1、技巧一：如何處理句子中的升調(diào)1. 英語中的升調(diào)一般用于：a. 一般疑問句，如：Do you come here a lot? Have you been to any foreign countries? b. 選擇疑問句的前半部分，如：Is she an English teacher or Chinese teacher? Are you here for the tickets or books? c. 若干相同類目的詞語并列出現(xiàn)時，除最后一項外，如：I want low fat yogurt, tuna salad, chocolate cake and hamburger speci

2、al.My ideal man must be handsome, generous, dependable and considerate. d. 表示疑問的陳述句，如： You want a cup of coffee? You dont work here? e. 表現(xiàn)祝賀，同情，或熱情時：如 Congratulations! Im sorry to hear that. Have a nice weekend. 2. 一般疑問句升調(diào)的訓練要領(lǐng)： 要練習好一般疑問句的升調(diào)，首先要學好單詞的升調(diào)。因為一般疑問句的升調(diào)明顯表現(xiàn)在句子的最后一個單詞上，陡直的升音明顯地落在最后一個單詞的最后一至

3、兩個音上。 大多數(shù)中國學生使用升調(diào)時，會從單詞的第一個音一直持續(xù)升到最后一個音，這樣聽起來極不自然。需要注意的是：升音并不是從單詞的第一個音開始，只有單詞的最后一到兩個音時，突然很陡地升上去，請參照下面反映升調(diào)變化的曲線圖，給單詞正確升調(diào)： university language student school American countries questions disappointed技巧二：如何處理句子中的降調(diào)1. 英語中的降調(diào)一般用于：a. 特殊疑問句： What have all the flowers gone? What the hell did he do? b. 感嘆句：

4、What a game! What depressing information! c. 反義疑問句中，當說話人對自己所說的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)很確定，知識象征性地與對方確認一下時： We all live in a global village, arent we? A small world, isnt it? d. 選擇疑問句的最后一個選項，如： Do you prefer hand-written letter or E-mail? Does she raise rats or rabbits? e. 并列出現(xiàn)的若干相同類目詞語的最后一項，如： I want a house with a dini

5、ng room, two bedrooms, a bath and a basement. 2. 特殊疑問句降調(diào)訓練要領(lǐng)： 特殊疑問句在通常情況下使用降調(diào)，但僅了解這一點是不夠的。實際上，特殊疑問句的音調(diào)變化是有規(guī)律可循的，以下列句子為例： Where were you born? Which countries have you been to? Which university did you graduate? Why are you learning English? 起調(diào)時，特殊疑問句的音調(diào)較高，遇到助動詞時弱讀，并且將音調(diào)降下來，然后漸漸提高，一般在句子的最后一個單詞重重地降下來。

6、技巧三：如何處理句子中的停頓 講英語或讀英語時，尤其是遇到長句時，適當?shù)耐ｎD很重要。停頓并非隨心所欲讀累了就停，而要根據(jù)意群（句子中構(gòu)成相對獨立完整的意思的語言單位）來停。一般來說，段與段之間的停頓時間最長，其次是句與句之間的停頓，最后才是句子內(nèi)部意群之間的停頓，例如：主語與分句或從句之間的停頓。句子內(nèi)部意群之間的停頓，在下列情況下尤其突出： 1主句與從句（定語從句、賓語從句等）之間 a. These are the robots of our dreams, intelligent machines that live to serve. b. And, the FBI confronts

7、the most heavily armed militia that US law enforcement has ever faced. c. James Bond, the ultimate survivor knows very well that there are many ways to kill. 2. 條件狀語、時間狀語等分句與主句之間 a. All would be lost if not for the strength of one woman. b. Welcome to paradise. When you arrive here youll find a mill

8、ion secrets and as you explore it, youll find a million more. 3. 當后置定語較長時，其與所修飾的核心詞之間 a. As we reveal the secret strategies of an FBI crisis negotiator, these stories are straight ahead on Best Kept Secrets. b. But for their variety of appearance, all dogs are simply mutations of their closet ancest

9、ral relative, the wolf. c. How does the FBI solve cases like the Oklahoma City Bombing?4. 表時間、地點、距離、方式等的介詞短語與句子其他成分之間 a. The four hundred-year-old Hapsburg dynasty still commands most of Europe to the envy of her neighbours. b. Wolves had competed for prey with another group of hunters, complex comm

10、unicators not unlike themselves. c. Her crew is plotting a course to one of the most notorious points in the north Atlantic, the site of Titanic disaster.5. 表目的、伴隨動作、原因、或結(jié)果的分詞短語與句子其他成分之間 a. Perhaps the wolves were drawn in by the smell of meat cooking cover a fire, and into contract into their rival

11、s. b. Tucked high in the canyon hills are aristocratic retreats over-looking some of the most expensive real estate in the United States. c. But for the Russian people born to this giant land, Europe is distant horizon beyond their imagination.6. 不定式短語與句子其他成分之間 a. What exactly happened on that terri

12、ble night to cause the death of one thousand of five hundred and twenty-three men, women and children? b. Science is taking us back in time to witness the sinking of the unsinkable Titanic. 7. 以and或or分隔的較長的句子成分之間a.But youre not in the jungle of Bali or even a hidden sanctuary somewhere in Thailand.b

13、. He drags millions out of the Dark Ages and forges a new nation.c. It defies definition and can only be described as unbelievable, capricious and dreamlike. 8. 同位語與句子其他成分之間a. The one exception: her devoted husband Francis, duke of Lorraine. 9. 插入語與句子其他成分之間a. At times, dogs appears to move and react

14、 like wild animals, yet they are by definition, domesticated. b. The instruments of death have pushed technology to the limits in what has become the Deadly Game.技巧四：如何處理助動詞的弱讀 1. 助動詞弱讀在句子中的應用： 學會助動詞的弱讀，是掌握連讀技巧的第一步。任何一種語言，在口語表達時，句子中的單詞有重讀、弱讀這樣的變化，句子聽上去才生動、自然。英語也不例外。那么，在英語中，哪些單詞在句子中需要弱讀呢？一般情況下，助動詞會明顯

15、地弱讀。請看下面的例句，揣摩助動詞在句中是如何被弱讀的： Do you come here a lot? They werent expecting us. Theyre having another argument.- We havent been told anything yet.2. 助動詞弱讀時的發(fā)音變化： 助動詞弱讀時，其發(fā)音與單詞音標中的發(fā)音會有一些不同，快讀時，他們發(fā)音會變?yōu)椋?do you /dju/ Im /aim/ werent/wnt/ were / w / theyre /ð/ Ill /aiI/ being /bi/ have /hv/ was /wz/

16、 theyve /ðei/ been /bin/ well /wiI/ were /wi/ be /bi/ havent /hvn/技巧五：如何處理of的弱讀 1. of 的弱讀形式： of 在詞典中的音標及它的重讀形式為：/ v /，而當它出現(xiàn)在句子中時，很少采取strong form, 而會采取其弱讀形式，即/ v/。2. of 與其他單詞的連讀 當of 前面單詞的最后一個音為輔音時，該輔音與of的弱讀形式的起首元音/構(gòu)成連讀，可以構(gòu)成一個音節(jié)來發(fā)音；同樣道理，當of后面單詞的第一個音為元音時，該元音與of弱讀形式結(jié)尾的輔音/ v /也構(gòu)成連讀。例如下面的短語： a flight

17、of stairs a pieceof furniture an itemof news a pinchof salt a cartonof milk a barof chocolate a bunchof flowers a bundleof sticks a suiteof room a clusterof houses a touchof bitterness技巧六：如何處理介詞的弱讀 1.處理好介詞的弱讀，會讓您的英語聽起來流利得多。2.常用介詞在重讀和弱讀時的不同發(fā)音：單詞重讀形式弱讀形式from /frm/ /frm/ to/tu/ /t/ of /v/ /v/ at /æ

18、;t/ /t/ for /f/ /f/ 技巧七：如何處理句子的重讀 語句重音（sentence stress）是指根據(jù)不同的交際需要而對句子的某個或者某些詞加以強調(diào)。重音的特點是：發(fā)音用力較多，音量較大，時間較長。重音分為：表意重音，邏輯重音及情感重音。1. 表意重音：表意重音是指講話人在沒有受個人情感影響或沒有特意將句中的某一信息加以強調(diào)的情況下，對句中所有實詞一視同仁地加以強調(diào)。實詞包括：名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞等；虛詞包括：介詞、冠詞、助動詞、連詞、人稱代詞等。如：a. In general, we emphasize a word as we stress a

19、 syllable by giving it more force, longer duration, and higher pitch. b. I believe the course I have followed with China is the one thats best for America, disagreeing where we have serious disagreements, pursuing our common interests where I thought it was in the interest of the United States. (Bil

20、l Clinton)2. 邏輯重音：邏輯重音又叫對比重音，指講話人有意將句中的某個成分（一般只有一個，但也有兩個的情況）與上下文當中的另一個成分相對比而給予的特殊強調(diào)。此時，句中本來該重讀的實詞被讀得快而弱，本來該弱讀的虛詞被減弱到幾乎聽不出來的程度。試比較下組7個句子：試比較下組7個句子：1. I suggest you talk to her this evening. 2. I suggest you talk to her this evening.3. I suggest you talk to her this evening.4. I suggest you talk to he

21、r this evening.5. I suggest you talk to her this evening.6. I suggest you talk to her this evening. 7. I suggest you talk to her this evening.注意：虛詞由于邏輯重音而重讀時，應使用重讀形式（stressed form），如：- Would you like a cup of coffee to wake you up?- A /ei/ cup of coffee? I need two or three. (一杯怎么行？我要喝兩三杯。)3. 情感重音是指

22、說話人在處于極為激動的情況下，對某個能表達其情感的詞或詞組給予超常規(guī)的強調(diào)。如： We Chinese people are unconquerable. 技巧八：如何處理連讀 我們在聽英語時，會發(fā)現(xiàn)漂亮的口語聽起來流暢，有跳躍感和音樂感。這是由連讀帶來的效果。連讀的規(guī)則如下：1. 在語速較慢的語流中，意群內(nèi)的輔音和元音可以統(tǒng)統(tǒng)連起來。如： because of an air raid 應該讀作 because of an air raid /bi'Kzv'n'reid/ when I was an undergraduate應該讀作 when I was an und

23、ergraduate /we'niwz'nnd'rædueit/2. 在正?；蛘咻^快的語速中，只要句子不太長（大約15個單詞以內(nèi)），其中所有的輔音都可以跟后面的元音連讀，意群和意群之間也可以連讀。如： Please write it in English and give it to your uncle as soon as possible. 可以讀作： Please write it in English and give it to your uncle as soon as possible. /'pliz'rititi'ni

24、glin'givitj'rkl'suns'psbl/3. 以字母r或者re結(jié)尾的單詞在與緊跟其后的詞首元音相連時，須加進一個/r/，這個/r/叫“連接/r/”。如there is可以讀作/ðriz/，fair enough可以讀作/frinf/等。此外，還有一種/r/叫“插入/r/”，即以/或/結(jié)尾的單詞，即使沒有字母r或re, 若其后緊跟著非重讀元音，連讀時中間要插入一個/r/。如： drama and music /'drmrn'mjuzik/, Russia and China /rrn'tin/, law and order /'lr'nd/4. 元音和元音之間也可以連讀，如詞尾的/u/可以與其后面的詞首元音相連，中間可以加一個/w/，如blue eye/'blu'i/。這種情況最好是“含糊處理”，即不要把/w/讀得太明顯。5. 詞尾的/ i/跟后面的詞首元音相連時，可以在中間加一個/j/，如tea and