1、Sobel邊緣提取一、動態分割視圖窗口，一邊顯示原來的圖像，一邊顯示邊緣提取的圖像，如下圖所示：具體步驟：1、 建立基于MFC的工程：注意在建立工程中，采用單文檔，然后點擊finish【完成】工程建立。2、 創建一個動態分割窗口視圖類，類名自擬。添加如下類函數：（1）BOOL CDynSplit:IsDynamic() return m_bDynSplit;（2）void CDynSplit:OnInvertTracker(const CRect &rect)if(!m_bDynSplit)CSplitterWnd:OnInvertTracker(rect);elsereturn;（3

2、）void CDynSplit:StartTracking(int ht)if(!m_bDynSplit)CSplitterWnd:StartTracking(ht);return;ASSERT_VALID(this);if (ht = noHit)return;/ GetHitRect will restrict 'm_rectLimit' as appropriateGetInsideRect(m_rectLimit);if (ht >= splitterIntersection1 && ht <= splitterIntersection225

3、)/ split two directions (two tracking rectangles)int row = (ht - splitterIntersection1) / 15;int col = (ht - splitterIntersection1) % 15;GetHitRect(row + vSplitterBar1, m_rectTracker);int yTrackOffset = m_ptTrackOffset.y;m_bTracking2 = TRUE;GetHitRect(col + hSplitterBar1, m_rectTracker2);m_ptTrackOf

4、fset.y = yTrackOffset;else if (ht = bothSplitterBox)/ hit on splitter boxes (for keyboard)GetHitRect(vSplitterBox, m_rectTracker);int yTrackOffset = m_ptTrackOffset.y;m_bTracking2 = TRUE;GetHitRect(hSplitterBox, m_rectTracker2);m_ptTrackOffset.y = yTrackOffset;/ center itm_rectTracker.OffsetRect(0,

5、m_rectLimit.Height()/2);m_rectTracker2.OffsetRect(m_rectLimit.Width()/2, 0);else/ only hit one barGetHitRect(ht, m_rectTracker);/ steal focus and captureSetCapture();/ set tracking state and appropriate cursorm_bTracking = TRUE;m_htTrack = ht;SetSplitCursor(ht);（4）void CDynSplit:StopTracking(BOOL bA

6、ccept)ASSERT_VALID(this);if (!m_bTracking)return;ReleaseCapture();/ erase tracker rectangleOnInvertTracker(m_rectTracker);if (m_bTracking2)OnInvertTracker(m_rectTracker2);m_bTracking = m_bTracking2 = FALSE;/ save old active viewCWnd* pOldActiveView = GetActivePane();/ m_rectTracker is set to the new

7、 splitter position (without border)/ (so, adjust relative to where the border will be)m_rectTracker.OffsetRect(-CX_BORDER , -CY_BORDER);m_rectTracker2.OffsetRect(-CX_BORDER, -CY_BORDER);if (bAccept)if (m_htTrack = vSplitterBox)SplitRow(m_rectTracker.top);else if (m_htTrack >= vSplitterBar1 &&

8、amp; m_htTrack <= vSplitterBar15)/ set row heightTrackRowSize(m_rectTracker.top, m_htTrack - vSplitterBar1);RecalcLayout();else if (m_htTrack = hSplitterBox)SplitColumn(m_rectTracker.left);else if (m_htTrack >= hSplitterBar1 && m_htTrack <= hSplitterBar15)/ set column widthTrackColu

9、mnSize(m_rectTracker.left, m_htTrack - hSplitterBar1);RecalcLayout();else if (m_htTrack >= splitterIntersection1 &&m_htTrack <= splitterIntersection225)/ set row height and column widthint row = (m_htTrack - splitterIntersection1) / 15;int col = (m_htTrack - splitterIntersection1) % 15

10、;TrackRowSize(m_rectTracker.top, row);TrackColumnSize(m_rectTracker2.left, col);RecalcLayout();else if (m_htTrack = bothSplitterBox)/ rectTracker is vSplitter (splits rows)/ rectTracker2 is hSplitter (splits cols)SplitRow(m_rectTracker.top);SplitColumn(m_rectTracker2.left);if ( (pOldActiveView = Get

11、ActivePane() && (pOldActiveView != NULL) )SetActivePane(-1, -1, pOldActiveView); / re-activate（5）在該類的頭文件（.h）中添加如下函數：voidSetDynamic(BOOL bDynSplit = TRUE) m_bDynSplit = bDynSplit; （6）為了防止出現錯誤，前面（1）-（4）函數添加采用：第6個函數直接放在該類的源文件（.cpp）文件中：void CDynSplit:OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint pt)if(!m_bDyn

12、Split)CSplitterWnd:OnMouseMove(nFlags, pt);return;if (GetCapture() != this)StopTracking(FALSE);if (m_bTracking)/ move tracker to current cursor positionpt.Offset(m_ptTrackOffset); / pt is the upper right of hit detect/ limit the point to the valid split rangeif (pt.y < m_rectLimit.top)pt.y = m_re

13、ctLimit.top;else if (pt.y > m_rectLimit.bottom)pt.y = m_rectLimit.bottom;if (pt.x < m_rectLimit.left)pt.x = m_rectLimit.left;else if (pt.x > m_rectLimit.right)pt.x = m_rectLimit.right;if (m_htTrack = vSplitterBox |m_htTrack >= vSplitterBar1 && m_htTrack <= vSplitterBar15)if (m

14、_rectTracker.top != pt.y)OnInvertTracker(m_rectTracker);m_rectTracker.OffsetRect(0, pt.y - m_rectTracker.top);OnInvertTracker(m_rectTracker);else if (m_htTrack = hSplitterBox |m_htTrack >= hSplitterBar1 && m_htTrack <= hSplitterBar15)if (m_rectTracker.left != pt.x)OnInvertTracker(m_rec

15、tTracker);m_rectTracker.OffsetRect(pt.x - m_rectTracker.left, 0);OnInvertTracker(m_rectTracker);else if (m_htTrack = bothSplitterBox | (m_htTrack >= splitterIntersection1 &&m_htTrack <= splitterIntersection225)if (m_rectTracker.top != pt.y)OnInvertTracker(m_rectTracker);m_rectTracker.O

16、ffsetRect(0, pt.y - m_rectTracker.top);OnInvertTracker(m_rectTracker);if (m_rectTracker2.left != pt.x)OnInvertTracker(m_rectTracker2);m_rectTracker2.OffsetRect(pt.x - m_rectTracker2.left, 0);OnInvertTracker(m_rectTracker2);OnLButtonUp(MK_LBUTTON,pt);OnLButtonDown(MK_LBUTTON,pt);if(m_OldPoint != pt)R

17、edrawWindow(NULL, NULL, RDW_ALLCHILDREN | RDW_UPDATENOW);m_OldPoint = pt;else/ simply hit-test and set appropriate cursorint ht = HitTest(pt);SetSplitCursor(ht);在源文件（.cpp）文件中添加如下代碼：BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CDynSplit, CSplitterWnd)/AFX_MSG_MAP(CDynSplit)ON_WM_MOUSEMOVE()/AFX_MSG_MAPEND_MESSAGE_MAP()在頭文件中添加如

18、下代碼：protected:/AFX_MSG(CDynSplit)afx_msg void OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point);/AFX_MSGDECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()（7）在頭文件中聲明兩個變量和一個枚舉類型：protected:CPoint m_OldPoint;BOOLm_bDynSplit;enum HitTestValuenoHit = 0,vSplitterBox = 1,hSplitterBox = 2,bothSplitterBox = 3, / just for keyboardvSplitterBar1 = 101

19、,vSplitterBar15 = 115,hSplitterBar1 = 201,hSplitterBar15 = 215,splitterIntersection1 = 301,splitterIntersection225 = 525;（8）在源文件中添加預定義：#define CX_BORDER1#define CY_BORDER1#define FAR_POINT_XY-10000（9）在頭文件里面添加：#ifndef _DYN_SPLITTER_H#define _DYN_SPLITTER_H3、 在框架類中操作（1）聲明上面剛剛創建類的一個類對象：protected:CDynSp

20、lit m_wndSplitter;（2）添加一個虛函數，實現代碼如下：在類的頭文件中：virtual BOOL OnCreateClient(LPCREATESTRUCT lpcs, CCreateContext* pContext);在類的源文件中：BOOL CMainFrame:OnCreateClient( LPCREATESTRUCT,CCreateContext* pContext)/ create a splitter with 1 row, 2 columnsif (!m_wndSplitter.CreateStatic(this, 1, 2)TRACE0("Fail

21、ed to Splitter windown");return FALSE;/ add the first splitter pane - the default view in column 0if (!m_wndSplitter.CreateView(0, 0,pContext->m_pNewViewClass, CSize(275, 275), pContext)TRACE0("Failed to create first panen");return FALSE;/ add the second splitter pane - an input vi

22、ew in column 1if (!m_wndSplitter.CreateView(0, 1,RUNTIME_CLASS(CLineView2), CSize(0, 0), pContext)TRACE0("Failed to create second panen");return FALSE;/ activate the input viewSetActiveView(CView*)m_wndSplitter.GetPane(0,1);return TRUE;（3）添加第二個視圖類：這樣運行一下，就可以看到上面兩個視圖窗口了。二、讀BMP文件并顯示在左邊的視圖中。（

23、1）創建一個讀位圖文件的類。在該類的頭文件中添加：#ifndef _CDIB_H#define _CDIB_H在頭文件中聲明下來變量和函數：public: RGBQUAD* m_pRGB; BYTE* m_pData; UINT m_numberOfColors;BOOL m_valid; BITMAPFILEHEADER bitmapFileHeader; BITMAPINFOHEADER* m_pBitmapInfoHeader; BITMAPINFO* m_pBitmapInfo;int byBitCount;DWORD dwWidthBytes;char m_fileName256;

24、char* GetFileName(); BOOL IsValid(); DWORD GetSize(); UINT GetWidth(); UINT GetHeight(); UINT GetNumberOfColors(); RGBQUAD* GetRGB(); BYTE* GetData(); BITMAPINFO* GetInfo();DWORD GetDibWidthBytes();WORD PaletteSize(LPBYTE lpDIB);WORD DIBNumColors(LPBYTE lpDIB); void SaveFile(const CString filename);

25、void LoadFile(const char* dibFileName);具體實現函數如下：void CReadFile:LoadFile(const char* dibFileName)strcpy(m_fileName,dibFileName); CFile dibFile(m_fileName, CFile:modeRead); dibFile.Read(void*)&bitmapFileHeader,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER); if (bitmapFileHeader.bfType = 0x4d42) DWORD fileLength = dibFi

26、le.GetLength(); DWORD size = fileLength -sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER); BYTE* pDib = (BYTE*)GlobalAllocPtr(GMEM_MOVEABLE, size); dibFile.Read(void*)pDib, size); dibFile.Close(); m_pBitmapInfo = (BITMAPINFO*) pDib; m_pBitmapInfoHeader = (BITMAPINFOHEADER*) pDib; m_pRGB = (RGBQUAD*)(pDib +m_pBitmapInfoHead

27、er->biSize); int m_numberOfColors = GetNumberOfColors(); if (m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biClrUsed = 0) m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biClrUsed =m_numberOfColors; DWORD colorTableSize = m_numberOfColors * sizeof(RGBQUAD); m_pData = pDib + m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biSize + colorTableSize;if (m_pRGB = (RGBQUA

28、D*)m_pData) / No color tablem_pRGB = NULL; m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biSizeImage = GetSize();m_valid = TRUE; else m_valid = FALSE; AfxMessageBox("This isn't a bitmap file!"); BOOL CReadFile:IsValid() return m_valid; char* CReadFile:GetFileName() return m_fileName; UINT CReadFile:GetWidth

29、() return (UINT) m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biWidth; UINT CReadFile:GetHeight() return (UINT) m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biHeight; DWORD CReadFile:GetSize() if (m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biSizeImage != 0) return m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biSizeImage;else DWORD height = (DWORD) GetHeight(); DWORD width = (DWOR

30、D) GetWidth(); return height * width; UINT CReadFile:GetNumberOfColors()int numberOfColors; if (m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biClrUsed = 0) &&(m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biBitCount < 9)switch (m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biBitCount)case 1: numberOfColors = 2; break;case 4: numberOfColors = 16; break;

31、case 8: numberOfColors = 256; elsenumberOfColors = (int) m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biClrUsed; return numberOfColors;DWORD CReadFile:GetDibWidthBytes() byBitCount=m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biBitCount;LONG nWidth=m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biWidth;dwWidthBytes = (DWORD)m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biWidth;/8-bits

32、if(byBitCount = 1) dwWidthBytes = (nWidth + 7) / 8;else if(byBitCount = 4) dwWidthBytes = (nWidth + 1) / 2;else if(byBitCount = 24) dwWidthBytes = 3 * nWidth ;while(dwWidthBytes & 3) != 0)dwWidthBytes+;return dwWidthBytes; BYTE* CReadFile:GetData() return m_pData;RGBQUAD* CReadFile:GetRGB() retu

33、rn m_pRGB;BITMAPINFO* CReadFile:GetInfo() return m_pBitmapInfo;WORD CReadFile:PaletteSize(LPBYTE lpDIB) return (DIBNumColors(lpDIB) * sizeof(RGBTRIPLE); WORD CReadFile:DIBNumColors(LPBYTE lpDIB) WORD wBitCount; / DIB bit count wBitCount = (LPBITMAPCOREHEADER)lpDIB)->bcBitCount; switch (wBitCount)

34、 case 1: return 2; case 4: return 16; case 8: return 256; default: return 0; void CReadFile:SaveFile(const CString filename) BITMAPFILEHEADER bmfHdr; / Header for Bitmap file LPBITMAPINFOHEADER lpBI; / Pointer to DIB info structure DWORD dwDIBSize; bmfHdr.bfType = 0x4d42; / "BM" lpBI = (LP

35、BITMAPINFOHEADER)m_pBitmapInfoHeader; dwDIBSize = *(LPDWORD)lpBI + PaletteSize(LPBYTE)lpBI); if (lpBI->biCompression = BI_RLE8) | (lpBI->biCompression = BI_RLE4) dwDIBSize += lpBI->biSizeImage; else DWORD dwBmBitsSize; / Size of Bitmap Bits only dwBmBitsSize = WIDTHBYTES(lpBI->biWidth)*(

36、DWORD)lpBI->biBitCount) * lpBI->biHeight; dwDIBSize += dwBmBitsSize; lpBI->biSizeImage = dwBmBitsSize; bmfHdr.bfSize = dwDIBSize + sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER); bmfHdr.bfReserved1 = 0; bmfHdr.bfReserved2 = 0; bmfHdr.bfOffBits = (DWORD)sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + lpBI->biSize + PaletteSize(LPB

37、YTE)lpBI); CFile dibFile(filename, CFile:modeWrite|CFile:modeCreate);dibFile.Write(&bmfHdr, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER);dibFile.WriteHuge(lpBI, dwDIBSize);dibFile.Close();在源文件的上面引用下列庫和定義：#include "windowsx.h"#include "math.h"#define WIDTHBYTES(bits) (bits) + 31) / 32 * 4)（2）打開資源

38、視圖，如下圖：在“文件”菜單下，應用“打開”子菜單。添加“圖像處理”菜單。添加“顯示原圖像”子菜單。回到類視圖，在文檔類里面加入“文件”菜單下“打開”子菜單的消息處理函數：消息處理函數：void CLineDoc:OnFileOpen() / TODO: Add your command handler code hereCFileDialog dlg(TRUE,_T("BMP"),_T("*.BMP"),OFN_HIDEREADONLY|OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT,_T("位圖文件(*.BMP)|*.BMP|"); if

39、(IDOK=dlg.DoModal () filename.Format ("%s",dlg.GetPathName() ); CReadfile.LoadFile(filename); CSobel.LoadFile(filename);statedoc=1;在文檔類的頭文件里面聲明：public: CReadFile CReadfile; CSobelEx CSobel; CString filename; int statedoc;（3）在第一個視圖類里面進行如下操作：打開類魔棒ClassWizard：添加“顯示原圖像”子菜單的消息處理函數：void CLineVie

40、w:OnAppearbmp() / TODO: Add your command handler code hereCLineDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();ASSERT_VALID(pDoc); filename=pDoc->filename;state1=1;Invalidate();在第一個視圖類的頭文件里面聲明：public: CString filename;int state1;修改ondraw繪圖函數：void CLineView:OnDraw(CDC* pDC)if(state1=1)CBitmap m_bitmap;HBITMAP hBitmap=(

41、HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,_T(filename),IMAGE_BITMAP,0,0,LR_CREATEDIBSECTION|LR_DEFAULTSIZE|LR_LOADFROMFILE); m_bitmap.Attach (hBitmap);CDC dcImage;if(!dcImage.CreateCompatibleDC (pDC)return;BITMAP bm;m_bitmap.GetBitmap (&bm); dcImage.SelectObject (&m_bitmap);pDC->BitBlt (0,0,bm.bmWidth ,bm.b

42、mHeight ,&dcImage,0,0,SRCCOPY);在文檔類頭文件里加入：#include "ReadFile.h"#include "SobelEx.h"在第二個視圖類中加入：#include "ReadFile.h"Readfile類頭文件中做如下操作：/#if !defined(AFX_READFILE_H_1B18FDF4_DBBC_4107_8F50_BF47EC94D9BA_INCLUDED_)/#define AFX_READFILE_H_1B18FDF4_DBBC_4107_8F50_BF47EC94

43、D9BA_INCLUDED_/#if _MSC_VER > 1000/#pragma once/#endif / _MSC_VER > 1000創建一個Sobel算法處理類：這個地方基類應為CReadFile在該類頭文件增加#include "ReadFile.h"在該類源文件增加以下三個函數：void CSobelEx:Sobel()int tempH; /模板高度int tempW; /模板寬度float tempC; /模板系數int tempMY; /模板中心元素Y坐標int tempMX; /模板中心元素X坐標float Template9; /模板數

44、組LPBYTE p_data; /原圖數據區指針 int wide,height; /原圖長、寬p_data=this->GetData (); wide=this->GetWidth (); height=this->GetHeight ();if (m_pBitmapInfoHeader->biBitCount<9)/灰度圖像 LPBYTE temp1=new BYTEwide*height; /新圖像緩沖區 LPBYTE temp2=new BYTEwide*height; /新圖像緩沖區 /拷貝原圖像到緩存圖像memcpy( temp1,p_data,wi

45、de*height); memcpy( temp2,p_data,wide*height);/設置Sobel模板參數tempW=3;tempH=3;tempC=1.0;tempMY=1;tempMX=1;Template0=-1.0; Template1=-2.0;Template2=-1.0;Template3=0.0;Template4=0.0;Template5=0.0;Template6=1.0;Template7=2.0;Template8=1.0;/調用Templat()函數Templat( temp1,wide,height,tempH,tempW,tempMX,tempMY,T

46、emplate,tempC); /設置Sobel模板參數 Template0=-1.0; Template1=0.0;Template2=1.0;Template3=-2.0;Template4=0.0;Template5=2.0;Template6=-1.0;Template7=0.0;Template8=1.0;/調用Templat()函數Templat( temp2,wide,height,tempH,tempW,tempMX,tempMY,Template,tempC); /求兩幅緩存圖像的最大值for(int j=0;j<height;j+)for(int i=0;i<w

47、ide;i+)if( temp2j*wide+i> temp1j*wide+i) temp1j*wide+i= temp2j*wide+i; /將緩存中的圖像復制到原圖數據區memcpy(p_data, temp1,wide*height);/刪除緩沖區delete temp1;delete temp2;else/24位彩色 int DibWidth; /原圖長、寬 DibWidth=this->GetDibWidthBytes(); /取得原圖的每行字節數 BYTE *p_temp1=new BYTEheight*DibWidth;BYTE *p_temp2=new BYTEhe

48、ight*DibWidth;/將緩存中的圖像復制到原圖數據區memcpy(p_temp1,p_data,DibWidth*height);memcpy(p_temp2,p_data,DibWidth*height);/設置Sobel模板參數tempW=3;tempH=3;tempC=1.0;tempMY=1;tempMX=1;Template0=-1.0; Template1=-2.0;Template2=-1.0;Template3=0.0;Template4=0.0;Template5=0.0;Template6=1.0;Template7=2.0;Template8=1.0;Templa

49、t24bit( p_temp1,DibWidth,height,tempH,tempW,tempMX,tempMY,Template,tempC); /設置Sobel模板參數 Template0=-1.0; Template1=0.0;Template2=1.0;Template3=-2.0;Template4=0.0;Template5=2.0;Template6=-1.0;Template7=0.0;Template8=1.0;Templat24bit( p_temp2,DibWidth,height,tempH,tempW,tempMX,tempMY,Template,tempC); /

50、求兩幅緩存圖像的最大值for(int j=0;j<height;j+)for(int i=0;i<wide;i+)if( p_temp2j*DibWidth+i> p_temp1j*DibWidth+i) p_temp1j*DibWidth+i= p_temp2j*DibWidth+i; memcpy(p_data,p_temp1,height*DibWidth); / 復制處理后的圖像 delete p_temp1; /刪除暫時分配內存 delete p_temp2; /刪除暫時分配內存void CSobelEx:Templat(BYTE *m_pdata, int wide, int height, int tempH, int tempW, int t