四選一閱讀專題一匯報人：推理判斷題題型201推理判斷是指在理解原文字面意思的基礎(chǔ)上，通過對語篇邏輯關(guān)系的分析和細節(jié)的推敲，作出一定的判斷和推理，從而理解文章的深層含義的過程。推理判斷題主要考查考生分析上下文邏輯關(guān)系的能力以及邏輯推理能力。題目所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是某幾句話，要求考生在理解原文意思的基礎(chǔ)上，對文章字面信息進行分析、挖掘、邏輯推理，從而揭示其深層含義。縱觀近幾年高考真題，推斷隱含信息、觀點態(tài)度、寫作意圖為高頻考點，而推斷文章出處/類型、讀者對象、后續(xù)內(nèi)容和寫作手法為低頻考點。隱含信息推斷題要求考生根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，推斷具體細節(jié)，如時間、地點、人物關(guān)系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根據(jù)語篇提供的信息，或者借助語境進行推理判斷。考生只有正確把握文章的邏輯關(guān)系，理解關(guān)鍵詞句的真正含義，才能作出準確的推斷。一般此類題干中主要包括六個動詞：infer(推斷)，indicate(表明，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，conclude(推斷出)和assume(假定，設想)。設問方式主要有：Whatcanwelearnfrom...inparagraph...？Whatcanbeinferredfromthe...paragraph？Whatcanweinferfrom...？Whatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioning...inparagraph...？Whatcanbeinferredabout...?考向1隱含信息推斷題(2024·全國甲，C片段)Russia’spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem，particularlyinthepoorer，ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver，includingarrangingdoctor’sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.29.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3aboutKrasnoyarsk？設問方向：就第三段內(nèi)容對Krasnoyarsk的情況進行推斷A.Itisheavilypopulated. B.Itofferstrainingfordoctors.C.Itisamoderncity. D.Itneedsmedicalaid.關(guān)鍵信息1關(guān)鍵信息2題干關(guān)鍵詞[1]原文關(guān)鍵詞＝題干關(guān)鍵詞典例剖析[2]分析關(guān)鍵信息的字面意思：關(guān)鍵信息1：政府一直在努力提出推動醫(yī)療服務現(xiàn)代化的措施,關(guān)鍵信息2：擴大財政援助計劃以激勵醫(yī)生到像Krasnoyarsk這樣的偏遠地區(qū)行醫(yī)[3]推測并整合關(guān)鍵信息的隱含意思：整合關(guān)鍵信息可知，在俄羅斯，像Krasnoyarsk這樣的偏遠地區(qū)存在很多醫(yī)療問題，政府一直努力解決，加大財政援助并鼓勵醫(yī)生去行醫(yī)，可推斷Krasnoyarsk急需醫(yī)療救助。對比選項知D項正確。技法歸納A(2024·新課標Ⅱ，C片段)BMFemployeesliveout①sustainabilityintheireverydaylives.Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork.Insidetheoffice，theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle-useplastic.“Weare②passionateaboutreducingwaste，carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment，”saidaBMFemployee.1.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutBMFemployees?A.Theyhaveagreatpassionforsports.B.Theyaredevotedtocommunityservice.C.Theyarefondofsharingdailyexperiences.D.Theyhaveastrongenvironmentalawareness.√即時演練推理判斷題。根據(jù)BMFemployees定位到所給片段，根據(jù)該段第一句“BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives.”及最后一句“‘Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste，carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment，’saidaBMFemployee.”可知，BMF的員工在日常生活中踐行可持續(xù)行為，并熱衷于減少環(huán)境中的廢棄物、碳排放和化學制品，由此推測，他們具有強烈的環(huán)保意識。故選D。語境猜詞：①sustainability_________②passionate______________n.可持續(xù)性

adj.熱情的，狂熱的B(2023·全國甲，D片段)Obviously，ifprecautions(預防)aren’ttaken，grizzliescanbecome①troublesome，sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites，grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimal②quartersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.“Ourhopeistohaveaclean，attractant-freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits，”saysJamesJonkel，longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Foodshouldbeprovidedforgrizzlies.B.Peoplecanliveinharmonywithgrizzlies.C.Aspecialpathshouldbebuiltforgrizzlies.D.Technologycanbeintroducedtoprotectgrizzlies.√推理判斷題。依據(jù)語段中的“Obviously，ifprecautions(預防)aren’ttaken，grizzliescanbecometroublesome...Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites，grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble...isalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.”可推知，如果采取一些預防措施，可以避免灰熊造成破壞，甚至有效地驅(qū)離灰熊，即人和灰熊可以和諧相處。故選B。語境猜詞：①troublesome___________②quarter________adj.引起麻煩的n.生活區(qū)此類試題往往讓考生推斷文章作者或文中人物對某事物所持的態(tài)度、觀點或看法，或推斷文中人物的語氣、性格等。設問方式主要有：Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoward...？Whatdoestheauthorthinkof...？Howdoestheauthorfind...?考向2觀點和態(tài)度一般分為三大類：①支持、贊同、樂觀；②客觀、中立；③反對、批評、懷疑、悲觀。作者或文中人物的這種思想傾向和感情色彩往往隱含在文章的字里行間。因此，在推斷過程中，應特別注意文中的措辭，尤其是表達感情色彩的形容詞或副詞。觀點態(tài)度推斷題(2024·全國甲，C片段)TheannualarrivaloftheSaintLukasisanotherattempttoimprovethesituation.For10monthseveryyear，thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks，beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock(補給).Thenitstartsalloveragainthenextmonth.Moststationswaitaboutayearbetweenvisits.Doctorsseeupto150patientseveryday.Thetrain’sequipmentallowsforbasiccheck-ups.“Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsand

theirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstaying

focusedandveryconcerned，”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchance

formanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”關(guān)鍵信息1：描述性詞匯→形容詞關(guān)鍵信息2：描述性詞匯→形容詞關(guān)鍵信息1：描述性詞匯→形容詞典例剖析31.WhatisDucke’sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas’services?設問方向：Ducke對SaintLukas的服務持有的態(tài)度A.Appreciative. B.Doubtful.C.Ambiguous. D.Cautious.[1]找關(guān)鍵信息：見文中1、2、3[2]分析關(guān)鍵信息：關(guān)鍵信息1：形容詞impressed，說明Ducke對醫(yī)生和他們的助手的工作印象深刻。關(guān)鍵信息2：形容詞little和focusedandconcerned，說明醫(yī)生和助手雖然住在如此狹小的空間里，但仍然保持專注和關(guān)切。關(guān)鍵信息3：形容詞thebest，說明他們服務很好。[3]歸納人物態(tài)度：綜上可知，Ducke對SaintLukas的服務是感激的，故選A。技法歸納A(2024·新課標Ⅰ，B片段)“Iamnotcrazy，”saysDr.WilliamFarber，shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(針灸)onarabbit.“Iamaheadofmytime.”Ifheseemsalittle①defensive，itmightbebecauseevensomeofhisco-workers②occasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe’llhavethelastlaugh.He’soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(獸醫(yī))nowpracticing“holistic”medicine—combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture，chiropractic(按摩療法)andherbalmedicine.即時演練1.WhatdosomeofFarber’sco-workersthinkofhim?A.He’sodd. B.He’sstrict.C.He’sbrave. D.He’srude.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)選段開頭“Iamnotcrazy”以及下文“Ifheseemsalittledefensive，itmightbebecauseevensomeofhisco-workersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.”可知，法伯的一些同事有時會嘲笑他的不尋常的方法，即認為他很奇怪。故選A。√語境猜詞：①defensive____________②occasionally_____________adj.懷有戒心的adv.偶然，偶爾B(2023·新課標Ⅰ，D片段)Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents，theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseofwhatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemostconfidentabouttheirestimates？Didtheyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds？Thishappenedsomeofthetime，butitwasn’tthedominantresponse.Mostfrequently，thegroupsreportedthatthey“sharedargumentsandreasonedtogether.”Somehow，theseargumentsandreasoningresultedinaglobalreductioninerror.AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain，thepotential①implicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingare②enormous.2.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardNavajas’studies?A.Unclear. B.Dismissive.C.Doubtful. D.Approving.觀點態(tài)度題。依據(jù)“忠于措辭”法。根據(jù)選段最后一段“AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain，thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous.”可知，作者認為雖然Navajas領(lǐng)導的研究有局限性也存在許多問題，但對小組討論和決策的潛在影響巨大。因此推斷作者對于Navajas的研究是贊許和支持的。故選D。√語境猜詞：①implication__________②enormous______________n.可能的影響adj.巨大的，極大的C(2023·全國甲，C片段)Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofourexperiences，andhedoessowithplentyofhumor.Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeofthemostimportantphilosophersinhistory，andhebecomespartofthatcrowdintheprocessbydecoding(解讀)theirmessagesandaddinghisown①interpretation.The

Socrates

Expressisafun，sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparent②simplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire，lonelinessandaging.Theinvitationisclear：Weinerwantsyoutopickupacoffeeorteaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyoutotakehisoffer.It’sworthyourtime，eveniftimeissomethingwedon’thavealotof.3.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofWeiner’sbook?A.Objectiveandplain.B.Daringandambitious.C.Seriousandhardtofollow.D.Humorousandstraightforward.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)選段第一段第一句以及第二段第一句可推知，作者認為Weiner的書既幽默又簡單易懂。故選D。√語境猜詞：①interpretation__________②simplicity______n.解釋，理解n.簡單各種話題的閱讀材料都可能考查寫作目的/意圖。通常情況下，作者在文中不直接陳述自己的意圖，而是通過文中所列事物使讀者感受到其所傳遞的想法。所以，這種題型要求考生具備對作者闡述的內(nèi)容進行總結(jié)和分析的能力。設問方式主要有：Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage？Whatisthepurposeofthistext？Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioning...？Whatisthepurposeof...mentionedinparagraph...?考向3寫作意圖推斷題(2024·新課標Ⅱ，D)GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives，weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithourAI-poweredfuture，andthisiswhereAI

by

Design：A

Plan

for

Living

with

Artificial

Intelligencecomesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution(變革).[1]Para.1：總體介紹了新書《人工智能設計：與人工智能共同生活的計劃》。典例剖析Inthewronghands，suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代碼)thatpowersAIbut，thankfully，Campbellhasmorethantwodecades’professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic，makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich，bytheclose，willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.[2]Para.2：介紹了本書作者的背景和寫作特點。AswesooncometolearnfromAI

by

Design，AIisalreadysuper-smartandwillbecomemorecapable，movingfromthecurrentgenerationof“narrow-AI”toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.Fromthere，Campbellsays，willcomeArtificialDominantIntelligence.ThisiswhyCampbellhassetouttoraiseawarenessofAIanditsfuturenow—severaldecadesbeforethesedevelopmentsareexpectedtotakeplace.Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence，orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.[3]Paras.3－4：概述了書中的主要論點及其意義。Campbell’spointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI—thetechnologycompaniesandworldleaders—sotheyareonthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit.Sheexplainsweareata“tippingpoint”inhistoryandmustactnowtopreventanextinction-leveleventforhumanity.WeneedtoconsiderhowwewantourfuturewithAItopanout.Suchstructuredthinking，followedbyglobalregulation，willenableustoachievegreatnessratherthanourdownfall.AIwillaffectusall，andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject，thisisit.[4]Para.5：再次強烈推薦這本書。35.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?設問方向：詢問本文的寫作目的A.TorecommendabookonAI.B.TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.C.ToclarifythedefinitionofAI.D.TohonoranoutstandingAIexpert.辨文體：本文以“書”為對象，闡述了作者對這本書的評價，由此可推知，本文是一篇書評。明主旨：根據(jù)各段主旨可知，本文介紹了《人工智能設計：與人工智能共同生活的計劃》這本書的內(nèi)容并作了評價。作判斷：由此可推斷，作者寫這篇文章是為了推薦一本有關(guān)AI的書。故選A。技法歸納A(2024·全國甲，D片段)That’swhythisissue(期)ofWriter’s

Digestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebestendingforwhateverkindofwritingyou’redoing.Ifit’sshortstories，PeterMountford①breaksdownsixtechniquesyoucantrytoseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthefinalchaptersoffivegreatnovelstoseewhatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthemforyourwork.Thisissuewon’ttellyouwhatyourendingshouldbe—②that’suptoyouandthestoryyou’retelling—butitmightprovidewhatyouneedtogetthere.即時演練1.WhydoestheauthormentionPeterMountfordandElizabethSims?A.Togiveexamplesofgreatnovelists.B.Tostressthethemeofthisissue.C.Toencouragewritingforthemagazine.D.Torecommendtheirnewbooks.√寫作意圖題。根據(jù)選段第一段首句可知，本期《作家文摘》旨在幫助讀者了解如何給自己的作品寫出最好的結(jié)局，接著作者提到彼得·蒙福德和伊麗莎白·西姆斯將如何進行這方面的指導。由此可知，作者提到這兩個人是為了強調(diào)這期雜志的主題。故選B。語境猜詞：①breakdown____②

That’supto...__________分析那取決于……B(2023·新課標Ⅰ，B片段)Overtheyears，Johnhas①takenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedan②eco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou，acityinsoutheastChina.2.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans.B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs.D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.√寫作意圖題。選段首句指出約翰做了很多大項目，接著提到他為伯靈頓和福州設計的凈化水體的項目，可推知作者提到福州的目的是展示約翰的想法的一項實際應用。故選B。語境猜詞：①takeon____②eco-machine________承擔生態(tài)機器C(2023·全國甲，C片段)Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthen①frameseachphilosopher’sworkinthecontext(背景)ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.TheendresultisareadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates，seelikeThoreau，listenlikeSchopenhauer，andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.This，②morethanabookaboutunderstandingphilosophy，isabookaboutlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.3.Whydoestheauthorlistgreatphilosophersinparagraph4?A.TocompareWeinerwiththem.B.Togiveexamplesofgreatworks.C.Topraisetheirwritingskills.D.TohelpreadersunderstandWeiner’sbook.√寫作意圖題。根據(jù)選段中的“Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainride...TheendresultisareadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates，seelikeThoreau，listenlikeSchopenhauer，andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.”可知，作者在本段開頭描寫了Weiner的書的內(nèi)容，接著通過列舉幾位偉大的哲學家來描寫讀完這本書后我們能從中學到的東西，由此可推知，作者列舉幾位偉大的哲學家是為了幫助讀者理解Weiner的書。故選D。語境猜詞：①frame________________②morethan__________________v.把……置于……中與其說……(不如說……)這類考題考查頻率較低，常包括文章出處/類型題、讀者對象題、后續(xù)內(nèi)容題和寫作手法題等。一般來講，文章出處/類型題要求考生具備一定的常識，能夠根據(jù)文章的體裁和題材來推斷文章的出處或類別；讀者對象推斷題要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和文中的措辭推斷文章的讀者對象；后續(xù)內(nèi)容推斷題要求考生能根據(jù)整篇文章的情節(jié)發(fā)展預測文章的后續(xù)內(nèi)容，這種題型對考生的能力要求較高；寫作手法題主要考查整篇文章或某個段落的寫作手法。設問方式主要有：Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom？(文章出處題)Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetextmostlikelyselectedfrom？(文章出處題)Whatisthetext？(文章類型題)Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout？(后續(xù)內(nèi)容題)Whoaretheintendedreadersofthetext？(讀者對象題)Howisthetopicintroducedinthefirstparagraph？(寫作手法題)低頻考點內(nèi)容細節(jié)巧判斷下面介紹部分題型的解題技法：A(文章出處題)(2024·浙江湖麗衢三市二模)ExplorethesciencebehindtheseamazinglandscapesRetracingCharlesDarwin’stravelsacrossNorthWales13May2024|6daysUncoverthebestofWalesasyouexplorethedramaticWelshlandscapesofEryri(Snowdonia)NationalParkandexaminetheregiongeologyandhowithasbeentransformedbyvolcanicandglacialactivityovertheyears.DiscoverthestoryofCharlesDarwin’s1831and1842toursofWales，and①retracehistravelsonthissmallgroupjourneytoShrewsburyandSnowdonia.即時演練TheRockiesandtheBadlands：GeologyanddinosaursinCanada17June2024|7daysExplorethemajesticRockyMountainswestofCalgaryandtheotherworldlyBadlandstotheeast，witnessthestunningsceneryandgeologyofsouthernAlberta.ThistourincludestwovisitstoUNESCOWorldHeritagesites，whereyouwillseefirst-handtheruggedpeaksandglacialfeaturesoftheBanffportionofCanadianRockyMountainParksandthebone-riddledbadlandsofDinosaurProvincialPark.Shortbreak：DinosaursandHoodoos：Alberta23July2024|3daysVisitoneoftheworld’spremierdinosaurmuseums，sailallthewayaroundaWorldHeritagesitewithoutstandingdinosaurfossilsandexplorethemulti-huedcanyonsandwind-sculptedhoodoos(石林)oftheAlbertaBadlands.Throughoutthistour，youwillbeaccompaniedbypaleontologist(古生物學家)JonNoad，whowillsharethestoriesoftherocks，includingtalesaboutpastoceans，swamps，riversanddeserts，theriseandfallofthedinosaursand，morerecently，icesheetsthatcoveredAlbertaandcarvedout②spectacularlandscapes.1.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Aresearchpaper.B.Asciencefictionnovel.C.Atourismreport.D.Atravelbrochure.√文章出處題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合文章標題“Explorethesciencebehindtheseamazinglandscapes”可知，文章介紹了三個關(guān)于神奇地質(zhì)景觀的旅行項目，應是出自一本旅游手冊，故選D。語境猜詞：①retrace_________________②spectacular________________vt.重走(別人走過的路線)adj.壯觀的，令人驚嘆的B(文章類型題)(2022·全國乙，B片段)In1916，twogirlsofwealthyfamilies，bestfriendsfromAuburn，N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead，Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothing

Daunted：The

Unexpected

Education

of

Two

Society

Girls

in

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WestbyDorothyWickenden，whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter....InWickenden’sbook，sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism，whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads，whichentailed(牽涉)drillingthroughtheRockies，ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism(堅忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff，onherhorse，lookingdownfromahilltop：“Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains，itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals：foxes，coyotes，mice，andvaryinghares，whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”2.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Abookreview.C.Achildren’sstory. D.Adiaryentry.√文章類型題。根據(jù)選段第一段最后一句和倒數(shù)第二段首句“InWickenden’sbook，sheexpandedon...”以及末句“ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.”以及最后一段前兩句可推知，本文簡要介紹了Wickenden寫的一部書的內(nèi)容，并對其進行了評價，所以是一篇書評。故選B。C(讀者對象題)(2024·廣州天河區(qū)二模)Someofthegreatestdiscoveriesinsciencehavebeencompletelyaccidental.Thenagain，maybesciencehadalittlehelp...IceCandyOneofAmerica’sfavoritesummertimetreatscameaboutthankstoaparticularlycoldnightintheSanFranciscoBayareain1905.That’swhen11-year-oldFrankEppersonforgotaglasscontainingpowderedsodamix，waterandawoodenstickoutatthedoorwayovernight.Thenextmorning，F(xiàn)rankdiscoveredthemixturehadfrozenaroundthestick.Hepoppeditoutofthecup，lickedit...andsummerswereneverthesame!SafetyGlassIn1903，F(xiàn)renchchemistédouardBénédictusaccidentallydroppedaglassbottle.Tohissurprise，theglasscrackedbutwasn’tbrokenintopieces.Outofcuriosity，hecheckeditcarefully.Asitturnedout，thebottlehadn’tbeencleanedproperlyandwas①coatedwithathin②filmofakindofliquidplastic.Ahappyaccidentledtothediscoveryofsafetyglass.YInMnBlueIn2009，MasSubramanian，aprofessorofmaterialsscienceatOregonStateUniversity，wastestingoutnewmaterialsforelectronicsinhislabwithgraduatestudents.Amixtureofmetalswentintothefurnace.Whatcameoutwasastrikingbluemixture.Thefirstnewbluesincecobalt(深藍)wasdiscoveredin1802，iscalled“YInMnBlue”.PenicillinIn1928，ScottishresearcherAlexanderFlemingreturnedtohislabafteratwo-weekvacationonlytodiscoverthatmold(霉菌)fromanopenwindowhadmadeanuncovereddishofbacteriadirty.Strangelyenough，themoldstoppedthebacteriafromgrowing，givingtheworlditsfirstantibiotic.3.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthetext?A.Sciencestudents.B.Curiosityseekers.C.Scienceresearchers.D.Thegeneralpublic.√讀者對象題。根據(jù)第一段“Someofthegreatestdiscoveriesinsciencehavebeencompletelyaccidental.”以及下文對冰棒、安全玻璃、釔銦錳藍、盤尼西林的發(fā)現(xiàn)過程的介紹可知，這四個偶然的發(fā)現(xiàn)都與生活相關(guān)，故其目標讀者為大眾，是向大眾介紹這些發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選D。語境猜詞：①coat______②f