SectionII:CloseTest

Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefour

choiceslabeled[AJ,[B],[C]and[D|.Choosethebestoneandputyour

choiceinthebracketsbelowthepassage.Readthewholepassagebefore

makingyourchoices.(10points)

OnWednesdayafternoonsAnnietookthebusintotowntoshopinthe

market.Foranhouror_16—shewouldwalkupanddownbetween

thestallslookingateverything,buyinghereandthere,and_17—a

sharplookoutforthebargainsthatweresometimestobehad.Andthen,

withallthethingssheneeded_18—shewouldleavethemarketforthe

streetsofthetowntospendanotherhour_19—shelikedbest:looking

infurnitureshopwindows.

OneWednesdayshefoundanewshopfullofthemostdelightfulthings,

withanoticeinvitinganyonetowalkinandlook_20—withoutfeeling

theyhadtobuysomething.Anniehesitatedforamomentbefore

steppingthroughthedoorwaywhere,almostatonce,shestopped

—21—beforeagreenarmchair.Therewasacardonthechairwhich

said:"Thisfinechairisyours_22—lessthanapoundaweek,“and

verysmallatthebottom,"Cashpriceeighty-ninepoundsfifty."Apound

aweek...—23—,shecouldalmostpaythatoutofherhousekeeping

moneyandnevermissit!Avoiceathershouldermadeher_24—.

“CanIhelpyou,Madam?”Shelookedroundattheassistantwhohad

comesoftlytoher_25—.

“Oh,well,no,“shesaid."Iwasjustlooking.""We'vechairsofall

kindsintheshowroom.Ifyou'lljustcomeup,youwillfindsomething

tosuityou.^^

Annie,worriedatthethoughtofbeingpersuadedtobuysomethingshe

didn'tneed,lefttheshophurriedly.

16.[A]so[B]more[C]else[D]another

17.[A]taking

[B]making

[C]fixing

[D]keeping

18.[A]buy

[B]bought

[C]buying

[D]tohavebought

19.[A]inaway

[B]bytheway

[C]intheway

[D]ontheway

20.[A]behind

[B]round

[C]back

[D]on

21.[A]doubted

[B]wondered

[C]puzzled

[D]delighted

22.[A]at

[B]for

[C]with

[D]in

23.[A]Why

[B]When

[C]How

[D]What

24.[A]jump

[B]leap

[C]laugh

[D]wonder

25.[A]place

[B]back

[C]side

[D]front

SectionIII:ReadingComprehension

Eachofthetwopassagesbelowisfollowedbyfivequestions.Foreach

questiontherearefouranswers.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoose

thebestanswertoeachofthequestions.Putyourchoiceinthebrackets

ontheleft.(10points)

Text1

Thereareagreatmanycareersinwhichtheincreasingemphasisison

specialization.Youfindthesecareersinengineering,inproduction,in

statisticalwork,andinteaching.Butthereisanincreasingdemandfor

peoplewhoareabletotakeingreatareaataglance,peoplewhoperhaps

donotknowtoomuchaboutanyonefield.Thereis,inotherwords,a

demandforpeoplewhoarecapableofseeingtheforestratherthanthe

trees,ofmakinggeneraljudgments.Wecancallthesepeople

“generalists."Andthese“generalists”areparticularlyneededfor

positionsinadministration,whereitistheirjobtoseethatotherpeople

dothework,wheretheyhavetoplanforotherpeople,toorganizeother

people'swork,tobeginitandjudgeit.

Thespecialistunderstandsonefield;hisconcerniswithtechniqueand

tools.Heisa“trained"man;andhiseducationalbackgroundisproperly

technicalorprofessional.Thegeneralist—andespeciallythe

administrator—dealswithpeople;hisconcerniswithleadership,with

planning,andwithdirectiongiving.Heisan“educated”man;andthe

humanitiesarehisstrongestfoundation.Veryrarelyisaspecialist

capableofbeinganadministrator.Andveryrarelyisagoodgeneralist

alsoagoodspecialistinparticularfield.Anyorganizationneedsboth

kindsofpeople,thoughdifferentorganizationsneedthemindifferent

proportions.Itisyourtasktofindout,duringyourtrainingperiod,into

whichofthetwokindsofjobsyoufit,andtoplanyourcareer

accordingly.

Yourfirstjobmayturnouttobetherightjobforyou—butthisispure

accident.Certainlyyoushouldnotchangejobsconstantlyorpeoplewill

becomesuspiciousofyourabilitytoholdanyjob.Atthesametimeyou

mustnotlookuponthefirstjobasthefinaljob;itisprimarilyatraining

job,anopportunitytounderstandyourselfandyourfitnessforbeingan

employee.

26.Thereisanincreasingdemandfor.

[AJallroundpeopleintheirownfields

[B]peoplewhosejobistoorganizeotherpeople'swork

[C]generalistswhoseeducationalbackgroundiseithertechnicalor

professional

[D]specialistswhosechiefconcernistoprovideadministrative

guidancetoothers

27.Thespecialistis.

[A]amanwhosejobistotrainotherpeople

[B]amanwhohasbeentrainedinmorethanonefields

[C]amanwhocanseetheforestratherthanthetrees

[D]amanwhoseconcernismainlywithtechnicalorprofessional

matters

28.Theadministratoris.

[A]a"trained“manwhoismoreaspecialistthanageneralist

[B]amanwhoseesthetreesaswellastheforest

[C]amanwhoisverystronginthehumanities

[DJamanwhoisan“educated“specialist

29.Duringyourtrainingperiod,itisimportant.

[A]totrytobeageneralist

[B]tochooseaprofitablejob

[C]tofindanorganizationwhichfitsyou

[D]todecidewhetheryouarefittobeaspecialistorageneralist

30.Aman'sfirstjob.

[A]isnevertherightjobforhim

[B]shouldnotberegardedashisfinaljob

[C]shouldnotbechangedorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofhis

abilitytoholdanyjob

[D]isprimarilyanopportunitytofithimselfforhisfinaljob

Test2

Atthebottomoftheworldliesamightycontinentstillwrappedinthe

IceAgeand,untilrecenttimes,unknowntoman.Itisagreatlandmass

withmountainrangeswhoseextentandelevationarestilluncertain.

Muchofthecontinentisacompleteblankonourmaps.Manhas

explored,onfoot,lessthanonepercentofitsarea.Antarcticadiffers

fundamentallyfromtheArcticregions.TheArcticisanocean,covered

withdriftingpackediceandhemmedinbythelandmassesofEurope,

Asia,andNorthAmerica.TheAntarcticisacontinentalmostaslargeas

EuropeandAustraliacombined,centeredroughlyontheSouthPoleand

surroundedbythemostunobstructedwaterareasoftheworld—the

Atlantic,Pacific,andIndianOceans.

Thecontinentalicesheetismorethantwomileshighinitscentre,thus,

theairovertheAntarcticisfarmorerefrigeratedthanitisoverthe

Arcticregions.Thiscoldaircurrentfromthelandissoforcefulthatit

makesthenearbyseasthestormiestintheworldandrendersunlivable

thoseregionswhosecounterpartsattheoppositeendoftheglobeare

inhabited.Thus,morethanamillionpersonslivewithin2,000milesof

theNorthPoleinanareathatincludesmostofAlaska,Siberia,and

Scandinavia—aregionrichinforestandminingindustries.Apartfroma

handfulofweatherstations,withinthesamedistanceoftheSouthPole

thereisnotasingletree,industry,orsettlement.

31.Thebesttitleforthisselectionwouldbe.

[A]Iceland

[B]LandofOpportunity

[C]TheUnknownContinent

[D]UtopiaatLast

32.Atthetimethisarticlewaswritten,ourknowledgeofAntarcticawas

[A]verylimited

[B]vast

[C]fairlyrich

[DJnonexistent

33.Antarcticaisborderedbythe.

[A]PacificOcean

[B]IndianOcean

[C]AtlanticOcean

[D]Allthree

34.TheAntarcticismadeuninhabitableprimarilyby

[A]coldair

[B]calmseas

[C]ice

[D]lackofknowledgeaboutthecontinent

35.Accordingtothisarticle.

[A]2,000peopleliveontheAntarcticContinent

[B]amillionpeoplelivewithin2,000milesoftheSouthPole

[C]weatherconditionswithina2,000mileradiusoftheSouthPole

makesettlementsimpractical

fD]onlyahandfulofnativesinhabitAntarctica

SectionVIII:English-ChineseTranslation

Directions:

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Onlytheunderlined

sentencesaretobetranslated.(20points)

Itwouldbeinterestingtodiscoverhowmanyyoungpeoplegoto

universitywithoutanyclearideaofwhattheyaregoingtodoafterwards.

(71)Ifoneconsiderstheenormousvarietyofcoursesoffered,itisnot

hardtoseehowdifficultitisforastudenttoselectthecoursemost

suitedtohisinterestsandabilities.(72)Ifastudentgoestouniversityto

acquireabroaderperspectiveoflife,toenlargehisideasandtolearnto

thinkforhimself,hewillundoubtedlybenefit.(73)Schoolsoftenhave

toorestrictinganatmosphere,withitstimetablesanddisciplines,to

allowhimmuchtimeforindependentassessmentoftheworkheis

askedtodo.(74)Moststudentswould,Ibelieve,profitbyayearofsuch

explorationofdifferentacademicstudies,especiallythose“allrounders^^

withnoparticularinterest.Theyshouldhavelongertimetodecidein

whatsubjecttheywanttotaketheirdegrees,sothatinlaterlife,theydo

notlookbackandsay,“Ishouldliketohavebeenanarchaeologist.IfI

hadn'ttakenadegreeinModernLanguages,Ishouldn'thaveendedup

asaninterpreter,butit'stoolatenow.Icouldn'tgobackandbeginall

overagain.”

(75)Thereis,ofcourse,anothersidetothequestionofhowtomakethe

bestuseofone'stimeatuniversity.(76)Thisisthecaseofthestudent

whoexcelsinaparticularbranchoflearning.(77)Heisimmediately

acceptedbytheUniversityofhischoice,andspendshisthreeorfour

yearsbecomingaspecialist,emergingwithafirst-classHonourDegree

andverylittleknowledgeofwhattherestoftheworldisallabout.(78)

Itthereforebecomesmoreandmoreimportantthat,ifstudentsarenotto

wastetheiropportunities,therewillhavetobemuchmoredetailed

informationaboutcoursesandmoreadvice.Onlyinthiswaycanwebe

surethatwearenottohave,ontheonehand,abandofspecialists

ignorantofanythingoutsideoftheirownsubject,andontheotherhand,

aneverincreasingnumberofgraduatesqualifiedinsubjectsforwhich

thereislittleornodemandintheworkingworld.

1986年參考答案

SectionII:Error-detectionandCorrection(10points)

16.[A]17.[DJ18.[B]19.[C]20.[B]

21.[D]22.[B]23.[A]24.[A]25.[C]

SectionIII:ReadingComprehension(10points)

26.[B]27.[D]28.[C]29.[D]30.[B]

31.[C]32.[A]33.[D]34.[A]35.[C]

SectionVIII:English-ChineseTranslation(20points)

71.如果想一想那些為學生設置的門類繁多的課程，我們就不難發

現，對一個學生來說，要選一門符合他的興趣和能力的課程是多么

困難。

72.如果一個學生進大學是為了想獲得一個對生活前景更廣泛的認

識，為了擴大思想境界和學會獨立思考，那么毫無疑問，進大學對

他是有好處的。

73.學校由于受課程表和紀律的約束，氣氛往往令人感到過于拘束，

使學生沒有充分時間對規定要他做的事情有獨立的見解。

74.我認為大多數學生，尤其是那些沒有偏重某一門課程的“全面發

展的學生”，經過一年左右的時間對各門不同學科的鉆研，將會從中

-狄44-血。

75.當然，關于一個人如何最充分地利用上大學的時間，還有另外一

個方面。

76.某一學科中出類拔萃的學生就屬于這種情況。

77.他一畢業馬上就被一所他自己選中的大學所接受，再花三、四年

時間，以優異的成績取得榮譽學位，成為一名專家，但對外界的一

切卻兒乎一無所知。

78.因此，如果要學生好好利用他們上大學的機會，就應該為他們提

供大量關于課程方面更為詳盡的信息和更多的指點。這個問題顯得

越來越重要了。

1987年全國碩士研究生入學統一考試英語試題

SectionII:ReadingComprehension

Eachofthreepassagesbelowisfollowedbyfivequestions.Foreach

questiontherearefouranswers,readthepassagecarefullyandchoose

thebestanswertoeachofthequestion.PutyourchoiceintheANSWER

SHEET.(15points)

Text1

Forcenturiesmendreamedofachievingverticalflight.In400A.D.

Chinesechildrenplayedwithafan-liketoythatspunupwardsandfell

backtoearthasrotationceased.LeonardodaVinciconceivethefirst

mechanicalapparatus,calleda“Helix,“whichcouldcarrymanstraight

up,butwasonlyadesignandwasnevertested.

Theancient-dreamwasfinallyrealizedin1940whenaRussianengineer

pilotedastrangelookingcraftofsteeltubingwitharotatingfanontop.

Itroseawkwardlyandverticallyintotheairfromastandingstart,

hoveredafewfeetabovetheground,wentsidewaysandbackwards,and

thensettledbacktoearth.Thevehiclewascalledahelicopter.

Imaginationswerefired.Mendreamedofgoingtoworkintheirown

personalhelicopters.Peopleanticipatethatverticalflighttransports

wouldcarrymillionsofpassengersasdotheairlinersoftoday.Such

fantasticexpectationswerenotfulfilled.

Thehelicopterhasnowbecomeanextremelyusefulmachine.Itexcels

inmilitarymissions,carryingtroops,gunsandstrategicinstruments

whereotheraircraftcannotgo.Corporationsusethemasairborneoffices,

manymetropolitanareasusetheminpolicework,constructionand

loggingcompaniesemploytheminvariousadvantageousways,

engineersusethemforsiteselectionandsurveying,andoilcompanies

usethemasthebestwaytomakeoffshoreandremoteworkstations

accessibletocrewsandsupplies.Anyurgentmissiontoahard-to-get-to

placeisalikelytaskforahelicopter.Amongtheirothermultitudeof

used:deliverpeopleacrosstown,flytoandfromairports,assistin

rescuework,andaidinthesearchformissingorwantedpersons.

11.Peopleexpectthat.

[A]theairlinersoftodaywouldeventuallybereplacedbyhelicopters

[B]helicopterswouldsomedaybeabletotransportlargenumberof

peoplefromplacetoplaceasairlinersarenowdoing

[C]theimaginationsfiredbytheRussianengineer'sinventionwould

becomearealityinthefuture

[D]theirfantasticexpectationsabouthelicopterscouldbefulfilledby

airlinersoftoday

12.Helicoptersworkwiththeaidof.

[A]acombinationofrotatingdevicesinfrontandontop

[B]arotatingdevicetopside

[C]onerotatingfaninthecenteroftheaircraftandothersateachend

[D]arotatingfanunderneathforlifting

13.Whatissaidaboutthedevelopmentofthehelicopter?

[AJHelicoptershaveonlybeenworkedonbymansince1940.

[B]Chinesechildrenwerethefirsttoachieveflightinhelicopters.

[C]Helicopterswereconsideredmoredangerousthantheearly

airplanes.

[D]Somepeoplethoughttheywouldbecomewidelyusedbyaverage

individuals.

14.Howhastheuseofhelicoptersdeveloped?

[A]Theyhavebeenwidelyusedforvariouspurposes.

[B]Theyaretakingtheplaceofhigh-flyingjets.

[C]Theyareusedforrescuework.

[D]Theyarenowusedexclusivelyforcommercialprojects.

15.Underwhatconditionsarehelicoptersfoundtobeabsolutely

essential?

[A]Foroverseaspassengertransportation.

[B]Forextremelyhighaltitudeflights.

[C]Forhigh-speedtransportation.

[D]Forurgentmissiontoplacesinaccessibletootherkindsofcraft.

Text2

InancientGreeceathleticfestivalswereveryimportantandhadstrong

religiousassociations.TheOlympianathleticfestivalheldeveryfour

yearsinhonorofZeus,kingoftheOlympianGods,eventuallylostits

localcharacter,becamefirstanationaleventandthen,aftertherules

againstforeigncompetitorshadbeenabolished,international.Noone

knowsexactlyhowfarbacktheOlympicGamesgo,butsomeofficial

recordsdatefrom776B.C.ThegamestookplaceinAugustontheplain

byMountOlympus.Manythousandsofspectatorsgatheredfromall

partsofGreece,butnomarriedwomanwasadmittedevenasaspectator.

Slaves,womenanddishonoredpersonswerenotallowedtocompete.

Theexactsequenceofeventsuncertain,buteventsincludedboy's

gymnastics,boxing,wrestling,horseracingandfieldevents,though

therewerefewersportsinvolvedthaninthemodernOlympicGames.

OnthelastdayoftheGames,allthewinnerswerehonoredbyhavinga

ringofholyoliveleavesplacedontheirheads.Sogreatwasthehonor

thatthewinnerofthefootracegavehisnametotheyearofhisvictory.

AlthoughOlympicwinnersreceivednoprizemoney,theywere,infact,

richlyrewardedbytheirstateauthorities.Howtheirresultscompared

withmodemstandards,weunfortunatelyhavenomeansoftelling.

Afteranuninterruptedhistoryofalmost1,200years,theGameswere

suspendedbytheRomansin394A.D.Theycontinuedforsuchalong

timebecausepeoplebelievedinthephilosophybehindtheOlympics:

theideathatahealthybodyproducedahealthymind,andthatthespirit

ofcompetitioninsportsandgameswaspreferabletothecompetition

thatcausedwars.Itwasover1,500yearsbeforeanothersuch

internationalathleticgatheringtookplaceinAthensin1896.

Nowadays,theGamesareheldindifferentcountriesinturn.Thehost

countryprovidesvastfacilities,includingastadium,swimmingpools

andlivingaccommodation,butcompetingcourtierspaytheirown

athletes,expenses.

TheOlympicsstartwiththearrivalinthestadiumofatorch,lightedon

MountOlympusbythesun'srays.Itiscarriedbyasuccessionof

runnerstothestadium.Thetorchsymbolizedthecontinuationofthe

ancientGreekathleticideals,anditburnsthroughouttheGamesuntil

theclosingceremony.Thewell-knownOlympicflag,however,isa

modemconception:thefiveinterlockingringssymbolizetheunitingof

allfivecontinentsparticipatingintheGames.

16.InancientGreece,theOlympicGames.

[A]weremerelynationalathleticfestivals

[B]wereinthenatureofanationaleventwithastrongreligiouscolour

[C]hadruleswhichputforeignparticipantsinadisadvantageous

position

[D]wereprimarilynationaleventswithfewforeignparticipants

17.IntheearlydaysofancientOlympicGames.

[A]onlymaleGreekathleteswereallowedtoparticipateinthegames

[B]allGreeks,irrespectiveofsex,religionorsocialstatus,wereallowed

totakepart

[C]allGreeks,withtheexceptionofwomen,wereallowedtocompete

inGames

[DJallmaleGreekswerequalifiedtocompeteintheGames

18.TheorderofathleticeventsattheancientOlympics.

[A]hasnotdefinitelybeenestablished

[B]variedaccordingtothenumberofforeigncompetitors

[C]wasdecidedbyZeus,inwhosehonortheGameswereheld

[D]wasconsideredunimportant

19.Modemathletes5resultscannotbecomparedwiththoseofancient

runnersbecause.

[A]theGreekshadnomeansofrecordingtheresults

[B]theyaremuchbetter

[C]detailssuchasthetimewerenotrecordedinthepast

[D]theyaremuchworse

20.Nowadays,theathletes'expensesarepaidfor.

[A]outoftheprizemoneyofthewinners

[B]outofthefundsraisedbythecompetingnations

[C]bytheathletesthemselves

[D]bycontributions

Text3

Insciencethemeaningoftheword“explain“sufferswithcivilization's

everystepinsearchofreality.Sciencecannotreallyexplainelectricity,

magnetism,andgravitation;theireffectscanbemeasuredandpredicted,

butoftheirnaturenomoreisknowntothemodernscientistthanto

Thaleswhofirstlookedintothenatureoftheelectrificationofamber,a

hardyellowish-browngum.Mostcontemporaryphysicistsrejectthe

notionthatmancaneverdiscoverwhatthesemysteriousforces“really”

are.uElectricity,^^BertrandRussellsays,“isnotathing,likeSt.Paul's

Cathedral;itisawayinwhichthingsbehave.Whenwehavetoldhow

thingsbehavewhentheyareelectrified,andunderwhatcircumstances

theyareelectrified,wehavetoldallthereistoUntilrecently

scientistswouldhavedisapprovedofsuchanidea.Aristotle,forexample,

whosenaturalsciencedominatedWesternthoughtfortwothousand

years,believedthatmancouldarriveatanunderstandingofrealityby

reasoningfromself-evidentprinciples.Hefelt,forexample,thatitisa

self-evidentprinciplethateverythingintheuniversehasitsproperplace,

henceonecandeducethatobjectsfalltothegroundbecausethat's

wheretheybelong,andsmokegoesupbecausethat'swhereitbelongs.

ThegoalofAristoteliansciencewastoexplainwhythingshappen.

ModernsciencewasbornwhenGalileobegantryingtoexplainhow

thingshappenandthusoriginatedthemethodofcontrolledexperiment

whichnowformsthebasisofscientificinvestigation.

21.Theaimofcontrolledscientificexperimentsis.

[A]toexplainwhythingshappen

[B]toexplainhowthingshappen

[C]todescribeself-evidentprinciples

[DJtosupportAristotelianscience

22.Whatprinciplesmostinfluencedscientificthoughtfortwothousand

years?

[A]thespeculationsofThales

[B]theforcesofelectricity,magnetism,andgravity

[C]Aristotle'snaturalscience

[D]Galileo'sdiscoveries

23.BertrandRusselPsnotionaboutelectricityis.

[A]disapprovedofbymostmodernscientists

[B]inagreementwithAristotle'stheoryofself-evidentprinciples

[C]inagreementwithscientificinvestigationdirectedtoward"how"

thingshappen

[D]inagreementwithscientificinvestigationdirectedtoward"why"

thingshappen

24.Thepassagesaysthatuntilrecentlyscientistsdisagreedwiththeidea

[A]thattherearemysteriousforcesintheuniverse

[B]thatmancannotdiscoverwhatforces“really”are

[C]thatthereareself-evidentprinciples

[D]thatwecandiscoverwhythingsbehaveastheydo

25.Modernsciencecameintobeing.

[AJwhenthemethodofcontrolledexperimentwasfirstintroduced

[B]whenGalileosucceededinexplaininghowthingshappen

[C]whenAristotelianscientisttriedtoexplainwhythingshappen

[D]whenscientistswereabletoacquireanunderstandingofrealityof

reasoning

SectionIV:CloseTest

Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourchoices

labeled[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choosethebestoneandputyourchoicein

theANSWERSHEET.Readthewholepassagebeforemakingyour

choice.(10points)

Chequeshave_36—replacedmoneyasameansofexchangeforthey

arewidelyacceptedeverywhere.Thoughthisisveryconvenientforboth

buyerandseller,itshouldnotbeforgottenthatchequesarenotreal

money:theyarequitevaluelessinthemselves.Ashop-keeperalways

runsacertain_37—whenheacceptsachequesandheisquite_38—

hisrightsifonoccasion,herefusestodoso.

Peopledonotalwaysknowthisandareshockediftheirgoodfaithis

called_39—.Anoldandverywealthyfriendofminetoldmehehad

anextremelyunpleasantexperience.Hewenttoafamousjewelryshop

whichkeepsalarge_40—ofpreciousstonesandaskedtobeshown

somepearlnecklaces.Afterexaminingseveraltrays,hedecidedtobuya

particularlyfinestringofpearlsandaskedifhecouldpaybyCheques.

Theassistantsaidthatthiswasquite_41—butthemomentmyfriend

signedhisname,hewasinvitedintothemanager'soffice.

Themanagerwasverypolite,butheexplainedthatsomeonewith

exactlythesamenamehadpresentedthemwithaworthlessChequenot

longago.Myfriendgotveryangrywhenheheardthisandsaidhe

wouldbuyanecklacesomewhereelse.Whenhegotuptogo,the

managertoldhimthatthepolicewouldarriveatanymomentandhehad

betterstay_42—thewantedtogetintoserioustrouble.—43—,the

policearrivedsoonafterwards.Theyapologizedtomyfriendforthe

—44—,butexplainedthatapersonwhohadusedthesamenameashis

wasresponsibleforanumberofrecentrobberies.Thenthepoliceasked

myfriendtocopyoutanotewhichhadbeenusedbythethiefina

numberofshops.Thenote_45—:"Ihaveaguninmypocket.Askno

questionsandgivemeallthemoneyinthesafe."Fortunately,my

friend'shandwritingwasquiteunlikethethief's.Hewasnotonly

allowedtogowithoutfurtherdelay,buttotakethestringofpearlswith

him.

36.[A]exactly

[B]really

[C]largely

[D]thoroughly

37.[A]danger

[B]chance

[C]risk

[D]opportunity

38.[A]within

[B]beyond

[C]without

[D]outof

39.[A]indifficulty

[B]indoubt

[C]inearnest

[D]inquestion

40.[A]amount

[B]stock

[C]number

[D]store

41.[A]inorder

[B]inneed

[C]inuse

[D]incommon

42.[A]whether

[B]if

[C]otherwise

[D]unless

43.[A]Really

[B]Sureenough

[C]Certainly

[D]However

44.[A]treatment

[B]manner

[C]inconvenience

[D]behaviour

45.[A]read

[B]told

[C]wrote

[D]informed

SectionVIII:English-ChineseTranslation

Directions:

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Onlytheunderlined

sentencesaretobetranslated.(20points)

Havetherealwaysbeencities?(71)Lifewithoutlargeurbanareasmay

seeminconceivabletous,butactuallycitiesarerelativelyrecent

development.Groupswithprimitiveeconomicsstillmanagewithout

them.Thetrend,however,isforsuchgroupstodisappear,whilecities

areincreasinglybecomingthedominantmodeofman'ssocialexistence.

(72)Historically,citylifehasalwaysbeenamongtheelementswhich

formacivilization.Anyhighdegreeofhumanendeavorand

achievementhasbeencloselylinkedtolifeinanurbanenvironment.(73)

Itisvirtuallyimpossibletoimaginethatuniversities,hospitals,large

businessesorevenscienceandtechnologycouldhavecomeintobeing

withoutcitiestosupportthem.Tomostpeople,citieshavetraditionally

beentheareaswheretherewasaconcentrationofcultureaswellasof

opportunity.(74)Inrecentyears,however,peoplehavebeguntobecome

awarethatcitiesarealsoareaswherethereisaconcentrationof

problems.WhathashappenedtothemodernAmericancity?Actually,

theproblemisnotsuchanewone.Longbeforethiscenturystarted,

therehadbegunatrendtowardtheconcentrationofthepoorofthe

Americansocietyintothecities.Eachgreatwaveofimmigrationfrom

abroadandfromtheruralareasmadetheproblemworse.Duringthis

century,therehasalsobeenthedevelopmentoflargesuburbanareas

surroundingthecities,fortherichprefertoliveintheseareas.Within

thecities,sectionsmaybesharplydividedintohighandlowrent

districts,the“rightsideoftown^^andtheslums.

Ofcourse,everyonewantstodosomethingaboutthisunhappysituation.

Butthereisnoagreementastogoals.Neitheristhereanysystematic

approachorintegratedprogram.Opinionsareasdiverseasthepeople

whogivethem.(75)Butonebasicdifferenceofopinionconcernsthe

questionofwhetherornotthecityassuchistobepreserved.Perhaps

transportationandthemeansofcommunicationhavereallymadeit

possiblefortheretobeanendtothebigcities.Ofcourse,thereisthe

problemofpersuadingpeopletomoveoutofthemoftheirownfreewill.

(76)Andthereisalsotheobjectionthatthecityhasalwaysbeenthecore

fromwhichculturaladvancementhasradiated.Isthis,however,stillthe

casetodayinthepresenceofeasytransportationandcommunication?

Doescultureariseasaresultofpeoplelivingtogethercommunally,oris

ittootheresultofdecisionsmadeatthelevelofgovernmentandthe

communicationsindustry?

Itisprobablytruetosaythatmostpeopleprefertopreservethecities.

Somethinkthatthecitiescouldbecleaneduportotallyrebuilt.Thisis

easytosay;itwouldnotbesoeasytodo.(77)Tobesure,agreat

rebuildingprojectwouldgivejobstomanyofthosepeoplewhoneed

them.Livingconditionscouldnothelpbutimprove,atleastforawhile.

Butwouldtheproblemsreturnaftertherebuildingwascompleted?

Ne