新人教版選擇性必修四Unit1Sciencefiction單元檢測卷

一、單詞拼寫(共10小題；每小題0.5分，滿分5分)

l.Theamountofalcoholinhisbloodwasthreetimesthelegalm.

2.Amy'ssamonthisnotenoughtomeetherneeds.

3.Ifyouwerewrong,admitit.Youwon'tlosed,butwillgainrespect.

4.Wereceivedseveralanswers,andwepickedoneatr.

5.Thebossthreatenedtodhimfromhisjobifyoudon'tworkhard.

6.Thecompanywantstokeepdown(勞動)costs.

7.(皮革)goodsareverypopularinthatcountry.

8.My(侄女)isahigh-schoolgraduate.

9.Everyworkerwillreceivea(獎金)thisyear.

10.Peterisalwaysregardedasamanof(誠實正直).

二、單句語法填空(共10小題；每小題0.5分，滿分5分)

1.JackandMikeplaytennistwice(week).

2.Dowehavetomakean(appoint)beforewegotothemuseum?

3.1taughtmydaughterhowtodo(divide)whenshewassix.

4.It's(ridicule)tobelievethattheearthgoesaroundthemoon.

5.1felt(guilt)aboutnotvisitingmyparentsmoreoften.

6.Thefirmislookingfordynamicindividualstobe(salesman).

7.Thetwosideswillsignthe(declare)tomorrow.

8.The(explode)madeamassiveholeintheground.

9.The(calculate)wasdamagedaccidentally,andweneededtobuyanewone.

10.Thephoto(suspend)onthewallremindsmeofthescenesinthesciencefiction.

三、完成句子(共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分)

1.現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)準備好測試代碼了。

Wearenowreadytothecode.

2.城市生活和在鄉(xiāng)村生活各有各的優(yōu)缺點。

Thereareofcitylifeandcountrylife.

3.我是接手這份工作的最佳人選。

Iamtheidealpersontothejob.

4.這些結(jié)果與早期的發(fā)現(xiàn)相矛盾。

Theseresultsearlierfindings.

5.通常情況下，冷飲的銷售額在冬季減少。

Thesalesofcolddrinksusuallyinwinter.

四、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

TheBazaarofBadDreams

Author:StephenKing

USauthorStephenKingiswell-knownforcreatingcontemporaryhorror,supernaturalfiction

andsciencefictionstories.Hislatestbookdeliversagenerouscollectionofstorieswithhidden

connections.Themasterstorytelleralsoincludesinsightintowhyandhowhecametowritethem.

MagnusChaseandtheGodsofAsgard

Autho亡RickRiordan

AtroubledkidnamedMagnusChasehaslivedaloneonthestreetsofBostonsincehis

mother'smysteriousdeath.HislifechangeswhenhemeetsUncleRandolph,amanhismother

warnedhimabout.RandolphrevealsthatChaseisthesonofaNorsegod.Chaseisthentasked

withsearchingforalostweapontosavetheworldfrommonsters.

LittleVictories:PerfectRulesforImperfectLiving

Autho亡JasonGay

Therearealwaysmomentsinourliveswhenwefeeldoomed（注定）tobeimperfect.Inthis

collectionofhumorousessays,WallStreetJournalcolumnistJasonGaytellsusthat,whenwe

messthingsup,weshouldjustgiveourselvesabreakandcelebratethethingswedidright.

ThingExplainer:ComplicatedStuffinSimpleWords

Author:RandallMunroe

Haveyoueverbeenpuzzledbycomplexterminology（術(shù)語）？Hasitpreventedyoufrom

learningaboutscience?Thisfascinatingbookprovidessimpleexplanationsandlinedrawingsto

explainessentialscienceconcepts.Thebook'sauthoristhemanbehindthepopularscienceblog——

WhatIf.

1.Whatdothefirsttwobookshaveincommon?

A.Theyarebothhumorous.B.Theyarebothscienceessays.

C.Theyarenotaboutreallife.D.Theyarebothcollectionsofstories.

2.Whosebookisyourbestchoicewhenyoufeeldissatisfiedwithlife?

A.StephenKing.B.JasonGay.

C.RickRiordan.D.RandallMunroe.

3.WhatdoesRandallMunroedifferfromtheotherauthors?

A.He'swrittenastoryaboutthesonofNorsegod.

B.Heinspiresreaderstoliveaperfectlife.

C.Heiswell-knownforsupernaturalfictions.

D.Hewritesblogpostsonpopularscience.

B

Ibelieveinthepowerofsciencefiction,notjustforitscapacitytotransformdreamsinto

reality,butalsoforitspowertobondtogetherthosewhoshareacommonvisionofthefuture.For

me,thafstrueformyrelationshipwithmydad.Somefathersandsonsbondoversports,fishing

orhunting,butmydadandIbondoverStarTrek.WetriedatriptoDisneyWorld,butoneofmy

earliestmemorieswasn'tMickey,butaKlingonbattlecruiser（巡洋艦）onthescreen.

Overtheyears,nearlyeverysettingandsituationhasbecomefarawayformydadandme.

Whenit'swarmatnight,we'renotdrivingalongsomedarkstreetsinIndiana,butgoingataslow

speedwithstarsdimlyshining.Bothofusarethinkingofthem,withoutneedingtosayaword.All

thesevisionsofotheruniverseshavetogethercreatedaprivateuniverseformydadandme.

GeneRodenberry,creatorofStarTrek,oncesaid,"Sciencefictionisawayofthinking,away

oflogicthatbypasses（繞過）alotofnonsense.Itallowspeopletolookdirectlyatimportant

subjects.^^Alifetimeofsciencefictionhasinfluencedmorethanjustmyrelationshipwithmydad,

buthasalsohelpedmeshapemyownhopesforthefuture.Tmnowasciencewriter.

Yes,sciencefictionhasmademeintoa"nerd”（書呆子），anditalsohasbeenasourceofjoy

formyfamily,makingmeanoptimistwhileenablingmetothinkcriticallyaboutthedangerof

technology.Thankthoseauthorswhohavesharedtheirvisions;theworldandmyfamilyarebetter

forit.Thankmydad,whoisboththebeststorytellerandthebestmanIhaveeverknownbecause

hehelpedmerealizethetruthofTennyson'swords,“SinceIdippedintothefuture,Isawthe

visionoftheworld,andallthewondersthatwouldbe.”

4.Whatisthespecialbondbetweentheauthorandhisfather?

A.Theirsimilardreams.B.Theirloveforeachother.

C.Theircommoninterest.D.Theirhatredforscience.

5.Whatdoestheauthormainlyshowinparagraph2?

A.Hisdeepimpressiononhisdad.

B.Hisfeelingofstayingwithhisdad.

C.Hisearliestmemoryofhisdad.

D.Hisgoodrelationshipwithhisdad.

6.Howdoessciencefictionhelptheauthoratpresent?

A.Itleadshimtopursueadesirablecareer.

B.Itbringshimthecouragetolivebetter.

C.Ithelpshimrealizethedangeroftechnology.

D.Itmakeshimbecomeasourceofhisfamily'sjoy.

7.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheWondersofScience

B.ThePowerofScienceFiction

C.TheVersionsofScienceFiction

D.TheTimeTogetherwithMyFather

C

We'reincreasinglyrelyingonautomationandartificialintelligenceineverydaylife.Butwe

stilldon'tquitetrustrobotsandfeartheywilltakeourjobs.

Humankindhasacomplicatedrelationshipwithrobots.Ontheonehand,weappreciatehow

theycandodangerous,repetitiveworkthatwedon'havetodo.Robotsdon'tneedvacationsor

medicalinsurance.Andinareassuchasagriculture,wherefarmerscan'tfindenoughpeopleto

picktheproduce,robotscanshouldersomeofthosetasks.Butpolls（民意調(diào)查）showthatthe

growingrobotizationoftheplanetmakesusfeeldeeplyagitatedandthreatened.

PewResearchCentersurveysfoundthatmorethan80percentofAmericansbelievedthatby

2050,robotswoulddomuchoftheworkhumansnowdo-andabout75percentbelievedthat

wouldmakeeconomicinequalityworse.Acrosslinesofrace,age,andeducation,peoplewhosaid

automationhashurtworkersoutnumberedthosewhosaidifshelpedworkersbytwotoone.

NationalGeographicsentDavidBerrebyaroundtheworldtolookatthepresentandfuture

stateofrobotsinsociety.

“RobotsnowdeliverfoodinMiltonKeynes,England,carrysuppliesinaDallashospital,

disinfect（給...消毒）patients9roomsinChinaandsomeEuropeancountries,andwanderparks

inSingapore,askingpedestrians（行人）tomaintainsocialdistance,89,10Berrebywrites.

“It'sanunavoidablefactthatwearegoingtohavemachinesandartificialcreatureswhich

willbeapartofourdailylifb,“CarnegieMellonUniversityAIroboticistManuelaVelosotold

Berreby."Whenyoustartacceptingrobotsaroundyou,likeathirdspecies,alongwithpetsand

humans,youwanttorelatetothem.”

Athirdspecies?Thafsanewideaindeed.Butwe'renotthereyet.Sofar,Berrebyreports,

robotscan'tequalthehumanmind'sabilitytodoalotofdifferenttasks,especiallyunexpected

ones,androbotshaven'tyetmasteredcommonsense——allskillsrequiredtobeamagazineeditor.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"agitated“inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Disappointed.B.Proud.

C.Comfortable.D.Worried.

9.WhatdidPewResearchCentersurveysshow?

A.Mostpeopleregardedworkplaceautomationasgood.

B.Mostpeopleagreedrobotshelpedstimulatetheeconomy.

C.Morepeoplethoughtrobotsdidmoreharmthangood.

D.Morepeoplefearedrobotswouldbringmoresocialproblems.

10.WhatdoesDavidBerreby'sdescriptioninparagraph5imply?

A.Peopleenjoyrobots9company.

B.Peoplehaveagrowingrelianceonrobots.

C.Robotswillposeaseriousthreattohumans.

D.Robotswillsoonreplacehumansinmanyfields.

11.WhatisDavidBerreby'sattitudetoacceptingrobotsasathirdspecies?

A.Disapproving.B.Favorable.

C.Concerned.D.Reserved.

D

The“FatherofScienceFiction,JulesVerne,livedintheeraofsteamshipsandtelegraphs,

butwasabletoimaginetechnologiesthatwouldn'tbeinventedfbroveracentury.

Verneisn'ttheonlysciencefictionwritertoenvision（想象）inventionsandculturalchanges

longbeforetheybecameapartofeverydaylife.AldousHuxleypredictedantidepressantsinhis

novelBraveNewWorld,publishedin1932.JohnBrunnerpredictedelectriccarsinhisbook,

StandonZanzibar,publishedin1968.

Butreally,readinguponVerne'snovelsmademewonderhowhewasabletopredictso

muchandwritesotechnicallywhenhewasn'tatrainedscientist,physicistorengineer.Howdid

hedoit?

Likealotofpeople,Verne'sparentshadtheirownideasabouthiscareer.Theyhadtheir

heartssetonVemebecomingalawyer.Heknewhewantedtobeawriter,butplayedalongand

wenttoschooltobecomealawyerlikehisfather.

Really,VernewasmostlypretendingtostudylawinPariswhileholingupintheNational

LibraryofFranceandporingover（鉆研）articlesondiscoveriesingeologyandscience.

Eventually,hecamecleanwithhisfamilythathewantedtowriteinanewgenre（風(fēng)格）that

combinedtravelandscience.

Whilehestudiedscientificjournalsandletalloftheage'scutting-edgediscoveriesfeedthe

firesofhisimagination,Vemesurroundedhimselfwithpeoplewhocouldbeusefulforhiswriting.

Hisbrotherwasanavalofficer,andVemewouldoftenaskhimtodouble-checkwhathehad

writtenaboutshipsandmaritimetravel.Healsoaskedhiscousin,amathprofessor,tolookathis

equations（等式）andaminingengineerfriendtohelphimwithphysics,accordingtoauthor

WalterJamesMiller,whowroteannotations（評注）toVerne'sTwentyThousandLeaguesUnder

theSea.

“Hepredictedalotofthingsthathavehappened,butthat'sbecausehewasreadingalotand

talkingwithpeoplewhoknewwhatwasgoingonintheworldaroundhim,sowhyshouldwebe

surprised?^^accordingtoRosalindWilliams,ahistorianattheMassachusettsInstituteof

Technology（MIT）.“Itwasn'tmagic.Hewasjustpayingattentiontothings,9,shesaid.

12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.TheachievementsofVerne'snovels.

B.Sciencefictionwriters5writingprocess.

C.Examplesofwriterswhopredictedthefuture.

D.ThedifferencesbetweenVerne'sworksandotherwriters5works.

13.WhatdoweknowaboutVerne?

A.Hepredictedelectriccars.

B.Heliveduptohisparents5expectations.

C.Hepreferredstudyinglawratherthangeology.

D.Hespentmostofhistimereadingaboutscientificdiscoveries.

14.WhydidVernesurroundhimselfwithpeoplewhocouldbeusefiilforhiswriting?

A.Hedrewinspirationfromthem.

B.Hewantedtoborrowmoneyfromthem.

C.Heplannedtocreatefiguresbasedonthem.

D.Heaskedthemtocheckthescientificfactsinhisnovels.

15.WhatdidRosalindWilliamssayaboutVerne?

A.Hesucceededbecauseheputalotofeffortintohiswriting.

B.Hemadeabigcontributiontotechnologicaladvances.

C.Hemadesomemistakesinhisnovels.

D.Hepredictedthefuturebychance.

五、七選五（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余

選項。

Sciencefictionshortstoriesareagenreofshortstorieswithaplotthatdealswithscienceand

thelatesttechnology.Thistypeofstoryissuitableforyoungpeoplewhoareexcitedabout

learningandexploringnewthings.]

ExpandyourEnglishvocabulary.

Asyoureadasci-fistory,youwillcomeacrosswordsthatyoudon'tunderstand.Everytime

youcomeacrossadifficultword,youshouldlookitupinthedictionaryandfindoutitsmeaning.2

Improveyourimagination.

Anotherbenefitisthatitcanimproveyourimaginationandhelpyoubecomemorecreative.

Therearetimeswhenyoufindyourimaginationisnotcreativeenoughandyougetstuckwhen

youaretryingtocomeupwithsomeideasforacreativeproject.3Byimprovingyour

imagination,youwillbeabletocreatebettergames,createmorecreativeartsandwritebetter

storiesofyourown.

Spendyourfreetimemeaningfully.

4Whenyoureadasci-fistory,youarelearningsomethinginsteadofwastingtime

doingthingsthatwillnotbenefityou.Everysecondoftimecountsandyoudon'twanttoletitslip

awaywithoutdoingsomethingusefultoimproveyourself.

5

Ifyoureadalotofsci-fistories,youwillhavethingstotalktopeopleinconversations.If

youhavenothingtotalkaboutinconversations,peoplewillfindyouboring.Ifyouknowalotof

stories,youcanmentionthemtoapersonyouhavemetandthiscansparkup（激起）an

interestingconversation.

A.Developagoodreadinghabit.

B.Giveyousomethingtotalkabout.

C.Makingfulluseofyourtimecanhelpyoutodevelopadisciplinedlifestyle.

D.Thefollowingarebenefitsofreadingshortstoriesinthesciencefictiongenre.

E.Regularlyreadingsci-fistoriesallowsyoutospendyoursparetimemeaningfully.

F.Themoresciencefictionstoriesyouread,thewideryourvocabularywillbecome.

G.Asyoureadthroughastory'splots,youwillbeabletoimaginetheplotsinyourmindvividly.

六、完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的

最佳選項。

Inmanyways,GitanjaliRaoisanordinary11-year-old,livelyandchatty,yetherscientific

spiritmakesahugedifference.Lastmonth,she]thetopprizeattheDiscoveryEducation

3MYoungScientistChallengeforherinvention.

What2Gitanjali'sworkwasthathercityfacedawateremergencywithtoomuchlead

initswater.t4Theideadidn't3tomeuntilIsawmyparentstrytodowatertests.Thetest

stripsmayshowinaccurateresults,whichweren'tvery4Jsherecalls.Shethensearchedfor

suitablematerialswithcontinuedeffortsand5foundthatcarbonnanotube（納米管）sensors

canbeusedtosensechemicals.Gitanjali6tobuildasmallbluehousingusingthe3-D

printeratherschoolwithcomputerchipsandabatteryinside.Afreeapp,whichGitanjali

designedunder7fromhercomputerscienceteacher,givesinstant

8andsendsthedatatoalinkedphonethroughanattacheddevice.

Theprocessofdesigningherprojectwasn'talways9,though.KathleenShafer,a

scientistpairedwithGitanjaliasherteacherinsummer,10alongtheway.Intheaward

ceremony,Gitanjalialso11herparentswithconstantsupportand12totry"crazy

ideas”.Gitanjalireceived$25,000tofurtherdevelopherprogramalongwiththegreat13of

winningthecontest.AccordingtoShafer,who14Gitanjali,6<sheshowsalotofmotivation

tosolve15issuesthroughscience.^^

1.A.earnedB.designedC.offeredD.made

2.A.exposedB.improvedC.definedD.inspired

3.A.stickB.belongC.occurD.apply

4.A.simpleB.reliableC.predictableD.creative

5.A.initiallyB.immediatelyC.temporarilyD.eventually

6.A.managedB.promisedC.pretendedD.happened

7.A.observationB.commandC.instructionD.control

8.A.accessB.resultsC.decisionsD.approval

9.A.optionalB.completeC.continuousD.smooth

10.A.changedB.riskedC.helpedD.followed

11.A.stressedB.creditedC.impressedD.provided

12.A.encouragementB.requestC.struggleD.pressure

13.A.fortuneB.intentionC.honorD.potential

14.A.keepsupwithB.getsalongwithC.takescareofD.speakshighlyof

15.A.commercialB.practicalC.academicD.systematic

七、語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

Roboticsisacomplexfield.ButbrothersSanjayandArvindSeshanfoundanearlypassion

forit.In2014,theystartedamissiontomake]easierforotherstolearnroboticsby

creatingawebsite,2theyteachpeopletocode.

Thestorystartedwhentheywerelookingformaterialsforlearninghowtoprogram,andthey

3(realize)thattherewasnotreallyanythinggoodonline.Thentheycameup4anidea

ofcreatingabriefsetoflessonsfromwhichkidsandadultscanlearn5(easy)toprogram.

Thewebsitestartedwithbasiclessonsonroboticsandcoding.Butnowthelessonscan

supportkidswho6(involve)withroboticsforyearsandwhowanttolearnsomethingnew.

Thebrothersthoughtthatoneofthereasonswhykidslikeditwas7theywerebeingtaught

byotherkids.

Thebrothersunderstandthatroboticstakes8(patient)andlotsoftime.Theyrecalla

project9(call)Pix31Plott3r,arobotthatwouldprintpeople'spictures.Ittookthemtwo

yearstogetafullyworkingmodel,andtheymadesixormoreversions.TheSeshanbrothers9

adviceisnever10(give)upifsomethingdoesnotworkthefirsttimeandtotrydifferent

waysofsolvingtheproblem.

八、寫作(滿分15分)

假設(shè)你是晨光中學(xué)的機器人興趣小組組長李華，你的美國朋友Chris就讀于天津某國際

學(xué)校，他曾在機器人技能競賽中獲獎。你打算邀請他加入你的團隊，參加即將于7月底在天

津舉行的世界青少年機器人技能競賽。請根據(jù)以下提示代表興趣小組給他寫一封電子郵件。

內(nèi)容如下：

1.比賽的時間、地點；

2.邀請他的原因；

3.訓(xùn)練計劃將發(fā)送其郵箱，請他提出建議。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；

2.可適當加入細節(jié)，使內(nèi)容充實、行文連貫。

參考詞匯：

世界青少年機器人技能競賽theWorldAdolescentRoboticsCompetition

DearChris,

Ihavegoodnewstotellyou._____________________________________________________

I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.

Yours,

LiHua

新人教版選擇性必修四Unit1Sciencefiction

單元檢測卷參考答案

一、1.minimum2.salary3.dignity4.random5.dismiss6.1abour7.Leather8.niece9.bonus

10.integrity

二、1.weekly2.appointments,division4.ridiculous5.guilty

6.salesmen7.declaration8.explosion9.calculator10.suspended

三、1.testout2.prosandcons3.takeover4.conflictwith5.fallaway

四、

A篇

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四本暢銷書。

1.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“USauthorStephenKingiswell-knownforcreatingcontemporary

horror,supernaturalfictionandsciencefictionstories.和“RandolphrevealsthatChaseisthe

sonofaNorsegod.Chaseisthentaskedwithsearchingforalostweapontosavetheworld

frommonsters."可知，前兩本書的共同之處在于它們描寫的都不是真實的生活。故選C。

2.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WallStreetJournalcolumnistJasonGaytellsusthat,whenwemess

thingsup,weshouldjustgiveourselvesabreakandcelebratethethingswedidright.”可矢口，

當你感覺對生活不滿意的時候，JasonGay的書是你最好的選擇。故選B。

3.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thisfascinatingbookprovidessimpleexplanationsandlinedrawings

toexplainessentialscienceconcepts.Thebook'sauthoristhemanbehindthepopularscience

blog-WhatIf.”可知，RandallMunroe與其他作家的不同之處在于他在網(wǎng)上寫與大眾科

學(xué)相關(guān)的博客。故選D。

B篇

本文是一篇記敘文。作者和父親都熱愛科幻小說，它不僅幫助作者和父親建立了深厚的

感情，而且?guī)椭髡邔崿F(xiàn)了夢想。

4.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Somefathersandsonsbondoversports,fishingorhunting,

butmydadandIbondoverStarTrek."可知，作者和他的父親之間的紐帶是他們共同的興

趣愛好——《星際迷航》。故選C。

5.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whenifswarmatnight,we?renotdrivingalongsome

darkstreetsinIndiana,butgoingataslowspeedwithstarsdimlyshining.Bothofusare

thinkingofthem,withoutneedingtosayaword.Allthesevisionsofotheruniverseshave

togethercreatedaprivateuniverseformydadandme.”可知，作者和父親很享受在一起的時

光。由此可推知，作者在該段主要表明了他和父親的關(guān)系很好。故選D。

6.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的lifetimeofsciencefictionhasinfluencedmorethanjust

myrelationshipwithmydad,buthasalsohelpedmeshapemyownhopesfbrthefuture.I'm

nowasciencewriter.可知，科幻小說幫助作者追求理想的事業(yè)。故選A。

7.B標題概括題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了作者和父親都熱愛科幻小說，它不僅幫

助作者和父親建立了深厚的感情，而且?guī)椭髡邔崿F(xiàn)了夢想。因此B項“科幻小說的力量”

最適合作文章標題。故選B。

C篇

本文是一篇說明文。隨著全球機器人化的發(fā)展，越來越多的人表示了擔(dān)憂。

8.D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的“andthreatened”，再結(jié)合第一段中的“westilldon'tquite

trustrobotsandfeartheywilltakeourjobs”可知，民意調(diào)查顯示，地球日益機器人化讓我

們深感不安。故選D。

9.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“about75percentbelievedthatwouldmakeeconomic

inequalityworse以及upeoplewhosaidautomationhashurtworkersoutnumberedthosewho

saidifshelpedworkersbytwotoone?,可知，更多的人認為機器人化的弊大于利。故選C。

10.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的描述可知，機器人出現(xiàn)在人們生活中的很多領(lǐng)域，

代替人來做各種各樣的工作，由此可推斷，人類對機器人的依賴日益增加。故選B。

11.A觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Butwe'renotthereyet.Sofar,Berrebyreports,robots

can'tequalthehumanmind'sability...androbotshaven'tyetmasteredcommonsense——all

skillsrequiredtobeamagazineeditor."可知，DavidBerreby對接受機器人作為第三物種的

觀點持反對意見。故選A。

D篇

本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了儒勒?凡爾納是如何成為科幻小說之父的。

12.C段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Verneisn'ttheonlysciencefictionwritertoenvision（想

象）inventionsandculturalchangeslongbeforetheybecameapartofeverydaylife.”以及所歹U

舉的AldousHuxley和JohnBrunner可知，第二段主要列舉了幾個預(yù)測未來的科幻作家。故

選C。

13.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Vernewasmostly...holingupintheNationalLibraryof

Franceandporingover（專占研）articlesondiscoveriesingeologyandscience.,,可矢口，Verne

花了很多時間研讀科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D。

14.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Vernewouldoftenaskhimtodouble-checkwhathe

hadwrittenaboutshipsandmaritimetravel...aminingengineerfriendtohelphimwith

physics"可知，Verne與有益于自己寫作的人待在一起是為了讓他們核實自己小說中的科

學(xué)事實。故選D。

15.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“hewasreadingalotandtalkingwithpeoplewhoknew

whatwasgoingonintheworldaroundhim”可知，RosalindWilliams認為Verne的成功歸結(jié)

于他在寫作中傾注了巨大的努力。故選A。

五、

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了閱讀科幻短篇小說的好處。

1.D上文“Sciencefictionshortstoriesareagenreofshortstorieswithaplotthatdealswith

scienceandthelatesttechnology.Thistypeofstoryissuitableforyoungpeoplewhoare

excitedaboutlearningandexploringnewthings（科幻短篇小說是情節(jié)與科學(xué)和最新技術(shù)相

關(guān)的一類短篇小說，適合熱衷于學(xué)習(xí)和探索新事物的年輕人）提到了科幻短篇小說，下

文各個段落的小標題"ExpandyourEnglishvocabulary（擴充英語詞匯量）"Improveyour

imagination（提高想象力）和"Spendyourfreetimemeaningfully（讓你的空閑時間過得有

意義）.”都是閱讀科幻短篇小說的好處。所以D項”以下是閱讀科幻短篇小說的好處。”

能夠引出下文，符合題意。故選D。

2.F上文“Everytimeyoucomeacrossadifficultword,youshouldlookitupinthedictionary

andfindoutitsmeaning（每當你遇到難詞時，你應(yīng)該查閱詞典，找出詞義）指出閱讀科幻

小說過程中遇到不會的單詞應(yīng)查閱詞典，F(xiàn)項“你讀的科幻小說越多，你的詞匯量就會越

大。”則指出閱讀科幻小說并且在閱讀過程中查閱單詞詞義的好處是擴大詞匯量，符合題

意。故選F。

3.G上文“Therearetimeswhenyoufindyourimaginationisnotcreativeenoughandyouget

stuckwhenyouaretryingtocomeupwithsomeideasforacreativeproject（有時候你會覺得

自己缺乏想象力，試圖為某個創(chuàng)意項目提供一些想法卻毫無思路）.”指出有時候人們會缺

乏想象力，想不出好的創(chuàng)意；下文"Byimprovingyourimagination,youwillbeabletocreate

bettergames,createmorecreativeartsandwritebetterstoriesofyourown（通過提高想象力，

你就能創(chuàng)作出更棒的游戲，創(chuàng)作出更好的藝術(shù)作品，寫出屬于你自己的更好的小說）.”進

一步指出提高想象力的結(jié)果。G項“當你閱讀故事情節(jié)的時候，腦海里就會生動浮現(xiàn)出那

些情節(jié)畫面。”承上啟下，符合題意。故選G。

4.E設(shè)空處所在段落對應(yīng)小標題是"Spendyourfreetimemeaningfully（讓你的空閑時間過

得有意義）."；下文"Whenyoureadasci-fistory,youarelearningsomethinginsteadofwasting

timedoingthingsthatwillnotbenefityou（當你閱讀科幻小說時，你是在學(xué)習(xí)，而非虛度光

陰）.”指出閱讀科幻小說能夠讓你的空閑時間過得有意義是因為你是在學(xué)習(xí)，貝帕項“經(jīng)

常閱讀科幻小說能讓你的空閑時間過得有意義。”是該段的中心句，下文是對該主題的具

體說明，符合題意。故選E。

5.B結(jié)合篇章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處是文章第四個小標題，是閱讀科幻短篇小說的第四點好處。

下文“Ifyoureadalotofsci-fistories,youwillhavethingstotalktopeopleinconversations

（當你閱讀了大量的科幻小說，你就能和他人有得聊）說明該段落主要闡述的是閱讀科幻

小說和談資有關(guān)，B項"somethingtotalkabout,,與下文"havethingstotalktopeoplein

conversationsw相一致，符合題意。故選B。

六、

本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了吉坦賈利?拉奧只是一個11歲的普通人，活潑健談，

但她的科學(xué)精神卻產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響，她因其發(fā)明獲得了探索教育3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽

的最高獎項。

1.A考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：上個月，她憑借自己的發(fā)明獲得了探索教育3M青年科學(xué)

家挑戰(zhàn)賽的最高獎項。A.earned獲得；B.designed設(shè)計；C.offered提供；D.made制作。根

據(jù)下文“thetopprizeattheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallengeforher

invention"可知，吉坦賈利?拉奧獲得了這個獎項。故選A。

2.D考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：吉坦賈利的工作之所以受到啟發(fā)，是因為她的城市面臨著

水資源緊急情況，水中鉛含量過高。A.exposed暴露；B.improved改善；C.defined定義；

D.inspired啟發(fā)。根據(jù)下文“hercityfacedawateremergencywithtoomuchleadinitswater”

以及“Theideadidn'ttomeuntilIsawmyparentstr