熱點02社會生活及個人經歷閱讀理解之完形填空題上海中考英語完形填空以記敘文或夾敘夾議為主，主題語境包括人與自我，人與社會，人與自然。完形填空旨在全面考查考生英語基礎知識，閱讀理解能力，和綜合運用語言的能力完形填空的命題原則是“以實詞為主，虛詞為輔，突出詞匯語境化”能夠掌握足夠的詞匯量，正確運用詞類和詞語的正確搭配。具有一定的語言運用能力，綜合分析能力和詞匯辨析能力、閱讀理解能力、邏輯推理和判斷能力，歸納能力。1..扎實的語法、詞匯、短語、慣用法等英語固定搭配的知識。特別是英語詞匯意義和用法的辨析能力。在閱讀中捕捉記憶相關信息的能力。2.分析認識文章結構，理解領會文章各部分、各層次之間邏輯關系的能力。4.邏輯思維能力。特別是總結概括、推理判斷和分析歸納的能力。包括情景推理判斷、常識推理判斷、逆向推理判斷及比較推理判斷等。

1.語義優先于語法原則文章的開頭部分尤其是第一句話不設空格，它起到的作用是對所選短文的題材和可能涉及的內容作簡單的介紹或提示，并且單純的語法題已從該題型中逐漸消失。如果一味按照語法規則來選擇答案，就必定陷入了答題誤區。2.詞內選項句內找原則四個選擇項要么都是詞義相近的名詞單數或復數，要么都是近義動詞的同一時態等，只能根據上下文的語境作出正確的選擇。如果提供的四個選擇項詞義相差懸殊，則上文或下文肯定有答題提示，有時第一個空格要讀完全文才能回答。【應試技巧】1.快速弄清文章大意對于此類文章我們結合選擇項，進行粗讀或略讀,對文章的大意要先有一個大體的了解。說明文往往生詞較多，而題材又比較廣泛，所以閱讀時，首先要能夠掌握文章的大意。2.弄清楚說明的順序把握了說明順序，就能準確把握文章的脈絡，加強對整篇文章的理解。3.把握文章的組織結構，理清事實細節把握語篇特征對理解文意與答題極為有利。說明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表達清楚的、邏輯比較嚴密的短文。在閱讀這類文章時，我們一定要仔細研讀文章的開頭和結尾，從主題句著手，找出支持句，然后尋找文章的結論。這時，我們還要特別注意，不要被表面的一些細節所迷惑，我們在理解細節的基礎上，還要斟酌文字的內涵意義，從而對文章進行深層次的理解。4.注重上下文語境應逐句精讀短文，逐題分析選項，對特定的語境作深入的理解，克服"思維定勢"，根據全文大意和詞不離句、句不離文的原則逐項填空。一、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當的選項完成短文)GloriaisafamoushostessofaTVstation.Whenshewas15,shehappenedtowalkintoabookstoreinherhometownandbeganlookingatthebooksontheshelves.Themanbehindthecounter,JohnSmith,askedifshe’dlikeajob.Sheneededtostart1forcollege,soshesaidyes.Gloriaworkedafterschoolandduringsummerholidays,andthejobhelpedpayforherfirstyearofcollege.Duringcollegeshewoulddomanyotherjobs:sheservedcoffeeinthestudentunion,andshewasahotelcleanerandevenmademapsfortheForestService.But2bookswasoneofthemostsatisfyingjobs.OnedayawomancameintothebookstoreandaskedGloriaforbooksoncancer.Thewomanseemedupset.Gloriashowedherpracticallyeverythingtheyhadandfoundotherbookstheycouldorder.Thewomanleftthestore3,andGloriahasalwaysrememberedtheprideshefeltinhavinghelpedhercustomers.Yearslater,asatelevisionhostess,Gloriaheardofachildwhowasbornwithproblemswithhisfingersandhand.Hisfamilycouldnot4anoperation,andtheboylivedinshame,hidinghishandinhispocketallthetime.Gloriapersuaded(說服)herbosstoagreetoletherdothestory.Afterthestorywasbroadcast,somedoctorscalled,offeringtoperformtheoperation5.Gloriavisitedtheboyinthehospitalaftertheoperation.Thefirstthinghedidwastoraisehisrepairedhandandsay,“Thankyou.”WhatasweetsenseofsatisfactionGloriafelt!AtSmith’sbookstore,Gloriaalwaysrealizedshewasworkingforthecustomers,notthestore.Todayit’sthesame.TheTVstationpaysher,butshefeelsthatsheshouldworkforthepeoplewhowatchtheprogrammes,helpingthemunderstandthe6better.1．A．saving B．studying C．surveying D．making2．A．borrowing B．lending C．reading D．selling3．A．moreexcited B．lessworried C．quiteinterested D．verysurprised4．A．do B．offer C．afford D．give5．A．inreturn B．onbusiness C．withpleasure D．forfree6．A．TVstation B．hostesses C．world D．operation二、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當的選項完成短文)Emilywasateenagerandlivedwithherparents.Sheandherbestfriend,Kim,foundoutthattheirfavoritebandwouldgiveaconcertintheirtownonFridaynight.Theyreallywantedtogo,buttheydidn’tthinktheirparentswouldagree.EmilyexplainedtoherparentsthatshewantedtogototheconcertwithKim,buttheythoughtthatshewastooyoungtogowithout7.EmilytoldKimthatshecouldnotgototheconcert,butherfriend’sanswerwasareal8toEmily.KimtoldhermumshewouldstudywithfriendsonFriday.“Ireallydonotwanttobedishonestwithmyparents,”Emilytoldherfriend.“Oh,9actinglikealittlekid!Everyonelies,”Kimreplied.ButEmilywasnotsosure.Shethoughtthathonestywasveryimportant.Emilyneverfeltcomfortablelying,andherparentsalwaystoldherthatitwaswrong.OnThursday,KiminvitedEmilyovertoherhousetowatchamovieafterschool.Whentheygotthere,Kimandhermothergotintoafight.EmilyrealizedthatKimliedtohermother10andhermotherdidnottrusther.Emilyhadtogobackhome.Asshewalkedhome,sherememberedthatKimalwaystoldherhowterribleherrelationshipwithhermotherwas.Kimthoughthermotherdidnotunderstandher,butEmilythoughtmaybeKim’smotherwasjust11Kimbeingdishonestwithher.Emilydecidedshewouldnotlietoherparentsabouttheconcert.Therewouldbelotsofconcertsinthefuture,buttheyweretheonlyParentsshewouldeverhave.Sheknewitwasbettertohonorthemandhelpthembecauseherparentstrustedher,letherdo12ofthethingsthatshewantedtodo,andshereallypreferreditthatway.7．A．teachers B．friends C．adults D．relatives8．A．promise B．impression C．experience D．surprise9．A．continue B．stop C．enjoy D．hate10．A．allthetime B．atthesametime C．forthetimebeing D．aheadoftime11．A．fondof B．satisfiedwith C．usedto D．tiredof12．A．none B．few C．most D．all三、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當的選項完成短文)Teenagersliveverybusylivesnowandoftenforgettothinkabouttheirdietsandexercise.Infact,healthydietalongwithregularexerciseistheonlywaytokeepfit.Duringyourteenageyears,givingyourbodytheenergythatitneedsis13.Teenagegirlsneedabout2,200calories(千卡熱量)adaywhileboysneedabit14—doctorssuggest2,800forteenageboys.50%ofyourcaloriesshouldcome15rice,bread,vegetablesandfruit.You16needtodrinkalotofwater,6to8glassesaday.Drinkingenoughwaterwillimproveyourskinandgiveyouhealthyhair.Exerciseissomethingthatcanhelpyou.17,itcanmakeyoulookgood,feelgoodandbehealthy.Expertssuggestthatteenagersshouldspendatleast30minutesexercising,fivetimesaweek.Whenyouexercise,yourbodyproducessomethingthatmakesyoufeelrelaxed.Itcanevenhelpyou18betteratnightandletyoupaymoreattentionwhenyoustudy!13．A．important B．hard C．difficult D．comfortable14．A．less B．fewer C．more D．much15．A．from B．for C．to D．into16．A．but B．only C．hardly D．also17．A．Asif B．Like C．Suchas D．Forexample18．A．wake. B．sleep C．move D．laugh四、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當的選項完成短文)WealwayscelebratedDad’sbirthdayonThanksgivingDayevenafterheenteredanursinghome.Whenweknewitmightbehislastbirthday,thewholefamilydecidedto19forahugebirthdaycelebrationatthenursinghome.Dadwasagoodstorytellerandwewerealwayshislisteners.Duringaquietmoment,Iannounceditwasnos.Dad’sturntolistentosomestoriesfora20.IwantedeveryonetotellDadwhatwelovedabouthim.Theroombecamequiet.Thenoneafteranother,peopletoldstoriesfromtheirhearts,whileDad21withtearsineyes.Peoplerecalledkindsofstories—storiesaboutwhentheywerelittle,storiesaboutwhenDadwasyoung,andstoriesthatsharedfamilytreasures.Everyoneseemedtohavemorethanonestory.Eventhelittlegrandchildrencouldn’twaittotellDadwhytheylovedhim.Foramanwhohadbeenkindtosomanyhundredsofpeopleinhislife,herewasourchancetotellhimhowmuchwelovehim.Afewmonthslater,atDad’smemorialservice,wemorefully22whatwehadgiventoDadthatnight.Thosearethestoriespeoplenormallytellatafuneral(葬禮)afteralovedoneisnolongeralivetohearthewords.Theytellstoriesfulloftears.23wehadgiventhosememoriestoDadinhislife,andwehadtoldthemthroughlaughter,togetherwithhugsandjoy.Hehadthemtoholdandenjoyedthemfromtimetotimeinhismindduringhislastdaysandmonths.Wordsdomatter,andtheyare24.Wejustneedtosaythempubliclytotheoneswelove.That’sthewaystogivebackloveandthat’sourchancetocelebrateapersoninhisorherlife.19．A．dressup B．eatout C．gettogether D．havefun20．A．change B．choice C．break D．business21．A．confused B．listened C．expected D．cheered22．A．complained B．imagined C．hoped D．realized23．A．Again B．Even C．But D．Just24．A．interesting B．enough C．funny D．simple五、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當的選項完成短文)Itwasyearbook(學校年刊)dayandweweregivenanhourtosigneachother’syearbookinthe

cafeteria(自助餐廳).IwaspresidentoftheclassandIplayedsports.WhenIsatdownatatable,peoplestartedtocomeovertogettheiryearbookssignedandtosignmine.Amongthem,aweakboywithuglyteethandthickglasseskeptshaking.Ihadseenhimaround,andIknewhewasalways25.Hedidn’tseemsureofhimself,andwassopalethatithurtustolookathim.Hecameupandaskedme26,“Canyousignthis?”IlookhisyearbookbutIdidn’tknowwhattowrite.Isawthattherewasthename“RickySanders”writtenonthefrontofit.SoIwrote:Ricky.Ithinkyou’reareallynicekid,andIhopeyouhavelotsoffuninyoursummervacation.Signature:Will(Signyournamehere)IputdowntheyearbookandturnedaroundtogetsomesignaturesfromsomeofmyfriendswhenInoticedmyyearbookwasgone.IsawthatRickyhadsatdownwithmyyearbook.“Whatareyoudoing?”Iaskedhim.Helookedupcalmlyand27said“Sign!”Myfriendslaughedloudlyatonce,andIsawthathewascarefullytryingtoputasignatureinmyyearbook.Hehadn’tevenfinishedthe“R”yet.Ithoughtforawhileand28tolethimsign.IttookhimnearlyfiveminutestosignandwhenIgotmyyearbookback,therewasaveryshaky“RICKY”.Hehuggedhisyearbookandsmiled.Icouldn’thelpbutsmilebackathim.Inthatmoment,myattitude(態度)changedcompletely.Igavehimahighfiveandsuddenly29atmytablewantedhissignature.Hewasaskedpolitelytowriteintheiryearbooksandthesignaturepagesofhisyearbookwerefiledup.Hewassmilingsobigthatitlitupthewholeroom.Ichangedschoolsthenextyear,andIneversawRickyagain.30,Iwillneverforgetthedaythathebecamethemostpopularguyinschool.WheneverI’msad,Istilllookbackatthatyearbook.25．A．laughedat B．lookedafter C．dependedon D．wakenup26．A．happily B．sadly C．nervously D．clearly27．A．still B．ever C．even D．just28．A．decided B．meant C．began D．prepared29．A．nobody B．anyone C．everyone D．someone30．A．Inaddition B．However C．Asaresult D．Finally一、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當的選項完成短文)Doyoueverfindyourselfdoingsomethingwithoutthinkingaboutit?Wedolotsofthingsautomatically,outofhabitratherthanforanygoodreason.Learningto1healthynewhabitscanhelpyoutoreachyourgoals.Ahabitissomethingyoudooften,almostwithoutthinking.Scientistssaythathabitsareformedinthebrainandincludeacause,actionandareward.IfyouhaveahabitofwatchingTVwhenyougethomefromschool,thecausewouldbecomehomefromschool;the2isturningontheTV;andtheremightbethehappy,relaxedfeelingfromwatchingyourfavoriteprogram.Thisgoodfeelingmakesyouwanttodothesamethingafterschoolthenextdaytoo,andovertimeitcanbecomeahabit.Turningsomethingintoahabitmeansyoudon’thaveto3it,whichisgoodnewswhenit’shealthy.Goodhabitscanhelpguardagainstbadonestoo,suchasworrying.Scientistsbelievethatnearlyhalfofeverythingwedoeverydayisoutofhabit,soforming4habitsisalsoagreatwaytohelpyoutoreachyourgoals.DrRadhaModgilnotesthatit’simportanttothinkaboutwhyyouwanttochange.“What5doyouwanttoachieve,andhowareyougoingtodoit?”sheasks.Whenit’stimetobegin,“Trythe1%idea,whereeverydayyouimproveorchange6by1%.Thatwayyoustarttoseeprogressandyou’renotputoffbyfailure”.Rememberthatformingnewhabitsisn’talwayseasybutitwillbeworthitintheend.“Changinghabitscanchangeyourlife”,saysModgil.1．A．observe B．create C．enrich D．control2．A．action B．solution C．stress D．thought3．A．lookup B．dependon C．thinkabout D．completewith4．A．patient B．wonderful C．unusual D．helpful5．A．exactly B．completely C．luckily D．directly6．A．anything B．everything C．something D．nothing二、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當的選項完成短文)It’scommontowondersometimes,“Whatifsomethingturnsoutbadly?”It’simportanttounderstandthatideaandmanageitsothatyoudon’tgetstuckintheworry.Worryingaboutthefutureisa7partoflife.Fromtimetotime,everyonewonderswhatwouldhappenifsomethingdoesn’tgotoplan:“WhatifImakeamistake?”or“Whatifeveryone8me?”These“what-if”worriesfocusonanegativeresult.Whenyouspendalotoftimeworryingaboutbadthingsthatcouldhappen,you’reimaginingthatthefuturecouldbea(n)9.Spendingalotoftimethinkingabout“what-if”makesyoufeelanxious(焦慮的)andworried.Forexample,youmightfeelupsetanditcanmakeithardtofocusonwhatyou’redoing.Therearedifferentwaysyoucanhelpyourself.AngelaMcMillansuggestscreatingan“if/then”plan.Shesays,“Forexample,Ifyouhavetostandupinfrontoftheclass,Thenyouwilltakesomedeepbreathsand10yourselfyouhavepreparedandyou’reOK,orIfthesocialeventisreallynoisyandyoufeeluncomfortable,Thenyoucanstepoutsideforafewminutes.“Youcanalsoaskyourselfhowlikelyitisto11happen.McMillanpointsoutthatmostworriesneverhappen.“Remembertheyarejustthoughtsandthebravestthingwecandoistonotlettheworry12.“shesays.Trytofocusyourattentiononwhatyou’redoing.Gettingangrywithyourselfwillmakeyoufeelworse,sobekindtoyourself.7．A．normal B．dramatic C．pleasant D．simple8．A．dependson B．believesin C．laughsat D．learnsfrom9．A．adventure B．surprise C．goal D．disaster10．A．help B．understand C．judge D．remind11．A．actually B．exactly C．certainly D．immediately12．A．arrive B．win C．end D．think三、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當的選項完成短文)ShouldpeoplewalkwheretheywantInmostofEngland,walkersarelimitedtofootpaths.Morethan100musicians,actorsandwriterswrotetotheUKgovernment,“Inthebookswewrite,thesongswesing,theartwemake,wecelebratetheimportantconnectionthatwefeelwithnature.Butthatconnectionis13bythefencesthatsurround(圍繞)muchofEngland’sland,stoppingpeoplefromwalkingfree.”Althoughin2000,alawwaspassedtoallowpeopletowalkaround8%ofEngland’scountryside.Somepeoplesaythisisn’tgoodenough.Otherspointoutthattherearebusinessesthatneedtokeepthelandprivate.Whatdoyouthink?Shouldpeoplebeallowedtowalkwherevertheylike?YES!—NaturebelongstoeveryoneNowadaysitisimportantforpeopletotakeawalkoutdoors—fortheirmentalandphysicalhealth.Itencouragespeopleandbringsthem14andrelaxation.Yetthisspaceisnotenoughandisnowsurroundedbyfences.Togetclosertonature,mostpeoplehavetotravelformiles.Everyoneshouldbeabletogetclosetonature15.Bluesky,flyingbirdsandgreentree-linedpathsshouldnotbelongtoanyprivateorganizationorperson.Butthetruthisthatsuchasmallnumberofpeopleownsuchhugeamountsofland.AmongeveryeightBritishhouses,onehasnogardens.Thisisn’t16.NO!—ThewalkingpathsareenoughThelandisn’tjustforpeople’senjoymentorhealth.Formanypeople,itmeansfamily’swhole-yearincome.17,farmersneedfieldstokeeptheiranimals,likesheeporbulls,foraliving.Also,itisn’tsafeforwalkerstowalkaroundbecausethelandmayhavemanyhidden18suchaswetlandsandsnakes.Moreover,walkersdonotalwaysshowtheirrespect.Theyleavegatesopen,littereverywhere,scareoffbirdsandstandoverplants.Infact,manypeoplearenotreallylookingforaconnectionwiththewild.Theyjustwantashortwalkwiththenicescenery.Thegovernmentshouldfocusonmakingpathsforwalkersandleavetherestofthelandalone.13．A．rebuilt B．blocked C．linked D．supported14．A．pleasure B．progress C．wisdom D．reference15．A．faithfully B．carefully C．safely D．easily16．A．common B．flexible C．fair D．guilty17．A．Afterall B．Forexample C．What’smore D．Asaresult18．A．memories B．enemies C．secrets D．dangers四、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當的選項完成短文)Manyteensaren’tgettingenoughsleep.AccordingtoaU.S.survey,morethanoneinfiveteenshavedifficultyfallingasleeporstayingasleep.Here,some19experts(專家)areofferingtipstohelpteensgetabetternight’ssleep.SonalMalhotraSmallchangescanoftenmakeabigdifference.Trychangingonebadsleephabitatatime.Forexample,20havingabigmealclosetobedtimeormakesureyourroomisdarkandcomfortable.It’snotpossibletochangeeverythingallatonce.Ifyoucanchangeonehabitevenseveralnightsaweek,that’sgreat.LisaDamourWehaveplentyofresearchshowinghowdamagingtechnologyistosleep.Noone—childrenoradults—shouldhaveaphoneintheirbedroomatnight.Ifthat’stoohardforyou,youcanstartwithsomeeasierwaysto21thedamageofnighttimescreentime.Passiveuse,likewatchingashow,isbetterthanactiveuse,likegaming.JudithOwensManyofyouliketogetuplate22.Thiscanaffectyourweekdaysleep.OnSundaynight,youhaven’tbeenawakelongenoughtofallasleepattherighttime.You’llthenhavetroublegettingupforschoolonMondaymorning.Thenyourwholesleepschedulejustgetsoutof23.DaveAndersonLikeadults,someteensmayhavealotof24ontheirminds:“Oh,no!Istillhavesomuchworktodo.IfIdon’tgetenoughsleep,I’llfailmytesttomorrow!”Ifyouareoneoftheseteens,trykeepingadiary.Writedownwhatyoudidtodayandwhatyouplantodotomorrow.Youcanalsojustwriteaboutyourworries.Itcanhelpyougetridofthem.19．A．computer B．insurance C．health D．gardening20．A．avoid B．enjoy C．finish D．keep21．A．cause B．compare C．r