熱點05建設航天強國（四大題型）

<1

［泳點解讀

嫦娥六號探測器（Chang'e-6lunarprobe）是中國航天科技集團有限公司抓總研制的嫦娥探月計劃第六

個探測器］。2024年5月3日17時27分，嫦娥六號探測器由長征五號遙八運載火箭在中國文昌航天發射場

成功發射，準確進入地月轉移軌道，發射任務取得圓滿成功；6月2日，嫦娥六號成功著陸在月球背面南極

-艾特肯盆地預選著陸區，開啟人類探測器首次在月球背面實施的樣品采集任務］;6月4日7時38分，嫦娥

六號上升器攜帶月球樣品自月球背面起飛，3000牛發動機工作約6分鐘后，成功將上升器送入預定環月軌

道］。6月6日，嫦娥六號上升器成功與軌道器和返回器組合體完成月球軌道交會對接，隨后將月球樣品容

器安全轉移至返回器中閉。6月25日14時07分，嫦娥六號返回器準確著陸于內蒙古四子王旗預定區域，

工作正常，標志著探月工程嫦娥六號任務取得圓滿成功，實現世界首次月球背面采樣返回。

神舟十九號，簡稱“神十九”，為中國載人航天工程發射的第十九艘飛船。2023年10月，中國載人航天

工程辦公室消息，經任務總指揮部決定，執行神舟十九號載人飛行任務的航天員乘組由蔡旭哲、宋令東、

王浩澤3名航天員組成，蔡旭哲擔任指令長。2024年10月30日4時27分，搭載神舟十九號載人飛船的長

征二號F遙十九運載火箭在酒泉衛星發射中心點火發射，約10分鐘后，神舟十九號載人飛船與火箭成功分

離，進入預定軌道，航天員乘組狀態良好，發射取得圓滿成功由。

我們培養造就了一支特別能吃苦、特別能戰斗、特別能攻關、特別能奉獻的高素質人才隊伍，培育鑄

就了偉大的載人航天精神。廣大航天人展現出了堅定的理想信念、高昂的愛國熱情、強烈的責任擔當、良

好的精神風貌，你們不愧是思想過硬、技術過硬、作風過硬的英雄團隊。一習近平

限時提升練.JJ（建議用時：60分鐘）

熱點話題01

閱讀理解

Passage1

China'shistoric23-dayChang'e5missionhasnotonlyobtainedpreciousrockandsoilsamplesfromthemoon,

buthasalsobroughtbackagroupofseedsthattraveledthefurthestinthenation'sagriculturalandforestryhistories.

Morethan30kindsofseeds,includingthatofrice,oatsetc.,wereplacedinsidethemulti-moduleChang*e5

spacecraftandorbitedaroundthemoonforabout15days.

Scientistswishedtocheckwhatwouldhappentotheseedsafterbeingexposedtoextraterrestrial（地外的）

forcesinlunarorbitandalsohopedthattheycoulddevelopbeneficialmutations（突變）.Thismissionofferedgood

opportunitiestoscientists,whichenabledthemtodeepentheirstudiesontheeffectofcosmicraysonthegrowth

andevolutionoflifeonEarth.

Space-basedmutationbreedingreferstotheprocessofexposingseedstoforcessuchasmicrogravity,

vacuumsandcosmicradiationduringaspaceflightandthensendingthembacktoEarthforfurtherobservationand

planting.Researchersobserveandexamineseveralgenerationsofplantsgrownfromspace-bredseedsand

investigatetheirmutations-somearepositiveanddesirablewhileothersarenegative.Thosewithpositivemutations

willbekeptandanalyzed,andwillbeintroducedtofarmersaftertheircertificationandapproval.

Spacebreedingcangeneratemutationsfasterandmoreconvenientlythanground-basedexperimentsandcan

bringaboutsomedesirabletraitsthatareotherwisehardtointroduce.Comparedwithnaturalorconventionally

bredtypesofplants,space-developedversionswithpositivemutationsusuallyfeaturehighernutritionalcontent,

greaterannualyields,shortergrowthperiodsandbetterresistancetodiseasesandinsectpests.

Chinaconducteditsfirstspacebreedingexperimentin1987,usingasatellitetocarryseedsintospace.Since

then,hundredsofkindsofseedsandseedlingshavetraveledwithdozensofChinesespaceships.Spacebreeding

hashelpedtoproducemorethan200newtypesofmutatedplantsinChinathathavebeenapprovedforlarge-scale

cultivation,rangingfromgrainstovegetablesandfruits.TheChang'e5roboticmissionreturned1,731gramsof

lunarrockandsoiltoEarth,markingahistoricaccomplishment44yearsafterthelastlunarsubstancesweretaken

back.

1.WhyweretheseedsplacedinsideChang'e5?

A.Topickoutthefittestformutations.B.Tounderstandextraterrestrialforces.

C.Tostudytheintensityofcosmicrays.D.Toexposethemtoaspecialenvironment.

2.Whatdoweknowaboutspace-basedmutationbreeding?

A.Itisnotatime-consumingprocess.B.Mutationsdevelopinarandomway.

C.Itoftenbringsaboutdesirableeffects.D.Approvalwillbegrantedtomutatedplants.

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Itisacustomtoputseedlingsonaspacecraft.

B.Chinawasthefirsttodoaspacebreedingexperiment.

C.Itissometimesinceseedswerelasttakenintospace.

D.Spacebreedinghasbroughtuscommercialbenefits.

4.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Space-bredSeedsOfferGreatChancesB.Chang'e5ReturnswithaBigPackage

C.PlantMutationsResultinaBetterLifeD.SeedsfromSpaceMarkaNewHistory

【答案】1.D2.B3.D4.A

【解析】這是一篇說明文。包括大米、燕麥等在內的30多種種子被放置在多艙“嫦娥五號”飛船內，繞月飛

行了約15天。這些種子都進行了太空育種。文章對太空育種的概念、優勢和收益進行了介紹。

1.推理判斷題。根據第二段第一句"Scientistswishedtocheckwhatwouldhappentotheseedsafterbeing

exposedtoextraterrestrial（地外的）forcesinlunarorbitandalsohopedthattheycoulddevelopbeneficial

mutations（突變）.”（科學家們希望檢查這些種子在月球軌道上受到外星力量的影響后會發生什么，也希望它

們能發展出有益的突變。）可知，種子被放在嫦娥五號里是為了讓它們暴露在特殊環境下。故選D。

2.推理判斷題。根據第三段第二句"Researchersobserveandexamineseveralgenerationsofplantsgrownfrom

space-bredseedsandinvestigatetheirmutations-somearepositiveanddesirablewhileothersarenegative.^^（研究

人員觀察和檢查了幾代由太空培育的種子長成的植物，并調查了它們的突變——一些是積極和可取的，而

另一些是消極的。）可知，突變是以隨機的方式發生的。故選B。

3.細節理解題。根據最后——段第三句"Spacebreedinghashelpedtoproducemorethan200newtypesofmutated

plantsinChinathathavebeenapprovedforlarge-scalecultivation,rangingfromgrainstovegetablesandfruits.9,

（太空育種已幫助中國培育出200多種新的突變植物，這些植物已獲準進行大規模種植，從谷物到蔬菜和

水果。）可知，太空培育給我們帶來了商業利益。故選D。

4.標題判斷題。文章主要講了太空育種給人類帶來了很多好處，相比來說有更多優勢，所以選項A（太空

培育的種子提供了巨大的機遇）是最好的標題。選項B沒有提到太空育種，選項C沒有提到太空，選項D

混淆了概念，不是來自太空的種子，而是從地球帶到太空發生突變再帶回地球的種子，所以選項B、選項C

和選項D都不是合適的標題。故選A。

Passage2

ChinalaunchedalargeroboticspacecraftonNov.24,2020attheWenchangSpaceLaunchCenterinSouth

China'sHainanprovince,taskingitwithlandingonthemoonandbringingbacklunarsamples,44yearsafterthe

lasttimesuchsubstanceswerebroughtbacktoEarth.

Ifeverythingproceedssmoothly,about2kilogramsofstonesandsoilwillbecollectedandpackedina

vacuummetalcontainer.Theentiremissionisscheduledtolastabout23days,accordingtotheChinaNational

SpaceAdministration.Consideringthesehighlysophisticatedoperations,Chang'e5willbemoredifficultand

challengingthanpreviousChineselunarexpeditions,designershavesaid.

Accordingtoastatementpublishedbythespaceadministration,theChang'e5missionisintendedtofulfill

severalobjectives.Intermsofspaceengineering,itwilldemonstratetechnicalplansandapparatusforautonomous

lunarsamplingandpackingandmoon-basedlaunching,aswellaslunarorbitaldocking.Inthescientificfield,it

willinvestigatethelandingsite'sfeatures,andenablescientiststoanalyzethelunarsamples*structureandphysical

traitssotheycandeepentheirresearchintothemoon'soriginandevolution.Itaddedthatthemissionalsowillhelp

tofosterthecountry'sknowledge,technologyandtalentpoolforitsfuturemannedmissionstothemoonandother

deepspaceexpeditions.

PeiZhaoyu,spokesmanfortheChang'e5mission,saidifthemissionbecomessuccessful,itwillbea

milestoneinthenation*slunarexplorationandwillshowtheworldChina'sscientific,technologicalandengineering

capabilities.

Furthermore,Chang'e5willstrengthenthenation'sstatusandinfluenceintheinternationalspacecommunity,

pavethewayforthecountry'sfuturelunarexpeditionsandboostitsspacescience,andwilloffermore

opportunitiestolunarresearchersaroundtheworld.Scientistsaroundtheworldarewelcometoparticipateinthe

researchrelatedtothelunarsamplesbroughtbackbythemission.Chinawillpublishasetofguidelinesaboutthe

useanddistributionofthesamplesafterthemission.

1.WhatcanwelearnaboutthemissionofChang'e5?

A.Itwasexactlythesameas44yearsago.

B.Itwillhelptocompletespacewalking.

C.Itaimstobringbacklunarsamples.

D.Itwilltrytolandonthemoonforthefirsttime.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sophisticated"meaninPara2?

A.impossibleB.complex

C.ambitiousD.effective

3.WhatwillthesuccessoftheChang'e5conveytotheworldaccordingtoPei?

A.Thefirstnationtobringlunarsamplesbackintheworld.

B.Afurtherstepinunderstandingtheevolutionoftheearth

C.Morecompetitioninlunarexpeditionswithothercountries.

D.China*sscientific,technologicalandengineeringabilities.

4.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ThelandmarkmissionofChang*e5.

B.Anewguidelinefromthemoonsamples.

C.Newopportunitiestolunarresearchers

D.China'sscientificcontributions.

【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.A

【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了中國嫦娥五號發射的任務目的及其意義。

1.細節理解題。根據第一段"ChinalaunchedalargeroboticspacecraftonNov.24,2020attheWenchangSpace

LaunchCenterinSouthChina'sHainanprovince,taskingitwithlandingonthemoonandbringingbacklunar

samples…”（2020年11月24日，中國在中國南部海南文昌航天發射中心發射了一枚大型機器人太空船，任

務是登陸月球并帶回月球樣本……）可知，嫦娥五號的任務是登錄月球并帶回月球樣本。故選C項。

2.詞句猜測題。根據畫線詞前的“about2kilogramsofstonesandsoilwillbecollectedandpackedinavacuum

metalcontainer”可知，在此次任務中，大約2公斤的石頭和泥土將被收集并裝在真空金屬容器中，再結合畫

線詞后的"moredifficultandchallengingthanpreviousChineselunarexpedition”可知，這比以前的中國探月活動

更加困難和具有挑戰性，這些都說明嫦娥5號執行的是高難度的任務，操作極其復雜，由此可知畫線詞詞

義為“復雜的”，故選B項。

3.細節理解題。根據第四段中嫦娥五號的發言人裴兆宇所說“ifthemissionbecomessuccessful,itwillbea

milestoneinthenation*slunarexplorationandwillshowtheworldChina'sscientific,technologicalandengineering

capabilities."（如果任務成功，這將是中國探月的一個里程碑，并將向世界展示中國的科學、技術和工程能

力）可知，嫦娥五號的成功將向世界展示中國的科學、技術和工程能力。故選D項。

4.主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據第四段中“PeiZhaoyu,spokesmanfortheChang七5mission,saidifthe

missionbecomessuccessful,itwillbeamilestoneinthenation'slunarexplorationandwillshowtheworldChina*s

scientific,technologicalandengineeringcapabilities.”（嫦娥五號的發言人裴兆宇說，如果任務成功，這將是中

國探月的一個里程碑，并將向世界展示中國的科學、技術和工程能力）可知，本文主要介紹了中國嫦娥五

號發射的任務目的及其意義。選項A“具有里程碑意義的嫦娥五號任務。”緊貼文章主題，簡明扼要，適合做

標題。故選A項。

Passage3

AnexcitinglandingprocessofChang'e-4lunarprobe（月球探測器）wasseenthroughthemonitoratBeijing

AerospaceControlCenterinBeijing,Jan.3,2019.Ittoucheddownonthefarsideofthemoonat10:26a.m.

BeijingTime,becomingthefirstspacecraftsoft-landingonthemoon'sunknownsidenevervisiblefromEarth.

China'sChang'e-4probehasstartedtheexplorationonthefarsideofthemoonthankstotherelaysatellitethat

providesacommunicationlinkwithgroundcontrol.Therelaysatellite,namedQueqiao,meaningMagpieBridge,

afteraChineselegend（傳說）,waslaunchedonMay21,2018,andbecamethefirstcommunicationsatellite

operatinginthehaloorbit,nearly500,000kmfromtheearth.Itcanalsoprovidecommunicationforprobesfrom

othercountries.Therelaysatellitewillalsobeusedforscientificandtechnologicalexperiments.Themaximum

distancebetweenthesatelliteandtheChang'e-4probeonthefarsideofthemoonis79,000km.Thesatellite

processesdatafromtheprobeandsendsittoEarth.

Thesatellitecanstayinitsorbitforalongtimeduetoitsrelativelylowfuelconsumption,astheearth'sand

moon'sgravitybalancesitsorbitalmoving.Whileinorbit,itcan"see"boththeearthandthefarsideofthemoon.

TheconceptofusingarelaysatelliteinthehaloorbitwasfirstputforwardbyU.S.spaceexpertsinthe1960s,

butwasrealizedbyChinesespaceengineers.

Researchershopetousethecamerasonthesatellitetorecordasteroids（d、行星）hittingthefarsideofthe

moon.TocontrolthecostoftheChang*e-4probe,therelaysatellitewasdesignedtoberelativelysmall,weighing

about400kg.

Researchershadjust30monthstodevelopthesatellite,puttingthemunderhighpressure.Topromotepublic

interestinspaceexploration,theChinaNationalSpaceAdministrationinvitedpeopletowritedowntheirwishesfor

lunarandspaceexploration,andtherelaysatellitecarriesthenamesoftensofthousandsofparticipantsandtheir

messages.

1.Whatdowelearnfromthesecondparagraph?

A.TherelaysatellitewaslaunchedonJan.3,2019.

B.Chang'e-4probewasthefirstcommunicationsatellite.

C.Therelaysatelliteonlyexploresthefarsideofthemoon.

D.TherelaysatellitecanhandledatafromChang'e-4probe.

2.Whywasthesizeoftherelaysatelliterelativelysmall?

A.Toreducethecostasmuchaspossible.

B.TomakeitcircleMoonforalongertime.

C.Toavoidbeingcrashedbyothersatellites.

D.TofollowAmericanspaceexperts*advice/

3.Whatmaderesearcherssufferfromgreatstress?

A.Fewpeopleinterestedintheexplorationonthemoon.

B.Therelaysatellitecarryingtoomuchequipment.

C.Theirlackingenoughtimetodeveloptherelaysatellite.

D.People'sneverbeingoptimisticabouttherelaysatellite.

4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.ChinaisanewspacepoweraftertheUSA.

B.Chang*e-4probelandsonMoon'sfarside.

C.Chinesespaceengineersmakemuchprogress.

D.Spaceexplorationisadangerouschallenge.

【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.B

【分析】這是一篇應用文。文章報道了北京時間2019年1月3日10時26分，我國嫦娥四號探測器成功登

陸月球背面，并通過“鵲橋”中繼衛星傳回了世界第一張近距離拍攝的月背影像圖。

1.細節理解題。根據第二段的ThesatelliteprocessesdatafromtheprobeandsendsittoEarth.可知，中繼衛星

可以處理來自嫦娥四號探測器的數據。故選D。

2.細節理解題。根據倒數第二段的TocontrolthecostoftheChang'e-4probe,therelaysatellitewasdesignedto

berelativelysmall,weighingabout400kg.可知，中繼衛星的尺寸相對較小是為了節約成本，故選A。

3.細節理解題。根據最后一段的Researchershadjust30monthstodevelopthesatellite,puttingthemunderhigh

pressure.可知，研究者們壓力很大是因為他們只有30個月的時間開發這個衛星，即缺乏時間，故選C。

4.主旨大意題。文章主要報道了嫦娥四號探測器成功登陸月球，文章介紹了衛星在月球登陸的情況，因此,

本文的主要內容是嫦娥四號探測器在月球背面著陸。故選B。

Passage4

（24-25高三上?貴州?階段練習）WangHaoze,acrewmemberoftheShenzhouXIXmissionandChina's

firstfemalespaceflightengineer,studiedenergyandpowerengineeringatSoutheastUniversitybeforereceivinga

bachelor'sdegreein2012andthencontinuedtotakepartinathree-yearpostgraduateprograminthermal

engineeringatthesameschool.Beforehergraduation,WangsubmittedherresumetotheBeijingAerospace

PropulsionInstitute.

Attheinstitute,Wangwaspartoftheresearchanddevelopmentofnewmodelsofrocketengines,anew

fieldthatshehadneverbeeninvolvedin.Facedwithnewchallengesandknowledge,sheenjoyedlearningand

overcomingdifficulties,whichappearedasanintriguinggametoher.Hardworkandperseverancealwayspayoff.

Shegraduallybecamethebackboneofherteam.Threeyearsafterworkingonrocketengines,shewastoldby

humanresourcescolleaguesthatthecountrywouldrecruitthethirdgenerationofastronauts.

Wangand17malecandidateswereselectedanddividedintothreegroups:sevenspacecraftpilots,another

sevenspaceflightengineersandfourmissionpayloadspecialists.

AttheAstronautCenterofChina,Wanghasfacedgruelingchallenges.Shehasspenttoughtimeswith

teammatesinsurvivaldrillsindesertsandatsea,andhasendureda72-hoursleeplesstest.Despitethedifficulties,

shesaidshehasneverconsideredquitting.

Lookingintoherfirstorbitaljourney,theastronautsaid:"IwanttofloatinsideTiangongtoexperiencethe

excitementofweightlessness.IalsohopethatIcancompleteeachandeverytasksuccessfullyandmakeour'space

home5better.

1.WhatdidWangHaozemajorinbefore2012?

A.Spaceengineering.B.Thermalengineering.

C.Aerospacepropulsion.D.Energyandpowerengineering.

2.WhatcanbelearnedaboutWangfromparagraph2?

A.Shedidresearchintorocketenginesbefore.

B.Sheshrankfromdifficultiessheencountered.

C.Sheplayedakeyroleinherteamattheinstitute.

D.Shesawanastronautrecruitmentadvertisement.

3.WhatcanbeusedtodescribeWangHaoze?

A.Courageousandhumble.B.Determinedandgenerous.

C.Perseverantanddetermined.D.Approachableandinfluential.

4.WhatcanweinferaboutWang?

A.Wanghandlesthetesteasily.B.Wangdesiresforherspacemission.

C.Wangwantstoabandonhertraining.D.Wangcontributesalottospacefields.

【答案】1.D2.C3.C4.B

【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是中國首位女太空工程師王浩澤的職業歷程，從學術研究到火箭

發動機開發，再到成為神舟十九號任務的宇航員，及其對太空探索的熱情與貢獻。

1.細節理解題。根據第一段"WangHaoze,acrewmemberoftheShenzhouXIXmissionandChina'sfirstfemale

spaceflightengineer,studiedenergyandpowerengineeringatSoutheastUniversitybeforereceivingabachelor's

degreein2012andthencontinuedtotakepartinathree-yearpostgraduateprograminthermalengineeringatthe

sameschool.（王浩澤是神舟十五號的機組成員，也是中國第一位女航天工程師，她在東南大學學習能源與動

力工程，后于2012年獲得學士學位，然后繼續在同一所學校攻讀為期三年的熱能工程研究生課程）”可知，

王浩澤在2012年前主修專業為能源與動力工程專業。故選Do

2.推理判斷題。根據第二段“Shegraduallybecamethebackboneofherteam.（她逐漸成為了團隊的骨干）”可知，

王浩澤逐漸成為團隊中的主心骨，即她在團隊中發揮著重要作用。故選C。

3.推理判斷題。根據第二段“Facedwithnewchallengesandknowledge,sheenjoyedlearningandovercoming

difficulties,whichappearedasanintriguinggametoher.（面對新的挑戰和知識，她喜歡學習和克服困難，這對

她來說是一種有趣的游戲）”以及第四段“Despitethedifficulties,shesaidshehasneverconsideredquitting.（盡管

困難重重，她說她從未考慮過放棄）”可知，王浩澤具有堅韌不拔和信念堅定的品質。故選C。

4.推理判斷題。根據最后一段"Lookingintoherfirstorbitaljourney,theastronautsaid:"Iwanttofloatinside

Tiangongtoexperiencetheexcitementofweightlessness.IalsohopethatIcancompleteeachandeverytask

successfullyandmakeour4spacehome'better.”（回顧她的第一次軌道旅行，這位宇航員說：“我想在天宮里漂

浮，體驗失重的興奮。我也希望我能成功完成每一項任務，讓我們的‘太空家園’變得更好」'）”可知，王浩澤

對自己的太空探索任務充滿期待。故選B。

Passage5

（24-25高二上?河南南陽?階段練習）TheTianzhou8roboticcargoshipwaslaunchedonFridaynightin

Hainanprovince,becomingthelastspacecrafttovisitChina'sTiangongspacestationthisyear.

Withthecargovesselontopofit,aLongMarch7carrierrocketliftedoffat11:13pmlocaltimefroma

launchservicetowerattheWenchangSpaceLaunchCenter,accordingtotheChinaMannedSpaceAgency.

Afterashortflight,therocketplacedtheTianzhou8intoitspresetlow-Earthorbitandthesolarwingsonthe

cargoshipunfolded,markingthesuccessfulcompletionofthelaunchmission,theagencysaid.

Thespacecraftisscheduledtoapproachandthendockwiththespacestation'sTianhecoremodulewithin

threehoursafteritslaunch.

Asthe15thspaceshiptovisitTiangong,Tianzhou8istaskedwithresupplyingpropellants（n.［航］推進齊ll）

totheChinesespacestationanddeliveringlivingandworknecessitiesfortheShenzhouXIXastronauts,whohave

beeninorbitfortwoweeks.

Thematerialsinsidethecargovesselaresufficienttosupportathree-membercrewforninemonths,

accordingtoitsdesignersattheChinaAcademyofSpaceTechnology.

Tianzhou8'spredecessor,Tianzhou7,wasunlockedfromtheTiangongspacestationonSundayandstarted

aperiodofsoloflight.

ItisprogrammedtofallbacktoEarthsoon,andmostofthespaceshipwillbumupduringreentry,althougha

smallamountofdebrisisexpectedtofallintosecureareasintheSouthPacificOcean,accordingtothedirectorMr

Mafromthespaceagency.

OrbitingEarthatadistanceofaround400kilometers,Tiangonghasthreepermanentparts——acoremodule

（n.［航天器的］艙）andtwosciencecapsules-andisregularlyconnectedtoseveralvisitingcrewandcargo

spaceships.

1.Whatisthesignthatshowsthesuccessofthislaunchmission?

A.ThattheLongMarch7carrierrocketliftedoffat11:13pm.

B.ThatTianzhou7wasunlockedfromtheTiangongspacestationonSunday.

C.ThatTianzhou7enteredalow-Earthorbitandthesolarwingsunfolded.

D.ThatTianzhou8functionedwellinplannedorbit.

2.WhatistheattitudeofthedirectorMrMatowardsthereentryoftheTianzhou7?

A.Pessimistic.B.Optimistic.C.Neutral.D.Ambiguous.

3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.

A.thebestlaunchtimeforTianzhou7isatnight

B.Tianzhou8enteringitspresetlow-Earthorbitisthelastpartofitsmission

C.allthedebrisofthespaceshipwillbeburntduringreentry

D.thesuppliesinTianzhou8areenoughtosupportasinglemembercrewforovertwoyears

4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.ChinalaunchesTianzhou8cargocrafttosendsupplies.

B.Tianzhou8issafetolaunch.

C.HowtheTianzhou8cargocraftworks.

D.TheTianzhou8cargocraftwaslastlaunched.

【答案】1.D6.B7.D8.A

【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了長征7號運載火箭把肩負運送太空站給養的天舟8號貨運飛船

送入預定軌道。

1.細節理解題。根據第三段“Afterashortflight,therocketplacedtheTianzhou8intoitspresetlow-Earthorbit

andthesolarwingsonthecargoshipunfolded,markingthesuccessfulcompletionofthelaunchmission,the

agencysaid.（該機構表示，經過短暫的飛行，火箭將天舟8號送入預定的近地軌道，貨船上的太陽能機翼展

開，標志著發射任務的成功完成戶可知，這次發射任務成功的標志是天舟8號在計劃軌道上運行良好。故選

Do

2.推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段"ItisprogrammedtofallbacktoEarthsoon,andmostofthespaceshipwillbum

upduringreentry,althoughasmallamountofdebrisisexpectedtofallintosecureareasintheSouthPacificOcean,

accordingtothedirectorMrMafromthespaceagency.（根據國家航天局局長馬先生的說法，按照計劃，它將很

快落回地球，飛船的大部分將在再入大氣層時燃燒，盡管少量碎片預計將落入南太平洋的安全區域）”可知，

其態度是樂觀的。故選B。

3.推理判斷題。根據第六段“Thematerialsinsidethecargovesselaresufficienttosupportathree-membercrew

forninemonths,accordingtoitsdesignersattheChinaAcademyofSpaceTechnology.（據中國空間技術研究院的

設計師介紹，貨艙內的材料足以支持3名船員工作9個月戶可知，夠三個人7個月的給養，如果供給一個人

可以維持27個月，即兩年多。故選Do

4.主旨大意題。根據第——段"TheTianzhou8roboticcargoshipwaslaunchedonFridaynightinHainanprovince,

becomingthelastspacecrafttovisitChina'sTiangongspacestationthisyear.（周五晚上，天舟8號自動貨運飛船

在海南省發射升空，成為今年最后一艘訪問中國天宮空間站的航天器）''以及第六段“Thematerialsinsidethe

cargovesselaresufficienttosupportathree-membercrewforninemonths,accordingtoitsdesignersattheChina

AcademyofSpaceTechnology.（據中國空間技術研究院的設計師介紹，貨艙內的材料足以支持3名船員工作9

個月）”可知，主旨是中國發射天舟8號貨運飛船運送物資。故選A。

Passage6

Chinahasmaderemarkableachievementsinspaceexploration.TheChinaMannedSpaceAgency（CMSA）

aimstolanditsastronautsonthemoonbefore2030andhasrecentlyshownthespacesuittheyplantouse.However,

thenameofthesuitisstillupintheair.

AsreportedbySpaceNews,theCMSArevealedtheirnewextravehicular（艙外的）activity（EVA）

spacesuitataneventonSeptember28inChongqing,China.ThesuitwasmodeledbyWangYaping,China's

secondwomaninspace,andZhaiZhigang,anotherastronaut.Thepresentationmainlyfocusedonthesuifsouter

features.Inparticular,thenewsuitisslimmerandlighterthantheCMSA'searlierFeitianEVAsuitusedforlow

Earthorbit.Itiscoveredinaprotectivefabrictoguardagainstextremetemperaturesandlunardust.Thesuitsalso

haveawide-ranging,non-reflectiveshield（防護）andbothshortandlongfocuslengthcameras.Unliketheearlier

suits,theselunarsuitsallowformuchmoreflexibilitywhilemovingonthemoon.

Apartfromthepracticalities,representativesexplainedthataesthetics（美學）werealsoimportantduringthe

designphase.Theappearanceofthenewspacesuitwasemphasized.AccordingtoCNN,themainlywhite

spacesuitshaveredstripesontheirupperpartsinspiredbythe“flyingapsaras“fromancientChineseart."The

stripesonthelegsaredesignedtolooklike"rocketlaunchflames/representingastrong-willedanddetermined

spirit,andthafsthekey."asZhangWanxin,directoroftheCMSA'sengineeringoffice,toldChina'sCCTV.This

weekend'sannouncementalsosawtheCMSAofficialstaskthenationwithhelpingnamethenewsuits,whichwill

bechosenlater.

ThisnotonlyshowsChina'sremarkableachievementsinspaceexplorationbutalsoreflectsitsculturalpride

andrapidadvancesinscienceandtechnology.ByintegratingtraditionalChineseculturalelementsintomodern

technology,Chinashowcasesitsuniquecharmandgreatpowertotheworld.Meanwhile,thepublicnaming

initiativeencouragescitizenstoengagewiththespaceprogram,creatingacloserlinkbetweenthespaceandthe

people.

1.Whatisoneadvantageofthenewspacesuit?

A.Itismoreuser-friendly.B.Itismorecost-effective.

C.Itismorepressure-resistant.D.Itismoredust-proof.

2.Whyistheappearanceemphasizedinthenewdesign?

A.Tofollowtheinternationaltrend.B.Toadjustthelunarenvironment.

C.TohighlightChineseculturalelements.D.Todownplaytheaestheticvalue.

3.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Thetechnicaldescriptionsofthenewspacesuits.

B.TheculturalpridebehindChina'sspaceexploration.

C.ThefutureprospectoftheChinaMannedSpaceAgency.

D.Theinternationaldevelopmentinspacetechnology.

4.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthetext?

A.ToreportChina'sexplorationprogressandnewspacesuit.

B.TointroducethemanufacturingprocessofnewspacesuitoftheCMSA.

C.Toinvolvemorepeopleinthepublicnaminginitiative.

D.TosummarizeChina'ssignificantachievement.

【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.A

【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。本文報道了中國在太空探索方面取得的顯著成就，特別是中國載人航天局

（CMSA）計劃在2030年前將宇航員送上月球，并展示了他們計劃使用的太空服。整體而言，本文展示了

中國在太空探索領域的實力和文化自信。

1.細節理解題。由文章第二段最后一句"Unliketheearliersuits,theselunarsuitsallow