1、UNIT 9LEARNINGPeriod FourLesson 3課前自主預習1arrangement n. _ 2childhood n._ 3emotional adj. _ 4excitement n. _ 5photographic adj. _ 6digit n. _ 7publish vt.& vi. _ 計劃；安排童年，兒童時代情感上的；情緒上的興奮，激動詳細準確的；照片的；攝影的數(shù)字出版；發(fā)表；刊登重點單詞重點單詞8_ n. 曲線；弧線9_ adj.急劇的，猛烈的；尖的，鋒利的10_ adj. 適時的；及時的11_ n細胞12_ adv.定期地13_ n記憶14_ n技巧，手法

2、curvesharptimelycellperiodicallymemorisationtechnique1emotional connections_ 2for the first time_ 3as a result_ 4a photographic memory_ 5connectto/with_ 6be curious about_ 重點重點詞塊詞塊情感聯(lián)系第一次結(jié)果過目不忘的記憶力把和聯(lián)系起來對感到好奇7定期地復習材料_ 8建立更強的記憶_ 9到40歲時_ 10別緊張；放松點_ 11就而言；在方面_ 12充分利用_ review the material periodicallybu

3、ild stronger memoriesby the age of 40take it easyin terms ofmake good use of1_ (這是因為當我們體驗事物時) for the first time, we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement.(That is because) 這是因為當我們第一次體驗事物時，我們通常會有強烈的恐懼或興奮感。重點重點句式句式This is because when we experience things2_ (當記憶新事物時) , try to connect it to

4、 our emotions.(when doing) 當記憶新事物時，試著把它和我們的情緒聯(lián)系起來。3_ (聯(lián)系它是重要的) with what we already know.(it isadj.to do sth.) 把它與我們已知的聯(lián)系起來是很重要的。When remembering something newIt is important to connect it閱讀理解()1When remembering something new, try to connect it to _.Aour knowledgeBour experienceCour emotionsDour tho

5、ughts課文預讀課文預讀()2Who can remember the first 22, 514 digits of pi () ?AStephen Wiltshire.BDaniel Tammet.CJemima Gryaznov.DHermann Ebbinghaus.()3When does the sharpest loss of memory occur?ADuring the very early period after learning.BDuring the first three days after learning.CDuring the first week af

6、ter learning.DDuring the first hour after learning.()4How many brain cells do we lose every day by the age of 40?A1,000B100,000C1,000,000D10,000()5When does our memory reach its full power?AAt the age of 25BAt the age of 16CAt the age of 40DAt the age of 18【答案】1C2B3A4D5A判斷正誤()1The reason why childho

7、od memories are good is that all the things were told many times.()2In fact no one has a photographic memory in the world.()3It is unnatural that we easily forget the new words that we learned.()4Our memory began to decline when we are 40 years old.()5When we memorize detailed learning materials, we

8、 only need to concentrate on the important ideas and be curious about what we learn.【答案】1T2T3F4F5T()3Para.3 CIm 16, but I sometimes forget things. Is my memory getting worse?()4Para.4 DWhy do I forget the new words that I learnt yesterday?【答案】1B2A3D4C課堂新知講練1arrangement n. 計劃；安排(P58) facts and arrang

9、ements【翻譯】事實和安排詞匯拓講詞匯拓講arrangement n. 計劃；安排常見搭配：make arrangements/an arrangement for 為做安排arrive at/come to an arrangement 談妥；達成協(xié)議【用法詳解】arrange vt. & vi. 安排；籌劃常見搭配：arrange to do sth.安排做某事arrange sth. for sb.為某人安排某事arrange for sb. to do sth.安排某人做某事arrange(with sb.) to do sth.(與某人) 約定干某事arrange that商定；

10、安排My boss arranged for me to discuss details with someone from another company.老板安排我和來自于別的公司的人討論細節(jié)。A travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.一個香港的旅游公司說，它會定期安排住在上海和香港的人們快速旅游。【拓展提升】(1)表示“安排某人做某事”用arrange for sb. to do sth.

11、而不用arrange sb. to do sth.。(2)make arrangements(for sth./for sb. to do sth.) 中的arrangement常用復數(shù)形式?！踞槍毩暋繂尉湔Z法填空(1)They had no time _ (arrange) their own wedding, so they had it organized by a company.(2)Parents arrange everything _ their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.(3

12、)I am looking forward to being told about your _ (arrange) of vacation.完成句子(4)I have _ the experts at the airport.我已經(jīng)安排湯姆去接機場接專家了。(5) If you want to succeed, youd better _ the future.如果你想成功，你最好為將來做好安排。【答案】(1)to arrange(2)for(3)arrangements(4)arranged for Tom to pick up(5) make arrangements for2emoti

13、onal adj. 情感上的；情緒上的(P58) We remember things that have strong connections in our mind, especially emotional connections.【翻譯】我們會記住與頭腦中有較強關(guān)聯(lián)的事情，特別是情感聯(lián)系。emotional adj. 情感上的；情緒上的常見搭配：emotional harm 情感傷害emotion n. 強烈的感情；情緒；激情常見搭配：be overcome with emotion激動不已a mixture of emotions百感交集emotionally adv. 情緒上；情感

14、上【用法詳解】His face conveys all kinds of emotions：from happiness to sadness.他臉上顯現(xiàn)出各種表情，從高興到悲傷?！踞槍毩暋繂尉湔Z法填空(1)My family provides _ (emotion) support when I feel very painful.(2)He finished his speech _ (emotion) .完成句子(3)Mary _ yesterday.昨天瑪麗激動不已。(4)He could never see the face of Goldstein without _.每次看到戈

15、德斯坦的面孔，他都禁不住百感交集，痛苦異常。【答案】(1)emotional(2)emotionally (3)was overcome with emotion(4)a painful mixture of emotions3as a result 作為結(jié)果(P58) As a result, we remember them much better, as retelling events helps fix experiences in our memories.【翻譯】重復事件能加強我們對事件的印象，結(jié)果是我們能更好地記住這些經(jīng)歷。as a result作為結(jié)果result的相關(guān)短語：

16、as a result作為結(jié)果(后接結(jié)果) as a result of 作為的結(jié)果；由于(后接原因) result in導致；造成(后接結(jié)果) result from由引起；起因于(后接原因) 【用法詳解】As a result of more and more pollution, many species are dying out.由于越來越多的污染，很多物種正在滅絕。Its generally believed that his cancer resulted from the overfull tiredness.普遍認為他是因為過度的勞累而得了癌癥。I often turn to

17、 my classmates or teachers for help. As a result, I have made steady progress in my studies.我經(jīng)常向我的同學或老師求助。結(jié)果，我在學習上取得了穩(wěn)定的進步?！踞槍毩暋繂尉湔Z法填空(1)His laziness resulted _ his failure；that is to say, his failure resulted _ his laziness.(2)We are still dealing with problems _ (result) from errors made in the p

18、ast.完成句子(3)He had some bad fish._ (結(jié)果) , he felt ill this morning.(4)He cant take part in the sports meeting _ (由于) his serious injuries in an accident.【答案】(1)in; from(2)resulting(3)As a result(4)as a result of4sharp adj. 急劇的，猛烈的；尖的，鋒利的(P59) According to him, the sharpest loss of memory occurs durin

19、g the very early period after learning.【翻譯】根據(jù)他的說法，最顯著的遺忘出現(xiàn)在學習之后的最初階段。sharp adj. 急劇的，猛烈的；尖的，鋒利的常見搭配：a sharp increase急劇增加a sharp turn 急轉(zhuǎn)彎sharp teeth鋒利的牙齒be sharp with sb. 對某人嚴厲；對某人說話刻薄a sharp pain一陣劇痛have a sharp tongue 說話刻薄【用法詳解】sharply adv. 急劇地；嚴厲地fall sharply急劇下降sharpen v. 使增強；使提高；使變鋒利【針對練習】單句語法填空(

20、1)What is the price of petrol these days?Oh，it has risen _ (sharp) since last month.(2)They also made tools of bones and _ (sharp) stones.完成句子(3)Nowadays，there is _ (急劇增加) in childrens creativity，for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.(4)He _ (對說話尖刻) me when I was late.(5) As every

21、body knows, she _ (說話刻薄) .【答案】(1)sharply(2)sharpened(3)a sharp increase(4)was sharp with(5) has a sharp tongue5take it easy 放輕松(P60) So take it easy. You are at a good age in terms of your memory. Make good use of it!【翻譯】所以不要緊張。在記憶力方面你正處在好的年齡。要充分利用這一點！take it easy放輕松take相關(guān)短語：take back收回(說錯的話) take d

22、own 寫下；記下take in欺騙；領(lǐng)會；吸收；理解take on 雇用；呈現(xiàn)；承擔take ones time 別著急；慢慢來【用法詳解】takefor/as/to be 把看作 take away拿走；帶走；使消除take down 取下；記下；拆除take over接收；接管take apart 拆開take off取下；脫下；休假；突然開始成功；起飛take up占用(時間) ，占據(jù)(空間) ；開始從事(新工作) ；對某事產(chǎn)生興趣；繼續(xù)Ill take back what I just said. 我將收回我剛說的話。We took the computer apart to see

23、 what was wrong.我們拆開電腦看看哪兒出了問題。Tom took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.湯姆從事了一段時間繪畫，但很快就失去了興趣。【針對練習】單句語法填空(1)Take _ easy. Peter，Ill help you out.(2)I dont suppose I will take _ too much of your time.(3)China has taken _ a new look in the past few years.(4)There are still two hours be

24、fore our plane takes _， so take your time.(5) Dont be taken _ by products claiming(聲稱) to help you to lose weight in a week.(6) You neednt take _ whatever your teacher says at class.(7) Even the experts took the painting _ a genuine Picasso.(8) Many businesses started up by college students have tak

25、en _ thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.【答案】(1)it(2)up(3)on(4)off(5) in(6) down(7) for(8) off6up to 多達；直到；能勝任(P59) At that point, we can remember up to 200 pieces of information in a second.【翻譯】此時，我們可以在一秒鐘內(nèi)記住多達200條信息。up to多達；直到；能勝任up to一詞多義：(數(shù)量或數(shù)目) 多達直到(某個時刻或日期) ：up to now 直到現(xiàn)在能

26、勝任：be up to the important job 勝任這一重要工作正在做(秘密或不該做的事) ：be up to writing a novel 正在寫小說由決定；是某人的義務：be up to you 由你決定【用法詳解】Its up to you what kind of life you will lead in the future. 將來過怎樣的生活取決于你自己。Its up to you to find out what your goals really are. 你真正的目標是什么，只能由你來發(fā)現(xiàn)?！踞槍毩暋繉懗鼍渲衭p to 的含義(1)I dont feel u

27、p to the task. _ (2)He knew Bailey was up to something. But what? _ (3)They stayed there up to 7 days a week. _ 完成句子(4)Michael is not really _ (勝任) the job as an architect.(5) The children are very quiet. I wonder _ (他們在搞什么鬼) .(6) What shall we do tonight then? _ (由你決定) .【答案】(1)能勝任(2)正在做(3)多達(4)up t

28、o(5) what they are up to(6) Its up to you(P58) This is because when we experience things for the first time, we often have strong feelings of fear orexcitement.【翻譯】這是因為我們第一次經(jīng)歷事物時，常常會產(chǎn)生強烈的恐懼感或者興奮感。句式解讀句式解讀【考點提煉】This is because “這是因為”，because引導表語從句。【歸納拓展】相關(guān)的用法有：It/This/That is because這/ 那是因為 (because后

29、接原因) It/This/That is why這/ 那就是的原因(why后接結(jié)果) The reason is that原因是The deadline is drawing near. That is why we are very busy.最后期限要到了。這就是我們很忙的原因。The reason why the students favor the book is that they can carry it with them wherever they go.學生們喜歡這本書的原因是他們無論去哪都可以隨身攜帶它。From space, the earth looks blue. T

30、his is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.從太空中看，地球是藍色的。這是因為它表面約71%都被水覆蓋著?！踞槍毩暋繂尉湔Z法填空(1)He fell asleep during the lecture. This was _ he got bored with it.(2)The reason _ he missed the bus was that he got up late.(3)He failed the exam again. The reason was _ he was

31、too careless.完成句子(4)He admitted that his father was strict with him. _ he made so many achievements.他承認他父親對他嚴格。那就是為什么他取得如此多的成就。(5) _ he is so brilliant is _ he read many books.他如此才華橫溢是因為他讀了很多書?！敬鸢浮?1)because(2)why(3)that(4)Thats why(5) The reason why; that課文讀練專訓一、表格填寫Questionsabout memoryAnswersWhy

32、can Iremember eventsin my childhoodbut not whathappened last week？We remember things that have strong connections in our mind, especially 1_ connections. Childhood memoriesare often very emotional. So it is important to connect something new 2_ what we already know. Also, we can try to 3_ what we ha

33、ve learnt to a few others.Questionsabout memoryAnswersDo some peoplereally have aphotographic memory？A person with a photographic memory could remember every 4_ of a picture, a book or an event many years later, but no one has proved that there are people who really have photographic memories. So we

34、 simply need to focus on the important ideas and be 5_ about what we learn when memorising detailed learning materials.Questionsabout memoryAnswersWhy do I forgetthe new words that I learnt yesterday？This is 6_ for many people. The sharpest loss of memory occurs during the very early period after le

35、arning. Therefore, one of the golden 7_ to increase how much we remember is to review the material periodically, especially during the first day after learning.Questionsabout memoryAnswersIm 16，but I sometimesforget things.Is my memorygetting worse？Definitely not. Our memory reaches its 8_ power at

36、the age of 25After this age, however, the brain starts to get 9_ . By middle age, our memory is significantly 10_ than when we were young.【答案】1emotional2with3retell4detail5curious6natural7rules8full9smaller10worse二、課文語法填空We remember things that have strong connections in our mind, especially 1_ (emo

37、tion) connections.We remember interesting and funny stories from our childhood 2_ are often told again and again.No one has proved that there are such people who 3_ (real) have photographic memories.But there are some people who do have 4_ (amaze) memories. It is natural 5_ many people to forget the

38、 new words learnt yesterday. The sharpest loss of memory occurs during the very early period after 6_ (learn) . Therefore, one of the golden 7_ (rule) to increase how much we remember is to review the material 8_ (periodical) , especially during the first day after learning.Our memory reaches 9_ (it

39、) full power at the age of 25After this age, the brain starts to get smaller. By middle age, our memory is significantly worse 10_ when we were young.【答案】1emotional2that3really4amazing5for6learning7rules8periodically9its10than三、概要寫作請根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的概要。_【答案】Memory expert Jemima Gryaznov answers some o

40、f the most common questions about memory. First，why can I remember events in my childhood but not what happened last week？(要點1) .Second, do some people really have a photographic memory？(要點2) .Third, why do I forget the new words that I learnt yesterday？(要點3) .The last, Im 16, but I sometimes forget

41、 things. Is my memory getting worse？(要點4) .語 法 突 破【例句觀察】1(P61) Retelling events helps fix experiences in our memories.2(P61) There are some people who do have amazing memories.觀察領(lǐng)悟3(P61) They are both good at remembering particular things for a limited time.4(P61) One of the golden rules to increase

42、 how much we remember is to review the material periodically.【我的領(lǐng)悟】1上面加黑部分都是謂語動詞部分，既有單數(shù)也有復數(shù)形式。2上面的句1和句4都是謂語動詞的單數(shù)形式。句2和句3都是復數(shù)形式。主謂一致即謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上要和主語保持一致，主謂一致包括語法一致、意義一致和就近一致。語法一致即謂語動詞在單復數(shù)形式上要和主語保持一致；意義一致就是謂語動詞要和主語意義上的單復數(shù)保持一致；就近一致就是謂語動詞要和靠近它的主語部分保持一致。主謂一致一、語法一致原則即主語為單數(shù)，謂語用單數(shù)，主語為復數(shù)，謂語也用復數(shù)。即主語的單復數(shù)決定了謂語動詞

43、的單復數(shù)。1單數(shù)主語即使后面帶有with, along with, together with, like(像) , but (除了) , except, besides, as well as，rather than(而不是) , including, in addition to 引導的短語，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)。Air as well as water is matter.空氣和水都是物質(zhì)。No one except two servants was late for the dinner.除了兩個仆人外，沒有一個人用餐遲到。2不定式(短語) , 動名詞(短語) , 或從句作主語時，謂語動詞

44、用單數(shù)。Serving the people is my great happiness. 為人民服務是我很大的幸福。When well go out for an outing has been decided. 我們什么時候出去郊游已決定了。3用連接的并列主語被each, every或no修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每個男孩和每個女孩都喜歡去游泳。No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 沒有老師也沒有學生開會缺席。4若主語中有mor

45、e than one或many a/an, 盡管從意義上看是復數(shù)，但它的謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)。Many a boy likes playing basketball. 許多男生都喜歡打籃球。More than one student was late. 不止一個學生遲到。5名詞如：trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主語時，謂語動詞必須用復數(shù)。His clothes are good. 他的衣服很好。【針對練習】單句語法填空1My father, together with some of his old friends, _ (be) th

46、ere already.2More than one answer _ (give) to the question recently.3Laying eggs _ (be) the ant queens full-time job.4Each man and woman _ (have) the same rights.5My blue trousers _ worn out. One pair of trousers _ not enough.(be) 6Many a student _ (realize) the importance of learning a foreign lang

47、uage.【答案】1has been2has been given3is4has5are; is6has realized二、意義一致原則意義一致原則指不管主語的形式是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)，主語的意義決定了謂語動詞的單復數(shù)。1主語中有all, half, most, the rest等，以及“分數(shù)或百分數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞單復數(shù)取決于連用的名詞。The rest of the bikes are on sale today. 剩下的自行車今天出售。Most of the apples were rotten. 大部分的蘋果都是爛的。60% of the apple was eaten by th

48、e little boy. 這個蘋果的60%都被這個小男孩吃了。2表示時間、金錢、距離、度量等的名詞作主語時，盡管是復數(shù)形式，它們作為一個單一的概念時，其謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Ten miles is a good distance. 十英里是一段相當長的距離。3集體名詞有三種情形。(1)通常作復數(shù)的集體名詞，包括police, people, cattle 等，其謂語動詞常用復數(shù)。The British police have only very limited powers. 英國警察的權(quán)力非常有限。(2)通常作不可數(shù)名詞的集體名詞，包括equipment, furniture, clothin

49、g, luggage, advice, progress等，其謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。Some advice is given to you about how to improve your English.關(guān)于如何提升英語，給你一些建議。(3)可作單數(shù)也可作復數(shù)的集體名詞，包括 audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public等。The committee has/have decided to dismiss him. 委員會決定解雇他。4“the形容詞/過去分詞形式”表示一類人，作主語時，謂語

50、動詞用復數(shù)。The injured were saved after the fire. 受傷的人在火災后得救了。(3)可作單數(shù)也可作復數(shù)的集體名詞，包括 audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public等。The committee has/have decided to dismiss him. 委員會決定解雇他。4“the形容詞/過去分詞形式”表示一類人，作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。The injured were saved after the fire. 受傷的人在火災后得救了?！踞槍?/p>

51、習】單句語法填空1Most of the students _ (be) boys.2Most of his money _ (be) spent on books.3Half of the visitors _ from Europe. Half of the fruit _ (be) bad.4Five hundred dollars _ (be) more than he can afford.5The policeman _ (be) standing at the street corner. The police _ (be) searching for him.6The youn

52、g _ (be) the vital forces in our society.【答案】1are2is3are; is4is5is; are6are三、就近一致原則就近一致原則指謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式取決于離它最近的主語。1由here, there等引導的倒裝句中，有時主語不止一個時，謂語動詞與靠近它的主語在數(shù)上一致。Here comes the bus. 公共汽車來了。Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 給你一支鋼筆和幾張紙。2用連詞or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also 等連接的并列主

53、語，謂語動詞與靠近它的主語在數(shù)上一致。Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it. 學生和老師都不知道這事。He or you have taken my pen. 他或者你拿了我的鋼筆。 【針對練習】單句語法填空1Neither Tom nor his parents _ (be) at home.2Not only I but also David and Iris _ (be) fond of playing basketball.3Either you or I _ (be) going to the tea

54、chers office after class.4There _ a pen, an ink bottle, and some books on it. There _ some bowls, plates and a spoon on it.(be) 【答案】1are2are3am4is; are一、單句語法填空1 _ either he or I proud of the job?Neither he nor you _ .(be) 2The factory, including its equipment and buildings, _ (be) burnt last night.3

55、Over 70 percent of the population in this province _ (be) farmers.追蹤練習4War and peace _ (be) a constant theme in history.5Each teacher and each scientist _ (be) invited to take part in the conference.6Three hours with your old friends _ (seem) to be a short time.7On each side of the road _ (grow) a l

56、ot of tall trees.8Jack, as well as his relatives and friends, _ (hold) a party at home now.9What I want _ an interesting book while what he expects _ two cups of coffee.(be) 10The rest of the novel _ (be) very wonderful and instructive.【答案】1Is；are2was3are4is5was6seems7grow8is holding9is；are10is二、完成句

57、子1He has eaten up some of the cheese. The rest _ .他已經(jīng)吃完了一些奶酪。其余的都壞了。2_ some advice on how to learn English, while what he looks forward to _ .他想要的是一些關(guān)于如何學習英語的建議，而他期待的是一些英語詞典。3Swimming in the Yangtze River _ .在長江游泳需要很大的勇氣。4Either you or Jack _ the manager.不是你就是杰克即將代替經(jīng)理的職位。5The class _ on the exercises at the moment.這個班現(xiàn)在正忙著做練習?！敬鸢浮?has gone bad2What he wants is; are some English dictionaries3needs great courage4is about to take the place of5are busy working隨堂知能小練一、單詞拼寫1Those _ (細胞) div