1、 unit 3computers【導語】萬維網的出現徹底改變了世界，創造了大量的財富并從根本上改變了人們的生活方式。而它的創始人英國計算機科學家蒂姆·伯納斯·李對于自己這一成果的現狀并不滿意。一起去了解一下這位“萬維網之父”吧！most people have never heard of tim bernerslee.he is not nearly as rich or famous as marc andreessen，who is the founder of netscape，or bill gates，whose name has become a wellkn

2、own word.bernerslee，who works in a small office at the massachusetts institute of technology，is the creator of the world wide web.the creation of the web is so important that some people compare bernerslee to johann gutenberg，who invented printing by movable type(活字)in the fifteenth century.bernersl

3、ee was born in england in 1955.his parents，who helped design the world's first commercially available computer，gave him a great love of mathematics and learning.in 1980，bernerslee went to work at cern，a physics laboratory in geneva，switzerland，where he had a lot of material to learn quickly.he h

4、ad a poor memory for facts and wanted to find a way to help him keep track of things he couldn't remember.he invented a software programme that allowed him to create a document that had links to other documents.he continued to develop his idea through the 1980s.he wanted to find a way to connect

5、 the knowledge and creativity of people all over the world.in 1991，his project became known as the world wide web.the number of internet users started to grow quickly.however，bernerslee is not completely happy with the way the web has developed.he thinks it has become a passive tool for so many peop

6、le，not the tool for creativity that he had imagined.【詞海拾貝】1creatorn創造者2commercially adv.商業地3track n軌道4software n軟件5passive adj.被動的；消極的【問題思考】閱讀短文，判斷正(t)誤(f)。1tim bernerslee is the founder of netscape.()2tim bernerslee was an englishman and got a lot of help from his parents.()3the world wide web beca

7、me famous but has not been developed perfectly.()答案：1.f2.t3.t(對應學生用書p27).將單詞與其正確釋義配對1calculatea簡化2universal b完全地；整個地3simplify c普遍的；通用的；宇宙的4logical d真實；事實；現實5technology e人造的；假的6artificial f探索；探測；探究7intelligent g解決；解答8solve h工藝；科技；技術9reality i合邏輯的；合情理的10totally j計算11application k智能的；聰明的12explore l應用；用

8、途；申請答案：1.j2.c3.a4.i5.h6.e7.k8.g9.d10.b11.l12.f.根據所給漢語提示寫出單詞1_n目標；目的；球門；(進球)得分2_v&n.發信號；信號3_v&n.類型；打字4_vi.出現；發生5_adj.電子的答案：1.goal2.signal3.type4.arise5.electronic.根據英語釋義寫出單詞1_：complete change in ways of thinking，working，etc2_： connected computer system3_： anyway4_： able to be moved easily fro

9、m place to place5_： activity of managing money答案：1.revolutionwork3.anyhow4.mobile5.finance.選用短語的適當形式完成句子from then on；as a result；so.that；go by；in a way；in common；compare.with；with the help of；watch over；deal with1hardly a day _ when i don't think about her.2_ with many mothers，she feels torn bet

10、ween her family and her work.3we were separated after the film，and _，i never saw her again.4_ our small apartment，our uncle's house seemed like a palace.5_，it was one of our biggest mistakes.6she is used to _ all kinds of people in her job.7the construction work has to stop _ of the heavy rain.8

11、all the villagers were moved to safety _ the pla men.9they took turns to _ the children.10_ fat was he _ he couldn't go through the door.答案：1.goes by2.in common3.from then on4compared with5.in a way6.dealing with7.as a result8.with the help of9.watch over10.sothat課文表層理解.判斷正(t)誤(f)1although the c

12、omputer was programmed by an operator who used cards with holes，it could not “think” logically.()2first as a laptop and then as a pc，the computer has been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.()3the computers' memory was first stored on transistors，then in tubes and later on very small chip

13、s.() 4since the 1970s many new applications have been found for the computer.()5the use of the computer is to provide humans with a life of high quality.()答案：1.f2.f3.f4.t5.t.讀課文，回答問題1in what order is this passage arranged？(within 2 words) in the order of _答案：time2who is the speaker “i” in the passag

14、e? (within 2 words)_答案：a computer.3how do you think this article is written in the first person？(within 20 words)_答案：it can make the article more effective to understand and attract the readers.4fill in the blank with the words from the second paragraph.(within 5 words)the computer's shape was g

15、reatly changed _ the memory stored in smaller and smaller space.答案：as a result of5why do “i” feel very happy now according to the last paragraph？(within 15 words)_答案：because “i” am a helper and devoted friend of the human race.讀課文完成表格答案：1.calculating2.analytical3.cards with holes419365.universal mac

16、hine6.memory7.laptop8network9.share10.ways課文深層理解 .讀課文，完成下列各題1what is the main idea of the passage?the passage is a short _ of the _ of computers.答案：historydevelopment2find out the key sentence of each paragraph：_答案：over time i have been changed quite a lot.these changes only became possible as my me

17、mory improved.since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.單項選擇1what is the oldest calculator in the world?acalculator. babacus. cpc.答案：b2what might you usually use to add many numbers up in an exam?apc. bhuge computer. ccalculator.答案：c3in our daily life，which is widely used to deal

18、with a large amount of information?arobot. blaptop. cabacus.答案：b4what do you think of the future computers?asmaller and smarter.blarger and faster.csmaller but slower.答案：a5if you want to send a long letter to your friend，the best way is _aby telephone bby plane cby email答案：c.領會句子所用的句型并譯成漢語1i develop

19、ed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before i was built as an analytical machine by charles babbage._答案：我發展非常緩慢，差不多到了兩百年之后，查爾斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一臺分析機。2by the 1940s i had grown as large as a room，and i wondered if i would grow any larger._答案：到20世紀40年代，我有一個房間那么大，我想知道我是否會變得更大。3as time went

20、by，i was made smaller._答案：隨著時間的推移，我被制作得更小了。4since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me._答案：自從20世紀70年代開始，人們發現了我的許多新用途。5anyhow，my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality._答案：不管怎樣，我的目標是給人們提供高質量的生活。寫一篇想象作文一、想象作文的分類想象作文可分為兩類：一是寫自己的設想、追求、愿望、夢境的習作，這類習作往往與科幻結合在一起。另一類是童話，運用“擬人

21、”手法，把各種動植物、物品想象成“人”，通過有趣的故事，告訴讀者某個道理。 二、寫好想象作文需做到以下幾點1要大膽想象：寫想象作文，一定要展開想象的翅膀，大膽想象。2想象要合理：想象是以生活為基礎的，因此我們寫想象作文，一定要從生活實際出發，展開合理的想象，不能脫離實際。另外，想象要有所節制，要有一定的中心，要為表現文章的中心思想服務。3想象的內容要具體，切忌說空話。4要表達自己的真情實感。想象作文是自己對未來的幻想，飽含著自己對美好生活的熱愛和向往。因此，我們在寫想象作文時也應該在描寫未來的同時表達自己的真情實感。三、典型句式1people will become.in the future

22、.2i think.in the future will be more interesting and wonderful.3what.will look like in the future?4have you ever thought about.in the next 30 or 50 years?5we can imagine that.6in addition，there will be super computers or robots which can help us do.7great changes will take place in the future.8i bel

23、ieve my dream will come true some day.9i believe this day will come true.你校舉行科技節，有一項發明很吸引外來參觀者的眼球，你作為發明者向參觀者介紹你的發明(護理機器人)，請按以下表格內容介紹。寫作要求1文中不能出現真實姓名和學校名稱；2詞數100左右；3注意：開頭和結尾已給出(不計入總詞數)?！緦懽饕c】本文為一篇介紹機器人的想象性作文，屬于說明文，介紹機器人的功能時應該條理清楚、用詞準確。常用搭配：help do sth幫助做某事；respond to simple spoken commands回應簡單的口頭指令；a

24、s soon as possible/as soon as sb can盡可能快地?！痉段狞c評】范文點評ladies_and_gentlemen，i'd like to introduce you something about my recent inventiona robot，whose_name_is_ribai designed_the_robot_to_look like a friendly bear，since_an_android_would_scare_the_patientsnowadays，many hospitals have been having_trou

25、ble_finding nurses and the population grows old，so i hope robots will help_(to)_solve the problem.riba can not only help carry the patients from the chair to the bed，but also respond_to simple spoken commands and recognize coworkers.i hope my invention will be introduced to hospitals as_soon_as_poss

26、iblethank_you.本文結構清晰，用詞準確，行文連貫緊湊。一些短語、復合句等的使用使文章語言豐富，更具有可讀性，如whose引導的非限制性定語從句，design sth to do sth，since引導的原因狀語從句，have trouble doing sth，help (to) do sth，respond to，as soon as possible等最近，某英語報紙正在組織一次英語征文活動，邀請讀者圍繞“science and technology is changing our life greatly”這個話題，談談科學技術給我們的日常生活帶來的變化。請你根據圖片中的提示

27、寫一篇英語短文應征，談談你家三代人購物生活的變化，并暢想未來的購物方式。注意：詞數100左右。參考詞匯：供銷社supply and marketing cooperative_答案：with the development of science and technology，our way of life has been changing all the time.my grandmother told me she usually covered a long distance to a small shop called the supply and marketing cooperat

28、ive in town to buy goods.later，supermarkets have been opened in our town，so my mother would like to go shopping in a supermarket near my house because it is very convenient.in recent years，online shopping has become popular.many young people like me prefer to buy what we like in front of the compute

29、r because it can save us time and labour.i think，in the future，we can depend on our robot servants to do shopping by telling them what we want to buy.語法填空在句中空白處填上適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。1with everything he had missing，he was _ (total) hopeless and killed himself.2. _ (person)，i think the best present

30、 is not necessarily the most expensive one.3this is another kind of beauty that has nothing to do with _ (appear)，but comes from the heart.4so many people around the world are learning or using english，so it is considered as a _ (universe) language.5her car broke down on her way to the park；as _ res

31、ult，she had to ask someone to repair it.6after _，meeting strangers means seeing the unknown，which naturally makes one feel uncomfortable.7i don't know how to deal _ such a situation.8_ the day went on，the weather got worse.9this is so difficult a problem _ few students can answer it.10in the las

32、t few years thousands of films _ (produce)all over the world.答案：1.totally2.personally3.appearance4.universal5.a6.all7.with8.as9.that10.have been produced.完成句子1_ (無論我什么時候看到他)，he is reading.2he found it difficult to read now，_ (因為他的視力正開始下降)3work hard _ (當你年輕時)，or you'll regret.4write down what the

33、 teacher says in class _ forget it(在你未忘記之前)5_ (隨著你長大)，you'll know better about yourself.答案：1.whenever i see him2.for his eyesight was beginning to fail3.when (you are) young4.before you5.as you grow older.閱讀理解閱讀下面短文，從各題所給的四個選項(a、b、c和d)中，選出最佳選項。the most frightening words in the english language a

34、re “our computer is down.”you hear it more and more when you are on business.the other day i was at the airport waiting for a ticket to washington and the girl in the ticket office said，“i'm sorry，i can't sell you a ticket.our computer is down.”“if your computer is down，just write me out a t

35、icket.”“i can't write you out a ticket.the computer is the only one allowed to do so.”i looked down on the computer and every passenger was just standing there drinking coffee and staring at the black screen.then i asked her，“what do all you people do？”“we give the computer the information about

36、 your trip，and then it tells us whether you can fly with us or not.”“so when it goes down，you go down with it.”“that's right，sir.”“how long will the computer be down？”i wanted to know.“i have no idea.sometimes it's down for 10 minutes，sometimes for two hours.there is no way we can find out w

37、ithout asking the computer，and since it's down，it won't answer us.”after the girl told me they had no backup(后備的)computer，i said.“let's forget the computer.what about your planes？they're still flying，aren't they？”“i couldn't tell without asking the computer.”“maybe i could ju

38、st go to the gate and ask the pilot if he's flying to washington.”i suggested.“i wouldn't know which gate to send you to.even if the pilot was going to washington，he couldn't take you if you didn't have a ticket.”“is there any other airline flying to washington within the next few ho

39、urs？”“i wouldn't know，” she said，pointing at the dark screen.“only it knows.it can't tell me.”by this time there were quite a few people standing in line，the words soon spread to other travellers that the computer was down.some people went white，some people started to cry and still others ki

40、cked their luggage.【語篇解讀】文章用詼諧的語氣告訴讀者，當航空公司的電腦出現了故障的時候，售票員小姐就成了擺設。1the best title of the article is _aasking the computerbthe computer of the airportcthe most frighten wordsdwhen the computer is down解析：主旨大意題。第一段第一句話就概括了大意。答案：d2what could the girl in the ticket office do for the passengers without as

41、king the computer?ashe could answer the passengers' questions.bshe could do nothing.cshe could sell a ticket.dshe could write out a ticket.解析：細節理解題。根據對話“so when it goes down，you go down with it.that's right，sir.”可知答案。答案：b3it can be inferred from the passage that they had no backup computer b

42、ecause _ait was easily downbit was not advanced enoughcit was not as big as the main computerdit was very expensive解析：推理判斷題。比較各選項和根據生活常識可知答案。答案：d4the last paragraph suggests that _aa modern computer won't be downbcomputers can take the place of humanscsometimes a computer may bring suffering to

43、peopledthere will be great changes in computer解析：主旨大意題。根據倒數第一段最后一句話可知答案。答案：c.七選五根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。how to make friendsfriendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends._1_ it offers companionship，improves selfworth and promotes good health.there

44、are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town，or changed our jobs or schools.such changes often leave us without a friend.making new friends is easy for some people，but it is difficult for many others.below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.

45、83;_2_the first step to make friends is associating with other people.you can go to public places to meet new people.besides，you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places.·start a conversationstarting a conversation is the second most important step in making

46、new friends._3_ you can always start the conversation.being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.·_4_choosing friends with common interests and doing things together is important in building friendship.these interests would always bring you and your frien

47、d together.hanging out will always be a pleasant experience of doing things together.·let it growit is a good thing to stay in touch.however，don't give your new friend too many calls，messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out.so you need to give your friend time to react to

48、 you.the best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.·enjoy your friendshipthe best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves._5_ try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be.become this kind of friend，you may make your friend unhappy a

49、nd lose your friendship in a near future.ato be cheerfulbdo things togethercdo not wait to be spoken to.dtry not to find fault(缺點)with your friends.egood friendship has many benefits.ffor a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.gassociate with others答案：1.e2.g3.c4.b5.d.完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四

50、個選項(a、b、c和d)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ricky didn't help much around the house，so his parents bought him a butler(管家)robot.as soon as it arrived，off it went，cooking，cleaning，and _1_ dirty clothes from ricky's bedroom _2_on that first day，when ricky went to sleep，he had left his bedroom in a _3_when he woke up the next morning，_4_ was perfectly clean and tidy.but now ricky couldn't _5_ his favourite tshirt，nor his favourite toy.however much he searched，the two items didn't _6_，and the same was starting to happen with other things._7_ the butler robot，ricky thought of a plan to _8_ on it