1、數量增減的翻譯一、數字增減的譯法：1.句式特征：by名詞比較級thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one. 這根導線比那根長3英寸。2.句式特征：表示增減意義的動詞to+n.譯為：增加到?；驕p少到。 Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50. 金屬切割機已經減少到50臺。數量增減的翻譯二、百分數增減的表示法與譯法二、百分數增減的表示法與譯法1. 表示增減意義的動詞The output value has increased 35%. 產值增加了352. 表示增減意義的動詞byR

2、etail salses should rise by 8%。 商品零售額應增加3The prime cost decreased by 60%. 主要成本減少603. 表示減少意義的動詞to+%表示減少后剩余的數量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%. 采用這種新工藝，鐵的損失量減少到20數量增減的翻譯4. 比較級 than表示凈增減的數量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year. 今年零售額與去年相比，有望增加9

3、。5. 比較級 名詞表示凈減數The new-type machine wasted 10 percent energy supplied. 新型機械能耗量凈減106. a + % + increase表示凈增數There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.與去年相比，今年鋼產量凈增207. + (of) 名詞（代詞）表示凈減數，數字n照譯The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年產值僅為去年的608. %up on 或over表示凈增數The

4、 grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978. 去年糧食產量比1978年凈增20數量增減的翻譯三、英語倍數句型及其譯法三、英語倍數句型及其譯法英語表示倍數增減或倍數對比的句型多種多樣，其中有 一些（如下文中的句型、（12） 等， 見圈碼）很容易譯錯其主要原因在于：英漢兩語在表述或對比倍數方面存在著語言與思維差異。倍數增加 (一) A is n times as great（long，much，）as B.（） A is n times greater （longer， more，）t

5、han B.（） A is n times the size （length， amount，）of B.() 以上三句都應譯為；A的大?。ㄩL度，數量，）是B的n倍或A比B大（長，多，）n-1倍. Eg. This book is three times as long as （three times longer than，three times the length of ）that one. 這本書的篇幅是那本書的3倍（即長兩倍）。 注：當相比的對象B很明顯時，than（as，of）B常被省去。 數量增減的翻譯（二）increase to n times（） increase n tim

6、esn-fold（） increase by n times（） increase by a factor of n（） 以上四式均應譯為：增加到n倍（或：增加n-1倍）。 Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year. 集成電路的產量比去年增加了兩倍。 Eg. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986 化肥產量比1986年增

7、加了4倍。 數量增減的翻譯Eg. That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. 那可使代謝率提高到原來的2倍或3倍（即提高1倍或2倍）。 Eg. The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four. 漏電壓增加了3倍（即增加到原來的4倍）。 注：在這類句型中increase常被raise，grow，go/step up，multiply等詞所替代。 數量增減的翻譯倍數減少 （一）A is n times as small （light，slow，）as B.（12）

8、 A is n times smaller （lighter， slower，) than B.（13） 以上兩句均應譯為：A的大小（重量，速度，）是B的1/n或A比B小（輕，慢，）（n-1）/n。 Eg. The hydrogen atom is near1y l6 times as light as the oxygen atom. 氫原子的重量約為氧原子的1/16（即比氧原子約輕15/16）。 Eg. This sort of membrane is twice thinner than ordinary paper. 這種薄膜比普通紙張要薄一半（即是普通紙厚度的1/2）。 注：當相比的

9、對象B很明顯時，than/as B常被省去。 數量增減的翻譯（二）decrease n times/n-fold （14） decrease by n times（15） decrease by a factor of n（16） 以上三式均譯為：減少到1/n或：減少(n-1)/n。 decrease常被reduce， shorten， goslow down等詞替代。 Eg. Switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened 3 times. 新型晶體管的開關時間縮短了1/3（即縮短到2/3）。 Eg. When the volta

10、ge is stepped up by ten times the strength of the current is stepped down by ten times. 電壓升高9倍，電流強度便降低9/10（即90）。 數量增減的翻譯（三）There is a n-fold decrease/reduction 應譯為：減至1/n 或：減少（n一1）/n。（17） 這個句型還有其它一些形式， Eg. A rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed 發現迅速減少到1/7。 Eg. The principal advantage of the p

11、roducts is a two-fold reduction in weight. 這些產品的主要優點是重量減輕了1/2。 將下列句子譯成英語1速度等于距離與時間之比。速度等于距離與時間之比。2本文對其性能做了初步的分析。本文對其性能做了初步的分析。3該電阻器上的電壓為總電壓的該電阻器上的電壓為總電壓的3/54這個系數比那個小這個系數比那個小10倍倍5這里使用了兩種方法的結合來設計共發放大這里使用了兩種方法的結合來設計共發放大氣（氣（common-emitter amplifier）6在這種情況下，每個部件底部的壓力是相同在這種情況下，每個部件底部的壓力是相同的，所以該系統處于平衡狀態。的，

12、所以該系統處于平衡狀態。線圖：line / curve chart1 Speed is equal to the ratio of distance to time.2 An initial analysis of its performance has been made in this paper.3 The voltage across this resistor is three-fifths (of) the total voltage.4 This coefficient is a factor of 11 times less than that one.5 Here a com

13、bination of the two methods is used to design a common-emitter amplifier.6 The ratio of inductive reactance to resistance is called the Q of the circuit.圖形作文n按照圖形的種類（柱、線、餅、表和流程圖）進行分類講解，線圖時側重數據的動態變化描述，餅圖時可能需要重點講解百分比表達，表格數據較多時可能需要講到數據分類的思路等。另一種方式是按照數據的體現形式（橫比、縱比、百分比）進行思路和語言的總結。 n圖：chart, graph, diagra

14、mn線：line / curve chartn柱圖：bar / column graphn餅：pie diagramn表：table / statistics / figuresThe bar graph demonstrates that the most UK visitors went to France and Spain, which were 11.0 and 9.5 million. Also, many British travelers were attracted by the USA (4.0 million), Greece (3.5 million) and Turk

15、ey (2.0 million). n復雜柱圖:bar / column graph復雜柱圖:bar / column graphn90% of those who held a skilled vocational diploma were men, compared with only 10% of women. More women held undergraduate diplomas (70%) and marginally more women reached degree level (55%). Men with postgraduate diplomas clearly ou

16、tnumbered their female counterparts (70% and 30% respectively) 餅圖：pie diagramn“占”： Occupy Be shared by Account for Be responsible for Be in charge of Be in the charge of 百分比: A small percentage of (X%) A quarter of The minority of (X%)(小部分) Half of The majority of (X%) Most of (X%) One-fifth of A po

17、ssible answer: (Band 6.5) 餅圖：pie diagramnThe pie graph demonstrates that heating rooms and water occupies the majority of electricity consumption (52.5%). Then, 17.5% of the electricity demand is shared by ovens, kettles and washing machines. Lighting, TV, radio and vacuum cleaners, food mixers, ele

18、ctric tools are responsible for the rest, with 15% each. 表格：table / statistics / figures表格：table / statistics / figuresn數字引入：圖表引用數字的三種主要方法 分詞短語： On average, 11% of all households, comprising almo-st two million people, were in this position. n括號： Couples generally tended to be better off, with lower poverty levels for couples without children (7%) than those with children (12%