1、Lessoncoldwelcome1. welcome: n. /v. 歡迎gave the stranger an unfriendly welcome 對那位陌生人的接待很不友好give visitors a warm welcome 給來訪者以熱烈的歡迎receive a cold welcome 受到冷冰冰的接待welcome a foreign friend 歡迎外國朋友We welcome your kind help. 我們歡迎你的熱心幫助。adj. (1) 受歡迎的; 可喜的 (2) 用作表語可隨便享用的; 可任意使用的(3) 不必感謝的, 不必客氣的a welcome vis

2、itor 一位受歡迎的賓客welcome news 可喜的消息You are welcome to any book in my library. 我書房里所有的書你盡管用。You are welcome. ( 對方表示感謝時, 常用的答語)不用客氣, 不用謝。W-to China! 歡迎你到中國來!You are welcome to join us. 我們非常樂意邀請你加入我們。You are always welcome to our house. 歡迎你隨時到我們家。2. crowd: n. (1) 人群 , 一群人 ; 觀眾draw a large crowd 吸引大批觀眾A cro

3、wd gathered at the scene of the fire. 許多人聚集在火災現場。(2) the crowd 一般群眾, 大眾 ; 一伙人You can do what you want to do, but never follow the crowd. 你想做什么就做什么, 可別隨大流。He writes all his books for the crowd rather than for specialists. 他的全部作品都是為一般大眾所寫, 而不是為了專家們。(cn.)大量，許多，大批，密集a crowd of lookers -on 群圍觀的人The desk

4、is covered with a crowd of books and papers. 堆滿了一大堆書和文件的桌子。I saw a crowd of magazines and papers on her desk. 我看見她桌上放著一堆雜志和報紙。vi. 涌向(某處), 聚集 , 擁擠 ; 被擠滿The children crowded around the TV. 孩子們聚集在電視機周圍。They crowded into my room. 他們擠進了我的房間。People crowded into the cinema. 人們擠進電影院。vt. 推擠，擠，塞Police crowded

5、 the spectators back to the viewing stand. 警察強行把觀眾推回觀眾席。crowded the clothes into the closet 把衣服塞進衣柜中Books crowded the shelves. 書架上堆滿了書。Swimmers crowded the beaches. 游泳者擠滿了海灘。Passengers crowded the platform. 站臺擠滿了乘客。He crowded more books onto the shelf. 他向書架上又塞了一些書。The room was crowded with guests. 房

6、間里擠滿了客人。區別用法：crowd 指 “無秩序地聚集在一起的一大群人” ,如 :A crowd of people were waiting in front of the gate. 一大群人在門前等著。throng 指 “蜂擁行進的人群” ,它不及crowd 口語化 , 如 :throngs of celebrators at Times Square 在時代廣場舉行慶祝活動的人群。swarm 指 “一大群雜亂無章移動的人” ,如 :a swarm of sightseers 一大群觀光者。經典用法：a crowd of 一群 , 一堆be crowded with 滿是 .follo

7、w (go with) the crowd 隨大流 , 從眾3. gather: v. (1) 聚集攏 (2) 采集摘 ; 收集 獲 , 拾 (3) 逐漸獲得加快 ; 漸增強 , 恢復 (4) 推斷測 ;揣想 ; 了解 ; 結論 ; 得出想法gather crops 收莊稼gather flowers 采花gather information experience 逐漸獲得消息積累經驗gather strength 恢復體力gather taxes 收稅gather one's brows 皺眉The train gathered speed as it left the statio

8、n. 火車離站時, 速度逐漸加快。A crowd gathered to see what had happened. 一群人聚攏起來看發生了什么事。People gathered round, curious to know what was happening. 人們圍聚攏來, 很想知道發生了什么事情。What did you gather from his statement 你推想他的聲明是什么意思I gather she's ill, and that's why she hasn't come. 我想她是病了，所以沒有來。4. shout: v. /n. 呼

9、喊，呼叫shout (out) orders 大聲發布命令shout oneself hoarse 叫得聲嘶力竭shout sb. up from the bed 大聲把某人喊醒起床They shouted their disapproval. 他們喊叫表示反對。He shouted with pain. 他痛得大叫。The children on the sand were shouting with excitement. 沙灘上的孩子們興奮得大喊大叫。經典用法：shout for help 呼救5. refuse: (常與 to 連用)拒絕；不接受She refused to help

10、me. 她不肯幫助我。Joan's mother refused to consent to let her go abroad. 瓊的母親不答應讓她出國。He asked me to marry him but I refused. 他向我求婚，但我拒絕了。I refuse to answer that question. 我不愿回答那個問題。We were refused permission to enter. 我們被拒之門外。6. laugh: v. /n. 笑，譏笑，洋洋得意Don't laugh at him. 不要嘲笑他。laughed to herself at

11、 the memory 想起這些，她暗自發笑。They are talking and laughing. 他們邊說邊笑。Green pines laugh in the breeze. 青松迎風歡笑。laugh a hearty laugh 由衷地笑laugh a reply 以笑作答He laughed his dissent. 他笑著表示不同意。You won't be laughing when the truth comes out. 一旦真相被揭露，你就不會洋洋得意了。n. belly laugh 美口縱聲大笑; 逗人發笑的事物horse laugh 捧腹 哈哈 大笑 ;

12、嘲弄的笑聲He told me the news with a laugh. 他笑著告訴我這個消息經典用法：laugh at: To treat lightly; scoff at不以為意；對 一笑置之laugh up (one's) sleeve 或 laugh in (one's) sleeve : To rejoice or exult in secret, as at another's error or defeat 幸災樂禍/ She knew the truth all along and was laughing up her sleeve at us.

13、 她早就知道真相，卻一直在暗中笑話我們。burst out laughing 放聲大笑die of laughing 笑得要死Don't make me laugh. 口 , 諷 你太可笑了, 你真荒謬。7. It would strike twelve in twenty minutes time.strike: v./n. struck struck /stricken (1) 打；擊He struck me with a stick. 他用棍子打我。The bombers made a sudden strike on the harbor. 轟炸機對這港口進行了一次突然襲擊。I

14、t was not long before tragedy struck again. 沒多久，災難又再次降臨。(2) 突然想到；猛然悟到An idea suddenly struck me. 我心中忽然產生一個念頭。I've struck on a plan for solving the problem. 我突然想起一個解決這個問題的辦法。The thought struck me from out of the blue. 我突然有了這想法。(3) 罷工The workers were striking because they wanted more money. 工人們在罷工

15、，因為他們要求增加工資。The strike is due to begin on Tuesday. 罷工預定于星期二開始。The workers are on strike. 工人們在罷工。(4) 敲鐘報時The clock strikes the hours. 這鐘每小時報時一次。I didn't hear the clock strike. 我沒有聽到鐘響。The clock struck nine. 鐘敲了九下。(5) 給予印象The plan strikes me as ridiculous. 我覺得這項計劃可笑。How does the idea strike you 這想

16、法你覺得怎樣？She was struck with alarm at the news. 這則消息使她感到警覺。經典用法：S-while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵, 趁機行事。8. but nothing happened.happen: (1) 發生The accident happened outside my house. 這個事故發生在我家房子的外面。It happened quite by chance. 此事純屬偶然。A funny thing happened in the subway yesterday. 昨天地鐵里發生了一件有趣的事。The accide

17、nt happened at six o'clock. 事故發生在六點鐘。(2)(與to 連用)碰巧Do you happen to know his new telephone number 你可知道他的新電話號碼I happened to be in the market yesterday when a fire started. 昨天發生火災時，我正好在市場上。I happened to be out when he called. 他來訪時，恰巧我出去了。I happened to see her yesterday. 我昨天碰巧見到她。(3)(與on, upon 連用)巧遇

18、；偶然發現I happened on just the thing I had been looking for. 我偶然發現了我所要找的東西。I happened on an old country hotel during the last summer holidays. 去年暑假期間我偶然發現了一家古老的鄉村旅館。I happened on just the thing I'd been looking for. 我偶然發現了我一直在尋找的東西。9. 時間介詞(1) ata) 用于小時、分、刻、秒之前b) 用于固定的短語：at midday/noon( 在中午) ; at dusk( 在傍晚) ; at dawn( 在黎明) ; at night; at midnight(在午夜); at the weekend; at tea-time; at lunch timec) 用于節日之前，但不表示確切的某一天: at Christmas, at Easter(2) ina)用于一段時間之前：in +一段時間表示再過多久某件事就要發生，或表示某事持續多長時間。如： Ask me again in three or four days. 而 “In s time常指未