基于修飾組學研究乳酸化調控微擬球藻產油的分子機制目錄TOC\o"1-3"\h\u摘要 [9]，研究表明這種修飾在表觀遺傳調控和基因轉錄中扮演著重要角色REF_Ref163374508\r\h[10]REF_Ref163375753\r\h[24]。除了組蛋白外，非組蛋白乳酸化也可能調節自噬、蛋白質折疊、信號轉導、細胞分裂、DNA損傷修復和代謝等多種細胞過程。然而，乳酸化在海洋微擬球藻中的具體作用尚未被充分理解。在本研究中，我們通過在氮剝奪（ND）和氮充足（NR）條件下對海洋微擬球藻的蛋白質組和乳酸化修飾進行高通量分析，建立了海洋微擬球藻的乳酸化組數據庫。共鑒定出5203個蛋白質，其中1245個表現出顯著的差異調控。相比之下，在ND和NR條件下，379個蛋白質中有868個乳酸化位點。研究還發現，在脂質代謝等關鍵代謝途徑中，乳酸酶活性在ND和NR條件下發生了大規模的重編程。這些發現與之前在布魯氏錐蟲、灰霉病菌和水稻中的研究結果一致，乳酸化被確認為影響組蛋白修飾、基因轉錄和碳濃縮機制（CCM）的重要因素REF_Ref163375983\r\h[25]。此外，蛋白質的乳酸化水平也受到培養基中氮含量的影響。與NR條件下相比，在ND條件下生長的海洋微擬球藻表現出更高程度的乳酸化修飾。這些關于氮脅迫如何影響乳酸化的數據，將為理解微藻產油機制提供新的表觀遺傳學視角。

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