1、Unit 4Sharing教 材 面 面 觀單詞拓展1._adj.泥濘的；泥土般的_n泥；泥漿2_adj.有關的；切題的_adv.有關地_n關聯；貼切3_adj.遙遠的；偏僻的_adv.遙遠的，間接地4_vi. & vt.調整；(使)適合_adj.可調整的_n調整；調節；校正5_vt. & vi.嗅；聞；用鼻子吸_n嗅探者；嗅探器_adj.輕蔑的6_vi.參與；參加；_n參與；參加；分享7_conj.否則；不然adv.用別的方法；其他方面8_n特權；特別優待_adj.有特權的；特許的_n享受特權者9_n安排；排列_vt. & vi.安排，整理10_vt.烤(面包等)；敬

2、酒n烤面包(片)；吐司面包；干杯_n烤面包器；祝酒的人11_vt.捐贈；_n捐贈者_n捐贈；捐贈物；捐款12_adj.自愿的；志愿的；無償的_n志愿者_adv.自愿地；志愿地13_vt. & n買；購買_adj.可買的；買得到的14_vt.分配；分發_n分配；分發；分布狀態15_vi.工作；運轉vt.操作_n操作；運轉；手術_n操作人員短語回顧1.hear_接到的信2the_day 不久前的一天3dry_ (指河流、井等)干涸4adapt_ 適應5to be_ 誠實地說6get_ 通過7(be)_to 極想；渴望8dry_ (使浸水等之物)完全變干；干透9in_ 在困難中；在危急中10

3、stick_ 伸出句型背誦1.But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I _ visit a village that was the home of one of the boys, Tombe.但是上個周末，我和另一個老師，珍妮，確實拜訪了一個村莊，其中一個男孩湯貝的家就在那里。2To be_，I doubt_I'm_ _ _to these boys' lives at all.說實在的，我真的不知道我教的課是否讓這些孩子的生活有所改變。3The boys_had never_ _anything like this be

4、fore started_ _ _the windows.那些從未見過這種情況的男孩子們嚇得都往窗外跳去。4I know you're_ _hear all about my life here.我知道你急于了解我在這里的生活情況5Tombe's father, Mukap, led us to his house, a low bamboo hut _ out of the roofthis shows it's man's house.湯貝的父親莫卡普領著我們到了他的房子，那是一間低矮的屋頂上長滿草的小竹屋，這表明它是一個男人的房子。自我診斷單詞拓展1mud

5、dy；mud2.relevant；relevantly；relevance3.remote；remotely4.adjust；adjustable；adjustment5.sniff；sniffer；sniffish6.participate；participation7.otherwise8.privilege；privileged；privileger9.arrangement；arrange10.toast；toaster11.donate；donator；donation12.voluntary；volunteer；voluntarily13.purchase；purchasable1

6、4.distribute；distribution15.operate；operation; operator短語回顧1from2.other3.up4.to5.honest6.through7dying8.out9.need10.out句型背誦1did2.honest；whether；making any difference3.who；come across；jumping out of4.dying to5.sticking考 點 串 串 講重點單詞1.relevant adj.有關的；切題的；有實際價值的His nationality is not relevant to whethe

7、r he is a good lawyer.他的國籍與他是否是一位好律師無關。Any relevant information should be given to the police.任何有關的情況都必須匯報給警方。用法拓展(1)be relevant to與有關(2)a relevant suggestion/question/point相關的提議/問題/觀點(3)be irrelevant to sth./sb.與某人/物不相關(4)totally/completely/largely irrelevant完全/絕對/基本上無關緊要(5)irrelevant remarks不相關的言論

8、(6)relevance n關聯，貼切，中肯(7)relevantly adv.有關地；切題地(8)irrelevant adj.無關的；不切題的This type of university course is no longer relevant to today's problem.這類大學課程與當今問題的關系而論已不再有實際價值。即境活用單項填空Madame, since you have witnessed the whole accident, why not tell us the _ details?AconnectedBfurtherCseparated Drelev

9、antThe professor sometimes makes remarks that are not _ to the topic.Aassociate BrelevantCdependent Dconnect答案：DB2purchase vt. & n買，購買；購買的物品The purchase of a car should never be a hasty matter.購買汽車決不能匆忙行事。If you are not satisfied with your purchase, we will give you a full refund.所購之物若不合意，我們將全額退

10、款。Please ensure that you purchase your ticket in advance.請您務必提前購票。用法拓展(1)purchase a new house買一棟新房子(2)get a house on a hire purchase分期付款購買房子(3)purchase price買價(4)make a purchase采購(5)proof of purchase購物憑證(6)purchase sth.(from sb.)向采購(7)purchasing n購買，采購(8)the company's purchasing manager采購經理(9)pu

11、rchasing power購買力(10)purchaser n購買人，采購人員，買主(11)on special purchase特價購買(12)purchase and sale買賣(13)leave sb. to his purchase讓某人自謀生路(14)live on one's purchase自謀生計，自找活路They purchased life at the expense of honour.他們以犧牲名譽為代價換得了生命。People's purchasing power is going down in the economic crisis.在經濟危

12、機中，人們的購買力下降。特別提醒purchase可作動詞，指“購買，努力取得，換得”；也可作名詞，指“購買；購得物”。purchase比buy正式。即境活用單項填空He gave his son some money for the _ of his school books.ApressureBpurchaseCpromotion Dpractice答案：B3distribute vt.分發；分配This species of butterfly is widely distributed over our country.這種蝴蝶在我國分布很廣。用法拓展(1)distribute v分發g

13、ive out(2)spread散布(3)distribution n分發；分配；分布狀態They studied the geographical distribution of the disease.他們研究了該疾病的地理分布情況。Ross supervised the distribution of food and clothing to the flood victims.紅十字會監督分配食物和衣物給水災受害者。易混辨析assign, distribute和divide這些動詞均含“分配，分發”之意。(1)assign指按照某種原則進行的硬性分配，也不一定是很公平的。(2)dist

14、ribute通常指以整體或定量分為若干份來分配。(3)divide普通用詞，側重將某物分成若干份分配給他人，當某物一分為二時，含平均分配之意。即境活用單項填空The mayor will _ the prizes among the winners.AsendBspreadCdistribute DhandA much better way must be found to achieve an equal _ of the resources.Adistribution BcontributionCcatalogue Dseparation答案：CA4operate vt.&vi.運

15、轉；操作；經營，管理；vi.開刀，(對)動手術The doctor decided to operate at once.醫生決定立刻動手術。No matter which machine he operates，he operates it carefully.不管他操作哪一臺機器他都細心地操作。We still had to operate on a shoestring.我們仍得小本經營。用法拓展operate on給做手術；產生作用operation n操作，運轉，經營；手術be in operation生效中come into operation生效bring sth. into o

16、peration使生效即境活用單項填空This is the patient_the famous doctor has just operated.AwhoBwhomCon who Don whom翻譯句子The medicine will quickly operate on such patients._該計劃何時開始生效？_答案：D這種藥很快就會在這種病人身上起作用。When does the plan come into operation?5donate vt.&vi.捐贈，贈送He donated to cancer research.他捐款支持癌癥的研究工作。They

17、give a concert and donate the proceeds to charity.他們舉辦了一次音樂會，把收入捐給了慈善機構。More than 100 fighters hurried to the scene to donate their blood.有100多名戰士趕到現場獻血。用法拓展donate to捐贈；贈送易混辨析donate與contributedonate v主要指捐物、捐錢。contribute vjoin in others in giving help，money，etc.(to a common cause，for a purpose)主要指和其他

18、人一起捐物、捐錢，是其中的一部分。help to bring about；write(articles，etc)and send in還有“促成、投稿”等含義。即境活用完成句子He_(投稿)“21st Century” every month.答案：contributes to6participate vi.參與，參加；分享，分擔She actively participates in local politics.她積極參與本地政治活動。I participate in your suffering and joy.我跟你同甘共苦。用法拓展participate with sb. in st

19、h.與某人分擔participate in sth.take part in參加participate in sth. with sb.同某人參與某事participant n參加者；共享者participation n參與；分擔；共享Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these discussions.希望全班同學參加這些討論。易混辨析participate，attend，join和take part inparticipate正式用詞，特指參加團體活動，暗示以一個積極的角色參加。attend側重參加或出席會議或學術活動等

20、。join通用詞，指加入黨派、團體或游戲、活動等，join in指參加某項活動。take part in側重參加某項群眾性、集體性的事業、工業或活動，突出參加者在其中發揮一定的作用。即境活用單項填空Students in our school are encourage to_more activities after class in order to broaden their knowledge.Aattend BjoinCtake part Dparticipate inAll of them thought it necessary that he_the meeting.Aatte

21、nd BjoinCparticipate in Dtake part in答案：DA7otherwise adv.用別的方法；在其他方面conj.否則，不然Do as you are told，otherwise，you'll be in trouble.叫你怎么做就怎么做，否則就有麻煩。You'd better go now，otherwise you'll miss your train.你最好現在就走，要不然就趕不上火車了。用法拓展otherwise用作副詞，譯作“要不然，否則，另外，別樣；在其他方面；除此之外”otherwise conj.(并列連詞，同or e

22、lse)否則，不然(常與虛擬語氣連用)otherwise adj.另外的，別樣的；其他方面的短語or otherwise“或相反的”He is noisy，but otherwise a nice boy.他愛吵鬧，但在其他方面卻是個好孩子。He reminded me of what I should otherwise have forgotten.他提醒了我，要不然我就會把這件事給忘了。The model is old，but otherwise the car is satisfactory.這輛車除了車型老舊以外，別的都還令人滿意。Do come earlier next time，

23、otherwise you'll be punished.下次一定早點來，否則就懲罰你。Some are wise，some are otherwise.有些人賢明，有些人則不然。We welcome any comments from you，favorable or otherwise.我們歡迎你們的任何評論，贊成或不贊成的。溫馨提示otherwise常用在虛擬語氣中，替代非真實條件句；另外與其他副詞、短語介詞的區別也是高考的重點。即境活用單項填空Good technique in medicine means less pain and fewer deaths and，_it

24、is our duty to master it.Aaltogether BthereforeCotherwise DhoweverYesterday Jane walked away from the discussion.Otherwise，she_something she would regret later.Ahad said BsaidCmight say Dmight have said答案：BD8adjust v調節；調整；使適合用法拓展adjust to(doing)sth.適應/習慣(做)某事adjust.to.使適應于make adjustments作調整adapt st

25、h. to.使某物適合adapt(oneself)to使某人自己適應特別提醒以上短語中to為介詞，后接名詞、代詞、動名詞作賓語而不能接動詞不定式。即境活用單項填空After much deliberation，the president decided to_her suggestion.Aadopt BadaptCadjust DadmitAfter Kate arrived in Boston，she found it was far more difficult to_living on her own.Arely on Bbegin withCcenter on Dadjust to答

26、案：A句意為：“總經理再三考慮之后，決定采納她的建議。”adopt“采納，接受”，符合句意。而adapt“使適應，使適合”。admit“承認；準許入內”，adjust“調節，調整”均不符合句意，故選A。Drely on“依賴，依靠”；begin with“開始”；center on“使集中于”；adjust to“適應”，由句意知D項正確。重點短語1.stick out伸出來，突出；豎起Your hair is sticking out in the back.你腦袋后面的頭發豎起來了。The doctor asked him to stick his tongue out.醫生叫他把舌頭伸出

27、來。What if I stick my head out the window?如果我把頭伸出車窗外，怎么樣？歸納延伸stick out堅持；斷言stick out like a sore thumb顯得十分不自然；惹人注目stick in堅持，努力；把放入；將刺入stick to遵守，堅持；緊跟；粘住get stuck拋錨；進入僵局即境活用單項填空He is a tall man with his chest_.Astick outBstuck outCsticking out Dto stick outShe saw a rude boy _ his tongue out at his

28、sister.Asticking BstuckCto stick Dhaving stuck答案：BA2for sure無疑The fighting was over for sure.戰斗確實結束了。Do you know for sure that they will win?你肯定他們會贏嗎？She won't dare do that again, and that's for sure.她不敢再干那事了，那是毫無疑問的。歸納延伸be sure of堅信，確信be sure to do一定要make sure把事情弄清楚，核實或查明某事物即境活用完成句子Our team

29、 will win the gold medal. That's _(無疑)_(無疑)that our team will win the gold medal.答案：for sureI'm sure3be dying to do.很想干某事，渴望干某事She was dying for a cigarette.她渴望一支香煙。I am dying for a visit to Disney wonderland.我真想去游覽迪斯尼游樂場。She is dying to know where you have been.她渴望知道你到哪里去了。用法拓展be dying類似的結構

30、還有：be eagerhungerlong即境活用翻譯句子我非常想得到一盒巧克力。_她非常想去看展覽。_答案：I am dying for a box of chocolates.She was dying to see the exhibit.4in need在困難中，在危急中We are collecting money for families in need.我們正在為有困難的家庭募捐。He is not in need of money.他不需要錢。用法拓展need doing(need to be done )需要(被)There's no need for sb. to

31、do sth.沒必要做某事be/stand in need of有的需要at need緊急時，必要時have need of需要have need(to do something)需要/務必(做某事)There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.明天你不必早起。The flower needs watering.這花需要澆水。5the other day不久前的一天；幾天前用法拓展the other end/side另一端；另一邊the other way/direction相反的路/方向in those days在過去；在那些日子里one

32、 day有一天，某日some day有朝一日these days如今，現今，眼下(尤指現在的情形，行為和以前有所不同)to this day至今；直到今天(until now)特別提醒the other day意義相當于a few days ago，故多用于一般過去時中；in those days多指過去的一段時間，也用于一般過去時；one day可指過去也可指將來；some day只指“(在將來的)某一天”。these days多用于一般現在時。即境活用用所給動詞的適當形式填空I_(see)her the other day.Some day I_(come)back and marry h

33、er.To this day，I still_(not know)why she did it.We_(wear)pearl necklace in those days.答案：sawwill comedon't knowwore重點句式1.Fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a newly made platform for Jenny and me to sleep on.新鮮的青草被鋪在地板上，有一個新建的臺子供我和詹妮睡覺。(1)lay，laid，laid vt.放，擱；下蛋lie，lay，lain vi.躺

34、lie，lied，lied vi.撒謊A book was lying on the ground.Do you know who laid it there?地上有一本書。你知道是誰把它放在那的嗎？(2).there was a newly made platform for Jenny and me to sleep on.在這句中to sleep on的邏輯賓語是platform，所以由于sleep為不及物動詞，on不能省略。Can you find me a pen to write with?你能為我找一支鋼筆來寫字嗎？Give him a chair to sit in.給他一把椅

35、子坐。 即境活用單項填空He asked，“Can you find me a room_？”Aputting everythingBto put everythingCputting everything inDto put everything inI have a letter_，so I will go to the post office.Do you have any_？Ato post；to postBto be posted；to be postedCto post；to be postedDto be posted；to post答案：DC2But last weekend

36、another teacher，Jenny，and I did visit a village that was the home of one of the boys，Tombe.但是上個周末，我和另一個老師，珍妮，確實拜訪了一個村莊，其中一個男孩湯貝的家就在那里。句中did表示語氣的強調。“do/does/did動詞原形”可構成強調句，表示“的確；確實”。這種強調句中只有一般現在時和一般過去時，且只對肯定的謂語動詞進行強調，沒有否定式和疑問式。do在句中要重讀。注意在祈使句中使用時，往往不表示命令，而表示強烈的請求，有時表達更加客氣的語氣。如：Do be careful！千萬要小心！I d

37、o hope you have a merry Christmas!衷心祝福你圣誕快樂！He does speak English well.他英語說的確實很好。They did go to see you yesterday，but failed to meet you.他們昨天的確去看過你，但沒見到你。溫馨提示強調謂語動詞，過去時用did動詞原形，第三人稱單數一般現在時用does動詞原形，其他人稱一般現在時用do動詞原形。do用于祈使句時，可表達邀請對方的心意更加客氣，親切。在強調對比時經常使用。強調其他成分，通常是：it is/was被強調部分(名詞/代詞/介詞短語/連詞從句等)that

38、。Do come in，please.別客氣，請進。I did tell you，but you have forgotten it.我確實告訴你了，但是你忘了。It was at the air battle on June 8,1944 that Peter lost his life.就是在1944年6月8日的空戰中，皮特犧牲了。即境活用單項填空An awful accident_，however，occur the other day.Adoes BdidChas to Dhad toIn my opinion，all Mr White_good to his students in

39、his class at present.He is very strict in their study.Adoes does doesBdoes did doCdoes does doDdid do does答案：BC3The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a contribution toward the lives of people who really need it.你送的禮物不是給你所愛的人留念的，而是給那些確實有需要的人一項捐助。not.but.意思是“不是，而是”，連接兩個表語。not.but

40、.連接兩個平行成分，當連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞的單復數按“就近一致”原則確定。I'm not a student but a teacher.我不是學生而是老師。He does not work but play all day.他整天不學習只是玩耍。用法拓展not only.but(also)，either.or.，neither.nor.連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞按“就近一致”原則確定。as well as連接主語時，謂語動詞按“就前一致”原則確定。Not he but you are wanted on the telephone.電話找的是你不是他。即境活用單項填空Not the

41、 teacher but the students_fond of watching football games.Ado BdoesCis Dare答案：D4When I reach the school grounds there are lots of “good mornings” for me from the boys，many of whom have walked a long way，sometimes up to two hours，to get to the school.當我到學校時，孩子們都對我說：“早上好！”，這些孩子中許多人都是走了相當長的路，有時多達兩小時趕來學

42、校的。句中many of whom have walked a long way是定語從句，修飾the boys。名詞，數詞或代詞whom/which可以引導非限制性定語從句。如：Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，the price of which was very reasonable.最近我買了一個古老的中國花瓶，它的價格很合理。There're sixty students in my class,80% of whom are from the mountain villages.我的班里有60位學生，80%來自山村。知 能

43、層 層 練一、單項填空1In China，people over sixty­five can enjoy some_in public places as long as they can provide their identifications.AadvantagesBgoodCprivileges Dwelfare答案：C解析：privilege“特權，特別優待”；advantage“優點；長處”；good“好處；益處”；welfare“福利；幸福”。2The desks and the chairs can be_the height of a child.Aadded t

44、o Badjusted toCaddicted to Dled to答案：B解析：adjust指借助正當的判斷或熟練的技巧“調整；調節”，以使兩者互相適應。3The secretary should have all the_documents ready before the meeting begins.Aconnected BfurtherCseparated Drelevant答案：D解析：relevant documents“相關的文件”。4If most winners_a day's pay to the Hope Project，then it will be hope

45、ful.Aleave BpresentCdonate Dgive答案：C解析：donate“捐贈”，根據題意知應是“捐出一天的所得”，故選C項。give是一般用語；present指正式地頒給某人或贈送禮物；leave“留下”。5We didn't know you were in trouble at that time，_we would have given you a hand.Atherefore BhoweverCotherwise Dthough答案：C解析：otherwise是“否則”之意，暗含一種含蓄條件，其后的句子常采用虛擬語氣。6The children helpe

46、d to carry their mother's_from the shop to their house.Apurchases BmattersCaaamodity Dgoods答案：A解析：purchase意為“購買物品”時為可數名詞。7We want to encourage students to_the running of the college.Ajoin BattendCparticipate in Dparticipate答案：C解析：participate“參加；參與”后接賓語時，需加介詞in。join指“加入團體或組織并成為其中一員”；attend指“出席；參加

47、”。8We must save every drop of water in case the lake near the city_.Awill dry up Bdries upCdries off Dwill dry off答案：B解析：in case“萬一；以防”，用來引導條件狀語從句，通常用一般現在時表示一般將來，故排除A、D兩項；dry off“弄干”；dry up“(河流、井等)干涸”。9A cup of coffee?I hardly think so，_I am going to leave in about two minutes.Athough BsinceCunless

48、Dwhile答案：B解析：since引導表示原因的從句，表示眾所周知的原因，意為“既然；因為”。10_I enjoy the book with some nice pictures，I don't have enough money to buy it.ASince BWhileCAs DIf答案：B解析：while在此引導讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管”。since表示原因；if表條件；as引導讓步狀語時，從句中的表語、狀語等需提前。二、用方框內所給詞語的適當形式填空1How long has it been since you last _ your uncle?2_ his nati

49、onality _ whether he is a good lawyer?3A bit more patience. Some day our luck will change _.4He _ this letter when he was cleaning out his writing table.5The house was out of repair and badly _ painting.6In summer, water the plants regularly and never let the soil _.7Last summer the river _ and you

50、could walk right across it.8_， I used to feel that way myself, but you changed my mind.9This kind of desk can _ the height you need.10Go on, I can see you _ tell me all your exciting adventures.答案：1.heard from2.Is; relevant to3.for sure4.came across5.in need of6.dry out7.dried up8.To be honest9.be a

51、djusted to10.are dying to語 法 路 路 通高考語法專題十四主謂一致知識清單一、主謂一致的三個原則1謂語受主語支配，即其形式必須隨著主語單復數形式的變化而變化，叫主謂一致。主要有語法一致、意義一致、就近一致三個原則。二、主謂一致的具體運用情況2and, both.and連接的并列成分作主語，謂語動詞用復數。但并列成分若指的是同一個人、事物或概念，謂語動詞用單數形式，這時and后面的名詞沒有冠詞。3each, neither, either, none, one, other, another, much, little及復合不定代詞等表示單數意義，作主語時，謂語動詞用單

52、數；many, few, several, both等表示復數意義，作主語時謂語用復數；some, all, any等既可表示復數意義也可表示單數意義，作主語時，謂語動詞依具體意義而定；every.and every.結構作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。4more than one., many a.作主語，謂語動詞仍用單數形式；“more復數名詞than one”作主語，謂語動詞用復數形式。5非謂語動詞作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式，但and連接的兩個或多個不定式、動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞一般用復數形式。6由兩部分構成的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞常用復數。但由a kind of, a pair of, a series of等修飾，謂語動詞要與表