譯林版（2024）七年級下冊U1grammar數詞講解及練習知識導圖數詞的主要功能基數詞與其序數詞分數【數詞】分數、倍數與次數倍數基數詞的常見考點次數序數詞的常見考點知識1數詞概述一、數詞的主要功能數詞有基數詞（在課本單詞表中標記為num.）和序數詞兩種。基數詞用于計數，序數詞用于表示位置或順序。從語法特征上看,基數詞和序數詞均可以放于名詞前作限定詞（如twoboys和thefirsttime）,單獨使用時則類似于代詞的用法（如“I’lltakethree,please.”和“Hewasthefirsttoarrive.”）;序數詞有時也可作副詞,用于修飾動詞或銜接句子（如“Whocamefirstintherace?”和“First,Ihadtodecidewhattowear.“）。二、基數詞與其序數詞1.數字0（零）的表達方式:zero、nought、nil或字母0（說號碼等時表示）Amillioniswrittenasaonefollowedbysixzeros（zeroes/noughts）.一百萬寫作一后面跟著六個零。noughtpointsevenfive（英式口語）0.75ManUnitedwonthegamethreenil.（英式英語）曼聯三比零贏了比賽。Mynumberissixodoublethree.我的號碼是6033。2.100以內的基數詞與其序數詞數基數詞序數詞數基數詞序數詞數基數詞序數詞數基數詞序數詞1onefirst11eleveneleventh21twentyonetwentyfirst2twosecond12twelvetwelfth20twenty在基數詞的基礎上,將y變i加eth(如twentieth)22twentytwotwentysecond3threethird13thirteen在基數詞的基礎上,在teen后加th(如fifteenth)30thirty33thirtythreethirtythird4fourfourth14fourteen40forty44fortyfourfortyfourth5fivefifth15fifteen50fifty55fiftyfivefiftyfifth6sixsixth16sixteen60sixty66sixtysixsixtysixth7sevenseventh17seventeen70seventy77seventysevenseventyseventh8eighteighth18eighteen80eighty88eightyeighteightyeighth9nineninth19nineteen90ninetyninetynineninetyninth10tententh100onehundredonehundredth基數詞變序數詞口訣：123單獨記，結尾tdd,th四加起，8去t,，9去e，5和12好兄弟，ve要用f替，整十把y變為ieth，如果遇到幾十幾，只變個位就可以。3.100以上的基數詞與其序數詞數基數詞序數詞(只變化最后一位非零數字)101onehundredandoneonehundredandfirst123onehundredandtwentythree…andtwentythird1,000onethousandonethousandth12,345twelvethousand,threehundredandfortyfive…andfortyfifth100,000onehundredthousandonehundredthousandth1,000,000onemilliononemillionth12,345,678twelvemillion,threehundredandfortyfivethousand,sixhundredandseventyeight…andseventyeighth1,000,000,000onebilliononebillionth12,345,678,910twelvebillion,threehundredandfortyfivemillion,sixhundredandseventyeightthousand,ninehundredandten…andtenth注：三位數的讀法：基數詞+and+幾十幾或者基數詞+and+幾四位及以上數字的讀法：從右向左三逗開，一“,”千(thousand)，二“,”百萬(million)，三“,”十億(billion)三、基數詞的常見用法1.表示概數hundreds/thousands/millionsof數百/千/百萬2.表示時刻、年月、世紀等fiveten/tenpastfive五點十分 nineteenninetyeight1998年June20242024年6月 twentycentury20世紀3.表示年齡、時間、距離、長度等Theyhaveaneightmontholdbaby.他們有個八個月大的孩子。（此類復合形容詞只作定語）Thisbuildingis100metrestall.這棟樓一百米高。（此類詞組常作表語）4.表示時間段和年齡段thenineteenforties（1940s/1940’s）20世紀40年代inone'sfifties在某人五十多歲時5.表示編號Class8,Grade9九年級八班Room802802室No.1MiddleSchool第一中學四、序數詞的常見用法1.序數詞通常前面要加定冠詞the，除非前面已有形容詞性物主代詞Thesixthgirlontheleftismycousin.左邊第六個女孩是我的表妹。Istillremembermyfirstdayofschool.我仍然記得我上學的第一天。2.“不定冠詞+序數詞”表示“又一，再一”TheyhaveasecondhomeinItaly.他們在意大利還有一個家。3.年、月、日中“日”的表達方法onMay13th,20134.“the/形容詞性物主代詞+序數詞（+n.）+todosth.“表示”第幾個做某事（的人/事物）Heisalwaysthefirsttogettoschool.他總是第一個到學校。知識2分數、倍數與次數一、分數的表達(口訣：子基母序，分子大于1，分母加s)分數的表達:分子是基數詞或a,分母是序數詞或half/quarter。如果分子大于1,序數詞要用復數。1/2a/onehalf1/3a/onethird(或onethird)1/4a/onequarter(或a/onefourth)3/4threequarters/threefourths二、倍數詞與倍數表達1.倍數詞的構成:兩倍是twice,其他均由"數詞+times"組成,如threetimes。（不存在"一倍"的說法,"多一倍"即是兩倍）2.常見的倍數結構（1）倍數詞+as+形容詞或副詞原級+as;（2）倍數詞+形容詞或副詞比較級（如greater,longer,faster）+than;（3）倍數詞+the+width/length/breadth/size/…of表達"這個房間是廚房的兩倍。":（1）Theroomistwiceaslargeasthekitchen.（2）Theroomistwicelargerthanthekitchen.（3）Theroomistwicethesizeofthekitchen.三、次數的表達次數的表達:once"一次"、twice"兩次",其他均由"數詞+times"組成（均作副詞使用）。Icalledyoutwice.我給你打了兩次。數詞專項練習一、單項選擇()1.Eachyear,_____fishesarekilledbythepollutedwaterandmanypeoplearemadesickbythepollutedair.Soweshoulddosomethingtostopit!A.millionofB.millionsofC.twomillionsD.twomillionsof()2.MyfatherjoinedthePartyin_____whenhewasin_____.A.1950's;twenties B.the1950's;histwentiesC.the1950's;thetwenties D.1950's;thetwenties()3.______oftheteachersintheschoolis300,_____ofthemarewomenteachers.A.Thenumber;firstfourth B.Thenumber;onefourthC.Anumber;onesecond D.Anumber;threequarters()4.Inthepasttwoyears,manytallbuildingshavebeenbuiltinourcity.Thetallestisan_____thatstandsinthecenter.A.80floorbuilding B.60floorbuildingC.80floorbuildings D.70floorsbuilding()5.______ofthelandinthatdistrict_____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifths;isB.Twofifth;areC.Twofifth;isD.Twofifths;are()6._____ofthestudentsinourclass_____moneyforthedisabledpeoplenow.A.Twothird;areraising B.Twothirds;israisingC.Twothree;areraising D.Twothirds;areraising()7.Howwasyourweekend?Great!Itwasmygrandfather’s_____birthday.Weenjoyedourselves.A.seventy B.seventieth C.theseventieth D.seventeenth()8.Now,everyone,pleaseturntoPage_____andlookatthe______picture.A.Twelve;fifth B.Twelfth;fifth C.Twelve;five D.Twelfth;five()9.______volunteerswillgiveoutleafletstoaskpeopletoprotectthewetlands.A.Twohundreds B.Hundredsof C.Twohundredof D.Hundredof()10.Thevolunteerssent_____bookstoamountainvillageschoolonChildren’sDay.A.twohundredsofB.twohundredof C.twohundreds D.twohundred()11.Tony'smumlooksyoungandbeautiful.It’shardtoimaginesheisalreadyinher_____.A.fifties B.fifty C.fiftieths D.fiftieth()12.Mum,_______ofmyclassmates______glasses.Oh,myGod.Youneedtoprotectyoureyeswell.A.threefourths;wears B.threefourth;wearC.threefourth;wears D.threefourths;wear()13.–Excuseme,howdoesthisnumber20,135read? –Itreads.A.twentythousandsonehundredandthirtyfiveB.twentythousandonehundredthirtyfiveC.twentythousandonehundredandthirtyfiveD.twentythousandsonehundredthirtyfive()14.Theboycandanceandsingwell.A.fouryearsold B.fouryears’old C.fouryearold D.fouryearsold()15.–Whataretheydiscussing?Themeetinghaslastedfor.–Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.twohourandhalf B.twoandahalfhours C.twoandhalfanhour D.twoandahalfhour()16.Ihavefailedthreetimes,butI’lltrytime.A.other B.theother C.thefourth D.afourth()17.–Whatisonefourthandahalf,doyouknow?–Yes,it’s.A.twosixths B.onethree C.threesixths D.threefourths()18.Shelivesintheroom.A.twelvefeetwideandfifteenfeetlong B.twelvefootwideandfifteenfootlongC.twelvefootwideandfifteenfootlong D.twelvefootswideandfifteenfootslong()19.Heisaboy.Thatistosay,heis.A.fiveyearold,fiveyearold B.fiveyearold,fiveyearsoldC.fiveyearsold,fiveyearsold D.fiveyearsold,fiveyearold()20.It’ssaidthat_______ofthewateraroundtheworld_______polluted.(2013黃石)twothird;has B.twothirds;haveC.twothird;are D.twothirds;is二、詞匯運用1.Thisisthe______（第三）timethatIhavebeeninNanjing.2.Hewasborninthe______（ninety）ofthenineteenthcentury.3.Inthe______（nine）centuryinChinawehadpapermoneyforthefirsttime.4.Inhis_____（eighty）,I.M.PeidesignedSuzhouMuseumforhishometown.5.Recently,thereareabout12______（千）pethospitalsinChina,andmanypeoplechoosesmallanimaltreatmentasacareer.6.Thesurvey,carriedoutintheschool,showsthree______（five）oftheteacherswearglasses.7.ToniMorrisonisconsideredasoneofthebestwritersofthe______（二十）century.8.AdocumentaryaboutYanchengwetlandswasshownatthe______（eight）NiceInternationalFilmFestival.9.Inthefirsthalfofthisyear,thereare______（四十）twinsamongallthenewbornbabiesinthathospital.10.Heseemstohavea_______（第六）senseforknowingthathisbrotherwillwin.三、完成句子1李平昨晚花了半個小時做功課。_________________LiPing_______________________tofinishhishomeworklastnight.他在第35中學就讀。Hestudiesat__________________________________.他有好幾百本書，但大多束之高閣。Hehas________________booksbutmostofthemarehungbythewall.六歲的孩子就能上學。Achildcangotoschool_________________________________________.據說這是大本鐘第四次停止運轉了。Itissaidthatthisis_______________timetheBigBenhasstoppedrunning.國慶節這天，成千上萬的人去天安門廣場觀看升國旗儀式。OnNationalDay,________________peoplegotoTian’anmenSquareandwatchthenationalflaggoup.他家的日常開支占總收入的30%。Theyeverydayexpensemakesup_______________ofthetotalineofhisfamily.我相信他一定會贏得百米賽跑。I’msurehecanwinthe__________race.在足球比賽中，九個隊員是不夠的