1、numerical control technology and equiping development trend andcountermeasureequip engineering level , level of determining the whole national economy of the modernized degree and modernized degree of industry, numerical control technology is it develop new developing new high-tech industry and most

2、 advanced industry to equip (such as information technology and his industry, biotechnology and his industry, aviation , spaceflight,etc. national defense industry industry) last technology and getting more basic most equipment. marx has ever said n the differences of different economic times, do no

3、t lie in what is produced，and lie in how to produce, produce with some means of labor n. manufacturing technology and equiping the most basic means of production that are that the mankind produced the activity, and numerical control technology is nowadays advanced manufacturing technology and equips

4、 the most central technology nowadays the manufacturing industry all around the world adopts numerical control technology extensively, in order to improve manufacturing capacity and level, improve the adaptive capacity and competitive power to the changeable market of the trends . in addition every

5、industrially developed country in the world also classifies the technology and numerical control equipment of numerical control as the strategic materials of the country.1 development trend of a numerical control technologythe application of numerical control technology has not only brought the revo

6、lutionary change to manufacturing industry of the tradition, make the manufacturing industry become the industrialized symbol , and with the constant development of numerical control technology and enlargement of the application, the development of some important trades (it , automobile , light indu

7、stry , medical treatment ,etc. ) to the national economy and the peopled livelihood of his plays a more and more important role, because the digitization that these trades needed to equip has already been the main trend of modern development. numerical control technology in the world at present and

8、equiping the development trend to see, there is the following four respect in its main research focus .li a high-speed , high finish machining technology and new trend equippedthe efficiency , quality are subjavanufacturing technology high-speed , high finish machining technology can raise the effic

9、iency greatly , improve the quality and grade of the products, shorten production cycle and improve the market competitive powe匚 japan carries the technological research association first to classify it as one of the 5 great modern manufacturing technologies for this, learn (cirp ) to confirm it as

10、the centre in the 21st century and study one of the directions in international production engineering in the field of car industry, produce one second when beat such as production of 300,000 / vehicle per year, and many variety process it is car that equip key problem that must be solved one of; in

11、 the fields of aviation and aerospace industry, spare parts of its processing are mostly the thin wall and thin muscle, rigidity is very bad, the material is aluminium or aluminium alloy, only in a situation that cut the speed and cut strength very small high, could process these muscles , walls . a

12、dopt large-scale whole aluminium alloy method that blank h pay empty h make the wing recently, such large-scale parts as the fuselage 5etc. come to substitute a lot of parts to assemble through numerous rivet, screw and other connection way, make the intensity , rigidity and dependability of the com

13、ponent improved. all these, to processing and equiping the demand which has proposed high-speed , high precise and high flexibility.1.2 become the main trend of systematic development of contemporary numerical control intelligently , openly , networkedlilythe numerical control equipment in the 21st

14、century will be sure the intelligent system, the intelligent content includes all respects in the numerical control system: it is intelligent in order to pursue the efficiency of processing and process quality, control such as the self-adaptation of the processing course, the craft parameter is prod

15、uced automatically; join the convenient one in order to improve the performance of urging and use intelligently, if feedforward control , adaptive operation , electrical machinery of parameter , discern load select models , since exactly makes etc. automatically automatically; the ones that simplifi

16、ed programming , simplified operating aspect are intelligent, for instance intelligent automatic programming , intelligent man-machine interface ,etc.; there are content of intelligence diagnose , intelligent monitoring , diagnosis convenient to be systematic and maintaining ,etc.produce the existin

17、g problem for the industrialization of solving the traditional numerical control system sealing and numerical control application software. a lot of countries carry on research to the open numerical control system at present, such as ngc of u.s.a. (the next generation work-station/machine control),

18、osaca of european community (open system architecture for control within automation systems), osec (open system environment for controller) of japan, onc (open numerical control system) of china ,etc. the numerical control system melts to become the future way of the numerical control system open. t

19、he so-called open numerical control system is the development of the numerical control system can be on unified operation platform, face the lathe producer and end user, through changing, increasing or cutting out the structure target(numerical control function), form the seriation, and can use user

20、s specially conveniently and the technical know-how is integrated in the control system, realize the open numerical control system of different variety , different grade fast, form leading brand products with distinct distinction. system structure norm of the open numerical control system at present

21、, communication norm , disposing norm 、 operation platform , numerical control systematic function storehouse and numerical control systematic function software developing ,etc. is the core of present research?2 pairs of basic estimations of technology and industry development of numerical control o

22、f our countrythe technology of numerical control of our country started in 195& the development course in the past 50 years can roughly be divided into 3 stages: the first stage is from 1958 to 1979, namely closed developing stage. in this stages, because technology of foreign countries blockade

23、 and basic restriction of terms of our country, the development of numerical control technology is comparatively slow. during " sixth five-year plan period", "the seventh five-year plan period " of the country in second stage and earlier stage in n the eighth five-year plan perio

24、d namely introduce technology, digest and assimilate, the stage of establishing the system of production domesticization arisesing tentatively. at this stage , because of reform and opening-up and national attention , and study the improvement of the development environment and international environ

25、ment, research , development and all making considerable progress in production domesticization of the products of the technology of numerical control of our country. the third stage is and during the n ninth five-year plan period n on the later stage in "the eighth five-year plan period n of t

26、he country, namely implement the research of industrialization, enter market competition stage at this stage , made substantive progress in industrialization of the domestic numerical control equipment of our country. in latter stage for ” the ninth five-year plan the domestic occupation rate of mar

27、ket of the domestic numerical control lathe is up to 50%, it is up to 10% too to mix the domestic numerical control system (popular).make a general survey of the development course in the past 50 years of technology of numerical control of our country, especially through tackling key problems of 4 f

28、ive-year plans, all in all has made following achievements.a.have establish the foundation of the technical development of numerical control, has mastered modern numerical control technology basically. our country has already, the numerical control host computer , basic technology of special plane a

29、nd fittings grasped and driven from the numerical control system and servoly basically now, among them most technology have already possessed and commercialized the foundation developed , some technology has already, industrialization commercialized.b.have formed the industrial base of numerical con

30、trol tentatively. in tackling key problems the foundation that the achievement and some technology commercialize， set up the systematic factories of numerical control with production capacity in batches such as numerical control in central china , numerical control of the spaceflight etc. electrical

31、 machinery plant of lanzhou, such factory and the first machine tool plant of beijing , the first machine tool plant of jinan，etc several numerical control host computer factories of a batch of servo systems and servo electrical machineries as the numerical control in central china,etc. these factor

32、ies have formed the numerical control industrial base of our country basically.watch from world , estimate roughly as follows about the engineering level of numerical control of our country and industrialization level-a. on the engineering level, in probably backward 10- 1 years with the advanced le

33、vel in foreign countries, it is bigger in high-quality precision and sophisticated technology b. on the industrialization level, the occupation rate of market is low, the variety coverage rate is little, have not formed the large-scale production yet; the specialized level of production of function

34、part and ability of forming a complete set are relatively low; appearance quality is relatively poor; dependability is not high, the commercialized degree is insufficient; one's own brand effect that the domestic numerical control system has not been set up yet, users have insufficient confidenc

35、e.it is analysed that the main reason for having above-mentioned disparity has the following several respecta.realize the respect. know to industry's process arduousness , complexity and long-term characteristic of domestic numerical control insufficiently; it is difficult to underestimate to ad

36、d strangling , system ,etc. to the unstandard , foreign blockade of the market; it is not enough to analyse to the technological application level and ability of numerical control of our country.b.system. pay close attention to numerical control industrialization many in the issue , consider numeric

37、al control industrialization little in the issue synthetically in terms of the systematic one 、industry chain in terms of technology; have not set up related system , perfect training , service network of intact high quality .etc. and supported the system.3 pairs of strategic thinking of technology

38、and industrialized development of numerical control of our country3.1 strategic considerationour country make big country, industry is it accept front instead of transformation of back end to try one's best to want in shifting in world, namely should master and make key technology advancedly, ot

39、herwise in a new round of international industrial structure adjustment, the manufacturing industry of our country will step forward and h leave the core spaces m. we regard resource , environment , market as the cost, it is only an international h machining center h in the new economic pattern of t

40、he world to exchange the possibility got and n assemble the centre 鳥 but not master the position of the manufacturing center of key technology , will so influence the development process of the modern manufacturing industry of our country seriously.we should stand in the height of national security

41、strategy paying attention to numerical control technology and industryfs question,at first seen from social safety, because manufacturing industry whether our country obtain employment most populous trade, the development of manufacturing industry not only can improve the people's living standar

42、d but also can alleviate the pressure of employment of our country , ensure the stability of the society; secondly seen from national defence security, the western developed country has classified all the high-grade , precision and advanced numerical control products as the strategic materials of th

43、e country, realizing the embargo and restriction to our country, n toshiba incident h and n cox reporth is the best illustration.3.2 development tacticsproceed from the angles of the fundamental realities of the country of our country, regard the strategic demand of the country and market demand of

44、national economy as the direction, regard improving our country and making the comprehensive competitive power of equiping industry and industrialization level as the goal, use the systematic method , be able to choose to make key technology upgraded in development of equiping industry and support t

45、echnology supporting the development of industrialization in our country in initial stage of 21 st century in leading factor, the ability to supply the necessary technology realizes making the jump development of the equiping industry as the content of research and development.emphasize market deman

46、d is a direction, namely take terminal products of numerical control as the core, with the complete machine (such as the numerical control lathe having a large capacity and a wide range, milling machine 、high speed high precise high-performance numerical control lathe , digitized machinery of model,

47、 key industry key equipment 5etc.) drive the development of the numerical control industry. solve the numerical control system and relevant functions part especially the dependability that (digitized servo system and electrical machinery , high speed electric main shaft system and new- enclosure tha

48、t equip .etc. ) and production scale question. there are no products that scale will not have high dependability ; will not have cheap and products rich in the competitiveness without scale ; certainly, it is difficult to have day holding up one's head finally that there is no scale chinese nume

49、rical control equipment.in equiping researching and developing high-grade , precision and advancedly， should emphasize the production, learning and research and close combination of the end user, regard h drawing, using, selling n as the goal, tackle key problems according to the national will, in o

50、rder to solve the needing badly of the country.數控技術和裝備發展趨勢及對策裝備工業的技術水平和現代化程度決定著整個國民經濟的水平和現代化程 度，數控技術及裝備是發展新興高新技術產業和尖端工業(如信息技術及其產業、 生物技術及其產業、航空、航天等國防工業產業)的使能技術和最基本的裝備。 馬克思曾經說過“各種經濟時代的區別，不在于生產什么，而在于怎樣生產，用 什么勞動資料生產”。制造技術和裝備就是人類生產活動的最基本的生產資料， 而數控技術又是當今先進制造技術和裝備最核心的技術。當今世界各國制造業廣 泛采用數控技術，以提高制造能力和水平，提高對動態多

51、變市場的適應能力和競 爭能力。此外世界上各個工業發達國家還將有關技術列為國家的戰略方針實施。1數控的發展趨勢1. 1高速、高精加工技術及裝備的新趨勢效率、質量是先進制造技術的主體。高速、高精加工技術可極大地提高效率, 提高產品的質量和檔次，縮短生產周期和提高市場競爭能力。為此日本先端技術 研究會將其列為5大現代制造技術之一，國際生產工程學會(cirp)將其確定為 21世紀的中心研究方向之一。在轎車工業領域，年產30萬輛的生產節拍是40 秒/輛，而且多品種加工是轎車裝備必須解決的重點問題之一；在航空和宇航工 業領域，其加工的零部件多為薄壁和薄筋，剛度很差，材料為鋁或鋁合金，只有 在高切削速度和切

52、削力很小的情況下，才能對這些筋、壁進行加工。近來采用大 型整體鋁合金坯料“掏空”的方法來制造機翼、機身等大型零件來替代多個零件 通過眾多的鉀釘、螺釘和其他聯結方式拼裝，使構件的強度、剛度和可靠性得到 提高。這些都對加工裝備提出了高速、高精和高柔性的要求。1.2智能化、開放式、網絡化成為當代數控系統發展的主要趨勢21世紀的數控裝備將是具有一定智能化的系統，智能化的內容包括在數控 系統中的各個方面：為追求加工效率和加工質量方面的智能化，如加工過程的自 適應控制，工藝參數自動生成；為提高驅動性能及使用連接方便的智能化，如前 饋控制、電機參數的自適應運算、自動識別負載自動選定模型、自整定等；簡化 編程

53、、簡化操作方面的智能化，如智能化的自動編程、智能化的人機界面等；還 有智能診斷、智能監控方面的內容、方便系統的診斷及維修等。為解決傳統的數 控系統封閉性和數控應用軟件的產業化生產存在的問題。目前許多國家對開放式 數控系統進行研究，如美國的 ngc(the next generation work-station/machine control)、歐共體的 osaca(open system architecture for control within automation sys terns)、日 本的 osec (open system environment for control ler), 中國的onc(open numerical control system)等。數控系統開放化已經成為數 控系統的未來之路。所謂開放式數控系統就是數控系統的開發可以在統一的運行 平臺上，面向機床廠家和最終用戶，通過改變、增加或剪裁結構對象（數控功能）, 形成系列化，并可方便地將用戶的特殊應用和技術訣竅集成到控制系統中，快速 實現不同品種、不同檔次的開放式數控系統，形成具有鮮明個性的名牌產品。目 前開放式數控系統的體系結構規范、通信規范、配置規范、運行平臺、數控系統 功能庫以及數控系統功能軟件開發工具等是當前研究的核心