1、兀日曰素：通用：單元音：前元音：/i/i:/e/? /后元音：/u/u:/ ?/?:/ /?/ /a:/中元音：/?/?/雙元音：合口雙元音：/ei/ai/ ?i/ /au/ / ?u/集口雙元音：/i?/?7 /u7KK:單元音：/i/ /?/ /?/ /? / /a/ /?/ /?/?/ /?/ /u/ /?/ /?/雙元音：/e/o/a 7 /a?/?7DJ:單元音：前元音：/? /i:/ /e/ /? /后元音：/?/u:/?/?:/7 / d/中元音：/?/ / ?:/雙元音：合 口 雙元音：/e7 /a? /? /a ?/ /?/集口雙元音：/? /e7 /?/輔音音素KK&DJ

2、:爆破音：/p/b/ /t/d/ /k/ /g/摩擦音：/f/v/ / 0 / /e/ /s/z/?/ /r/ /h/破擦音：/ts/dz/ /tr/ /dr/ /t/d7鼻音：/m/ /n/ /?/邊音：/l/半元音：/w/ /j/1 .元音音素/i/ /?/?/? /a /?/(/?/)/?/?/u/?/?/eMo/ /a ?/a?/?7pleaseseemeatbelievethis difficult if dinnerbedmendressfriendapplemanstandangryhot topicofficemodernbut gun jump lovealways tall

3、 bought thoughtbook foot pull push tookmoon shoes room bluefirst Thursday girl worklategatebaseball stayOKgodroveslow momenttimewildnine diningnow house ground announceenjoy noise boys annoying2 .中性/松元音 /7 /?/ /?/ /?/緊元音 /i/ /? /a/u/?/fool - full hot - hut steel - still bag - beg3 ./i/ 與/?/i/嘴唇向兩邊收緊

4、，扁唇；舌頭在口腔里向后收緊see cheese please beat believe deceive/?嘴唇放松；舌頭位于正常位置，放松if different this thing system gymbeach -feet - fit leave - live sleep - slip these - this feel - fill steel - still eat - it bitch sheet - shit句子：Can you feel it? |Can you fill it?Did you heat it? |Did you hit it?He doesnt want t

5、o leave.He doesnt want to live. |She was feeling sleep after eating the big meal.These three people speak chinese.We love the green fields and the beach breezes.Steve believes he will see Peter this week.注意：主要區(qū)別不是長短而是緊松。被強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，松元音也可變長Wow, your house is big!Wow, your house is big!4 ./a/與/?/a/上下張大嘴，把舌頭貼

6、在口腔底部，舌尖觸碰下齒hot father army watch/?/嘴唇放松；舌頭位于正常位置，放松up fun but number cousin country love son other done/a/發(fā)音通常較長，特別是重讀的名詞和形容詞That S impossible.I love my new job.shot - shut Don - done lock - luck cop - cup not - nut robber - rubber5 ./u/與/?/u/雙唇收圓，小圓唇food moon blue true |/?/雙唇稍撅look took shook woul

7、d could should push pullfool - full Luke - look pool - pull |6 ./? /嘴角向兩邊拉開；上下齒高度為食指中指指尖疊加高度；舌頭下貼，向后收緊。英美發(fā)音不同：class math math class發(fā)音通常較長，特別是名詞和動詞apple angry man fat dance class dance classLos Angeles California random answer7 ./?/上下張口，口型呈橢圓形，像雞蛋，略撅嘴。英美發(fā)音不同call tall fall small always automobile Augu

8、st audience applaud saw law awfulHe paused in the hall to talk with Paul.The author talked to the small audience.We all thought you bought it at the mall.Its awful that he always breaks the law!He s exhausted because hes been walking all day long.8 ./o/滑動post moment go flow slow show road boat soapN

9、o, I don t.Dont go.so slow almost over9 ./?/?/ 一短，一長發(fā)音方式/?/+/r/her teacher grammar learn heard bird first girl work worry word nurse hurtwork early learn the words early bird perfect world10 .單詞重音重讀音節(jié)內(nèi)的元音要讀得重而長banana Canada biology photography句子中的重讀：確定重讀單詞，重讀音節(jié)內(nèi)的元音要讀得重而長I love my new job.I love it.I

10、 have to call him.You re really tall.Its hot.Lets go to the park.I got a job at the hospital.11 .單詞非重讀音節(jié)的弱化symb ol local record句子中的弱讀Lets meet at two o clock.I d like to talk to the pilot.Lets meet for breakfast.I d love to go for a walk.12 .輔音/p/b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ /f/v/ /9/e/ /s/z/?/ /r/ /h/ts/ /dz

11、/ /tr/ /dr/ /t / / /d7/m/ /n/ /? / /l/ /w/ /j/13 .發(fā)準(zhǔn)每一個(gè)音句子中單詞的 每個(gè)輔音都要發(fā)音到位。因此，我們在講英語時(shí)要注意自己的口型probably in general seven twelve數(shù)字練習(xí)：1-2014 .清輔音與濁輔音/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/f/v/ /0 / /e/ /s/z/7/tr/ /dr/ /t/d?/ /ts/ /dz/清輔音前的元音發(fā)音較短，濁輔音前的元音發(fā)音較長ice - eyes back - bag safe - save pick - piglock - log light - l

12、ied leaf - leave cup - cub15 ./ 0 / /e/舌尖位于兩齒間，輕觸上齒，氣流由舌尖和上齒間流出bath both math Thank you. Thursday thirsty anything healthyfather mother there this soothe16 ./l/尾音/l/：釋放舌頭，讓舌尖觸碰上齒后面并停留，氣流由舌頭兩側(cè)流，softer and longer ,要能聽出清晰的音call Bill school wall feel ill feel ill awful film awful film |little animal lit

13、tle animalI ll call you to tell you about the film.I feel terrible about the political scandal,I think I ll be able to handle it by myself.You ll do well at school.17 ./r/舌頭卷曲，不接觸口腔，向后面拉英式英語元音因素后的/r/通常不發(fā)出來hear learn teacher German Robert Parker first person computer picture over there park18 ./w/卷起嘴

14、唇，肺部有大量的氣流流出，聲帶振動wait welcome alwaysquick quiet question require quality liquid19./v/上齒輕觸上唇，濁輔音very votefive eleven sevenvillage visit vacation Novembervow - wowvet - wet vine - winevest - west20 ./s/ /z/has is wasbecausethese those please alwaysbooks bags boyslaughs feelsplays名詞復(fù)數(shù)及動詞第三人稱單數(shù)/s/ &/z/讀

15、法清輔音后讀/s/濁輔音或元音后讀/z/21 .停頓輔音與連續(xù)輔音停頓輔音爆破音 /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/連續(xù)輔音/s/ /z/ /f/v/ / 0 / /e/ /7 /? /音節(jié)后的/m/n/l/爆破音后接輔音時(shí)失去爆破爆破音在句尾時(shí)失去爆破不釋放的/t/:位于句尾，或后接可連讀外的輔音No, its not.I m not that hot.You re quite right.I can t do it.I want that blue hat.Robert, you might be right.Its not that different.What did yo

16、u eat last night?I can t wait for that flight.22 .當(dāng)/t/處于兩元音之間，聽起來像輕而快的/d/,彈跳/d/better city ability water little auto automatic metal dataYes,it is.I got up at eleven oclock.Do you want to get in or get out?I bought it at a computer store.What a nice day it is!23 .同一音節(jié)內(nèi)，當(dāng)/t/后面跟著/n/時(shí)發(fā)出en聲：發(fā)/t/時(shí)，把舌頭保持在

17、上齒齦，然后直接發(fā) /n/,讓氣流由鼻腔流出，發(fā)出 en聲written mountain certain curtainI am certain that s the tallest mountain.My cotton shirt has buttons.I have forgotten when the book was written.Martin was born in Great Britain.24 ./ ? /thinking working practising interesting thing/? /的連讀What are you thinking of?What are

18、 you talking about?bringing singing hanger25 ./tr/dr/短輕/t / / /d 7后接/r/Sandratry travel tradition introduce controldry drama drop drastic address hundred26 ./t / / /d?t+u=/t / /d+u=/d 7actually statue nature picturegraduate educate schedule individual連讀中的同化/t/ +/j/=/t / / Why can t you do it?/d/+/j/

19、=/d ? Did you do it?Would you like to see the schedule?Aren t you graduating in the spring?Cant you see the statue?Did you get a college education?27 .動詞過去式讀法動詞以/t/ /d/結(jié)尾，ed讀/id/waited needed painted completed attended counted invited動詞以除了 /t/的清輔音結(jié)尾，ed讀/t/stopped worked parked cooked passed laughed

20、pushed watched動詞以除了 /d/的濁輔音或元音結(jié)尾，ed讀/d/robbed loved realized used called played28 .節(jié)奏和語調(diào)重讀與弱讀構(gòu)成了節(jié)奏29 .音節(jié)重讀音節(jié)的概念重讀音節(jié)的元音發(fā)音更響亮更長(louder,longer and higher in pitch )seat science success audiovisual urbandecade colleague female Japan Iran locate donate detail parenthesis necessary ?i?s?金才i necessity30 .雙

21、音節(jié)詞讀音規(guī)則90%的名詞，前一個(gè)音節(jié)重讀office problem window paper building mother father60%-70%的動詞，后一個(gè)音節(jié)重讀apply agree create relax complain enjoy同一個(gè)單詞名詞和動詞的不同讀法record object progress insult conflict present insert recall31 .“ate”組合的單詞動詞讀/et名詞或形容詞讀?graduate estimate articulate動詞/et/negotiate abbreviate calculate nomi

22、nate donate形容詞或名詞 /?t/delicate chocolate accurate affectionate intimate32 .后綴的重讀規(guī)則-ese重讀后綴Chinese Japanese Portuguese-eer重讀后綴pioneer volunteer engineer-ique重讀后綴antique boutique critique technique-ic重讀后綴前的音節(jié)realistic elastic electric strategic optimistic terrific pacific從名詞到形容重讀的變化origin - original i

23、ndustry - industrial memory - memorial finance - financialpresident - presidential33 .非重讀音節(jié)：輕而短madam problem symptom albumo clock doctor photographyatom Adam讀音相同的不同單詞lesson - lessen profit - prophet seller - cellarcaller - collar 兩讀音不同economy memory control contain develop Europe information commerc

24、ial 34 .句子中單詞重讀的依據(jù)重讀單詞的重讀音節(jié)要louder,longer and higher in pitch實(shí)詞重讀，虛詞（功能詞）弱讀I will be driving to the market to buy something to eat.I will be driving to the market to buy something to eat.實(shí)詞+實(shí)詞后一詞通常重讀I got a new job.Do me a favor.See you later.Lets go for a walk.Did you do your homework?謂語+賓語賓語為代詞，謂語

25、要重讀Did you get it?Did you get the job?Did you see it?Did you see the film?Who stole it?Who stole my money?Who stole the money from me?I was washing the dishes for her.He s fixing the car for them.第32頁共31頁I just got a new job.I am so excited about it. I couldnt find one for a long time.I m working at

26、 the store. Im selling women s shoes.I started working there last week.On the first day, I was really nervous.There was so much to learn.35.長句子朗讀根據(jù)語速，劃分信息單位（意群，虛擬分組）；確定信息單位中的焦點(diǎn)詞（關(guān)鍵詞），焦點(diǎn)詞通常在信息單位的后面部分;停頓多數(shù)發(fā)生在信息單位間，和出現(xiàn)焦點(diǎn)詞的時(shí)候I was driving to the market to get something to eat,because I was very hungry.I

27、 was watching a movie with my friends when suddenly it started to rain.I was watching a movie with my friends when suddenly it started to rain.I was so tired that I couldnt wait to get home.I was so tired that I couldnt wait to get home.If I forget to pay my bill, please remind me about it.He wants

28、to know if you need anything from the supermarket.Did you know it was snowing in all parts of the East CoastWhen we climbed to the top of the mountain we could see the ocean.When we climbed to the top of the mountain we could see the ocean.36.形容詞+名詞：重讀名詞Its a hot day.You did a good job.I have blond

29、hair.I m wearing a black jacket.I m wearing a black blouse and a black jacket.I have brown eyes.I had a nice job.I have an older brother.I went to a party and I had a good time.That was fast.That was a fast flight.I have five.I have five dollars.Its old.Its an older film.He s younger.He s my younger

30、 brother. （younger ：作形容詞時(shí)，與作比較級時(shí)的讀法不同）That was great.I had a great time.I have an older brother and a younger sister.She has brown hair and blue eyes.That old lady has a little dog.My new car has four doors.I read a good book during the long flight.雙形容詞+名詞：重讀前一形容詞和名詞big black dogangry old manlong ho

31、t shower現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，與動名詞不同。現(xiàn)在分詞不重讀，動名詞則須重讀，如:a sleeping child 現(xiàn)在分詞不重讀a sleeping car動名詞須重讀如何區(qū)分現(xiàn)在分詞與動名詞：現(xiàn)在分詞表示其所修飾的名詞的動作，也可以說現(xiàn)在分詞與其所修飾的名詞在邏輯上具有主謂關(guān)系。動名詞則表示其所修飾的名詞的性質(zhì)或用途，二者在邏輯上無主謂關(guān)系。以以上兩個(gè)短語為例，現(xiàn)在分詞sleeping即表示其所修飾的名詞child的動作，在邏輯上，child是主語,sleeping是謂語。動名詞sleeping則表示其所修飾的名詞 car的用途，二者在邏輯上沒有主謂關(guān)系。37 .名詞短語和復(fù)合名詞的重讀：

32、重讀前一單詞eyelid eyebrow forehead earringwindow framecar keys chewing gumhair style hair color hair brush hair salon book shelf washing machine laptop driver s license credit card cellphonePlease give me your phone number with the area code first.My house has three bedrooms and two bathrooms.I got a hea

33、dache from the loud rock music.The police officer was on a motorcycle.After their wedding day they went on their honeymoon.Dont put the newspaper in the trashcan.I bought a birthday present for my roommate.38 .動詞短語（動詞+副詞）的重讀規(guī)則：重讀副詞注意辨別 動詞+副詞 與 不及物動詞+介賓 兩種情況。前者副詞為實(shí)詞，修飾動詞，須重讀，如：Put on your coat.；后者介詞為

34、虛詞，不重讀，如： I】1100k after him.1 .在“動詞+副詞”短語中，若賓語是名詞時(shí)，則該名詞既可放在動詞與副詞之間，也可放在副詞之后；若 賓語是代詞時(shí)，則該代詞只可放在動詞與副詞之間，不可放在副詞之后。Its time for breakfast. Wake the boy upIts time for breakfast. Wake up the boy.Its time for breakfast. Wake him up.2 .在“動詞+介詞”短語中，其賓語無論是名詞還是代詞，都須放在介詞后面。不及物動詞加上介詞后，才能構(gòu)成一個(gè)相當(dāng)于及物動詞的短語Listen to m

35、e.Look at the blackboard.如何判斷動詞后面的小品詞是副詞還是介詞呢？1.介詞后面必須跟名詞或代詞作賓語。Look after the baby.Send for a doctor.副詞后面可以帶賓語，此時(shí)副詞之前的動詞一定是及物動詞。Put on the coat或 Put the coat on.副詞后面也可以不帶賓語，此時(shí)副詞前的動詞一定是不及物動詞。In spring the flowers start to come out.2 .“動詞+副詞”短語中的副詞對動詞起修飾、補(bǔ)充作用，而“動詞+介詞”短語中的介詞則不起這個(gè)作用。3 .“動詞+ 副詞”短語中的副詞與動

36、詞的賓語存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。而“動詞+介詞”短語中則不存在這種關(guān)系。如：1) The lift takes him down賓語him與副詞down存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。2) Go down the road, youll find the hospitaL賓語 the road 與介詞 down 不存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。簡單來說，副詞是實(shí)詞，可以用來修飾動詞，形容詞，其他副詞和句子。動副詞組后面能否接名詞取決于動詞的詞性。 如果前面是不及物動詞，則后面不接名詞，如speak aloud如果前面是及物動詞，則后面必須接名詞做該動詞的賓語，該名詞可以放于副詞之前也可以放于副詞之后，一般來說

37、，比較長的名詞詞組多置于副詞之后，但是代詞則必須置于動詞之后副詞之前，如put on your coat = put it 0n這里on作為副詞對動詞put的方位進(jìn)行修飾限制。介詞是虛詞，又稱前置詞，用法如其名，后面必須接名詞或可以代替名詞的詞(如代詞、動名詞或名詞性從句等)做該介詞的賓語。動介詞組后面必須接一個(gè)名詞，與動詞無關(guān)。如果前面是不及物動詞，則構(gòu)成動+介+名結(jié)構(gòu)，如laugh at the boy。如果前面是及物動詞，貝1J是動+名+介+名結(jié)構(gòu)，如 put the book on the desk可以看出來，詞組最后面的名詞與前面的動詞無直接關(guān)系，是介詞 at和on所指向的目標(biāo)。I

38、found out about it.Can you look it over for me?I ll think it over and I l call you back.I can t figure out why it broke down.When he grew up he moved out.break up - breakup動詞短語化的名詞讀法：重讀前一音節(jié)work out - workout make up - makeup check up - checkupturn off - turnoff print out - printoutI wanna work out.I

39、 had a great workout.I d like to buy some new makeup.I went to a doctor to get a medical checkup.They decided to break up.It was a very painful breakup.That s a real turn-off.I would like to print out the information.Please give me the printout39 .人名和地名重讀兩個(gè)音節(jié)一一重讀最后一個(gè)South America United KingdomLos A

40、ngeles /l ?s? nd ?l?s/ Las Vegas /l asvei g?s/ Mexico City South AfricaCentral ParkGeorge Washington Barack Obama b ar? k Julia Roberts Brad Pitt Tom Cruise兩個(gè)音節(jié)一一重讀最后一個(gè)Martin Luther King John Fitzgerald KennedyJohn Wilson and Bob Jones went to South America.Central Park is in New York.His father lik

41、es Bob Dylan, but his grandfather likes Frank Sinatra.Barack Obama was elected president of the United States.Is that Julia Roberts or Nicole Kidman?40 .縮寫詞和數(shù)字重讀縮寫詞：重讀后一字母，是一個(gè)整體，注意連讀現(xiàn)象CNN UCLA PhD ASAP PC HTML DVD CD IQParker: PAR - KER數(shù)詞：重讀后一數(shù)詞thirty seven ninety nine fifty eight eight hundred twel

42、vearea code 310-555 8239An important day in American history is July fourth, seventeen, seventy six.He was born in nineteen eighty seven.I went to work at 9:15 and came home at 5:45.Flight 507 left LAX at 7:25.This CD costs $19.99.He was born in LA in 1987.When they got married, he was 31 and she wa

43、s 29.41 .特殊重讀：特別強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)的重讀This is the best ice cream Ive ever had. 正常重讀This is the best ice cream Ive ever had.This is the biggest dog Ive ever seen.在日常交談中通常不需要用到特殊重讀I love your new car.You don t smoke, do you?I used to smoke.I dont smoke now but I used to smoke.You will not go there tomorrow night, rig

44、ht?I will go.Do you speak French? Or German?I speak French and German.Mary made a cake for my birthday.42 .聲調(diào)陳述句、祈使句、特殊疑問句通常降調(diào)一般疑問句通常降調(diào)All right. All right?Hello? Who is calling?Hello. Nice to meet you.I like it.Have a nice day.My name is Bob.Its cold outside.I m tired.I m hungry because I havent ea

45、ten all day.I feel good.Today is Monday.I m gonna go to work soon.How are you?How old are you?Where do you live?What do you do?Where were you born?How did you do that?Are you hungry?Did you eat?Did he go?Did you like it?Did you call me?Are you angry at me?Why are you angry at me?Is it hot in there?W

46、hy is it so hot in there?Did you get there late?Why did you get there late?Have you been to New York?How many times have you been to New York?Did it start?What time did it start?43 .句子里聲調(diào)變化列舉多個(gè)物品或動作的句子中：前幾個(gè)名詞升調(diào)或降升調(diào)，最后的名詞或動作降調(diào)I bought chicken, fish, apples, and sugar at the supermarket.I woke up, ate

47、 breakfast and went to work.I like to run, to play tennis and to swim.I have milk , water, butter and eggs.We have coke, water, lemonade , ice cream and iced tea in the fridge.句子中，前半句升調(diào)或降升調(diào)表未完成I think it s gonna rain, but I m not sure.I d love to eat that, but I m on a diet.If you give me your numbe

48、r, Ill call you.引導(dǎo)短語，使用升調(diào)或降升調(diào)on the other hand however in my opinionOn the other hand, maybe I ll go.On the other hand, I ll take the blue one.If you ask me, I think you did a good job.If I were you, I would talk to him.選擇疑問句，前者升調(diào)，后者降調(diào)Should I call you or send you an email?Do you like chicken or bee

49、f?Does he have green eyes, or blue eyes?Is he a young man or an old man?Are you married or single?They have four children ages seven, nine, eleven and fourteen.I went to the gym, came home and called my friend.As far as I know, I m not allergic to anything.According to the weather report, it s going

50、 to rain.44 .高級技巧：連讀，省讀，正式場合與非正式場合口語45 .輔音+元音連讀：自然流暢的語流連讀時(shí)注意：連讀不不是讀的快連讀遵從弱讀、重讀原則信息單位間不連讀in an instantJohn is a friend of mine.I m an actor.build up come over call up for a while where is what ifHold on a minute.Give me a cup of coffee.Just a momentIts all Il need for a while.Where is his uncle?Does

51、everybody here work out?Can I think it over?Why did Adam bring it up again?46 .輔音間的連讀相同輔音連讀：只讀后一輔音。可稍微延長后一輔音，但不要停頓Bill likes swimming.I m gonna stop practising.I ll see you next time.I wish she would call me.I had a bad day yesterday.There are nine nails left.His name is Bob BarkerI love vegetables.

52、Everything is going great.I used to smoke./juzd/)(注意：used to詞組中used的讀音為/just/;表示“用過的時(shí)讀音為相同發(fā)音點(diǎn)的輔音相連：只讀后一輔音。相同發(fā)音點(diǎn)輔音組：/p/ /b/ /m/t/ /d/n/l/k/ /g/?/f/v/ /0 / /e/ /s/z/7/tr/ /dr/ /t/d7 /ts/ /dz/I have five friends.I have a big kitchen.Its supposed to be a good movie.I need to go.注意：爆破音的失爆現(xiàn)象I wish she wou

53、ld talk to me.Did that man know about the situation?I could drive you there right now.He always seems so happy.I used to work crazy hours but these days I ve slowed down.47 .元音間的連讀：輕連讀扁唇 i音:/i/?/e/a?/?see it very interesting carry on we all may I enjoy it boy is圓唇 u 音：/u/ /o/ /a ?/who is two hours b

54、lue ocean do all no answergo awayI dont do it very often.Why is she so afraid of it?I can see inside the open window.This is the only one I know about.Did you see any other ones?48 .介詞輕讀注意：輕讀不是讀的急as /?z/ on /?n/ at /?t/ to /t?/ for /f?r/our / ?r/ and /n/as long as you wantas soon as possibleas far as I knowas good as I getI ll see you on Monday.I ll call you on Tuesday.Put it on the desk.Please come on time.I m at home.I m at school.I ll meet you at five.or / ?r/I ll call you at six.I d like to go to the store.I m