專題03選詞填空考點揭秘（上）

01專題網絡?思維腦圖

02考情分析?解密高考

03高頻考點?以考定法

04核心素養?微專題

05創新好題?分層練

專題網絡?思維腦圖

考查核心實詞（名、動、形、副）

構詞法知識（澹生/轉化/合成）

盤詞生義/一詞多義/一詞多性

從語走角破聯性

根據固定搭函發現整省信息

選詞填空II解題技巧從句式的邏輯結構分析

從正文語境分析磔

不理解長難句

不認識派生詞

典例舉隅氫詞生義未莖提

詞匯里不足

音情分析?解密高考

一、題型解讀：

上海英語高考卷的詞匯部分以語篇的形式呈現，考核學生在語境中正確理解和運用詞匯的能力，即考查考

生對篇章上下文的理解能力和使用詞匯和語法結構的能力。其題目的設置為10道空白處，要求考生從所提

供的有11個單詞構成的詞庫里選出最合適的詞分別填入各空白處，使短文意思和結構完整，通順得體。每

個單詞只能選一次。這11個詞均為實義詞而非功能詞，即考查的范圍并不包含介詞、冠詞等虛詞，而只對

名詞、動詞、形容詞和副詞進行考查。在這11個詞中有1個單詞為干擾項。選詞填空綜合了詞匯、句子結

構以及閱讀理解部分的測試內容。它不僅測試應試者在詞匯和句子水平上運用語言的能力，還測試應試者

在語篇上綜合運用語言結構的能力。

二、詞匯特征

?只考實詞：動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞為主

?聚焦核心詞匯：考綱中的中高級高頻詞匯考察較多

?熟詞生義/一詞多義/一詞多性

?構詞法（派生/轉化/合成/綴合）

高頻考點?以考定法I

選詞填空的考點:

1.詞匯方面，以實詞為主，考查名詞、動詞、形容詞和副詞四種詞性;

2.語法方面，考查詞性之間的關系和句子結構分析能力；

3.邏輯方面，考查上下文聯系以及對文章的理解。

解題步驟詳解：

第一步：整理選項（classifytheoptions）

根據詞性把每個單詞分類歸納，標出詞性。考察的四類詞性中，名詞多做主賓；動詞做謂語，形容詞做定

表，副詞做狀語。副詞個數最少，不會超過兩個，其他詞性平均出現三次，有兩個的，也有四個的。

標注詞性時要注意：

1.不認識的單詞不要慌張，分析前后綴，或舉例替換（oversee聯想。veruse）；值得一提的是，模考或真題

中出現過考綱之外的“生詞”，這些詞很眼熟，因為它是利用了構詞法（多為前后綴派生法）知識衍生出

來的，構詞法我們學過，多分析詞性不難判斷其含義。

2.注意多重詞性的詞，比如feature、concern>experience等。

3.動詞的歸類要繼續細分為動詞（包括過去式和三單一形式）、分詞和動名詞，因為一個空處，如果可以填

動詞，但是填具體哪種形式則需要我們根據語法去進一步判斷；這里尤為值得注意的是：v-ed和v-ing極有

可能是分詞轉換成的形容詞，對于這類臥底詞，千萬留意。比如acquire這個詞在academicskillsheacquired

和newlyacquiredskills中，前后截然不同。這時就要把它一律看成動詞（包括上述的三小類），再根據是

否缺失形容詞去斷定選項。

4.如果選項中出現一組近義詞或反義詞，要結合上下文先試填，細細揣摩文意再敲定答案。因為這里面有一

個是干擾項，它注重考查的是詞匯的精確理解，要求考生分析清楚其細微的區別。

第二步：通讀全文，選詞填空

用較快速度，沉著冷靜地逐詞逐句去讀，一遍下來至少理解90%的內容。選詞填空的選項詞義互不關聯，

詞性也不同，而且還有干擾項，所以一定要先了解文章大意，帶著文章脈絡去找選項。讀的時候設空處前

后的詞重點留意，這對確定動詞的具體形式，或根據相關詞找固定搭配極為重要。

提醒：通讀就是根據首段原則以及首末句原則，迅速抓住文章的主題。判斷主題對篇章的整體理解把握具

有極大的作用。

我們在選擇時，根據掌握的語法來初步判定每個空所填詞匯的詞性，縮小范圍，然后根據上下文的文意確

定答案。如何判定原文空缺處所需單詞的詞性？

第三步：復讀全文，謹慎調整，確定答案

填空完成后，再次復讀，自我感覺上下文是否通順，邏輯關系是否連貫。

"局考解密<<考點一：動詞的確定

一個簡單句有且只有一處謂語動詞，一個完整的句子出現之后再跟逗號，后面的動詞一般就是非謂語動詞

形式了。判斷動詞時，可以從謂語和非謂語進行區分；如果是謂語，結合主謂一、時態、語態、固定搭配

及詞義去辨析，縮小范圍。

a.前后都是名詞性或名詞短語，中間一般是動詞,時態確定看前后文；

b.空格前是名詞或代詞，后面沒有賓語，填不及物動詞（定從中除外）；

c.空格前是名詞或代詞，后面是副詞或介詞，空格處填不及物動詞并與后面的介詞構成固定搭配；

d.注意不定時符號to后跟動詞原形，介詞to后跟名詞或動名詞；

e.情態動詞后面跟動詞原形；

f.空格前面是系動詞，后跟形容詞（可以是形容詞化的分詞）。

（2023?上海徐匯二模）

A.academicB.previouslyC.submitD.assessedE.classifier

F.controversyG.subscribedH.detectI.typicallyJ.accessK.labelled

OpenAIreleases“notfullyreliable59tooltodetectAIgeneratedcontent

ChatGPThasbeencreatingwavesacrosstheinternetwithitswritingabilityandresponsestorequests.Theuse

ofChatGPThasbeenfullof31.Therehavebeenconcernsthatstudentscanusethistoolto____32____

Ai-generatedworkandclaimitastheirown.

OpenAI,theresearchlaboratorybehindChatGPT,hasreleasedatooldesignedto____33____whethertexthas

beenwrittenbyartificialintelligence,butwarnsifsnotcompletelyreliable-yet.InablogpostonTuesday,OpenAI

linkedtoanew34toolthathasbeentrainedtodistinguishbetweentextwrittenbyahumanandthatwritten

byavarietyofAI,notjustChatGPT.

（2023?上海奉賢二模）

A.lonelyB.conveyC.touchesD.inconvenienceE.widelyF.accompanying

G.compositionH.capturesI.abandonJ.sensoryK.wearing

Earlyonhefoundthatpaintlaidonwithpaintingknivesgavehimtheparticularbodyandtexture（質地）hewantedto

____12____hissubjects.Theknifeiscapableofanenormousvarietyofmarks,fromdelicate13tofierce

sweepingandslicesofpaint.Theknifedsharpedgedmarkscreatetheirowndynamicoflightandshade.Alan

possessesmanypaintingknivesofdifferentsizes,buttendstofavourthreeorfour,whicharenow____14____thin

withconstantuse.Heisstilldiscoveringnewpossibilitieswiththeknife,drivenbythedemandsofanewsubject.

AlthoughAlan'spaintingsaremadeinthestudio,theyareallcomposedfromdrawingsmadeoutdoors.These

drawingsaretheseedcomonwhichallhispaintingsarebased.Themarksthatgodownonpapermakesurehe

____15____notjusttheactualscenebutalsothechanginglight,thedirectionofthewindandthe16sounds

andsmells.

考點二：名詞的確定

名詞主要做主語賓語，有時也做定語;

a.形容詞后或名詞后可以出現名詞；

b.限定詞之后（尤其是三類前位限定詞：冠詞、指示代詞、形物代，其后必有名詞）；

c.謂語之前必有名詞或相當于名詞的主語（祈使句除外）；

d.介詞之后必有名詞或相當于名詞的詞；

（2023?上海黃埔二模）

A.automaticallyB.coexistC.conceptD.discontinuedE.discouraged

F.necessarilyG.optimismH.pricedI.profit-generatingJ.promotionalK.trash

TooGoodToGo

Aroundthecountry,appsthatconnectcustomerstobusinesseswithleftoverfoodhavebeguntospread.The

___11issimple:Restaurantsandgrocerystoresthrowawayhugeamountsoffoodeveryday.Ratherthan

___12it,appslikeTooGoodToGoandFlashfoodhelpbusinessessellitatareducedprice.Theyclaimthatthe

businessesandbuyersarehelpingtheenvironmentbecausethefoodwouldotherwisebecomefoodwaste,abig

contributortoclimatechange.

Severalfoodwasteexpertsexpressed___14___thatthesetypesofappscouldhelplimittheamountofwasted

food.Andeventhoughcharitableorganizationsoftenredirectunwantedfoodfromrestaurantsandgrocerystoresto

foodbanksandcommunitykitchens,there?sspaceforallofthesekindsofsolutionsto___15___.

（2023?上海普陀二模）

A,confirmedB.measurableC.previouslyD.determineE.trackingF.habitable

G.virtuallyH.sensitiveI.protectJ.surprisedK.system

ANewExoplanetintheSystem

In2014,datafromNASA'sKeplerSpaceTelescopeallowedastronomerstoannouncethedetectionofthree

planetsorbitingKepler-138.Thiswasbasedona11dipinstarlightastheplanetmomentarilypassedin

frontoftheirstar,atransit.

BennekeandhiscolleagueDianaDragomir,fromtheUniversityofNewMexico,cameupwiththeideaof

re-observingtheplanetary12withtheHubbleandSpitzerspacetelescopesbetween2014and2016to

catchmoretransitsofKepler-138d,thethirdplanetinthesystem,inordertostudyitsatmosphere.

考點三：形容詞的確定

形容詞，這里也可以包括形容詞化的分詞，通常作定語或表語，位置比較靈活，具體如下：

a.名詞的前面或后面；

b.副詞的前后；

c.系動詞后面。

（2023?上海虹口二模）A.accessibleB.criterionC.concentrateD.reducedE.evolvedF.explore

G.hostH.interactI.restorativeJ.stimulationK.verbalize

Supportingthistheory,onestudyfoundthatchildrenwithattention-deficithyperactivitydisorder(ADHD)were

betterableto13followinga20-minutewalkinthepark,comparedtoa20-minutewalkonthestreetsofa

well-kepturbanarea.Beingexposedtograssandtreesseemedtohavehadabeneficialeffectontheirminds.The

authorsrecommendedusingsuch“doses(齊量)ofnature^^asasafeand14wayofsupportingchildrenwith

ADHD,alongsideothertools.

Besidesthese15effects,outdoorplaycanoffervaluablelearningexperiences.Forexample,playing

withmudorsandcanhelpchildrendevelopthewaytheirsensesandmovement16,whichallowsthechild

tograduallyunderstandhisorherbodilysignals.

Whenitcomestothechild'sphysicalhealth,themostobviousadvantageofoutdoorplaymaybetheexercise.A

childmayfinditeasiertobuildupstrengthandenduranceinalargeopenspaceresultingina(n)____19____riskof

overweight,accordingtoonestudyledbyElizabethGershoff,professorofhumandevelopmentandfamilysciences

attheUniversityofTexasatAustin,US.

考點四：副詞的確定

a.動詞的附近；

b.形容詞附近；

c.句子結構完整，不缺成分時。

這里強調一下，滿分的考生都是善于運用邏輯和語言知識儲備去解題，邏輯技能的訓練和語言知識儲備的強

大缺一不可。

（2023?上海青浦二模）

A.motivateB.accidentallyC.highlightingD.plantationsE.engaging

F.apparentG.purposeH.sensitiveI.increasinglyJ.decentK.treat

LarsChittka,abehavioralecologistatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,andhiscolleagues____13____came

acrossthenewevidence.Theteamwasstudyinghowbumblebeeslearncomplexbehaviorsfromtheircomradesby

trainingtheinsectstomovewoodenballstospecificlocations.

（2023?上海普陀二模）

A,confirmedB.measurableC.previouslyD.determineE.trackingF.habitable

G.virtuallyH.sensitiveI.protectJ.surprisedK.system

Theresearchershadanothersurprise:theyfoundthatthetwowaterworldsKepler-138canddaretwinplanets,

with____18____thesamesizeandmass,whiletheywerepreviouslythoughttobegreatlydifferent.Thecloser-in

planet,Kepler-138b,ontheotherhand,is19tobeasmallMars-massplanet,oneofthesmallestexoplanets

knowntodate.

考點五：非謂語動詞的確定

非謂語動詞的確定：動名詞作主語、動詞賓語和介詞賓語、表語、定語。分詞作表語、賓補、定語、狀語。

有不定式標志to,空格處應填入動詞原形；另一種情況to是介詞，后面應填入動名詞。例：

（2023?上海松江二模）A.dismissedB.faintlyC.foreignD.grantedE.journeyedF.mysterious

G.overlookH.promiseIreflectionJ.typicallyK.version

Long___33___asacommonfieldflower,unworthyofseriousattentionbytheartist,poetorgardener,the

daffodilenjoyedarevivalthanksinparttoWordsworth'spoem.Today,ifseasyto____34____thedaffodilforwe

canfinditalmosteverywhere,ingardensorinart.

核心素養?微專題

A.environmentB.necessarilyC.allowedD.cheatedE.internationalF.admitted

G.hardlyH.necessaryI-joyJ.communicationK.difficulty

Afriendofmineonceaskedme:"WhyshouldaChinesetaketimetolearnalanguagethatisnothisown?”

Obviouslyhehas___1inlearningaforeignlanguage.HeisnottheonlyonewhoismentallyagainstEnglish

learning.Onereason,asIsuspect,isthewayEnglishistaught.Theemphasisonmemorizationissuchthatno

___2isleftintheprocessoflearning,onlyendlessannoyance.Whatstudentsarepresentedintheclassroomis

notthelanguageinreal-world___3.AChinesestudentwithextremelyhighscoresforAmericanstandardized

testswas___4intooneofthemostfamousuniversities.Buthisprofessorssoonfoundoutthathe

could___5understandthelesson.Suspectingthathe___6inthetests,theschooldemandedherepeatthem.

Again,hepassedwithhighscores.Nottillthendidtheyrealizethatthestudenthadmasteredthetechniquesfor

dealingwiththetests,not___7theskillsofusingthelanguage.

ManypeopletakeTOFEL,IELTS,GRE,annualBand4andBand6examsnotbecausetheyworkinareas

whereEnglishisa(n)8tool,butbecausetheyhavetodoitforjobpromotionorenrolmentincertain

programs.

MustEnglishlearningbesuchapainintheneck?

Createa(n)___9wherelearningEnglishisnaturalandpainless.Don'tmakeitcompulsoryforpeople

whoseworkormajordoesnotrequireit.Chinawillnotbecomemore___10___byaddingmillionsofpeoplewho

canonlysayasimple"Hello”.

[Keys]:KIJFGDBHAE

【解析】：

第一步：詞性分類

A.environmentn.B.necessarilyadv.C.allowedv./adjD.cheatedv./adj.

E.internationaladj.F.admittedv./adj.G.hardlyadv.H.necessaryadj.

!■joyn_J.communicationn.K.difficultyn.

在進行這一步時要注意兩個問題：

1.在英文中有的單詞不只有一個詞性，比如大家常見的visit、access、approach、challenge、change等就即

有名詞詞性又有動詞詞性。

2.以-ing或-ed結尾的詞既可能是動詞，也可能是由現在分詞或過去分詞轉變而成的形容詞。例如：sleeping

在"Sheissleeping.”中就是動詞，而在"sleepingbeauty”中就是形容詞，答題時以動詞為首選進行判斷。

第二步：抓住中心，略讀文章

首先要抓住文章首句，迅速找到文章的主題詞或主題。和完型填空一樣，一般文章第一句不設空格，以便

讓考生知道本文的相關主題詞或主題。建議使用略讀的方法，以快速掌握文章大意。

第三步：確定空格詞性，填詞入空

首先，根據語法知識確認可以被填入此空的詞性，然后按第一步中標注出的詞性進行篩選，最后將備選詞

逐個代入空中細讀句意，考慮上下問邏輯關系做出選擇。

以示例中第一個空為例，空前面的詞是has,這時出現兩種情況：

1.has是及物動詞后面可以加賓語，需要填入一個名詞。

2.has是現在完成時的助動詞，后面需要使用過去分詞。

也就是說名詞性的environment,joy,excitement,difficulty和過去分詞形式的allowed,admitted,cheated都有可

能。但是空后面的是一個介詞in而allowed,admitted都是及物動詞后面加賓語時不需要介詞，所以空中只

能從environment,joy,excitement,difficulty四個名詞和cheated中選取。根據上下文，此空應為"困難”，而且

符合句型havedifficultyindoing,故選difficulty。然后請在difficulty的K處用筆作個記號，表示已用過了。

確認空格處詞性的規律：

L確定空格為名詞

(1)如果空格前面為冠詞a/an/the、形容詞adj.或者及物動詞vt.,空格處應填入名詞。示例第三空

communication(交流)

(2)如果空格前面是介詞，空格充當該介詞的賓語，需填入一個名詞。示例第二空ioy

(3)如果空格后面是謂語動詞的，且空格前沒有句子主語，空格處應填入該動詞的主語(名詞)。示例第九空

environment

2.確定空格為動詞

(1)如果空格前面已經有名詞或代詞做主語，后面又有名詞或代詞作為動詞的賓語，且中間無謂語動詞，空

格處應為及物動詞。

(2)如果空格處前面是be動詞，后面又無賓語且句意為被動，空格中應填及物動詞的過去

分詞。示例第四空admitted

(3)如果空格前面是名詞或代詞做主語，后面沒有賓語或有一個介詞加賓語，且中間無謂語

動詞，空格處應填不及物動詞。示例第六空cheated

(4)如果空格處前面是名詞或代詞做主語，后面是形容詞，空格應填入系動詞或be動詞。

(5)如果空格處前有不定式標志to,空格處應填入動詞原形；另一種情況to是介詞，后面應填入動名詞。

3.確定空格為形容詞

(1)如果空格后面為名詞的，空格處可能填入形容詞。示例第八空necessary

(2)如果空格處前面是副詞的，空格處可能填入形容詞。

(3)如果空格處前面是系動詞或be動詞的，空格處可能填入形容詞作表語。示例第十空international

4.確定空格為副詞

(1)如果空格處前面或者后面為動詞的，空格處可能填入副詞。示例第五空hardly

(2)如果空格處后面是形容詞的，空格處可能填入副詞。

第四步：跳讀檢查

只讀有空格的句子，檢查句意是否通順。之后，再通讀全文，進行再次檢查。

______

05

1.【上海市復旦大學附屬中學2022-2023學年高三下學期3月月考英語試題】

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethat

thereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.stemB.dotC.attributableD.exceededE.overlookF.exposed

G.drainageH.emergingI.sinkingJ.accessK.established

TheMega-CityEnvironment

Mega-citiessufferfromacatalogofenvironmentalills.AWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)/UnitedNations

EnvironmentProgram(UNEP)studyfoundthatsevenofthecities-MexicoCity,Beijing,Cairo,Jakarta,LosAngeles,

SaoPauloandMoscow-hadthreeormorepollutantsthat11theWHOhealthprotectionguidelines.All20

ofthecitiesstudiedbyWHO/UNEPhadatleastonemajorpollutantthatwentbeyond12healthlimits.

AccordingtotheWorldResourcesInstitute,"'Millionsofchildrenlivingintheworld'slargestcities,particularly

indevelopingcountries,are13tolife-threateningairpollutiontwotoeighttimesabovethemaximumbased

onWHOguidelines.Indeed,morethan80percentofalldeathsindevelopingcountries14toair

pollution-inducedlunginfectionsareamongchildrenunderfive.^^InthebigAsianmega-citiessuchasNewDelhi,

BeijingandJakarta,approximately20to30percentofallrespiratorydiseases15fromairpollution.

Almostallofthemega-citiesfacemajorfreshwaterchallenges.Johannesburg,SouthAfrica,isforcedtodraw

waterfromhighlands370milesaway.InBangkok,saltwaterisinvadingaquifers（地下蓄水層）.MexicoCityhasa

serious16problembecauseofexcessivegroundwaterwithdrawal.

Morethanabillionpeople,20percentoftheworld'spopulation,livewithoutregular17toclean

runningwater.Whilepoorpeopleareforcedtopayhighfeesforprivatewater,manycitiessquandertheirresources

throughleakagesandillegal18.“Withthepopulationofcitiesexpectedtoincreasetofivebillionby2025,“

saysKlausToepfer,executivedirectoroftheUNEP,"theurbandemandforwaterissettoincreaserapidly.This

meansthatanysolutiontothewatercrisisiscloselylinkedtothegovernanceofcities."

Mega-cityresidents,crowdedintounsanitaryslums,arealsosubjecttoseriousdiseaseoutbreaks.Lima,

Peru（withpopulationestimatedat9.4millionby2015）sufferedacholeraoutbreakinthelate1990spartlybecause,as

theNewYorkTimesreported,“ruralpeoplenewtoLima...liveinhouseswithoutrunningwaterandusethe

outhouses（屋夕卜廁所）that19thehillsidesabove."

It'sworthlookingatsomeofthese20_____mega-citiesindetail,becausedailylifethereislikelytobethe

patternforamajorityoftheworld'spopulation.Mostarealreadyexperiencingsevereenvironmentalproblemsthat

willonlybeworsenedbyrapidpopulationincreases.

2.1上海市2022-2023學年高三下學期“六校聯合教研”質量調研英語試卷】

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethat

thereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.digestB.survivedC.barelyD.available

E.literateF.unlimitedG.thinkingH.connectivity

I.arguablyJ.remadeK.concentration

There9sbeenawarningabouttheimmediatedeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,first

itwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtobringdisasterforthewrittenworld.Nonedid.Reading

11;infact,ithasthrived.Theworldismore12thaneverbefore一therearemoreandmore

readers,andmoreandmorebooks.

Thefactthatweoftengetourreadingmaterialonlinetodayisnotsomethingweshouldworryabout.The

electronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttwodecadeshas13shownthewayforwardforreadingandfor

writing.Takethearrivalofe-bookreadersasanexample.DeviceslikeAmazon'sKindlemakereadingmore

convenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.

Astechnologymakesnewwaysofwritingpossible,newwaysofreadingarenow14.

Inter-connectivityallowforareadingexperiencethatwas15imaginablebefore.Wheretraditionalbooks

hadtomakedowithphotographsandillustrations,ane-bookcanprovidereaderswitha（n）16numberof

links:totexts,picturesandvideos.Inthefuture,thewaypeoplewritenovels,historyandphilosophywillresemble

nothingseeninthepast.

Ontheotherhand,thereisthedangerofunderestimating.OneTwittergroupisofferingitsfollowers

single-sentence-long"17ofthegreatnovels.WarandPeaceinasentence?Youmustbejoking.Weshould

fearthefragmentation（碎片化）ofreading.Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speed18oftheinternetwill

reduceourattentionspan——thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeep

19.

Insuchafast-changingworld,inwhichrealityseemstobe20eachday,weneedtheabilitytofocus

andunderstandwhatishappeningtous.Thishasalwaysbeenthefunctionofliteratureandweshouldbecarefulnot

toletitdisappear.Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmodern

technologyaswellasmakesenseofadynamicyetconfusingworld.

3.【上海交通大學附屬中學2022-2023學年高三下學期開學摸底考試英語試題】

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Note

thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.presentB.featuresC.concernedD.reportedlyE.commercialF.stretches

G.overwhelmingH.exceptionallyI.routinelyJ.sparedK.broadcasts

Modernmediaisawashinadvertisingclutter（雜舌L）,andwho'stoblame?Modemaudiencesthathate

conventionalfull-lengthandfull-sizeads.

Today'sconsumersdon'tliketopayforcontent,whichoughttocreatearichenvironmentforadvertisers.Yet

thesesameconsumersarepronetoclickorturnawaywhenaconventionaladappears.Theresultisadclutter.

YouTube___1___acombinationoffull-lengthads,skippableads,lower-screenbannersanddisplayadsonthe

pagealongsideeachvideo.Newspapersthatonceconsideredthefrontpageimportantnow___2___runadsthere.

Advertisersintegrateplugs(推至肖)intocontenttofrustratedigitalvideorecorders,whichallowviewerstowatch

programsonadelayandskipregularcommercials.Ifyouwatchregionaltelecastsofbaseballgames,thecommercial

clutterisso___3___.Adsarevisibleonthestadiumwallbehindthehome-plateumpire(裁判).On-screengraphics

includesponsorlogos.Andeverythingisapaidplug—<4Thiscalltothecoach'szoneisbroughttoyoubyVerizon.^^

AccordingtotheshowbizpaperVariety,severalstreamingservicesareabouttointroduceanewtwist:

commercialsthatstartrunningwheneveraviewerpausesaprogram.Huluintendstolaunchsuchadsthisyear.

AT&T'sDirecTVandU-verseunitswill___4___usesimilartechnologytotriggerfull-motioncommercials

wheneveraviewertriestotakeabreak.

There'salotatstake.AccordingtoVariety,NationalFootballLeague(NFL)TVbroadcastsgeneratean

estimated$4.35billioninadrevenueduringthe17-weekregularseason.NFL___5___arenowloadedwithmini

commercialsthatpopupwhenthereisabriefpauseintheaction,oftenin“doubleboxes“thatshowaviewofthe

fieldinoneframeanda(n)___6___intheother.

Interestingly,withno"screen“toworkwith,radioisonemediumthathastriedforsometimetobuckthetrend.

Manycommercialstationstradeclutterforclusters—thatis,asolidblockofcommercialsrunningfiveminutesor

more,followedbylengthycommercial-free___7___oftime.

Butwhereverascreenisinvolved,oraprintedpage,adclutteris___8___everywhere.Programmersand

advertiserscan'treallybeexpectedtolimitthis;ifsafactofbusiness.Consumers,ontheotherhand,canoptfor

commercial-freecontent—ifthey'rewillingtopayforit.

Butgettinglimitlesscontentwithoutpayingwhilealsobeing___9___heavyadvertisingintrusionsisimpossible.

Asmediaenvironmentispermanentlycluttered,audiencesshouldbe___10___withwhattheywishfor.

4.【上海市同濟大學第一附屬中學2022-2023學年高三下學期3月月考英語試題】

E-Scooters

A.regardlessB.chargedC.optionD.mostlyE.transformative.F.powered

G.connectivityH.prospectsI.popularityJ.championsK.invasion

Overthepasttwoyears,electricscootershavebecomeever-presentinmanyofEuropeandAmerica'sbiggest

cities.BritainisthelastmajorwesternEuropeancountrytoholdoutagainstthe___11___.E-scootersarenotallowed

onpublicroads,thoughpeopledoridethemoncycleLanesandpavements___12___.Butwheretheyarepermitted,

e-scootersharingcompanies

setupinlargenumbers.Totheir___13___,e-scootersarerevolutionary:the"iPhoneOfurbantransport".Totheir

critics,theyaredangerous,anti-socialandveryannoying.

Aswithadockless(無樁)bike,scootersarefittedwithGPStrackersandwireless___14___Customers

downloadanappandscanaQRcodeonthescootertounlockit.Theyarethen___15___asmallamount.Bird,which

launcheditse-scooterinSantaMonica,CaliforniainSeptember2017charges$1plus15centsperminute,onaverage,

intheUS-totravelwheretheywanttogo,atamaximumspeedofaround15mph.Atnight,thescootersarerounded

up,chargedandreturnedto16.

E-Scootershavethepotentialtosolvesomeoftheworldsbiggesttransportproblems.Mostcitiesarealready

dangerouslypollutedandheavilycongested,anditissimplynota(n)17toputmorecarsandtaxisonthe

streets.Scootersareefficient;onekilowatthourofenergycarri