1、十大詞性、句子成分分析、五大基本句型及句子類型講解與練習(xí)可數(shù)名詞 個(gè)體名詞 集體名詞不可數(shù)名詞 普通名詞 物質(zhì)名詞1.名詞抽象名詞 專有名詞 功能：表示人或事物的名稱 人稱代詞： 主格 賓格 （注意it 的用法） 物主代詞： 形容詞性物主代詞 名詞性物主代詞 指示代詞：this, that, these, those 單數(shù)：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself反身代詞： 復(fù)數(shù)：ourselves, yourselves, themselves2.代詞疑問代詞：who, whom, whose, what, which.簡(jiǎn)單不定代

2、詞：One/ones,Either/neither, both/all, each/ everyanother, other, the other, others, the others復(fù)合不定代詞： somebody, anybody, nobody不定代詞 someone, anyone, no onesomething, anything, nothingeverybody, everyone, everything 功能：用來代替名詞、形容詞或數(shù)詞等3.數(shù)詞： 基數(shù)詞 序數(shù)詞 功能：表數(shù)量或順序4.冠詞： 定冠詞 不定冠詞 零冠詞/功能：用在名詞前，幫助說明名詞所指的人或事物 表地點(diǎn)：

3、at/ in/ on/ to, above/ over/ on, below/ under/ underneath. 表時(shí)間： in/ on/ at, in/ after, from/since from, after/ behind, 5.介詞： 表運(yùn)動(dòng)： across/ through/ over/ pass表方位：. 其他 功能：用在名詞、代詞等前面，說明句子中詞與詞之間的關(guān)系 6 形容詞： 平級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí) 功能：用來修飾名詞，表示人或事物的特性、性質(zhì) 7. 副詞：平級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí) 功能：用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或其他副詞，表示動(dòng)作或形狀的特性 并列連詞：and/ both/ or

4、/ not onlybut also, but/however/ yet/ still/ while 8. 連詞： 從屬連詞: if/ unless, because/as/ since, although/though 功能：用來連接詞、短語或句子 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 （vi./vt.） 系動(dòng)詞 助動(dòng)詞 9. 動(dòng)詞： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 不定式（to do） 非謂語動(dòng)詞 分詞: 現(xiàn)在分詞（-ing）和 過去分詞（-ed） 動(dòng)名詞（-ing） 功能：表示人或事物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) 10. 感嘆詞：oh ah well 功能：表示說話時(shí)的感情或口氣1. 句子成分摸底測(cè)試：（1） 指出下列句子劃線部分是句子的什么成分？1)

5、 The students got on the school bus.2) He handed me the newspaper.3) I shall answer your questions after class.4) What a beautiful Chinese painting!5) They went hunting together early in the morning.（2） 判斷下列句子是簡(jiǎn)單句并列句還是復(fù)合句？1) We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2) The boy who offered m

6、e his seat is called Tom.3) There is a chair in this room, isnt there?4) My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning.5) He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.句子成分的排序口訣：主在前，謂中間，賓語狀語排后面。短語定語主賓后，形、代定語主賓前。間接賓語若在后，直、間要用 to, for 連。賓補(bǔ)謂語賓語后，地狀常在時(shí)狀前。三課堂作業(yè)：句子成分劃分及句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析(一)1： A mere hund

7、red species (物種) are the basis of our food supply，of which but twenty carry the load. Wilson suggests changing this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of，which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.

8、(2008全國(guó)卷一E篇)2： This process is also found among scholars and authors： a statement of opinion by one writer may be restated by another，who may in turn be quoted by yet another；and this process may continue，unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinio

9、n or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.(2008天津D篇)四： 課后作業(yè)：句子成分練習(xí)題指出下列句子中劃線部分的句子成分：1.Whether well go depend on the weather. ( )2. Peoples standards of living are going up steadily. ( )3. That was how they were defeated. ( )4.The nursery takes good care of our children. ( )5.Il

10、l return the book to you tomorrow. ( )6.We are sure that we shall succeed. ( )7.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other. ( )8.There are many filmsthat Id like to see. ( )9.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking? ( )10.I have a lot of work to do. ( )11. Anyway I wont stop you from

11、doing it. ( )12. I said it in fun. ( )13. We can send a car over to fetch you. ( )14. She had to work standing up. ( )15. Seeing this,some comrades became very worried. ( )16. Much interested, he agreed to give it a try. ( )17. The bus arrived ten minutes late. ( )18. We should serve the people hear

12、t and soul. ( )19. Spring coming on, the tree turned green. ( )20. Some farmers saw something strange in the sky. ( )21. We think it necessary that everyone should attend the meeting. ( )22. Its strange that she doesnt come today. ( )23. It was in the library that I come today. ( )24. He likes drawi

13、ng at times when he isnt working. ( )25. We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door. ( )（二）語法填空The Internet is an amazing information resource. Students, teachers, and researchers use it as _31_ investigativetool. Journalists use it to find information for stories. Doctors use it to lea

14、rn more about unfamiliar diseases and the _32_ (late) medical development. Ordinary people use it for shopping, banking, bill-paying, and communicating with family and friends. People all over the world use it to connect with individuals from _33 countries and cultures. However, _34_t

15、here are many positive developments _35_ (associate) with the Internet, there are also certain fears and concerns. _36_ concern relates to a lack of control over_37_ appears on the Internet. With television and radio there are editors to check the accuracy or appropriateness of the content of programs, a