1、定語從句專練定義：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.主句： The man is a policeman.從句： who is shaking hands with my father.用來修飾先行詞 the man關系詞who在定語從句中作主語The film which they went to see last night was not interesting at all.主句： The film was not interesting

2、at all.從句：which they went to see last night用來修飾先行詞 the film關系詞which在定語從句中作賓語The reason why he failed the examination is that he had not made any preparation for it.主句： The reason is that he had not made any preparation for it.從句： why he failed the examination 用來修飾先行詞 the reason關系詞why在定語從句中作原因狀語關系代詞w

3、ho代表人，在從句中作主語，不能省略whom代表人，在從句中作賓語，可以省略which代表物，作從句的主語、賓語或介詞賓語，引導限制住或非 限制性定語從句，作限制性定語從句賓語時可省略that代表人或物，作從句的主語或賓語， 只引導限制性定語從句， 作賓語時可省略whose代表人或物，在從句中作定語，不能省略as代表人或物，在從句中作主語、 賓語和表語，常與same,such 搭配，不能省略關系副詞when先行詞是表示時間的詞where先行詞是表示地點的詞why先行詞是 reason1. The book is now out of stock.A. which he bought it la

4、st weekB. which he bought last weekC. which bought last weekD. he had bought2. The policeman was talking to the driver.A. who broke the speed limitB. which broke the speed limitC. whose speed limit brokeD. why broke the speed limit3. I think the day will finally come air pollution can be put under c

5、ontrol.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. as4.The crime raterises in cities the unemploymentrateincreasesA. which5.The goal B. whoseC. whereD.he had fought all his life no longer seemedthat importantto him.A. after whichB. for whichC. at whichD. with which6.This is the reason the electronic computer can not e

6、ntirely replace man.A. howB. thatC. becauseD. why7 .That is such a heavy stone nobody can lift.A. thatB. asC. whichD. what8 . This is the shipwe crossed the Pacific.A. by whichB. by thatC. whereD. in which9 . My hometown is no longer the sameit used to be.A. whichB. asC. whereD. when10 .This is the

7、storewe visited the famous shop assistant.A. whereB. thereC. thatD. which11. The boy composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group.A. whoB. whoseC. thatD. which12. The temple we visited last week is the one the famous chemist was born.A. /,whereB. which, thatC. where, whereD. where, t

8、hat112 BACCB DBDBA BA分類：限定性定語從句與非限定性定語從句限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句形式上不用逗號；”與主句隔開。用逗號；”與主句隔開。意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語，如刪除， 主句則失去意義或意思表達不完 整。只是對先行詞的補充說明，如刪除，主 句仍能表達完整的意思。譯法上譯成先行詞的定語：.的”通常譯成主句的并列句。關系詞的使 用上A .作賓語時可省略B.可用thatC,可用 who 代替 whomA.不可省略B.不用thatC. /、可用 who代替 whom非限制性定語從句1. His mother, who loves him very much, is st

9、rict with him.主句: His mother is strict with him從句： who loves him very much用來修飾先行詞 his mother關系詞who在定語從句中作主語注意：定語從句與主句用逗號隔開，去掉定從不影響句意；翻譯為：他媽媽很愛他，對他要求嚴格。2. China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful3. Last summer I visited the People 's Great Hall, in which many important

10、 meetings are heldevery year.in which 指代in the hall,在從句中作地點犬語,注意： in 一定不可少。1.Some of the roads were flooded,made our journey more difficult.A. whichB. thatC. itD. as2 .Professor Smith, is a computer professor from America, is now teaching in our university.A. asB. whomC. whoD. which3 .Tom didn '

11、 t go to the party,is a pity,A. asB. whichC. thatD. it4 .They have made another wonderful discovery,of great importance to science.A. which I think isB. of which I think isC. I think which isD. Which I think is1 4 ACBA特別注意！（ 1）先行詞有下列情況或附有下列修飾語時，通常關系代詞that1）先行詞是 all, no none, everyone, everything, an

12、ything, something, much, little 等不定代 詞修飾時；2）先行詞前有序數詞，形容詞最高級，以及 all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the last, the same, the only 等詞修飾時.3）如果先行詞中既含有表示人的名詞又有表示物的名詞時4）若主句中有疑問代詞 who, which為了避免重復，關系代詞不要再用who, which.2 .This is all I know about the matter.A. thatB. whatC. whoD. whether3 . Is there any t

13、hing else you require?A. whichB. thatC. whoD.what4 .The last place we visited was the Great Wall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it5 .He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom6 . There is no dictionary you can find everything.A. thatB. whichC. where

14、D. in that7 .This is one of the best books.A. that have ever been writtenB. that has writtenC. that has ever been writtenD. that have written8 . He wrote a letter to me, telling me everything he saw on the way to the ParisA. whatB. thatC. whichD. where9 . Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?A. th

15、atB./9. Is there anything to you?A. that is belongedB. that belongs10. The scientist and his achievements A. whichB. thatC. whichD.itC. which belongsD.that belongyou told me about are admired by us all.C. whoD.whose11. Which of the books were borrowed from him is the best?A. whichB. whatC. thatD. wh

16、ose111 ABBBC ABABB C特別注意！（2）? as ,which均可以引出非限制性定語從句，如都指前一句話的意思，二者可 以互換.? as引導的從句可以放在句首，as本身有 正如.正象” .一類的含義. 與之連用的詞有 know, see, expect, announce, point out等.記住以下結 構：? as is well known ? as has been said before ? as was expected ? as we all can see ? as may be imagined? as has been already pointed ou

17、t? 在the same as，such as，so 韋sas引導的是限制性定語從句.1.was natural,he married Jenny.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.Such signs we use in the experiment Greek letters.A.as ,areB.as,isC.that,areD.that,is3.I passed him a large glass of whisky,he drank immediately .A.thatB.asC.whichD.who4.She is very good at dance,every

18、body knows.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as5.It was raining,was a pity. A.what B.thatC.the which D.which6.has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As7.We do the same workthey do.A.whichB.asC.thanD.like8.The earth is round,_we all know.A.thatB.whichC.whoD. as18 DACDD DBD特別注意！（3）

19、介詞十關系代詞引導的定語從句，關鍵是判斷介詞的選擇（介詞只與which和whom 連用，which 表示物，whom表示人）。方法一：部分介詞選擇取決于定語從句中的動詞，看從句謂語部分缺少什么介詞（動詞的固定搭配）方法二：部分介詞取決于被定語從句修飾的先行詞，將先行詞帶入從句，看選 則哪個介詞方法三：可以通過整個句子整體含義來判斷，將先行詞帶入從句中（結合生活實際）將介詞+先行詞”帶入定語從句1.Do you know who lives in the building there is a well?A. in front of itB. in front of whoseC. in fro

20、nt of whichD. in front which1 .I ' ll never forget the day I joined the League.A. on whichB. in whichC. whichD. at which3 .The woman my brother spoke just now is my teacher.A. whoB.to whomC.to whoDwhom4 .Jeanne was her old friend,she borrowed a necklace.A. from whoB. from whomC.to thatD.to whom5

21、 .His glasses,he was like a blind man,fell to theground and brokeits leg.A. whichB.with whichC.without whichD. that6 . She is a teacher of much knowledge,much can be learned.A. whoB. thatC. from which D. from whom7 . He built a telescope he could study the skies.A. in whichB. with thatC. through whi

22、chD. by it8 . Do you know the reason he was late?A. thatB. whichC. for whatD. for which9 . I have bought two ball -pens,writes well.D.neither of themA. none of which B. neither of whichC. none of them10 . The Second World War millions of peoplewere killed broke out in1941.A. during which B. in thatC

23、. whereD. on which11 .China has many rivers,the Changjiang River is the longest.A. whichB. in whichC.among which D. one of which12 .This is the very knife I used to cut apples yesterday.A.thatB.by whichC.whichD.with which112 CABBC DCDBA CD 介詞填空： 13.The speed which you drive your car mustn too hi ght

24、14.In the park there are many flowers,the colour which is bright and nice.15.The little girl is reading a book,which there are many pictures. 16.What were the things which he was not too sure?17.They held a meeting,which the hospital director made a speech. 18.The book,which he paid 6 yuan,is worth

25、reading. 19.Is this the man whose house the police found the lost coloured TV?20 .The villagers dug along tunnel which they could go to the fieldswithout being found by the Japanese soldiers.21 .Wu Dong,whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.22 .The stories about Long March,which this is o

26、ne example,are well written.13. at 14.of 15 in 16. about 17. at 18. for 19. in 20 through 21. with22 of特例！極少數定語從句中出現了介詞+關系副詞from +where1 .China is the birthplace of kites,kite flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.A. from thatB. from here C. from there D. from where2 .They stood at the w

27、indow,they could see_was happening in the street.A. where; allB. which; allC. from where; whatD. from which; that特別注意！（4）?先行詞是表示時間的詞或短語，關系詞不一定都是when,還是要分析它在從句中擔當的語法成分?先行詞是表示地點的詞或短語，關系詞不一定都是where或介詞+which,還是要分析它在從句中擔當的語法成分?先行詞是reason,關系詞不一定都用why?先行詞是time,前面如有序數詞或last修飾，關系詞用that （可省略）； 但若前面無序數詞或last,關

28、系詞既可用that,也可用when? 先行詞為the way,表途徑、方式時，關系詞that（that可省略），in which 皆可1. The manager had to go to Beijing on June 23,happened to be his only son' s birthday.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. while將先行詞 “June23” 帶入定語從旬： June 23 happened to be his only son' s birthday.可知關系詞所指代的先行詞在句中作主語。2. The wolves hid t

29、hemselves in the places couldn ' t be found.A. thatB. where C. in whichD. in thatThe places couldn ' t be foln知關系詞所指代的先行詞在句中作主語。3. This is the reason he has always been eager to know for these years.A. whichB. whyC. for whichD. becauseHe has always been eager to know the reason for these yea

30、rs.可知關系詞所指 代的先行詞4句中作know的賓語。4. I don ' t like the way you speak to her.A. /B. thatC. in whichD. all A, B and C5. This is the last time I shall give you a lesson.A. whichB. thatC. on whichD. when15 BAADB特別注意！（ 5）在實踐中會遇到很多形似定語從句的句子，要注意定語從句與其它從句的結構 上的細微差別，能夠正確區分使用它們.Compare:（ 1） There are two boys

31、in Peter's ， both of whom are white （ 2） There are two boys in Peter's ， and both of them are white 析：句（ 1）是含有定語從句的復合句。句（2）因為有并列連詞and 所以是并列句。（ 1） This kind of plant grows best at the placeswhere it iswarm and wet （ 2） This kind of plant grows best where it is warm and wet析：句（1）是由關系副詞 where引導

32、的定語從句，修飾先行詞places,這時的 where 也可以由 at which 代替。句（2）是由連接副詞where 引導的地點狀語從句，這時的 where 不可以由介詞 which 代替。（ 1） Here is such a heavy stone as I can't move （ 2） Here is such a heavy stone that I can't move it 析：句（1）是定語從八，先行詞前有such修飾時用as引導，as在定語從句中作 move 的賓語。句（2）是such that 引導的結果狀語從句。（ 1） As is known to

33、us all ， the light on the earth is given by the sun （ 2） It is known to us all that the light on the earth is given by the sun 析：句（1）是由as 引導的非限制性定語從句，這時的定語從句的位置很靈活，可以位于句首，句末或插在句中。 as 代替整個主句，在定語從句中充當主語。句（ 2）是含有主語從句的復合句， it 作形式主語，真正的主語是 that 引導的從句。（ 1） The news that he told me is true （ 2） The news th

34、at he will come back from the U.S is true 析：句（ 1）是 that 引導的定語從句， that 在定語從句中作 told 的直接賓語。也可以由 which 代替。句（2）是that 引導的同位語從句， that 在同位語從句中不作任何成分，只起連結作用，但一般不能省略，也不能用 which 代替。1A.Is this the factoryyou visited last year?B.Is this factoryyou visited last year?a.thatb.wherec.in which d.the one2.A.Mr Smith

35、is one of those foreigners whoworking in China.B.Mr. Smith is the only one of those foreigners whoworking in China.a.isb.hasc.haved.are3 .A.Don t discuss questions suchthose.B.Let s discuss only the questionsw_e are interested in.a.which b.thatc.asd.about which4 . A. AllI need is a good rest.8. I ne

36、ed is a good rest.a. What b. All what c. thatd.Which5 .A.Pisa is a city, _ has a leaning tower.B.Pisa is a city,there is a leaning tower.a.which b.thatc.whered.there6 .A.This is the placewe visited last year.B.This the placewe worked last year.a.which b.where c. in thatd.there7 . A.The news he told

37、us was very exciting.B.He has brought us the news our teamhas won the game.a.what b.asc.thatd.where8 . A. It is in a box I have hidden my money.B. We' ll go we are needed.a.thatb.in which c.where d.in it1. a d 2. d a 3. c b 4. c a 5. a c 6. a b 7. c c 8. a c熱點分析"熱點"之一:that和which引導的定語從句

38、的區別 典型考題：1. The weather turned out to be very good,was more than we could expect.A. what B. which C. that D. if2. All is needed is a supply of oil.A. the thing B. that C. whatD. which分析:1-2 BB在非限制性定語從句中通常只能用which不能用that.如題1.在下列幾種情況下通常用that不用 which:1）先行詞為不定代詞anything, everything, all, nothing等時.如題2.2

39、）先行詞前有形容詞最高級、序數詞修飾時.3） 先行詞被no, the only, very等修飾時.4）先行詞既有人又有物時."熱點”之二:定語從句中的"隔離"現象 典型考題：1. The film brought the hours back to me I was taken good care of inthat faraway village.A. untilB. thatC. whereD. whenof2. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, course, made

40、the others unhappy.A. who B. whichC. thisD. what分析:1-2 DB因定語從句過長，為使句子保持平衡，常將定語從句和其所修飾的 詞分開.如題1,when引導的定語從句和先行詞the hours分開.在定語從句中使 用"插入語"以增加語言的靈活性.如題2中的"of course"為插入語."熱點"之三:as和which引導的定語從句的區別典型考題：1. is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth once every mont

41、h.A. ThatB. ItC. WhichD. As2. The result of the experiment was very good, we hadn't expected.A. whenB. that C. whichD. what3.is mentioned above the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It4. Those houses are sold at such a low price people expected.A.

42、 likeB. asC. thatD. which分析:1-4 DCBB在as, which引導的非限制性定語從句中，as和which可代替整 個主句,相當于and this 或 and that.as 引導的定語從句可放在主句之前、之后或插在句中M which引導的定語從句通常只能放在主句后面.如題1,as引導的定語 從何置于旬首.as引導定語從何有"正如"、"就像"之意，具有描述性的特點，而 which沒有，如題2和題3.在固定結構"such/as /soas", "the same. as"中，用 as 而不

43、用 which, 如題 4." 熱點 " 之四 : 定語從句與其近似句型典型考題 :1. It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from orwhat you are.A. oneB. thatC. whatD. it2. You should make it a rule to leave things you can find them again.A. when B. where C. themD. there3. She thought I was talking about her d

44、aughter, in fact, I was talkingabout my daughter.A. whom B. where C. while D. which4. Go and get your coat. It's you left it.A. there B. where C. there where D. where there分析 :1-4 BBCB 在高考題和平時的練習中有一些句子像是定語從句而實際上是其他句型.如題1 為強調句 ,that 在此處不是關系代詞,而是強調句中的連詞.題 2為狀語從句 ,where 為連接副詞而非關系副詞.題3 為并列句 ,while 表

45、示 " 而,卻".題 4 為表語從句 ,where 在此是連接副詞 .1. (2001) The film brought the hours back to meI was taken good careof in that far-away village.A. untilB. thatC. whenD. where選C.首先選項后的從句是修飾the hours,可以確定是定語從句，the hours在從句中作時間狀語。 本題意為這個電影將我帶回到我在遙遠的村莊受到精心照顧的歲月。2. (2001) is known to everybody, the moon tra

46、vels round the earth onceevery month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What選 B. 從句子結構分析，逗號提示我們前一句必須是從句，必須有引導詞，排除A 項，進一步分析是定語從句而不是主語從句，在定語從句中 that 不能指整個句子，故選 B. 此題關鍵要先從句子結構入手，再判斷是什么從句。3. (1994) The weather turned out to be very good, was more than wecould expect.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. it選B.定語從句一般是修飾名詞或代詞的，但有時也可修

47、飾前面整個句子或前面句子的一部分。 該句空白處應填關系代詞 which ，在定語從句中作主語，從句修飾主句整個句子，故選 B.4. (1996) After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town, he grew up as a child.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. when選 B 。根據句意判斷空白處后的分句為定語從句，空白處應選關系副詞 where, where 在從句中作地點狀語，來修飾地點名詞 town.5. (1998) He made another wonderful

48、discovery, of great importanceto science.A. which I think isB. which I think it isC. which I think itD. I think which is選 A. 根據該句句意判斷出， 逗號之后部分為定語從句。 I think 在句中作插入語，which 在從句中作主語，故選 A 。6. (1999) T drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that thereason you had a few days off?A. whyB.whenC. wha

49、tD.where選 A ， 語境為上一周我開車去珠海參加航空展了，故該句為下句請假的原因，所以空白處應填why.7. (1992) In the dark street, there wasn t a single person she could turn forhelp.A. thatB. who C. from whomD. to whom選 D, 此題考查定語從句中介詞與關系代詞搭配的用法， 判斷關系代詞前是否要加介詞要看關系代詞在從句中是否作介詞的賓語。 本題從句中的動詞 turn to 與先行詞 person 有搭配關系。即： turn to sb. for help ( 向某人尋

50、求幫助)，題干中缺少介詞 to.8. (1997 上海 ) All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those in the forest.A. once they grewB. they grew onceC. that once grewD. once grew選 C. 關系代詞 that 指代先行詞 those(flowers) 并在從句中作主語。9. (1999) Carol said the work would be done by October, personally Idoubt very much.A.

51、itB. thatC. whenD. which選 D. 此句中非限制性定語從句關系代詞所指代的是前面整個句子，而不是October, 故選 D.10. (1993上海 ) I don t like you speakhteor.A. the wayB. the way in thatC. the way whichD. the way of which選 A. 當 the way 作先行詞時，其后的關系詞可用 that, 或 in which, 也可省略。11. (1990) He Paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of hadnb

52、een cleaned.A. theseB. thoseC. thatD. which選 D. 該題先行詞為 windows, 介詞后接物的關系代詞用 which, 不用 that, A, B兩項為指示代詞，不能引導定語從句。12. （1994上海 ） I shall never forget those years I lived in the country withthe farmers, has a great effect on my life.A. that; whichB. when; which C. which; thatD. when; who選B.首空填when, whe

53、n在從句中作狀語（=in which）,第二空填 which, which在此指代前面整個句子。全句意為： “不忘我在鄉下和農民們一起度過的那些歲月，這對我一生影響極大。 ”13. （1995 上海） In the office I never seem to have time until 5:30 p.m., many people have gone home.A. whose time B. that C. on which D. by which time選D.從句意看， 到下午5: 30之后，人們都回家了 " D項的by強調 到時 間 ” ,which 指代先行詞 5：

54、30 pm, 符合題醫題意。14. （2000 春招 ） It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.A. thatB. whileC. whichD. when選 D. 從句意看， “這是他們隊多年來第一次贏得世界杯” 可推測關系詞所指的是時間，其先行詞是an exciting moment this year, 故選用關系副詞 when.1.鞏固練習 （1）She wore a heavy fur c

55、oat in such a hot day,2.A. whenChina hasA. in whichB. that hundredsC. what of islands,B. at whichC. of which_ I found quite strange.D. whenthe largest is Taiwan.D. from which3.We came to a placethey had never paid a visit before.A. to whereB. to which4. It was twelve o clockC. thatD. whichthey finish the work.A. since5. He often helpsB. whichA. whom6. Is thereA. that7. It was at the childhood.A. which; that C. that; wherethe studentsB. whorestaurantB. what schoolC. that _ he thinks C. whenaround _C. whicharewas named afterD. whennot quick at their studies.D. becaus