1、AMERICANFRONTIER1.What is frontier?邊界；國境，邊疆They lined the north-western frontier with soldiers. 他們沿西北邊境線駐扎了士兵。（學科或活動的）尖端，邊緣；前沿；.pushing back the frontiers of science.推進科學前沿。邊界的；開拓的The frontier town boomed when gold was discovered nearby. 當那個邊疆城鎮附近發現金礦時它迅速而蓬勃發展起來。1.What is frontier?F Familiar amiliar

2、 VSVSU UnfamiliarnfamiliardiverseunknownexoticfrontierfrontierThe term came from French in the 15th century, with the meaning borderland the region of a country that fronts on another country (see also marches).marches: 邊界地區（尤指英格蘭與蘇格蘭或威爾士的）frontierfrontier1.What is frontier?2.What is American Fronti

3、er?GeographyCulturalHistoryFolkloreAmerican westward expansionAmerican westward expansionthe admission of the last mainland territories as statesEnglish colonial settlementearly 17th centuryearly 17th century191219122.What is American Frontier?In North American development, frontier refers to a cont

4、rasting region at the edge of a European-American line of settlement, or settled area.1. Before 1770s2. 1770s to 1800s3. 1800s to 1850s4. 1850s to 1890s2.1 Before 1770sThe American frontier began in 1607. From the earliest days of European settlement to about 1680, the frontier was essentially any p

5、art of the interior of the continent west of the Appalachian. 2.2 1770s to 1800sThe Old West or the Trans-Appalachian West lying between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River.FirstFrontierSecondFrontier2.3 1800s to 1850sLouisiana Purchase-The land lying between the Mississippi River an

6、d the Rocky Mountains.2.4 1850s to 1890sPacific Coast and Interior Frontier of Manifest Destiny and Conquest-Oregon, California, Texas, and New Mexico.Following the eleventh U.S. Census in 1890 the superintendent announced that there was no longer a frontier in the U.S.Sod house（草泥墻房屋）Log cabin（小木屋）

7、3. Life on the American Frontier3. Life on the American Frontier3. Life on the American FrontierMaking soap from lye（堿液）, water, and ashes from the fireplaceSpinning wool into yarn or flax into threadTending a garden so the family had a variety of vegetablesSewing and repairing the familys clothesPi

8、oneers would make their own clothes, from shearing the wool and spinning it into thread, to actually weaving the fabric, and finally, fashioning it into a garment.A spinning wheel from the 1820s.The print below shows two women preparing supper on a small, portable stovea relative luxuryin front of t

9、heir tents, in 1866.3. Life on the American FrontierYou need only one soap: Ivory soap, proclaims this ad from 1898, which shows a pioneer washing with a novelty floating soap, at his campsite. 3. Life on the American FrontierFrontier utility knives:a butcher knifea skinning knifeand a small antique paring knife3. Life on the American FrontierFarm kitchen cutlery and kitchenwareA grain fanner, from the 1850s, would blow air through wheat to separate