1、高考英語短文改錯考點分類解析主謂一致一、考點規律分析從廣義來說，英語中的一致問題涉及多個方面，如主謂一致、人稱的一致、并列結構的前后一致等。由于人稱的一致已歸入“代詞”考點、并列結構的前后一致已分別歸入非謂語動詞、時態等，所以這里只歸納主謂一致問題。二、真題單句歸納(1) Bill was standing at the side of the car, talking to two men who was helping him to repair it. (was 改為 were，因先行詞 two men 是復數，所以修飾該先行詞的定語從句的謂語動詞也應用復數) (全國卷)(2) Play

2、ing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. (give 改為 gives，它與makes 為平行結構，構成并列謂語動詞) (全國卷)(3) Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library. (is 改為 are，因主語是 my picture and the prize，故謂語動詞要用復數) (全國卷)(4) But then there is always

3、more mysteries to look into. (is 改為 are，因其后的 mysteries 為復數，故謂語動詞要用復數) (北京春季卷)(5) But not allinformation are good to society. (are改為is，因為主語是不可數名詞information，表單數) (廣西卷)(6) So then, a concert cost so much. I may just listen to music. (cost改為costs，因主語是單數a concert，根據全文用的都是現在的時態，故用一般現在時) (年四川卷)(7) If I li

4、sten to my own records, there are no need to spend money. (are改為is，因為在there be結構中的be用is還是用are，由緊跟在be后的那個名詞的單復數來決定，此處no need是單數，所以用is) (四川卷)(8) you will probably want to join the Stamp Collectors Club which exist to add more stamps to your collection. (exist改為exists，因主語which是指the Stamp Collectors Clu

5、b，這是單數，所以用exists) (浙江卷)(10) One evening she told me that something happened when their parents was out. (was改為were，因為主語their parents是復數，所以不用was要用were) (年福建卷)三、模擬單句演練(1) Her parents were in Shanghai, and so was his.(2) As is known to us all, remembering English words are not easy.(3) The police was l

6、ooking for the murderer everywhere in the city.(4) Writing English and speaking it is different things.(5) It is the parents and their son who wants to buy the bicycle.(6) What he said at the meeting were very important to us. 【參考答案】(1) was 改為 were，因其主語 his 為 his parents 之略，為復數。(2) are 改為 is，句子

7、主語為動名詞短語 remembering English words，故其謂語動詞要用單數。(3) was 改為 were，police 作主語時，謂語動詞總是用復數。(4) is 改為 are，因句子主語為復數。(5) wants 改為 want，此句為強調句，強調的是主語 the parents and their son，為復數。(6) were 改為 was，名詞性從句作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數。形容詞與副詞一、考點規律分析短文改錯對形容詞與副詞的考查主要涉及形容詞和副詞比較等級的誤用(尤其是在本身已是比較級的詞前誤加more)、形容詞與副詞的混用(如修飾動詞時誤用形容詞或修飾名詞時

8、誤用副詞)等，另外，用作表語時該用形容詞的卻誤用了名詞、簡短副詞(如 in, down 等)的誤加與漏用、涉及形容詞搭配的asas 結構、how 與 what 的混用等也是常考的考點。二、真題單句歸納(1) After an hour or so we began to feel very frightening. (frightening 改為 frightened，因它表示某人感到害怕，而不是令人害怕) (全國卷)(2) Charles said, “As soon as I see a realy tall building, I want to climb it. (realy 改為

9、really 或 real，若改為 really，則修飾 tall；若改為 real，則修飾 building) (全國卷)(3) Last Sunday, police cars hurry to the taller building in New York. (taller 改為 tallest，因從含義上看此處應是最高級) (全國卷)(4) As a result, people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past. (去掉 more，因為 longer 本身已是比較級，

10、不能再受 more 修飾) (全國卷)(5) Therefore, there are still some countries where people have shorter lives. (Therefore 改為 However，因此處語意轉折) (全國卷)(6) People in industrial countries can expect to live for twice so long as people who lived a few hundred years ago. (so long as 改為 as long as，其意為“與一樣長”) (全國卷)(7) In

11、some places you may borrow many books as you want. (many 之前加 as，因as . as 結構不完整) (全國卷)(8) I told Mother, Father, Sister and all my friends here that a great time I had. (that 改為 what) (全國卷)(9) I never knew a ride down a river could be so much exciting. (去掉 much，因 much 不能用來修飾形容詞的原級，盡管它可用來修飾比較級和最高級) (全

12、國卷)(10) Im sure well have a wonderfully time together. (wonderfully 改為 wonderful，因它是放在名詞前作定語) (全國卷)(11) First, let me tell you something more about myself. (去掉 more，因從上下文看，這是第一次給對方寫信，不存在談談“更多情況”的問題) (全國卷)(12) I used to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. (int

13、eresting 改為 interested，be interested in 意為“對感興趣”) (全國卷)(13) Also, the sport teaches us the important of obedience. (important 改為 importance，teach 后可接名詞或代詞作賓語，但不接形容詞作賓語) (全國卷)(14) Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunate 改為 Unfortunately，因此處要求用副詞作狀語) (全國卷)(15) I think I liked

14、 those classes because I felt that they helped me understand what the world works. (what 改為 how，how 在此表示方式) (北京春季卷)(16) After learning the basics of the subject,nothing else seemed very practically to me.(practically 改為 practical，此處用形容詞作表語) (北京春季卷)(17) Whenever I see them I will often think of my En

15、glish teacher. (去掉 often,因句中的whenever 與 often 意義重復) (全國卷)(18) What things are in other homes, I wonder. (What 改為 How，句意為“不知其他家庭的情況是怎樣的”) (全國卷)(19) For instance, one night he played strong and loudly music till four oclock in the morning. (loudly 改為 loud，與 strong 并列作定語，修飾 music) (北京春季卷)(20) But he is

16、 difference now. (difference改為different，即用形容詞作表語) (北京春季卷)(21) The time passes quickly. Evening came down.(去掉 down，要表示“夜幕來臨”直接說 Evening came 即可) (全國卷)(22) although radios can be very noise. (noise 改為 noisy，即用形容詞作表語) (北京春季卷)(23) all planned and written by grown-ups to make children want things that th

17、ey dont real need. (real 改為 really，修飾動詞要用副詞) (北京春季卷)(24) But one of the best players in our team told me just then that he wouldnt play basketball any more. (then 改為 now，just now 為習語，意為“剛才”) (安徽春季卷)(25) But one of the best players in our team told me just now that he wouldnt play basketball once mor

18、e. (once 改為 any，not any more為習語，意為“不再”) (安徽春季卷)(26) I would describe myself as shy and quietly. (quietly 改為quiet，and連接并列成分quite和shy) (全國卷)(27) Finding information on the Net is easily. (easily改為easy，作表語要用形容詞) (年廣西卷)(28) Yes, a concert can be very excited. (excited改為exciting，表示某事物是“令人興奮的”用exciting；表示

19、某人“感到興奮”才用excited) (四川卷)(30) Nowadays millions of people of all age take pleasure in a hobby which is both interested and fun. (interested 改為 interesting，指某事物是“令人有趣的”，用interesting，表示某人“對感興趣”時，用interested) (浙江卷)(31) She called 119 immediate. (immediate改為immediately，用作狀語，要用副詞) (福建卷)(32) However,we sel

20、dom felt lonely or helplessly. (helplessly改為helpless，在系動詞felt后作表語，要用形容詞) (年天津卷)三、模擬單句演練(1) Ill try to be more carefully next time.(2) China is much more bigger than the United States.(3) There are few boys than girls in our class.(4) He says that skiing is much exciting than skating.(5) The more mon

21、ey you make, the most you spend.(6) He found someone was following her, so she felt frightening.(7) It was real very dangerous. You might have injured yourself.(8) In fact, we finished the work without any difficult.(9) Look at the asleep boy. How lovely!(10) The fish tastes well; why not have a try

22、?(11) Last week was very rain. I didnt go out the whole week.(12) The sun rises in the east and sets down in the west. (13) I promise to return back before 10. (14) The book contains much use information. Its well worth reading.(15) This is quite far the mostly expensive bicycle in the shop.(16) The

23、 workers warm welcomed us at their offices.(17) Oh, its simply wonderfully to see you here!(18) She is in more health now than she was last year.【參考答案】(1) carefully 改為 careful，用形容詞作表語。(2) 去掉more，more 不能修飾比較級。(3) few 改為 fewer，注意句中的 than。(4) 將 much 改為 more，或在 much 后加more，此句涉及 skiing 與 skating 的比較。(5)

24、most 改為 more，the morethe more 意為“越越”。(6) frightening 改為 frightened，frightening表示“令人害怕的”、“恐怖的”；frightened表示“感到害怕的”。(7) real 改為 really，修飾形容詞用 really，不用 real。(8) difficult 改為 difficulty，用名詞形式作介詞 without 的賓語。(9) asleep 改為 sleeping, asleep 為表語形容詞，不用于名詞前作定語。(10) well 改為 good, nice 等，taste 在此為連系動詞，后接形容詞作表語

25、。(11) rain 改為 rainy，此處用形容詞作表語。(12) 去掉 down，因 set 相當于 go down，本身就包括了 down。(13) 去掉 back，或將 return 改為 come / be。因 return 相當于 come back 或 be back。(14) use 改為 useful，用形容詞作定語修飾名詞。(15) mostly 改為 most，most 在此用于構成最高級。(16) warm 改為 warmly，修飾動詞要用副詞，不用形容詞。(17) wonderfully 改為 wonderful，用形容詞作表語。(18) more 改為 better

26、，為 in good health 的比較級形式。時態一、考點規律分析動詞時態考點主要涉及一般現在時與一般過去的區別，其命題方式通常是在一個一般現在時的背景下誤用某個一般過去時；或者反過來，在一個一般過去時的背景下誤用某個一般現在時。從所涉及的動詞來看，主要涉及be 和 have兩個常用動詞。有時也涉及其他時態，如一般將來時，現在完成時等，但很少見。二、真題單句歸納(1) We were driving along a narrow road when the car stop(stop改為stopped) (全國卷)(2) and had returned to the car! Bill

27、is standing at the side of the car (is 改為 was) (全國卷)(3) Two months ago they were back in America. Last Sunday, police cars hurry to the(hurry 改為 hurried) (全國卷)(4) Today, it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past. (第二個is 改為 was) (全國卷)(5) Also, scientists and doctors had learned how to de

28、al with many diseases. (had 改為 have) (全國卷)(6) Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them. (cost 改為 costs) (全國卷)(7) If the book you will want is out, you may ask for it to be called back for you. (去掉 will) (全國卷)(8) I had always wanted to return to the village after moving away and it

29、 is really great to see most of my old friends again. (is 改為 was) (全國卷)(9) They offered me coffee and other drinks. We have a good time talking and laughing together. (have 改為 had) (全國卷)(10) I learn about you from my English teacher, Miss Fang. (learn 改為learned) (全國卷)(11) My favourite sport is footb

30、all. I was a member of our school football team. (was 改為 is) (全國卷)(12) I am happy with any programme but the others spent a lot of time arguing and there was no way of settling the matter except by selling the set. (am 改為 was) (全國卷)(13) Id like very much to come but I had an examination on Monday mo

31、rning. It is a very (had 改為have) (北京春)(14) I remembered her words and calm down. (calm改為calmed)(全國卷)(15) They did not want me to doany work at home; they want me to devote all my time to (did 改為 do) (全國卷)(16) He said he is busy. (is 改為 was) (北京春)(17) On the way up I was busy taking pictures since th

32、e scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. (passes 改為 passed) (全國卷)(18) But his parents think going to college is more important than playing sports and college was the only place for a smart boy like his son. (was 改為 is) (安徽卷)(19) At once I apologizeand controlled myseff at my best till t

33、he dinner started.(apologize改為 apologized) (江蘇卷)(20) Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class, but after class we become stranger at once. (talked改為 talk) (全國卷)(21) She stopped to look out of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbors house. (find改為 found) (福建卷)(22

34、) We were living in a big family. We treat each other as brothers and sisters. (treat改為 treated) (天津卷)(23 I am always young when I was staying with them. (am改為 was) (湖北卷)三、模擬單句演練(1) Just now Jim tells me his mother was ill.(2) I phone the other students a moment ago.(3) We often played together when

35、 we are children.(4) What are you doing when I called you?(5) I see you in the park. You were talking to a pretty girl.(6) She doesnt hear the doorbell, for she was watching TV.(7) Well stay at home playing cards if it will rain tomorrow. (8) Please let me know if you will have any trouble.(9) He hu

36、rt his back when he is playing football with his classmates.(10) Ill write to him when I finished the book.(11) Charles worked hard since leaving school. (12) In fact, I am very thin when I was young.(13) He is kind to me. Although he is very busy, he still came to see me. (14) How long have you bee

37、n here? How did you like our city?(15) As is known to us all, the earth turned around the sun.(16) Im interested in English, so I spoke it better than the others do. (17) Dont worry about it. I promise you I come to help you.(18) Now everything is dear. Even a small piece of bread cost one yuan.(19)

38、 Remember to turn off the lights before you will leave. (20) I forget to tell him the news. Shall we telephone him now?【參考答案】(1) tell 改為 told，因句中有表過去的時間狀語just now(剛剛)。(2) phone 改為 phoned，因句中有表過去的時間狀語a moment ago。(3) are 改為 were，因主句謂語為一般過去時。(4) are 改為 were，因從句謂語為一般過去時。(5) see 改為 saw，因下文用了 were talkin

39、g。(6) doesnt 改為 didnt，因下文用了 was watching。(7) 去掉if從句中的 will，因條件狀語從句要用一般現在時表示將來意義。(8) 去掉 will，因條件狀語從句要用一般現在時表示將來意義。(9) is 改為 was，因主句中的hurt為一般過去時。(10) finished 改為finish，或在 finished 前加 have。即在時間狀語從句中要用一般現在時表示將來意義，但這里也可用現在完成時表示完成。(11) worked 前加has，句中的 since 表示“自從以來一直”，即表示從過去持續到現在的一段時間，故用現在完成時。(12) am 改為

40、was，根據從句中的一般過去時可知 am 應改為 was。(13) came 改為 comes，根據前面的兩處一般現在時可知。(14) did 改為 do，根據前面的現在完成時可知“你”現在還在我們城市，故后面一句問的是“你”現在對我們城市的看法。(15) turned 改為 turns。本句敘述的是客觀真理，故用一般現在時。(16) spoke 改為 speak。全句敘述的是現在的情況。(17) come 前加 will，根據句意，此處應是將來時態。(18) cost 改為 costs，句子講述的是現在的一般情況。(19) 去掉 will，時間狀語從句要用一般現在時表示將來意義。(20) f

41、orget 改為 forgot，根據句意，此題的“忘記”應是指過去忘記。缺詞考點一、考點規律分析與多詞錯誤的情形相似，漏詞也主要涉及英語中一些“小”詞，如冠詞、介詞、不定式符號、人稱代詞、動詞 be等。具體說來，漏詞錯誤可能涉及的問題有：不及物動詞后接賓語時漏加必要的介詞，在該帶不定式符號to的地方漏加 to，在單數可數名詞表示泛指意義時漏加必要的限定詞(尤其是漏加不定冠詞)，漏掉表特指的定冠詞，漏掉被動語態中的助動詞 be，漏加系表結構中的連系動詞 be，漏加一些常用結構或表達中的介詞(如漏掉 a lot of 中的 of，漏掉 because of 中的 of，漏掉 instead of

42、中的 of等)，漏掉某些從句的“引導詞”(通常會導致意義不通)，等等。二、真題單句歸納(1) When we walked to the car, Bill smiled and shook head. (head 前加 his，漢語可“搖頭”，而按英語的習慣要說 shake ones head) (全國卷)(2) When I have free time I go a long walk. (go 后加 for，go for a walk 是習語) (全國卷)(3) Charles said, “As soon I see a realy tall building, I want to

43、climb it.（第一個I 前加 as，因為 as soon as 為引導時間狀語從句的引導詞）(全國卷)(4) Good health is persons most valuable possession. (persons 前加 a，這里的 a 表泛指) (全國卷)(5) The World Health Organization andother organizations are working improve health all over the world. (improve前加 to，to improve為表目的的不定式短語) (全國卷)(6) There is publi

44、c library in every town in Britain. (public library 前加 a，因這里的 public library 是單數可數名詞表泛指，故在其前用 a) (全國卷)(7) In some places you may borrow many books as you want. (many 之前加 as，因此處為as . as 結構) (全國卷)(8) and let you know when the book you want has returned. (returned 之前加 been，因從句意上看，此處用被動語態) (全國卷)(9) I ha

45、d always wanted return to the village after moving away. (return前加 to，因為 want 后要接不定式) (全國卷)(10) I told Mother, Father, Sister, all my friends here what a great time I had. (all 前加 and，表示并列關系) (全國卷)(11) They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions. (eager 前加were，因此處缺謂語動詞)

46、(全國卷)(12) Id like to your pen-friend, and get to know more about your country. (to 后加 be / become，因 would like 后接不定式，根據句意此處應補 be / become) (全國卷)(13) What your favourite sport? (what 后加 is 或將 What 改為 Whats，此句缺謂語) (全國卷)(14) We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves. (instead 后加

47、of，instead of 為復合介詞，在此表示“而不是”) (全國卷)(15) Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team. (captain 前加冠詞 the，captain 為特指) (全國卷)(16) I was happy with any programme but the others spent a lot time arguing(a lot 后加 of，因 a lot 不能直接修飾名詞) (全國卷)(17) Ill take this chance to wish you wonderful ti

48、me on your birthday. (wonderful 前加 a，該表達與 have a good time 類似，其中的 a 不可省) (北京春季卷)(18) Id like very much come but I had an examination on Monday morning. (come 前加 to，因為 would like 后接不定式) (北京春季卷)(19) The day before the speech contest(比賽) English teacher talked to me. (English 前加 my，teacher 為單數可數名詞，前面要限

49、定詞) (全國卷)(20) In one class, I learned it rained.(it 前加why，why 在此表原因) (北京春季卷)(21) But then there is always more mysteries look into. (look 前加 to，此處為不定式作后置定語) (北京春季卷)(22) My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education. (make 前加 to，因為 to make 在此用作目的狀語

50、，注意句型 do all one can to do sth) (全國卷)(23) As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.(在 famous 前加 a，注意 mountain 是單數可數名詞) (全國卷)(24) It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain. (we 前加 when，時間狀語從句缺少連詞引導) (全國卷)(25) There will an important game next month. (

51、will 后加be，此處缺謂語動詞) (安徽春季卷)(26) Because so much viewing, children may not develop the habit of reading and the ability to enjoy themselves. (Because 后加 of，因 so much viewing 相當于名詞) (北京春季卷)(27) One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (showed 后加 it，showed 在此作及物動詞，后面缺少賓語) (全國卷)(28) When

52、I was boy, the most exciting thing was to celebrate the Spring Festival. (boy 前加 a，因 boy 為可數名詞) (江蘇卷)(29) You can find all kinds information in just a few minutes on the Internet. (kinds 后加 of。all kinds of 意為“各種各樣的”) (廣西卷)(30) discover an interest which can even last lifetime. (lifetime 前加 a，指人的一生是

53、a lifetime) (浙江卷) (31) She stopped look out of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbors house. (look 前加 to。因為“停下來去做某事”是 stop to do sth, 不定式作目的狀語) (福建卷)(32) Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. (fire 前加 the，因這是特指的一場火災) (福建卷) (33) As we all left homeat early ag

54、e, we met lots of problems in our daily life (early 前加 an，at an early age 意為“在年幼時”) (天津卷) (34) I often dream of a teacher. (a teacher 前加上 being 或 becoming，根據后文的內容看來，作者不是夢見老師，而是自己夢想“成為”一名教師) (湖北卷)名詞一、考點規律分析短文改錯的名詞考點主要涉及名詞的單復數問題，即在該用復數的地方誤用其單數，或在該用單數的地方誤用其復數。二、真題單句歸納(1) We stopped to rest for a while

55、and to drink some waters from a stream. (waters 改為water，因“水”為物質名詞，不可數) (全國卷)(2) We climb everywhere, not only in America. We have been to Europe many time. (time改為 times，many times 意為“許多次”) (全國卷)(3) There are branch library in many villages. (library 改為 libraries，因其前的謂語are為復數) (全國卷)(4) I hope that y

56、ou two could come and visit us some times soon. (times 改為 time，some time 意為“某時”) (全國卷)(5) Today I visited the Smiths my first time visit to an American family. (去掉time，因first 已含有“次”的意思) (全國卷)(6) They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question. (question 改為 questions，因其前有

57、表示復數意義的修飾語 lots of) (全國卷)(7) We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics. (subject 改為 subjects，因 a few 后應接復數可數名詞) (全國卷)(8) and often watch football match on TV together. (match 改為 matches) (全國卷)(9) Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day! (return改為 retur

58、ns，many happy returns of the day! 為祝賀生日的慣用表達) (北京春季卷)(10) She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success. (schoolmate 改為 schoolmates，因校友不只一個，另外根據其后的 all 也可推知) (全國卷)(11) I used to love science class all of them biology, chemistry, geography, physics. (class 改為 classes，指其后提到的所有課程) (北京春季卷)(12) They did not wan