1、NCE-2New Concept EnglishLesson 4An exciting tripI.Key words exciting, receive, firm, differentII.Key structures The present perfect simple現在完成時 key points Revision 寄，送明信片損壞博物館公共的友好的服務員借給決定整個的唯一的sendpostcardspoilspoilt/spoiledmuseumpublicfriendlywaiterlenddecisionwholesingle Postcards always _ my hol

2、idays. Last summer, I went to _. I _ museums and sat in _ gardens. A _ waiter taught me a few words of _. Then he _ me a book. I read a _ lines, but I did not _ a word. Every day I _ _ my postcards. My holidays passed _, but I did not _ cards to my friends. _ the last day I _ a big _. I got up _ and

3、 _ thirty-seven cards. I _ the _ day in my room, _ I did not write a _ card!spoilItalyvisitedpublicfriendlyItalianlentfewunderstandthoughtaboutquicklysendOnmadedecisionearlyboughtspentwholebutsingleRevision 單詞學習lexciting adj. 令人興奮的lreceive v. 接受，收到lfirm n. 商行，公司ldifferent adj. 不同的lcentre n. 中心labroa

4、d adv. 在國外New wordsexcitingadj. 令人興奮的 excited adj. 感到興奮的 -ed自己感到自己感到 interested, bored, relaxed-ing令人感到令人感到 interesting, boring, relaxinge.g. I am interested in this book. This is an interesting book.exciting adj. 令人興奮的l這個消息真讓人興奮。The news is really exciting.l我很激動. I am excited.lexcite v. 激動l這個消息讓我激動

5、。The news excites me.linteresting adj. 令人感到有趣的linterested adj. 感到有意思的l這本書很有意思。The book is interesting.linterest v. 對感興趣l那本書讓我感到很有趣。The book interests me. v.接受，收到（客觀的收到）e.g. receive a letter (from sb.)This morning I receive a bunch of flowers.同義 accept同意，接受（主觀）e.g. This morning I received a bunch of

6、flowers，but I didnt accept it.receivetake接受，收到e.g. take the exam, take adviceNew wordsreceivel vt. 接到，收到，得到l你什么時候收到的那封信？lWhen did you receive that letter?l vt. 招待，接待l如果你要招待這么多客人的話，你需要一個大房間。lYou need a large room if you are going to receive so many guests.lreceive是“收到”，指的是一個客觀的動作laccept 主觀上同意接收l今天早上我

7、收到了一個男孩送給我的一束花，但是我并沒有接受。lThis morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy, but I didnt accept it.differentl adj. 不同的，相異的（經常與from連用）l我們今年有不同的打算。lWe are planning something different this year. l我的房間與你的不同。lMy room is different from yours.l adj. 各種各樣的，不同的l這家百貨商店出售許多各種各樣的東西。lThis department store se

8、lls a large number of different things.l他去過中國的不少地方。lHe has visited many different places in China. abroad adv. 在國外（副詞, 直接和動詞連用）l去國外lgo abroadl去國外學習lstudy abroadl今年我想去國外，有可能去法國南部。lI would like to go abroad this year, perhaps to the South of France.課文講解lI have just received a letter from my brother, T

9、im. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will

10、soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.lI have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. l同位語：一個名詞（或短語等）與另一個名詞（或短語）并列而作為其說明或限定成分時稱為同位語。同位語與它所補充說明的成分之間用逗號隔開。l這位是約翰。他是我最好的朋友之一。lThis is John, one of my be

11、st friends. l我的鄰居史密斯夫人從來沒有出過國。lMrs. Smith, my neighbor, has never been abroad. lHe has been there for six months.lhas been + 地點 + for + 時間l在某地多長時間l他已經在北京一年了。lHe has been in Beijing for one year.l他已經在美國呆了兩年了lHe has been in America for tow years.lI have arrived in Beijing. larrive 是瞬間動詞不能和段時間連用lTim is

12、 an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. lwork for 在上班/任職，強調workl我在學校任職。lI am working for a school.lwork in 強調地點（在哪個地方上班）l我在醫院工作。lI am working in the hospital.lA great number of 大量的l在花園里有許多漂亮的花。lThere are a great number of

13、 beautiful flowers in the garden.lHe has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia.lhas gone to 去了某地沒回來lhas been to 曾經去過某地, 現在不在那個地方l你去過巴黎嗎？lHave you been to Paris?lLucy去了圖書館。lLucy has gone to the library.lHe will soon visit Darwin. From the

14、re, he will fly to Perth. lsoon: 很快(時間)l他馬上就來lHe will come soon.l一會見!lSee you soon!lfrom 既可以加時間又可以加地點l我從8點半到11點半在那。lI was there from half past 8 to half past 11l從這里到火車站多遠?lHow far is it from here to the station?lfly to Perth=go to Perth by airlMy brother has never been abroad before, so he is findin

15、g this trip very exciting.lfind作“發現”、“發覺”講時賓語往往帶補足語（一般為形容詞），說明賓語的狀況、性質等。lfind +賓語+形容詞做賓補l當我回到家的時候，我發現房間很干凈。lWhen I returned home, I found the room clean.l她發現嬰兒還在睡lShe found her baby still asleep.New wordsfirmn.商行，公司 law firm法律公司company公司 differentadj.不同的 same相同的adv.differently, n. differencee.g. be

16、different from differences between A&BNew wordscentren.中心，中央（美式center）adj. central中央的，中心的e.g.in the centre (of spl), central park, the city centreabroadadv. 在國外e.g. go abroad, study abroad live abroad, be abroadQ: What can you see in the picture? Lead inQ: What happened to the man? Can you guess?1.

17、How long has Tim been in Australia?Listen and answer the question.New LessonTim has been in Australia for six months.2. What does he do in Australia?He is working for a big firm as an engineer.3. Why is Tim finding the trip exciting?Because Tim has never been abroad before. This is his first trip ab

18、road.New Lesson An exciting tripI have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car

19、and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.Language points1. I have just received a letter from my brother.收到某人來信2.He is working

20、 for a big firm.get a letter from sb.have a letter from sb.hear from sb.在上班、任職,還可以用work at/ine.g.My father works for a business company.3. he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. a number of+可數名詞的復數，number前一般可用large, great, small等形容詞強調數量大小。a great many of + 可數名詞a grea

21、t amount of + 不可數名詞Language points4. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs.He has gone to the south.(還在)He has been to the south.(去過)5. He is finding this trip very exciting.find+n+adj.覺得怎么樣e.g.I find the film disppointing. Do you find the book very interesting?Summary w

22、ritingAnswer these questions in not more than 50 words. What has the writer just received from his brother?2. Is Tim an engineer, or is he a doctor?3. How long has he been in Australia?4. Has he already visited many places or not?5. Where is he now?6. Has Tim ever been abroad before or not?7. Is he

23、enjoying his trip very much or not?Summary writing The writer has just received a letter from his brother, Tim. Tim is an engineer. He has been in Australia for six months. He has already visited many places. Now he is in Alice Springs. Tim has never been abroad before. He is enjoying his trip very

24、much.現在現在完成完成時態時態WinterWinter has has alreadyalready comecome. .Grammar現在現在完成完成時的構成形式時的構成形式 have done has助動詞助動詞過去過去分詞分詞Grammar用來表示之前已經發生或完成的動作或狀態，而其結果卻和用來表示之前已經發生或完成的動作或狀態，而其結果卻和現在有聯系現在有聯系: 動作或狀態發生在過去動作或狀態發生在過去,但它的但它的影響現在還存在影響現在還存在。 They have left. -他們已經離開了他們已經離開了,也就是說現在他們人不在這里也就是說現在他們人不在這里 I have h

25、ad my lunch. -我已經吃過午飯了我已經吃過午飯了,也就是說我現在不餓也就是說我現在不餓現在現在完成完成時的含義時的含義也可表示也可表示持續到現在持續到現在的動作或狀態。的動作或狀態。 He has learned English since 2001. -從從2001年開始學的年開始學的,現在還在繼續學著呢現在還在繼續學著呢nowpastfuture一般過去時一般過去時一般過去時表示的是純粹在過去發生的事情一般過去時表示的是純粹在過去發生的事情現在完成時表示的是在過去某個時間開始并持續到現現在完成時表示的是在過去某個時間開始并持續到現在的動作在的動作/狀態狀態,或者發生在過去卻對現

26、在造成的影響或者發生在過去卻對現在造成的影響Grammar 現在完成時與一般過去時的比較現在完成時與一般過去時的比較 1）一般過去時一般過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作； 現在完成時現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。I saw this film yesterday.（強調看的動作發生過了。）（強調看的動作發生過了。）I have seen this film. (強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了。）強調對現在的影響，電影的內

27、容已經知道了。）2一般過去時一般過去時常與具體的表示過去的時間狀語連用常與具體的表示過去的時間狀語連用;現在完成時現在完成時通常與模糊時間狀語連用或無時間狀語。通常與模糊時間狀語連用或無時間狀語。一般過去時的時間狀語一般過去時的時間狀語: yesterday, last week，ago, in1990, in October, just now, - 具體的時間狀語具體的時間狀語現在完成時的時間狀語現在完成時的時間狀語: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few yea

28、rs, recently, -模糊的時間狀語模糊的時間狀語句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時錯錯Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.對對Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.Grammar3現在完成時現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態,動詞一動詞一般是延續性的般是延續性的,如如live,t

29、each,learn,work,study, know. 一般過去時一般過去時常用的非持續性動詞有常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。等。She joined the League three years ago.(加入的動作不是延續的加入的動作不是延續的)She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago).(在團內的狀態可延續在團內的狀態可延續)She has been a League member for t

30、hree years (since three years ago).(是團員的狀態可持續是團員的狀態可持續)Grammar延續動詞表示經驗、經歷；延續動詞表示經驗、經歷；瞬間動詞表示行為的結果瞬間動詞表示行為的結果,不能與表示一段不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。時間的狀語連用。比較延續動詞與瞬間動詞比較延續動詞與瞬間動詞 He has finished the work.他已完成了那項工作。他已完成了那項工作。 (表結果表結果)Ive known him since then.我從那時起就認識他我從那時起就認識他了。了。(表經歷表經歷)Grammarsince 用來說明動作起始時間用來說明動作

31、起始時間 “自從自從”for用來說明動作延續時間長度用來說明動作延續時間長度 “長達長達”I have lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.My aunt has worked in a company since 1949. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.比較比較since和和for并非有并非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現在完成時作為時間狀語的句子都用現在完成時I worked here for more than

32、twenty years. (我現在已不在這里工作。我現在已不在這里工作。)I have worked here for many years. (現在我仍在這里工作。現在我仍在這里工作。)GrammarHe has gone to Shanghai.他他(已經已經)去上海了。去上海了。He has been to Shanghai.他他(曾經曾經) 去過上海。去過上海。比較比較 have/has been to , have/has gone toGrammarHe died 10 years ago. - He _ _ _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago

33、.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He _ _ the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He _ _ the motorbike for a month.4. He arrived here three days ago. - He _ _ here since three days ago.5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. - The light _ _ _ for 2 hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. - He _ _ _ from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes.8. They opened the door a