1、高一英語課文知識點模塊IIUNIT 41.decrease vi.,vt.,n.減少，下降 *The number of traffic accidents decreased last year. *Our sales are decreasing.*We have to decrease your wages because of the financial crisis. *A big decrease in sales caused the store to close. decrease的反義詞是increase，用法相同2.die out 絕種，滅絕 *Many animals h

2、ave died out in the past few years. die away 消逝，平息，靜下來 *The sound died away. *The wind died away.3.long vi.渴望 A. long to do *She longed to be back to her hometown.*Im longing to hear from you again. B. long for +n.*How I long for your opinion.4.stomach的復數是stomachs5.at that at可以表示 “聽到、看到” *At the goo

3、d news, he jumped with joy. *He was very angry at losing it. *Im surprised at what he said.6.where there is在有的地方where引導的定語從句可以轉為地點狀語從句或表語從句。where引導的定語從句和where引導的表語/狀語從句的區別對照：A.This is the town where I was born. This is where I was born. B.The book is at the place where you left it. The book is where

4、 you left it. C.Take him to the place where its quiet. Take him where its quiet. D.Ill drive you to the place where you are going. Ill drive you where you are going. E.I will meet you at the place where we first met. I will meet you where we first met. F.Keep sitting at the place where you are. Keep

5、 sitting where you are.G.Bamboo grows best at the place where its warm and wet. Bamboo grows best where its warm and wet.H.They are taking photos at the place where stands Big Ben They are taking photos where stands Big Ben.*Where others are weak, he is strong.*Where there is a will, there is a way.

6、 *He succeeded where others failed. 小結:where若引導定語從句，前面必須要有先行詞；先行詞若作狀語還必須帶有介詞.7.burst into laughterburst into常見的搭配有：burst into laughter/tears突然大笑/大哭但 burst out laughing/crying8.money from tourists only went to the large tour companies.來自游客的錢都到大的旅游公司那里去了。注意go to的引申意義 *The award goes to a different act

7、or each year. *The honour should go to someone who deserves it.9.a certain number of一定數量的 certain adj.(作定語)一定的，某個; (作表語)肯定的， *Im certain/sure that he will come. *Are you certain about that? *Its certain that he will win.(不能用sure) *A certain person called on you tectfrom保護免遭 *He raise

8、d his arm to protect his face from blow. *An umbrella is used to protect people from rain. 也能說protectagainst11.contain vt.包含，含有，里面有 *Vegetables contain vitamins. *The basket contains a lot of fruit. *His article contains no mistakes at all. include vt.包括在內(列在、收在里面) *The list includes many new names.

9、 *I included eggs on the shopping list. *He was not included in the party.*The bill doesnt include the item.12.affect vt.影響 *A sudden change in the weather may affect your health. *His opinion will not affect my decision.注意effect n.影響；作用；效果 *Did the medicine have effect on your illness? *Violence in

10、 films has a bad effect on children.13.appreciate vt.欣賞；感激；意識到 *Thats because you cant appreciate music. *He is the person I appreciate. *I greatly appreciate your kindness, *I would appreciate it if you could help me.14.experience n.經驗；經歷 作“經驗”解釋時是不可數名詞；作“經歷”解釋時是可數名詞。 *She has no experience of life

11、 at all. *The job requires three years experience as a nurse. *Ive had a very upsetting experience.15.if wildlife protection is to succeed如果野生動物保護要成功的話 be to do可用在if的條件句中，中文常譯作“如果要的話”，所以和if條件句用一般時是不一樣的。 *If he is to succeed, he must practice more. If he succeeds, he must practice more.× *If it

12、rains tomorrow, well not go out.If it is to rain tomorrow, well not go out.× succeed vi.成功 *The experiment has succeeded. *They didnt succeed in the experiment. *They didnt succeed in doing the experiment. “成功地做某事”不能說succeed to do，要說succeed in doing16.sell very well sell大多數情況下作及物動詞，例如： *Will yo

13、u sell me your bike?*All the tickets have been sold out.但和well, badly或easily連用時，必須用主動形式表示被動意義，sell, wash, write, read等。 *His novel sells well. *The cloth washes well/easily. *This pen writes well. *His story reads well.17.harm n.&vt. A. n.危害，害處(不可數)*I see no harm in what I did.harm作名詞多以doharm/do

14、 harm to的形式出現*Smoking does much harm to your health.*It will not do you any harm.=It will do you no harm.=It will do no harm to you.=No harm will be done to you. B.vt.損害，對有害處*I have never harmed anybody.*Smoking harms your health. harmful adj. harmless adj. *Smoking is harmful to your health.18.tens

15、 of millions of 幾千萬hundreds of 幾百thousands of 幾千tens of thousands of 幾萬hundreds of thousands of 幾十萬millions of 幾百萬hundreds of millions of 幾億e into being vi.產生，出現 *Thus the first trade union came into being. *No one knows when this custom first came into being.20.fierce adj.激烈的，兇猛的 fierce fight/debat

16、e/competition/wind/storm/ animalUseful expressionsas a result 結果endangered animals 瀕危動物bamboo growing area 竹子生長區know of 了解wake up 醒來a flying carpet 飛毯take a photo 拍照without mercy 毫不容情a certain number of 一定數量的the importance of wildlife protection野生動植物保護的重要性run after 追趕tens of millions of 幾千萬UNIT 51.D

17、o you like music?有些名詞泛指時不帶冠詞,特指時帶冠詞, 如：music, history, culture, science等。 A.*I like music. *He has no ear for music. *Then she played the music of Mozart. *I like some of the music. B.*I am fond of history. *There have been many changes in the history of the English language. *This is a house with a

18、 long history.C.*the development of education, science *Teaching is also a science. *the science of cooking D.*Ancient Egypt had an advanced culture. *the culture of ancient Egypt *He is a man of culture.2.dream A. n. *He had a strange dream. *I have a dream. B. vi. *Do you dream at night? C. vt. *H

19、e dreamed a dream. *He dreamed that he was at sea. D. dream of *I never dream of such a thing. *I dream of peace. *He dreams of being a singer.3.pretend A. pretend to do假裝做某事 *He doesnt pretend to be an expert.*When Mother came in, he pretended to be sleeping. *He pretended not to see me this mornin

20、g. B. pretend that *He pretended that he didnt see me this morning.*When Mother came in, he pretended that he was sleeping.4.to be honest 此處to be honest作獨立成分。不定式作獨立成分的固定說法有：*To tell (you) the truth, I cannot go today. *To make a long sentence short, he married her and they lived happily together.*To

21、 begin with(首先), the situation is not favorable.*To make matters worse(更糟糕的是), she lost her only son.5.attachtoattach A to B 附加A到B; 使A附屬于B *You should attach the latest news to the report.改為被動態 The latest news should be attached to the report. *The submarine was attached to the Pacific Fleet.（隸屬于） *

22、the High School Attached to Zhejiang University浙大附中 *a room with a garage attached *aid with no conditions attached attach importance to重視 *He didnt seem to attach importance to the question. *Much importance should be attached to your spelling.6.form vt.形成，組成，養成 *He formed his own theory in his thi

23、rties. *Form good habit when you are young. *His character was formed at school. *The four young men formed a band. *Five colleges formed the university.7.passers-by英語中合成名詞的復數變化有下列幾種情況：A.第一個組成詞變為復數son-in-lawsons-in-law(女婿)looker-onlookers-on(旁觀者)passer-bypassers-by(行人，過路人)B.第一個和第二個組成詞都變成復數man doctor

24、men doctors；woman writerwomen writers；此時僅僅限于由man, woman組成的復合名詞C.最后一個組成詞變為復數boy friendboy friends；girl friendgirl friends；grown-upgrown-ups8.extra *He often works extra hours to earn extra money. *I dont think they need extra help.9.perform vi, vt; performance n.表演;表現 *At what theatre did they perfor

25、m? *They gave their first performance at the new theatre.*Our team performed well yesterday.*Our teams performance was excellent in the match yesterday.10.rely on/upon指望，依靠 *You can rely on him. *They rely on themselves, which is better. *You may rely on me to help you.11.be popular adj.大眾的，流行的，受歡迎的

26、popular song 流行歌曲popular science大眾科學 be popular with/among受的歡迎 *Tom is very popular with girls. *Short skirts used to be popular among girls.12.be familiar with 和be familiar toA be familiar with B (A熟悉B)=B be familiar to A (B對A來說是熟悉的) *Im familiar with his name.=His name is familiar to me.*We are fa

27、miliar with the singer and his songs are familiar to us.13.The Monkees would play and sing would在此處表示過去的習慣動作*At that time, the woman would sit at the door and wait for her son.*He would sit there for hours sometimes, doing nothing at all.14.or so大約(放在數詞后面) *Mr Brown will be back in three days or so.

28、 *There will be twenty or so people at the party. 比較：*Mr Brown will be back in about three days.*There will be about twenty people at the party.15.break up *After midnight, the party broke up.(散場) *The crowd broke up.(散開) *The two friends broke up.(散伙) *Sentences can be broken up into clauses. (拆開) *The school broke up for summer vacation. (學期結束)break 的常用詞組break away脫離，逃脫break down壞掉，拋錨；垮掉break out(戰爭、火災)