈服于give out give out 分發(fā)；公布；發(fā)出；用完，耗盡分發(fā)；公布；發(fā)出；用完，耗盡give off give off 發(fā)出發(fā)出( (光、煙、氣味等光、煙、氣味等) )give way (to) give way (to) 屈服于；給屈服于；給讓路，為讓路，為所代替所代替give up give up 放棄；停止放棄；停止 【活學(xué)活用活學(xué)活用】(1)Believe in yourself and never _(屈服屈服)(2)The authorities have shown no signs of _(向向屈服屈服) the kidnappers demand

31、s.(3)The room is _(發(fā)出發(fā)出) a musty smell.(4)They are _(贈送贈送) prizes at the new store.(5)What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has _(用完用完)?(6)The doctors did everything to _(使我恢復(fù)使我恢復(fù)) the use of legs, but in vain.We will never _(放棄放棄) working, whatever happens. The news of the mayor

32、s coming to our school for a visit was _the radio yesterday. give ingiving in togiving offgiving awaygiven outgive me backgive upgiven out Give out the newsthe news意為意為“播報新聞播報新聞”. .10.10.以以gogo為中心為中心go about go about 開始做某事；忙于某事開始做某事；忙于某事go across go across 度過，越過度過，越過go after go after 追逐，追求，跟隨追逐，追求，跟

33、隨go against go against 反對，不利于反對，不利于go ahead go ahead 前進(jìn)，進(jìn)展，繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，進(jìn)展，繼續(xù)go along with go along with 陪伴，和陪伴，和一道走一道走go away go away 離開，走掉離開，走掉go by go by 經(jīng)過，過去經(jīng)過，過去go for go for 支持，贊成；適用于，去支持，贊成；適用于，去( (取、拿取、拿) )go off go off 走開；爆炸走開；爆炸go on go on 繼續(xù)，接下去繼續(xù)，接下去go out go out 出去；熄滅；送出；播出出去；熄滅；送出；播出go over g

34、o over 溫習(xí)，檢查溫習(xí)，檢查go round go round 拜訪；參觀拜訪；參觀go through go through 審查，履行；通過；經(jīng)歷，忍審查，履行；通過；經(jīng)歷，忍受受go too far go too far 走得太遠(yuǎn)，做走得太遠(yuǎn)，做/ /說得太過火說得太過火go up go up 上升，上漲；攀登上升，上漲；攀登go without go without 沒有沒有也行也行11.11.以以keepkeep為中心為中心keep away (from) keep away (from) 不接近，避開，遠(yuǎn)離不接近，避開，遠(yuǎn)離keep back keep back 阻止，扣留，

35、隱瞞阻止，扣留，隱瞞keep in mind keep in mind 記住記住keep off keep off 不接近，遠(yuǎn)離；避免吃不接近，遠(yuǎn)離；避免吃( (或喝、吸或喝、吸) )某物某物keep out keep out 使使不入內(nèi)；不卷入不入內(nèi)；不卷入keep pace with keep pace with 跟上，同跟上，同步調(diào)一致步調(diào)一致keep to keep to 堅持；固守，遵守堅持；固守，遵守keep up keep up 繼續(xù)；繼續(xù)；( (天氣天氣) )持續(xù)不變；保持，維持持續(xù)不變；保持，維持keep up with keep up with 趕上，跟上，與趕上，跟上，與

36、并肩前進(jìn)并肩前進(jìn)12.12.以以looklook為中心為中心look aboutlook about四下環(huán)顧；查看四下環(huán)顧；查看look after look after 照顧，看管照顧，看管look around look around 東張西望東張西望look back look back 回顧，回頭看回顧，回頭看look back on/upon look back on/upon 回顧回顧look for look for 尋找；期待，期望尋找；期待，期望look down on/upon look down on/upon 俯視；輕視俯視；輕視look forward to look

37、 forward to 盼望，期待盼望，期待look into look into 窺視；調(diào)查；瀏覽窺視；調(diào)查；瀏覽look on/upon aslook on/upon as把把看作看作look out look out 向外看；注意；當(dāng)心，提防向外看；注意；當(dāng)心，提防look out for look out for 當(dāng)心，尋找，搜尋當(dāng)心，尋找，搜尋look through look through 透過透過看去；看穿；瀏覽看去；看穿；瀏覽look up look up 查閱；仰視查閱；仰視look up to look up to 仰慕，尊敬仰慕，尊敬13.13.以以pickpick為中

38、心為中心pick off pick off 去除；選擇去除；選擇( (目標(biāo)目標(biāo)) )射擊射擊pick out pick out 精心挑出，辨別出精心挑出，辨別出pick up pick up 接接( (某人某人) )，搭載；撿起；學(xué)會；，搭載；撿起；學(xué)會；( (偶然偶然) )得到得到 14.14.以以putput為中心為中心put away put away 把把放好，把放好，把收拾；儲藏收拾；儲藏put down put down 放下；鎮(zhèn)壓；記下放下；鎮(zhèn)壓；記下put forward put forward 提出；撥快；建議，推薦；提倡提出；撥快；建議，推薦；提倡put in put in

39、 安裝；添上；打斷安裝；添上；打斷put off put off 推遲，延期；消除；推脫，脫下推遲，延期；消除；推脫，脫下put on put on 上演；穿上；增加；開動上演；穿上；增加；開動put ones heart into put ones heart into 全神貫注，專心致志全神貫注，專心致志put out put out 熄滅，伸出，拿出熄滅，伸出，拿出put through put through 完成；完成；( (電話用語電話用語) )撥通；使穿過撥通；使穿過put up put up 舉起，掛起；提名，推薦；安排住宿舉起，掛起；提名，推薦；安排住宿put up with

40、 put up with 忍受，容忍忍受，容忍15.15.以以sendsend為中心為中心send away send away 解雇；趕走，把解雇；趕走，把送往遠(yuǎn)處送往遠(yuǎn)處send for send for 派人去叫派人去叫( (請、拿請、拿) )send off send off 發(fā)出，寄出；郵購，函購發(fā)出，寄出；郵購，函購send out send out 發(fā)出，散發(fā)發(fā)出，散發(fā)send up send up 發(fā)射；使上升；取笑發(fā)射；使上升；取笑16.16.以以taketake為中心為中心take after take after 仿效，與仿效，與相似相似take away take aw

41、ay 拿走，減去；消除拿走，減去；消除take back take back 收回，取消收回，取消take care of take care of 當(dāng)心，注意；照顧；提防；謹(jǐn)慎當(dāng)心，注意；照顧；提防；謹(jǐn)慎take charge of take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)，主管負(fù)責(zé)，主管take down take down 取下；記下；拆毀取下；記下；拆毀; ; 拆掉，拆除拆掉，拆除take in take in 留宿；欺騙；吸收；理解留宿；欺騙；吸收；理解take off take off 脫掉脫掉( (衣服等衣服等) )； ( (飛機(jī)飛機(jī)) )起飛；起程起飛；起程 ; ; ( (價格價格)

42、 )打折；打折； 請假，休息請假，休息take on take on 呈現(xiàn)；雇傭；承擔(dān)，擔(dān)任呈現(xiàn)；雇傭；承擔(dān)，擔(dān)任take ones place take ones place 代替代替take out take out 拿出，取出；去除拿出，取出；去除take over take over 接管，接任；占上風(fēng)接管，接任；占上風(fēng)take part in take part in 參與，參加參與，參加 take place take place 發(fā)生；舉行發(fā)生；舉行take pride in take pride in 以以為榮，對為榮，對感到驕傲感到驕傲take up take up 拿起；從

43、事拿起；從事 ( (某項活動某項活動) )； 繼續(xù)做繼續(xù)做; ;占用占用 ( (時間或空間時間或空間) )；take apart take apart 把把 ( (小型機(jī)器、鐘表等小型機(jī)器、鐘表等) ) 拆開、拆散；拆開、拆散； ( (在體育運(yùn)動或比賽中在體育運(yùn)動或比賽中) )輕易擊敗某人輕易擊敗某人【活學(xué)活用活學(xué)活用】(1)Im sorry I was rude; I _ (收回收回) everything I said. (2)We find it difficult to _ (理解理解) what he has taught.(3)The company decided to _ (聘

44、用聘用) a new secretary. (4)When the picture was _ (取下來取下來), the wall looked very bare. (5)Would you like me to _ (接手接手) the driving for a while?take backtake intake ontaken downtake over17.17.以以thinkthink為中心為中心think aboutthink about考慮考慮think of as think of as 把把看作看作think out think out 仔細(xì)考慮，想通仔細(xì)考慮，想通th

45、ink over think over 仔細(xì)考慮仔細(xì)考慮think through think through 想通；充分考慮想通；充分考慮think up think up 想出；發(fā)明想出；發(fā)明18.18.以以turnturn為中心為中心turn away turn away 把把打發(fā)走，轉(zhuǎn)臉不理睬打發(fā)走，轉(zhuǎn)臉不理睬turn down turn down 調(diào)小；駁回，拒絕考慮調(diào)小；駁回，拒絕考慮turn off turn off 關(guān)上；拐彎；使厭煩關(guān)上；拐彎；使厭煩turn on turn on 打開；依靠，取決于；突然攻擊打開；依靠，取決于；突然攻擊turn out turn out 出席

46、；證明是；向外；出現(xiàn)出席；證明是；向外；出現(xiàn)turn over turn over 翻轉(zhuǎn)；轉(zhuǎn)動翻轉(zhuǎn)；轉(zhuǎn)動turn round/around turn round/around 旋轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)過身來旋轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)過身來turn in turn in 上交上交(=hand in)(=hand in)turn to turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于turn upside down turn upside down 顛倒過來，翻過來顛倒過來，翻過來 1 1【誤誤】 He is listening the teacher carefully. He is listening the teacher care

47、fully. 【正正】 He is listening carefully. He is listening carefully. 【正正】 He is listening to the teacher carefully. He is listening to the teacher carefully. 【解析解析】 學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)義動詞，一定要分清楚這個動詞屬于及物動詞學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)義動詞，一定要分清楚這個動詞屬于及物動詞還是不及物動詞，然后再根據(jù)不同的使用規(guī)則使用不同的動詞。還是不及物動詞，然后再根據(jù)不同的使用規(guī)則使用不同的動詞。 對比辨析 2 2【誤誤】 The mixture is tasted

48、terrible. The mixture is tasted terrible. 【正正】 The mixture tastes terrible. The mixture tastes terrible. 【解析解析】 連系動詞后接形容詞或相當(dāng)于形容詞連系動詞后接形容詞或相當(dāng)于形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)作表語。除了少數(shù)幾個的結(jié)構(gòu)作表語。除了少數(shù)幾個( (如如get, become, get, become, growgrow等等) )外，系動詞不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)和被動結(jié)構(gòu)。外，系動詞不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)和被動結(jié)構(gòu)。3 3The new movie_The new movie_ to be one of the t

49、o be one of the biggest moneymakers of all time. biggest moneymakers of all time. A Apromises promises B Bagrees agrees C Cpretends pretends D Ddeclinesdeclines【解析解析】 A A考查動詞詞義辨析。考查動詞詞義辨析。 promise promise表示表示“允諾，答應(yīng)允諾，答應(yīng)”， “有有的希望的希望”的意思；的意思；agreeagree意為意為“同意，贊同同意，贊同”；pretendpretend意為意為“假裝假裝”；declinedecline意為意為“減少，衰退減少，衰退”。只有。只有promisepromise符合題意。句意符合題意。句意為：這部新電影有望成為電影票房史上票房最高的影片之一。為：這部新電影有望成為電影票房史上票房最高的影片之一。4. 4. The film The film AvatarAvatar ( ( 阿凡達(dá)阿凡達(dá) ) will be on tonight ) will be on tonight but