WELCOMEUNITDiscoveringUsefulStructuresKnowaboutthe4typesofsentencestructures1234簡單句并列句復合句并列復合句1234Knowaboutthebasiccompositionofasentence！Part1PDOOAC(subject)SV(object)(predicative)(adverbial)(directobject)I0(objectcomplement)(indirectobject)（同位語）appositive（定語）attribute主語狀語賓語補足語直接賓語表語賓語間接賓語謂語KnowaboutthebasiccompositionofasentenceKnowaboutthetermsSVOPAC(subject)主語:句子說明的人或事物；(verb)謂語動詞:說明主語的動作、狀態和特征；(object)賓語:動作的對象或承受者；DO(directobject)IO(indirectobject)(objectcomplement)賓語補足語：說明賓語的身份和狀態以補充其意義不足，使句子的意義完整。(adverbial)狀語：說明地點、時間、原因、目的、

結果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等；(predicative)表語：連系動詞后面的成分；1.Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.2.Shewentoutinahurry.3.Fourplusfouriseight.4.Toseeistobelieve.5.Smokingisbadforhealth.6.Whathehassaidistrue.動名詞Discoverwhatmakeupthecompositionofasentence(subject)主語:句子說明的人或事物名詞代詞數詞不定式句子(verb)謂語動詞:說明主語的動作、狀態和特征Discoverwhatmakeupthecompositionofasentence簡單謂語:由動詞或動詞詞組組成復合謂語：由情態動詞或助動詞+動詞Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?Helookedaftertwoorphans.HecanspeakEnglishwell.Shedoesn’tseemtolikedancing.see是及物動詞look是不及物動詞lookafter是動詞短語謂語是canspeak謂語是doesn’tseemDiscoverwhatmakeupthecompositionofasentence1.Showyourpassport,please.2.Shedidn'tsayanything3.—Howmanydoyouwant?—Iwanttwo.4.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.5.Theyasked

toseemypassport.6.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.7.Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?名詞代詞數詞不定式動名詞名詞化的形容詞句子(object)賓語:動作的對象或承受者——及物動詞或介詞的賓語Pleaseshowme

yourpassport.2.MothermadeMary

anewcoat.Discoverwhatmakeupthecompositionofasentence直接賓語(DO)和間接賓語(IO)的區別直接賓語表示動作的承受者，一般是物。間接賓語表示動作是對誰或為誰做的，一般是人。

間接賓語直接賓語間接賓語直接賓語溫馨提示：直接賓語和間接賓語不能按賓語離動詞的遠近來判別。Discoverwhatmakeupthecompositionofasentence1.Iam

fine.2.Heisa

boy.3.Fiveplustwois

seven.4.Weare

here.5.Heisnot

at

home.6.Myhobbyis

reading.7.Ourdutyis

tomake

ourenvironmentbetter.形容詞名詞數詞介詞短語動名詞副詞不定式表語是句子中的不完整的謂語，須和系動詞一起構成句子中的完整的復合謂語。表語是謂語的部件，而不是與謂語平級的句子成分。主系表結構實際上是主謂結構，沒有所謂的主謂表結構。Discoverwhatmakeupthecompositionofasentence1.Iwillbebackinawhile.2.Theyareplayingontheplayground.3.Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.4.HegotupsolatethatImissedthetrain.5.Iwaitedtoseeyou.時間狀語地點狀語原因狀語目的狀語結果狀語Discoverwhatmakeupthecompositionofasentence6.Heoftenwenttoschoolbybus.7.Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.8.Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.9.Thisbookisveryinteresting.10.Hewenttoschoolinspiteofhisillness.方式狀語結果狀語條件狀語讓步狀語程度狀語(adverbial)狀語：說明地點、時間、原因、目的、結果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等。Discoverwhatmakeupthecompositionofasentence1.Ifoundthebookinteresting.2.Doyousmellsomethingburning?3.Hemadehimselfknowntothem.4.Sheaskedmetolendherahand.形容詞不定式過去分詞現在分詞(objectcomplement)賓語補足語：說明賓語的身份和狀態以補充其意義不足，使句子的意義完整。這類常用的及物動詞有

：make,let，consider,cause,see,find,call,get,have.溫馨提示：賓語和賓補之間存在內在邏輯上的主謂關系。句子成分意義充當成分例句主語表示句子說的是什么人或什么事名，代，數，不定式，動名詞，短語或句子WestudyinHuangQiaoMiddleSchool.謂語說明主語做什么，是什么或怎么樣動詞或動詞詞組Sheisdancingunderthetree.賓語表示動作行為的對象同主語BothofuslikeEnglish.表語與聯系動詞連用，一起構成謂語，說明主語的性質或特點同主語Herfatherisachemist.Hiswordssoundreasonable.Knowaboutthesentenceelement句子成分意義充當成分例句定語用來修飾名詞或代詞形，代，數，名,副，介詞短語或句子Wehaveeightlessonseveryday.狀語修飾動詞，形容詞，副詞，表示動作發生的時間，地點，原因，目的，方式，結果等副詞，介詞短語或句子Heworksveryhard.TheyheldapartyinHollywood.賓語補足語邏輯上與賓語是主謂關系形容詞，名詞，介詞短語等Shealwayskeepsthehouseclean.KnowaboutthesentenceelementStudythesentencestructures！Part2

Allofuslaughed.

S

+

VNobody

left.You

must

stay.1.SV（主謂結構）2.SVO（主謂賓）

Imissmygrandma.

S+

V

+

OIwillmake

manyfriends.Icouldn’t

concentrate

on

theexperiment.3.SP（主系表）Theteacherwaskindandfriendly.

S

+P4.SVIODO（主謂+間賓+直賓）Hetoldus

afunnystory.DirectObject直接賓語IndirectObject間接賓語1.Theteachergave

us

aquiz.2.Mymomwillbuy

me

anewcellphone. (Theteachergave

aquiztous.)(Mymomwillbuyanewcellphoneforme.)S

+

V

Ifound

mostofmyteachersandclassmatesfriendlyandhelpful.S

+

V

+

OComplement賓語補足語Hefound

thepicturepretty.Iregard

himasmybestfriend.5.SVOC（主謂賓+賓補）

Hetalk

toomuch.S

+

V

+

A6.SVA（主謂狀）

I

had

myfirstmathsclassatseniorhighschool.S

+V

+

O

+

A7.SVOA（主謂賓狀）Therearethreepeopleinmyfamily.Therewerelessstudentsinmyjuniorhighschool.Therewillbemanyracesatthesportsmeeting.8.Therebe句型：某地有某物簡單句的8種基本類型1.S+V Allofuslaughed.2.S+V+O Ihadmyfirstmathsclass.3.S+P Thelabisnew.4.S+V+IO+DO Hetoldusafunnystory.5.S+V+O+C Ifoundmyteachersfriendly.6.S+V+A Hetalkedtoomuch.7.S+V+O+AIhadmyfirstmathsclassatseniorhighschool.8.Therebe句型Thereisalottoexploreatseniorhighschool.summaryPracticemakesperfect！Part31.The100-year-oldschoolliesinthecentreofthecity.Readthesentencesandanalysethestructures.S主語V謂語A狀語2.Wemustact.S主語V謂語3.Themathshomeworklookseasy.S主語P系表4.Theteacherfoundtheclassroomempty.S主語V謂語O賓語C賓補5.Mymumboughtmeanewdictionary.6.Tomislookingforwardtomeetingthenewexchangestudent.7.ThereisanEnglishCorneratourschool.8.Wehadchemistryinthenewlybuiltlab.S主語V謂語DO直賓IO間賓