威遠中學校屆高二下半期考試英語注意事項本試卷分第I卷選擇題和第卷非選擇題兩部分;答題前,考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡相應的位置;全部答案在答題卡上完成,答在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力共兩節,滿分分)做題時,,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節共5小題;每小題分,滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,,你都有秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatdoesthemanthinkofFlora?A.Lovely.B.Beautiful.C.Scary.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Drivingacar.B.Crossingthestreet.C.Ridingabus.3.Whywasthemanlate?A.Hewasill.B.Hehadapoormemory.C.Hewasn’tinformed.4.WhatdoesthewomanadviseJacktodo?A.Learntoshare.B.ApologizetoC.Askforhelp.5.Whenwillthewomanarriveatthetomorrow?A.At10:00a.m.B.At9:00a.m.C.At9:30a.m.第二節共小題,每小題分,滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題給出5秒鐘作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。6.Howwillthemancelebratehisbirthday?A.He’llgooutforameal.B.He’llhaveaparty.第1頁/共23頁C.He’llplayputergames.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Brotherandsister.C.andstudent.聽下面一段對話，回答第8至第題。8.Whathappenedtothewoman’ssweater?A.Itbecamedirty.B.Itbecamepink.C.Itbecamesmaller.9.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.throwawaythelabel.B.followtheinstructions.C.separatesweatersfromTshirts.10.Whydidtheclothessmellbad?A.Themanforgottowashthem.B.Themandidn’tusewashingpowder.C.Themandrycleanedthemimproperly.聽下面一段對話，回答第至第題。WheredidthemanlearnaboutMarkBrown?A.FromTV.B.Fromtheradio.C.Fromthenewspaper.12.WhatwasMarkBrownpraisedfor?A.Savingpeoplefromtheflood.B.Raisingawarenessoftheflood.C.Donatingmoneytofloodvictims.13.WhydidthewomanwanttowriteMr.Brownaletter?A.askhimformorehelp.B.expressheradmiration.C.knowmoreabouthislife.聽下面一段對話，回答第至第題。14.WhereistheGrandHotel?A.Atthefirstcrossing.B.OppositethepostC.NexttotheCentralBank.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofuphillwalk?第2頁/共23頁A.It’sdifficult.B.It’sinteresting.C.It’seasy.16.HowwillthewomanprobablygototheGrandHotel?A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.聽下面一段獨白，回答第至第題。17.Wherewillthedonatedmoneygo?A.theartdepartment.B.thesportsteams.C.theputerlab.18.Howlongdoesthebookfairlastthisweek?A.days.B.Threedays.C.Fourdays.19.Whoseclassishostingabakesale?A.Mr.Gogh’s.B.Mr.Black’s.C.Mr.Smith’s.20.Whoistheannouncementintendedfor?A.Parents.B.Students.C.第二部分閱讀共兩節,滿分分)第一節共小題;每小題分,滿分分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAtoAbroad!inviteyoutojoinusonanamazingjourneyoflanguagelearning.Regardlessofyourchoiceofcourse,you’lldevelopyourlanguageabilitybothquicklyandeffectively.OurStandardCourseguaranteesasignificantincreaseinyourconfidenceinaforeignlanguage,withfocusedteachinginall4skillareas—speaking,listening,readingandwriting.OurIntensiveCoursebuildsonourStandardCourse,with10additionallessonsperweek,guaranteeingthefastestpossiblelanguagelearning.Studentsareplacedintoclassesaccordingtotheircurrentlanguageskills.Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogram.However,ifthisisnotavailable,studentssittheexamonthefirstMondayoftheircourse.Ourprogramthefullpackage—studentsaretakengoodcareoffromthestartthroughtotheveryend.第3頁/共23頁Theyarecollectedfromtheairportuponarrivalandbroughttotheiracmodationinfort.requirethestudent’sfullflightdetailsatleast4weeksinadvance.過敏Studentsareprovidedwithbreakfast,dinnerandeitheracookedorpackedlunchwhichincludesasandwich,adrinkandadessert.askthatyouletusknowofanyallergiesordietaryrequirementsaswellasinformationaboutanymedicinesyoutake.Dependingonthetypeofallergiesand/ordietaryrequirements,extramoneymaybeneededforprovidingspecialfood.1.HowdoesIntensiveCoursefromStandardCourse?A.Itislesseffective.B.Itfocusesonspeaking.C.Itincludesextralessons.D.Itgivesyouconfidence.2.Beforestartingtheirprogram,studentsareexpectedto________.A.takealanguagetestB.haveanonlineinterviewC.preparelearningmaterialsD.reporttheirlanguagelevels3.thefullpackagetheprogramorganizerissupposedto________.A.informstudentsoftheirfullflightdetailsB.lookafterstudentsthroughouttheprogramC.studentsfreesightseeingtripsD.collectstudents’luggageinadvance【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了青少年海外語言課程。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段“OurIntensiveCoursebuildsonourStandardCourse,with10additionallessonsperweek,guaranteeingthefastestpossiblelanguagelearning.(我們的強化課程在標準課程基礎上每周增設10課時，確保語言學習效率最大化。)”可知，相比標準課程，強化課程包含每周增加的10節課。故選C。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段“Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogram.(他們中的大多數需在課程開始前參加在線語言測試。)測試。故選A。第4頁/共23頁【3題詳解】Ourprogramthefullpackage—studentsaretakengoodcareoffromthestartthroughtotheveryend.(本項目提供全流程無憂服務——學員從抵達伊始到課程結束都將得到悉心照料。)”可知，選擇全包服務時，項目組織方應當全程照顧學生。故選B。BAtSeattle’sGarfieldHighSchool,adozen(十多個)basketballplayersarepracticing.Theseguystakethegameseriouslyatthisschool.AhalfdozencoacheskeepeveryonefocusedasGarfieldpreparesforaSaturdaygame.InthemiddleofallthisisBrandonRoy,theformerNBAAllStarandGarfield’sgreatestplayer.Royistheheadcoach.Badkneesforcedhimoutofprobasketballwellbeforehistime.FouryearsafterhisforcedNBAretirement,hebegancoachingatSeattle’sNathanHaleHighSchoolin2017withnobackgroundwhatsoeverandwonastatechampionship.Hemovedtohisalmamater(母校)thefollowingyearandgotanotherstatetitlewithaoncebeatenteam.“ReallythethingthatbroughtmetocoachingwasImissedbasketball,”Roysaid.Aftertaking2019fromcoachingtodealwithpersonalissues,Royreturnedandhashisteampointedatstateagain.Heownsa785coachingrecord.hissuccess,othersfrequentlydiscusswhetherRoywantstomoveuptheranksashedidasaplayer.“MyultimategoalisnottocoachintheNBAbuttobuildarealstrongfoundationatmyalmamater.Idon’tfeelchallengedtomakeittothenextlevel.Ifeelchallengedrightheretomakeitatthislevel.”Aspracticeestoaclose,Roygathershisplayersaroundhimandhiscoachesandtheytalkaboutthegameahead.Beforeeveryoneheadshome,hehasthemshakehands.Playersandplayers.Coachesandplayers.It’sashowofrespectandtogetherness.Mostly,hejustlistenedtohismotherandfollowedherinsightfuldirectiontobeeatopflightcoach.“Mymomgavemethebestadvice—shesaidkeepyourego(自我)outofit,”Roysaid.“ShetoldmetoforgetwhatIhadachievedintheNBAandbedowntoearth.ShetrustedthatI’dbeprettygoodatit.”4.WhydoesBrandonRoyshowupatcourt?A.prepareforagameasaplayer.B.coachastudentbasketballteam.C.lookforfuturebasketballplayers.D.selectformerNBAplayersasassistants.5.WhathappenedtoBrandonRoyin2018?A.Hewasbadlyinjured.B.Hewasforcedtoretire.C.Heledateamtosuccess.D.Hegaveuphisbasketballcareer.第5頁/共23頁6.WhatisBrandonRoy’sfinalgoal?A.GoingbacktotheNBAasaprofessionalplayer.B.BeingaprofessionalcoachinanNBAteam.C.Improvingthebasketballlevelofhisalmamater’steam.D.Beingthegreatestbasketballplayerofhisalmamater.7.WhatlessondidBrandonRoy’smothergivehim?A.totrustothers.B.Learnfromthebest.C.Don’tbeetooproud.D.Nevergiveupondreams.【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。因傷退役的NBA球星BrandonRoy完成了從明星球員到明星教練的完美蛻變。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“InthemiddleofallthisisBrandonRoy,theformerNBAAllStarandGarfield’sgreatestplayer.Royistheheadcoach.(在這一切的中間是布蘭登羅伊，前NBA全明星和Garfield最偉大的球員。羅伊是主教練)”可知，BrandonRoy作為主教練在球場上指導球員訓練。故選B。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“FouryearsafterhisforcedNBAretirement,hebegancoachingatSeattle’sNathanHaleHighSchoolin2017withnobackgroundwhatsoeverandwonastatechampionship.Hemovedtohisalmamater(母校)thefollowingyearandgotanotherstatetitlewithaoncebeatenteam.(2017年開始在西雅圖內森黑爾高中執教，沒有任何背景，并贏得了州冠軍。第二年，他搬到了母校，帶領一支曾經被擊敗的球隊再次獲得州冠軍)BrandonRoy在2018年的時候帶領母校球隊拿到了州冠軍。故選C。【6題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段“MyultimategoalisnottocoachintheNBAbuttobuildarealstrongfoundationatmyalmamater.Idon’tfeelchallengedtomakeittothenextlevel.Ifeelchallengedrightheretomakeitatthislevel.(我的最終目標不是在NBA當教練，而是在母校打好堅實的基礎。我不覺得要進入下一個階段有什么挑戰。我覺得在這里達到這個水平是一種挑戰)”可知，BrandonRoy最終的目標是提高母校籃球隊的水平。故選C。【7題詳解】第6頁/共23頁“Mymomgavemethebestadvice—shesaidkeepyourego(自我)outofit,”Roysaid.“ShetoldmetoforgetwhatIhadachievedintheNBAandbedowntoearth.ShetrustedthatI’dbeprettygoodatit.”(NBA取得的成)”可知，BrandonRoy的母親告訴他不要自傲，要忘記過去取得的成就，時刻保持謙遜，腳踏實地。故選C。CAcharmingthreestoryhomesitsatthecornerof10thandCenterstreetsontheGeorgiaInstiuteof(GeorgincampusinAtlanta.Fromtheoutside,itappearsjustlikeanyotherhome,butinside,Georgiaresearchersaretestinganddevelopingadvanceddevicestodeterminewhichcanmakethehomesaferandsmarter—forolderadults.Thehouseisactuallyalivinglab,calledtheHome,andresearchconductedtherehasrevealed(顯示)manytophomerelatedconcernsamongolderadults—unattendedcooking,waterleftrunning,TVslefton...anddoorsleftunlocked.Now,someinhometechnologiesareindevelopment—oronthemarket—toaddressthoseconcerns.OnenewdevicecalledInirvReactconnectsyourstove(爐具)toasensorinyourhomeandasmartphoneapp.Thesensorwillautomaticallyturnthestoveifitnolongerdetectsmovementaroundtheapplianceafteracertainperiodoftime.canalsoturnthestoveusingyoursmartphone.Devicesofthefutureareexpectedtocollectandusedatetobeesmarter,accordingtoElizabethMynatt,aprofessoratGeorgia“Theywilllearnmoreaboutyourhabits,yourlikes,yourdislikes,yourroutines,whenyou’remostlikelytoforgettotakeyourmedicine,whataretheaspects(方面)ofyourhealththatneedthemostattention,”shesaid.anytechnology,“mostpeopleaskthatquestion‘Howinvasive(侵擾的)isit?’.Butwhatwehearfromolderadultsisthattheyvaluethesecurityandthesafetythatthetechnologyprovidesforthem,”Mynattsaid.75yearoldAlbertBoletofAtlantathinksmostolderadultsaretypicallyreadytobringtechnologyintotheirhomes.“Peoplehavethemisguidedimpressionthatseniorsareopposedtotechnology.”saidBolet.dounderstandwirelesstechnology,andweunderstandhowthesethingswillmakethingseasier.Beingindependentismostimportantinthemindofanybodythatgetstobeourageorolder.”8.WhatistheHome?AAsmarthouse.B.Aresearchlab.第7頁/共23頁C.Anursinghome.D.Asciencemuseum.9.WhatwillInirvReactdowhenitsensesnomovementaroundastoveforlong?A.thestovedirectly.B.Giveoutawarningsound.C.Activateasensorinthehouse.D.Sendamessagetoaconnectedphone.10.WhatwillfuturesmarthomedevicesbelikeaccordingtoMynatt?A.Theywillprovidemedicaladvice.B.Theywillbemorelikecaregivers.C.Theywillbeemorepersonalized.D.Theywillreplacecaregiversinmostcase.WhatdidAtbertBoletsayaboutmostseniors?A.Theyarewillingtousesmarthomedevices.B.Theyfindithardtokeepupwithnewtechnology.C.Theypreferasimplelifewithouttechnology.D.TheyarebeingmoredependentontheInternet.【答案】8.B9.A10.CA【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。在亞特蘭大佐治亞理工學院，研究人員正在測試和開發一種先進的設備，以確定哪種設備可以讓老年人的家更安全、更智能。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“Fromtheoutside,itappearsjustlikeanyotherhome,butinside,Georgiaresearchersaretestinganddevelopingadvanceddevicestodeterminewhichcanmakethehomesaferandsmarter—forolderadults.(從外表上看，它看起來和其他任何家庭一樣，但在內部，佐治亞理工大學的研究人員正在測試和開發先進的設備，以確定哪種設備可以讓老年人的家更安全、更智能)”以及第二段“Thehouseisactuallyalivinglab,calledtheHome(這所房子實際上是一個生活實驗室，名為Home)”可知，Home是一個研究實驗室，故選B項。【9題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段“OnenewdevicecalledInirvReactconnectsyourstove(爐具)toasensorinyourhomeandasmartphoneapp.Thesensorwillautomaticallyturnthestoveifitnolongerdetectsmovement第8頁/共23頁aroundtheapplianceafteracertainperiodoftime.(一種名為InirvReact的新設備連接您的爐灶連接到家中的傳感器和智能應用程序。如果傳感器在一段時間后不再檢測到電器周圍的移動，它將自動關閉爐子)”可知，當InirvReact長時間感覺不到爐子周圍有任何東西移動時，它會直接關閉爐子，故選A項。【10題詳解】Devicesofthefutureareexpectedtocollectandusedatetobeesmarter,accordingtoElizabethMynatt,aprofessoratGeorgia“Theywilllearnmoreaboutyourhabits,yourlikes,yourdislikes,yourroutines,whenyou’remostlikelytoforgettotakeyourmedicine,whataretheaspects(方面)ofyourhealththatneedthemostattention,”(佐治亞理工大學教授ElizabethMynatt表示，未來的設備有望收集和使用數據，)”可推理出，未來的智能家居設備將會變得更加個性化，故選C項。【題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“75--year-oldAlbertBoletofAtlantathinksmostolderadultsaretypicallyreadytobringtechnologyintotheirhomes.(亞特蘭大75歲的AlbertBolet認為，大多數老年人通常已經準備好將技術帶入他們的家中。)”以及“dounderstandwirelesstechnology,andweunderstandhowthesethingswillmakethingseasier.Beingindependentismostimportantinthemindofanybodythatgetstobeourageorolder.(我們確實了解無線技術，我們知道這些東西會讓事情變得更容易。在任何與我們同齡或年長的人心中，獨立是最重要的。)”可推理出，AtbertBolet認為大部分老年人愿意使用智能家居設備，故選A項。DAhoneybee’slifedependsonitsuccessfullyharvestingfromflowerstomakehoney.Decidingwhichflowerismostlikelytonectar(花蜜)isincrediblydifficult.Innewresearchpublishedrecently,ourteamreportshowbeesmaketheseplexdecisions.challengedbeeswithafieldofartificialflowers,eachofwhichatinydropofsugarsyrup.Different-colored“flowers”variedintheirlikelihoodofofferingsugar.puttiny,harmlesspaintmarksonthebackofeachbee,andfilmedeveryvisitabeemadetotheflowerarray.thenusedputervisionandmachinelearningtoautomaticallydrawandstudytherouteonwhichbeesflewthrough.Fromthisinformation,wefoundbeesveryquicklylearnedtoidentifythemostrewardingflowers.Theyquicklyassessedwhethertoacceptorrejectaflower,butsurprisinglytheymadecorrectdecisionswithin0.6secondswhileincorrectdecisionstookthem1.2secondsonaverage.Theresultsandwhatweexpectedarepolesapart.Usuallyinanimals,anaccuratedecisiontakeslongerthananinaccuratedecision.Thisiscalledthespeed-accuracytradewhichhappensbecausedeterminingwhethera第9頁/共23頁decisionisrightorwrongusuallydependsonhowmuchevidencewehavetomakethatdecision.Moreevidencemeansamoreaccuratedecision,butgatheringevidencetakestime.Soaccuratedecisionsareusuallyslowandinaccuratedecisionsarefaster.Butbeesonlyacceptedaflowerif,ataglance,theyweresureitwasrewarding.Iftheyhadanyuncertainty,theyrejectedit.Theymighthavemissedsomerewardingflowers,buttheysuccessfullyfocusedtheironlyontheflowerswiththebestchanceandbestevidenceofprovidingthemwithsugar.Theonlyotheranimalsknowntobeatthespeedaccuracytradeoffarehumansandprimates.It’sindeedamazingthatbeesseemedtobebreakingthisboundary.12.Howdidresearchersgettheresultoftheexperiment?A.Byobservingbeesinthewild.B.Byanalyzingbees’flightpaths.C.Bytestingbeesindifferentcolors.D.Byparingbees’foodpreference.13.Whatdidtheresearchfindaboutbees?A.Theycouldtellartificialflowersimmediately.B.Theyperformedbetterincertaincoloredflowers.C.Theymaderightchoicesfasterthanthewrongones.DTheymademorecorrectdecisionsthanotherspecies.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“polesapart”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Contrary.B.Reasonable.C.Essential.D.Confusing.15.Whydobeesbeatthespeedaccuracytradeoff?A.Theyignoreuncertainties.B.Theygatherevidenceveryfast.C.Theystayontherighttrackwhileflying.D.Theyadoptaspecialdecisionmakingmechanism.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了研究團隊通過用人工花對蜜蜂進行實驗，研究蜜蜂如何做出采蜜決策，發現蜜蜂打破了速度準確性權衡這一現象。第10頁/共23頁【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“thenusedputervisionandmachinelearningtoautomaticallydrawandstudytherouteonwhichbeesflewthrough.Fromthisinformation,wefoundbeesveryquicklylearnedtoidentifythemostrewardingflowers.(信息中，我們發現蜜蜂很快就學會了識別最有價值的花朵。)”可知，研究人員是通過分析蜜蜂的飛行路徑來獲取實驗結果的。故選B項。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Theyquicklyassessedwhethertoacceptorrejectaflower,butsurprisinglytheymadecorrectdecisionswithin0.6secondswhileincorrectdecisionstookthem1.2secondsonaverage.(它們迅速評估是否接受或拒絕一朵花，但令人驚訝的是，它們在0.6秒內做出正確的決定，而錯誤的決定平均需要1.2秒。)”可知，研究發現蜜蜂做出正確選擇的速度比做出錯誤選擇的速度要快。故選C項。14題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第二段中“Fromthisinformation,wefoundbeesveryquicklylearnedtoidentifythemostrewardingflowers.Theyquicklyassessedwhethertoacceptorrejectaflower,butsurprisinglytheymadecorrectdecisionswithin0.6secondswhileincorrectdecisionstookthem1.2secondsonaverage.(從這些信息中，我們發現蜜蜂很快就學會了識別最有價值的花朵。它們迅速評估是否接受或拒絕一朵花，但令人驚訝的是，它們在0.61.2秒。)”和第三段中“Usuallyinanimals,anaccuratedecisiontakeslongerthananinaccuratedecision.Thisiscalledthespeedaccuracytradewhichhappensbecausedeterminingwhetheradecisionisrightorwrongusuallydependsonhowmuchevidencewehavetomakethatdecision.Moreevidencemeansamoreaccuratedecision,butgatheringevidencetakestime.Soaccuratedecisionsareusuallyslowandinaccuratedecisionsarefaster.(通常在動物中，準確的決策比不準確的決策花費的時間更長。這被稱為速度準確性權衡，之所以會這樣，是因為判斷一個決策是否正確通常取決于我們做出該決策所擁有的證據量。更多的證據意味著更準確的決策，但收集證據需要時間。所以準確的決策通常較慢，而不準確的決策則較快。)”可知，通常在動物中，準確的決策比不準確的決策花費的時間更長，但蜜蜂的情況相反，它們做出正確的決定的時間更短。所以“Theresultsandwhatweexpectedarepolesapart.”polesapart”意思是“相反的”，與“Contrary”意思相近。故選A項。【15題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段中“Butbeesonlyacceptedaflowerif,ataglance,theyweresureitwasrewarding.Iftheyhadanyuncertainty,theyrejectedit.Theymighthavemissedsomerewardingflowers,buttheysuccessfullyfocusedtheironlyontheflowerswiththebestchanceandbestevidenceofprovidingthemwithsugar.(但第11頁/共23頁蜜蜂只有在一眼就確定一朵花有價值時才會接受它。如果它們有任何不確定，就會拒絕它。它們可能錯過了一些有價值的花朵，但它們成功地將精力只集中在最有可能、最有證據能為它們提供糖分的花朵上。)”可知，蜜蜂采用了一種特殊的決策機制，即只接受一眼確定有價值的花，有不確定就拒絕，這使得它們打破了速度準確性權衡。故選D項。第二節共5小題;每小題分,滿分分)閱讀下面短文,多余選項。Sometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtaking.____16____Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork?Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risktakerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.____17____Asthequalityofrisktakingwaspassedfromonegenerationtothenext,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.Sowhyaren’twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisktakingcouldgetonekilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstayinthecavetypes.Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.___18___Nomatterwhereyouareontheriskseekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.____19____helpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.___20___Fortheriskseekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebeesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbeesactive.Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofriskseeking,we’llcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesortheshallowendofthepool.A.Italldependsonyourcharacter.B.Thosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotake.CBeingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.D.Thus,thesewellequippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.第12頁/共23頁E.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.F.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.G.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.【答案】16.F17.C18.A19.E20.G【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人們喜歡冒險的來源和科學依據，人們都喜歡冒險，因為風險也意味著回報，生活中人們喜歡做一些讓別人意外和害怕的事，這和人的大腦有關．【16題詳解】根據前文becausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtasking.當我們衡量風險和回報時，Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.有些人喜歡做一些讓別人意外和害怕的事。也就是說衡量風險的標準每個人都可能不一樣．故F選項都使用相同的參考標準來衡量風險和回報”與上文為轉折關系，且承接下文。故選F。【17題詳解】根據前文Risktakerswerebetterathuntingfightingorexploring有更大的機會生存下去。故C選項“這意味著他們有更大的機會生存下去”承接上文。故選C。【18題詳解】根據前文Somaybeyoulovecarracing，ormaybeyouhateit．也許你喜歡賽車，也許你不喜歡，這要依據你的性格。故A選項“這要依據你的性格”承接上文。故選A。【19題詳解】根據前文scientistssaythatyourtotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.科學家們指出冒險的意愿在年輕時會不斷強烈。根據下文helpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.為了幫你實現那些，大腦會不斷增加你對新的經歷的渴望。而這些是在你離開家庭，走進一個更大的世界的時候。故E選項“這些是在你離開家庭，走進一個更大的世界的時候”承接上下文。故選E。【20題詳解】根據下文Fortheriskseekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebeesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbeesactive.不同的人的大腦在處理快樂和恐懼時表現也會不一樣。故前面應該G選項“式工作”承接下文。故選G。第三部分語言運用共兩節,滿分分)第13頁/共23頁第一節共小題;每小題1分,滿分分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的、、、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IgrewupinPacificPalisades,oneoftheLosAngelesneighborhoodsburneddownbythewildfires.Asasmalltown,itwasa____21____placesinceeveryonegotonwell.Buttoday,ithasbeen____22____themap.NowI’mstandingonastreetwheremyfavoriterestaurant,Cafeoncestood.Itis____23____.Closingmyeyes,Icouldlistdozensofplacesthatare____24____ofmychildhoodandarenolongerhere.Fireswereapartofmychildhoodandtherewasalwaysthe____25____ofthem.ButneverhadI____26____thattherewouldbesucha(n)____27____.Andyet,thatiswhat____28____happened.WhileIam____29____thewildfires,myfriendsaretexting,askingmeto______30______iftheirhomesarestillstanding.Asajournalist,nomatterwhateventsI’mreporting,Iloveconnectingwithotherpeople.Thisway,Ifeelsomething______31______aboutbeinghere,inaplaceIknowsowell,usingthetoolsthatI’velearnedonthisjobtohelp______32______thisstory.Butitisalsoveryemotional,becauseyoudon’ttruly______33______thetowninthemoment.Inaway,doingthisjobispartofmy______34______experienceforthePalisades.ThisisaboutpeoplerightEverythingisgone,butwe’restillhereandwestillhaveeachother,andthat’swhat______35______isgoingtobeallabout.21.A.popularB.specialC.suitableD.lovely22.A.hiddenfromB.stucktoC.wipedD.addedto23.A.oldB.goneC.strangeD.lively24.A.memoriesB.dreamsC.pitiesD.remains25.A.disappointmentB.fearC.delightD.relief26.A.rememberedB.imaginedC.admittedD.reminded27.A.encounterB.campaignC.accidentD.disaster28.A.exactlyB.eventuallyC.suddenlyD.usually29.A.investigatingB.fightingC.coveringD.watching30.A.checkB.guessC.determineD.tell31.A.beautifulB.hopefulC.frighteningD.annoying32.A.witnessB.shareC.makeD.change33.A.understandB.protectC.recordD.access第14頁/共23頁34.A.worryingB.awkwardC.painfulD.boring35.A.givinginB.sittingbackC.holdingonD.movingforward【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.A25.B26.B27.D28.A29.C30.A31.A32.B33.D34.C35.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者回憶了被野火燒毀的家鄉，表達了對童年記憶的懷念和對災難的感慨，同時強調了人們團結前行的意義。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個小鎮，這是一個可愛的地方，因為每個人都相處得很好。A.popular受歡迎的；B.special特別的；C.suitable合適的；D.lovely可愛的。根據后文“sinceeveryonegotonwell”可知，人們相處融洽，說明小鎮氛圍和諧美好，是個可愛的地方。故選D項。【22題詳解】A.hiddenfromB.stucktoC.wiped抹去；D.addedto增加。前文提到“IgrewupinPacificPalisades,oneoftheLosAngelesneighborhoodsburneddownbythewildfires選C項。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它不見了。A.old舊的；B.gone消失的；C.strange奇怪的；D.lively活潑的。由前文“NowI’mstandingonastreetwheremyfavoriterestaurant,Cafeoncestood餐廳所在的街道，說明餐廳現在已不存在，消失了。故選B項。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：閉上眼睛，我能列出幾十處承載著我童年回憶、如今卻已不復存在的地方。A.memoriesB.dreamsC.pitiesD.remains合“mychildhood”可知，這些地方是作者童年生活的一部分，代表著童年回憶。故選A項。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：火災是我童年的一部分，人們總是對它們心懷恐懼。A.disappointment失望；B.fear恐懼；C.delight高興；D.relief寬慰。因為“Fireswereapartofmychildhood”且野火具有破壞性，會帶來損失，所以人們自然會對火災感到恐懼。故選B項。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但我從未想象過會發生這樣一場災難。A.remembered記得；B.imagined想象；第15頁/共23頁C.admitted承認；D.reminded提醒。后文描述了野火造成小鎮被燒毀的嚴重后果，這種程度的災難是作者之前沒有預想和想象到的。故選B項。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我從未想象過會發生這樣一場災難。A.encounter遭遇；B.campaign運動；C.accident事故；D.disaster災難。結合前文提到小鎮被野火“burneddown”，可知，這是一場嚴重的災難。故選D項。【28題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：而這正是確切發生的事情。A.exactly確切地；B.eventually最終；C.suddenly突然；D.usually通常。根據前文“IgrewupinPacificPalisades,oneoftheLosAngelesneighborhoodsburneddownbythewildfires.”可知，災難是確切地發生了。故選A項。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我在報道野火事件時，我的朋友們在發短信，讓我查看他們的家是否還在。A.investigating調查；B.fighting戰斗；C.covering報道；D.watching觀看。后文“Asajournalist”表明作者的職業，記者的工作就是對事件進行報道，所以這里是在報道野火事件。故選C項。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我在報道野火事件時，我的朋友們在發短信，讓我查看他們的家是否還在。A.check查看；B.guess猜測；C.determine決定；D.tell告訴。根據后文“iftheirhomesarestillstanding”可知，朋友們想知道自己家的情況，所以讓身處現場報道的作者去查看。故選A項。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣，我在這里，在一個我如此熟悉的地方，用我在這份工作中學到的工具來分享這個故事，我感受到了一種美好的東西。A.beautiful美好的；B.hopeful有希望的；C.frightening可怕的；D.annoying煩人的。作者利用自己的職業技能，在熟悉的家鄉為大家分享故事，這種行為和情感體驗讓作者覺得美好。故選A項。【32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣，我在這里，在一個我如此熟悉的地方，用我在這份工作中學到的工具來分享這個故事。A.witness見證；B.share分享；C.make制作；D.change改變。根據前文“Asajournalist,nomatterwhateventsI’mreporting”可知，作者作為記者，其職責就是將野火事件的情況通過自己的報道分享給大家。故選B項。【33題詳解】A.understand第16頁/共23頁理解；B.protect保護；C.record記錄；D.access進入。前文描述作者在報道時既有工作的理性又有對家鄉的情感，說明此時作者還沒有完全進入面對家鄉災難那種感同身受的狀態。故選D項。【34題詳解】A.worrying令人擔心的；B.awkward尷尬的；C.painful痛苦的；D.boring無聊的。前文提到家鄉被野火摧毀，作者對那些熟悉地方的消失感到痛心，所以這是一段痛苦的經歷。故選C項。【35題詳解】A.givingin屈服；B.sittingback袖手旁觀；C.holdingon堅持；D.movingforward向前邁進。根據前文“Everythingisgone,butwe’restillhereandwestillhaveeachother”可知，雖然遭受災難，但人們要振作起來，攜手向前，繼續生活。故選D項。第二節共小題;每小題分,滿分分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。AnyoneinterestedinDunhuangmusthaveheardofFanJinshi,whohasdevotedmorethanhalfacenturyto___36___(conserve)theMogaoCavesattheheartoftheancientSilkRoadinGansuProvince.She___37___(honor)asthe“DaughterofDunhuang”inherfield,though“protector”isprobablyamoreappropriate___38___(describe).In1962,Fanvisitedthecavesforthefirsttime.Foragirlwho___39___(grow)upinShanghai,amomentofexcitementwastoofragile___40___(support)herinstayinginthisdesert.___41___lifewa