1、中學常用介詞用法  一、ABOUT 1.動詞+about+sth.。about在此表示“論及，談起，涉及，著手”等意思： arrange about安排，argue about辯論, ask about詢問，bring about帶來，chat about閑聊，care about在意，complain about報怨，go about著手，hear about聽說, inquire about打聽,know about了解， quarrel about爭論，read about讀到, see about負責處理，set about開始, speak a

2、bout談起, talk about談論, think about考慮, trouble about擔心，tell about講述，worry about著急。eg:   She inquired about my brother. 她向我打聽有關我兄弟的情況。        Must set about my packing. 我必須開始收拾行裝。       What are you chatting about? 你們在聊什么呢？

3、 2. be +形容詞+about+sth.。about在此意思是“為，對”，接表原因的詞： be anxious about為著急, be bad about對感到不舒服，be busy about忙于,be careful about小心, be certain about對有把握, be concerned about關心,be crazy about為發狂，be excited about為感到激動, be happy about為而高興,be mad about為發瘋，be nervous about對感到緊張, be particular about挑剔,be

4、pleased about為興奮，be strict about對嚴格，be thoughtful about對考慮周到的，be uneasy about為感受到不安。eg：  What have you been busy about today? 今天在忙些什么？           You are certainly very thoughtful about others. 你為別人想得太周到了。     &

5、#160;     Im strict about such things. 對這些事我是很嚴格的。 注：come about發生，get about（疾病、謠言）流行，turn about轉身， leave about到處亂放，lie about隨便堆放，put about打擾;傳播， put oneself about使發愁。這些詞組中about作副詞，此時about不能接賓語。 二、AFTER 1.動詞+ after。介詞after有“追趕，問候，效仿”之意：ask after問候, be

6、 after尋求,do(sth.)after學著做，go after設法得到, inquire after問候, look after尋找,run after追求, seek after追逐, take after長得像。例如： Every afternoon he called to ask after his girl friend.他每天下午都打電話問候他的女朋友。 The boy takes after his father. 這男孩長得像他父親。 The dogs went after the wounded deer. 一群狗在追趕那只受傷的鹿。 2.

7、after構成的其它短語。after在不同的短語中意思各異： after a little/moment/while過了一會，after all畢竟,after dark天黑以后，after ones heart合的心, after school放學后， after service售后服務，after the fashion時髦的，勉強地， day after day日復一日，one after another一個接一個，year after year年復一年。例如： Dont be too strict with him. After all he is still a child

8、. 不要太苛刻了，畢竟他還是個孩子。 He can speak and write English after a fashion. 他多少會說和寫一點英語，但不太好。 三、AT 1.動詞+ at。at表示“指向某一目標，到達某地”：arrive at抵達,call at sp.訪問某地, catch at(it)當場抓住, come at攻擊, fire at向開火shoot at朝射擊,glance at瞟一眼, look at看一眼stare at盯著看glare at怒目而視, grieve at憂傷，knock at敲,laugh at嘲笑, pull

9、at拉扯, rejoice at對高興，smile at向某人微笑, ,thrust at刺向, tear at撕, tremble at顫抖，wonder at吃驚，work at工作。例如： Dont let me catch you again at it.不要再讓我當場逮住你。 We must “shoot the arrow at the target”. 我們必須有的放矢。 They trembled at the sight of the peasants spears.看到農民的梭標，他們陣陣發抖。 2. be +形容詞/過去分詞+ at其中at表

10、示“情緒、情感的原因，或對某物具有某種感情”：be angry at惱怒于, be alarmed at對保持警覺,be astonished at對吃驚, be bad at不擅長, be clever at對某事很靈巧,be delighted at高興，be disgusted at厭惡, be disappointed at對失望，be good at擅長, be impatient at對不夠耐心, be mad at狂熱于,be pleased at對感到高興, be present at出席, be satisfied at滿意,be surprised at吃驚, be sho

11、cked at對非常震驚，be terrified at受到的恐嚇,be quick at對很機敏。例如： They were overjoyed at his return to work. 他們對他重返工作感到欣喜。 They are alarmed at the growth of the liberation movement in the colonies. 他們對殖民地日益壯大的解放運動警覺起來。 3.at+名詞構成的詞組：at a distance在一定距離，at a loss不知所措，at sea不知所措at a time一次,at times有時，at a

12、ll一點也不，at any cost不惜一切代價，at best最好也只是，at first起初，at hand手頭，at heart在內心里，at home在家；無拘束，at last最后，at least至少，at most最多，at once馬上，at present目前，at will任意地，at work起作用，at worst最壞。 4.其它含有at的短語：work hard at勤奮工作，drop in at sp.順路拜訪某地。 四、FOR 1.動詞+for a)動詞+for。for表原因、目的：account  fo

13、r解釋；說明, answer for對負責,apply for申請；請求, apologize for為而道歉, beg for請求, call for要求,care for在意, enter for報名參加, fight for為而戰, hope for希望,inquire for查詢；求見, leave for離開到某地, look for尋找, long for盼望,mistake for誤認為, plan for計劃做某事, prepare for為作準備,provide for為提供, reach for伸手去拿, run for競選, stand for象征,search for搜

14、尋, send for派人去請, speak for陳述意見愿望, take for當作, wish for希望, wait for等待例如： His illness accounts for his absence. 他因病缺席。 The baby reached for the apple but couldnt reach it.那嬰兒伸手去蘋果，但夠不著。 He who would search for pearls must dive below.要想找到珍珠，必須潛到海底。 b)動詞+sb.+ for +sth.。for表示原因或目的：ask for要

15、求得到,blame for因責備, excuse for寬恕, forgive for諒解, pardon for原諒,pay for花錢買, praise for稱贊, punish for對進行懲罰,push for催逼，reward for酬謝, thank for對表示謝意。例如： Please excuse me for my being late. 請原諒我的遲到。 Forgive me for my keeping you waiting. 請見諒，讓你久等了。 2. be +形容詞+for。for表作用、目的、對人或物有某種情緒等：be anxious fo

16、r急于做, be eager for渴望, be bad for有害于,be convenient for便于, be good for利于, be famous for以出名,be fit for適合于, be grateful for對心存感激, be impatient for對不耐煩,be late for遲到, be necessary for有必要, be ready for作好準備,be sorry for為而后悔, be responsible for對負責,be suitable for適合于, be unfit for不適合, be useful for對有作用。例如： H

17、e is eager for success. 他渴望成功。 The government is responsible for the nations welfare.政府負責民眾的福利。 3.for+名詞構成的詞組：for all盡管，once for all一勞永逸地，for a song非常便宜地，for certain確切地， for sure確切地，for company陪著，for ever永遠，for example例如，for instance比方，for fear以免，for fair肯定地，for free免費，for fun為了好玩，for spor

18、t好玩，for pleasure為了消遣，for good永遠，for luck祝福，for life終身，for long長久，for nothing白白地，for once有生第一次，for oneself替自己，for reason因為理由，for sale供出售，for shame真不害臊，for short簡稱，for sure確切地。 4.動詞+副詞/名詞+for構成的短語：be in for將遇到，make up for彌補，go in for從事，look out for提防，take sth. for granted把當作理所當然,have an ear for音感

19、好, have a gift for有某方面的天賦。 五、FROM 1.動詞+from a)動詞+ from。from表示“來源、原因、起始”等：come from來自,date from追溯, depart from違背, die from死于, escape from逃出,fall from自跌落, hang from垂掛, hear from收到來信,learn from向某人學習, return from自某地返回，rise from自冒出, result from起因于, suffer from忍受。例如： All the characters in t

20、he book are drawn from real life.書中所有的人物都來自于真實的生活。 Any damage resulting from negligence must be paid for by the borrower. 因疏忽引起的任何損壞都應由借用者負責賠償。 He has recovered from his surprise. 他好不容易回過神來。 b)動詞+ sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a place。from表示“來源、免于”等：borrow from向借, choose from選自, excuse

21、from免除, keep from阻止做,prevent from不準做, stop from阻止protect from不受之害, receive from收到,remove from移動；除去, save from保全；拯救, separate from分離開來,。例如： He was excused from attendance at the lecture. 他獲準可不去聽課。 Stop the child from spoiling the book. 不要讓孩子弄壞了書。 2. be +形容詞+ from。此時from含義眾多：be absent from缺席

22、,be different from與眾不同, be far from更不用說, be hidden from躲避,be made from用制成, be tired from因而疲倦。例如： The boy cant walk and is far from running.那男孩不會走路，更不用說跑了。 3.fromto。表示從一種狀態到另一狀態的變化或從到：from bad to worse每況愈下，from beginning to end自始至終，from cover to cover從頭到尾，from China to Peru到處，from day to day一天一天

23、地，from door to door挨家挨戶，from end to end從頭至尾，from first to last自始至終，from hand to mouth勉強糊口rom head to foot從頭到腳，from mouth to mouth廣泛流傳，from sun to sun從日出到日落，from start to finish從頭開始，from top to toe從頭到腳，from time to time不時地，from top to bottom徹底地。 六、IN 1.動詞+in a)動詞+ in。in在短語中的含義異常豐富：beli

24、eve in信任, break in碎成，bring in引起；產生；帶來, call in下令收回, fill in填充,get in收獲, hand in上繳, involve in涉及, lie in在于, result in導致, share in共享,succeed in成功, take in卷起；訂閱, turn in歸還當局。例如： He was so short of money that he had to call in the loans that he had made. 他很缺乏資金，不得不收回所有的款子。 Your failure lies in your

25、 laziness. 你失敗的原因在于懶惰。 Orders are given to take in sail.已發布收帆的命令。 b)動詞+sb./time/money+ in。介詞in后接（doing）sth.：help sb. in幫助某人做某事, spare time/money in勻出時間或錢做某事,spend time/money in花時間或錢做某事,waste time/money in浪費時間或錢做某事。        例如： She offered to help him

26、in the housekeeping.她提出她可以幫助他料理家務。 2. be +形容詞+ in。in表示“在某些方面或穿著”：be active in活躍于,be absorbed in專心致志, be busy in忙碌, be born in出生于,be concerned in牽涉, be clothed in穿著, be disappointed in對失望,be diligent in勤于, be experienced in在有經驗, be employed in任職于,be engaged in忙碌, be expert in某方面的專家, be excellent

27、 in在優秀,be interested in對有興趣, be lacking in缺乏, be rich in富有,be slow in遲緩, be successful in在某方面成功, be skilled in精于,be strict in嚴于, be weak in弱于。例如： She was completely absorbed in her own affairs. 她完全專注于自己的事務。 More than one person has been concerned in this. 不只一人牽涉到這件事。 3. in +名詞。 in表示“處于某種狀態

28、或在某些方面”等意思：in advance提前,in all總共，in balance總而言之，in bed臥床，in body親自，in brief簡明扼要，in case萬一, in charge主管，in danger有危險, in debt負債, in despair失望,in force大量地；有效，in full全部地, in flower開花,in general一般說來,in itself本身, in love戀愛, in order井然有序, in person親自,in public公開地, in progress有進展, in practice從實踐上看, in rags

29、穿著破衣, in research探索, in return作為報答,in ruins一片廢墟,in short總之,in theory從理論上看, in trouble有麻煩, in tears眼淚汪汪,in time及時, in turn按順序, in vain白白地，in view看得見。 注意這詞組中的in為副詞：check in到達登記，cut in插嘴，count in包括,draw in時間接近, drop in順路拜訪, give in屈服, pour in源源而來。 七、OF 1.動詞+of a)動詞+of。of意為“有關，由于”： b

30、eg of(sb.)請求某人,complain of抱怨，consist of由構成, die of死于, dream of夢想, hear of聽說, know of了解,speak of談及, tell of講到, think of想起, talk of論及。例如： Never has one of them complained of all the trouble we give.從沒有人抱怨我們帶來這么多麻煩。 Carbon dioxide consists of carbon and oxygen. 二氧化碳由碳、氧兩種元素組成。 b)動詞+sb.+of+sth

31、.。of有“剝奪，有關”之意：accuse of控告（譴責，非難）某人, cheat of騙走, deprive of剝奪,inform of匯報, rob of搶走, remind of提醒, warn of警告。例如： He has cheated me of my poverty. 他騙走了我的財產。 They are deprived of their rights as citizens.他們的公民權都被剝奪了。 c)動詞+sth.+ of +sb.。介詞of表動賓關系，后接動作的賓語 sb.：request of請求(某人做某事), require o

32、f要求得到。例如： All I request of you is that you should come here early.我唯一的請求就是希望你早點來。 You have done all the law requires of you.你做的這一切都是法律對你的要求。 2. be +形容詞+ of。of后接表對象或目標的詞，這類短語有很多： be aware of覺察, be ashamed of以為恥, be afraid of擔心,be bare of沒有, be careful of小心, be clear of還清債務,be certain o

33、f確信, be composed of由構成, be envious of嫉妒,be forgetful of健忘, be fond of喜歡, be free of免于；擺脫, be full of充滿, be guilty of認罪, be hopeful of抱有希望,be informed of匯報, be impatient of對無耐心, be jealous of嫉妒,be made of用制成, be mindful of留意, be proud of以為驕傲,be sick of煩于, be short of缺乏, be sure of確信, be tired of困于,be

34、 worthy of值得。 3.of+名詞構成的詞組：of age成年, of choice精選的，of course當然,of late最近，of name有名的，of oneself自動地，of purpose有意地，of use有用，of values有價值的。 八、ON 1.動詞+on a)動詞+ on。介詞on表示“憑借，產生某結果，接通”等意思：act on對有作用, bring on促使；導致, call on拜訪某人,count on依賴, carry on執行,depend on取決, feed on以為生,figure on料想；推斷

35、, go on繼續,have on穿著, insist on堅持,keep on繼續, lean on依賴, live on以為生, pull on迅速穿上,put on穿上, switch on接通（電源）, take on喜歡；養成；輕易學會，turn on接通（電源）, work on操作, wait on侍候。例如： This kind of medicine acts on the heart. 這種藥對心臟有好處。 The fine weather brings on the crops nicely. 好天氣促使莊稼長勢良好。 We count on you

36、to help. 我們有賴你的幫助。 b)動詞+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.)。on的意思是“以,對，在某方面”：base on以為基礎, congratulate on恭賀, fix on固定, have mercy on.憐憫,have pity on憐惜, keep watch on監視, spend on把時間、精力花在某方面。例如： Theory should be based on practice. 理論聯系實際。 Congratulate on your success in the competition. 恭喜你競賽獲得成功。 

37、;2.be+形容詞+on的詞組：be dependent on依賴, be hard on對某人苛刻,be impressed on對印象深刻, be keen on渴望, be strict on對嚴格。例如： We cant just be dependent on our parents. 我們不能只依賴父母。 He is keen on going abroad. 他渴望出國。 3.on+名詞構成的詞組：on表示處于某種狀態或在某個方位：on board乘（車,飛機）,on call聽候召喚, on duty值班, on earth到底, on fire著火, on

38、 foot步行，on guard在崗，on hire雇用，on holiday度假，on leave休假，on ones knees跪下,on ones way在的路上,on purpose故意, on sale待售，on shore在岸上,on time準時, on the move行動, on the other hand另一方面, on the spot當場,on the tip of ones tongue快要說出口, on top of在的頂部，on watch值班。 九、TO 1.動詞+to a)動詞+ to。介詞to意為“達到，指向”等：adjust

39、 to適應, attend to處理；照料, agree to贊同, amount to加起來達，belong to屬于, come to達到, drink to為干杯，get to到達, happen to發生在某人身上, hold to緊握, lead to通向, listen to聽, occur to想起, object to反對, point to指向, respond to回答, refer to參考；指的是；涉及, reply to回答, see to負責,stick to堅持, turn to求助, write to給某人寫信。例如： She must learn to adj

40、ust herself to English life. 她必須學會適應英國的生活。 Business has to be attended to. 有事要辦。 An idea occurred to me. 我想出一個辦法。 b)動詞(+sth.)+to+sb.。下列動詞不能直接帶間接賓語sb.，要接間接賓語時須在動詞后加介詞to：announce to通知某人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人解釋, express to對某人表達, mention to提及, nod to向某人點頭, report to報告, say to告知, shout to對某人大叫, suggest to對某人提建議,speak to與某人交談, talk to跟某人談話, whisper to和某人低聲耳語。例如： She suggested to me one people for the committee.她跟我向