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內蒙古自治區通遼市科爾沁左翼中旗2022-2023學年高二下學期期中考試英語試題姓名:__________班級:__________考號:__________題號一二三四五六總分評分一、閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀理解21yearoldJasmineHarrisoncompletedthe2020TaliskerWhiskyAtlanticChallengein70days,3hoursand48minutes—anewworldrecordfortheyoungestfemaletorowaloneacrosstheAtlantic.Harrison,who'sfromNorthYorkshire,England,didn'thaveloadsofexperienceinrowinglongdistances.Inherchildhood,shecouldnotevendreamofsuchanambition.She'donlygottheideathreeyearsearlierwhenshehappenedtobeinAntigua,teachingswimming,andsawtheendofthe2017TaliskerWhiskyAtlanticChallenge."Talkingtoafamilymemberofayoungmanthathadjustcompletedit,Igottoknowjusthowamazingathingitwas.Ididn'tsay‘notachanceIwoulddothat,'butitwasmoreafactofwhynotdoit?"shesaid.Everyday,Harrisonwouldrowforabout12hours,pushingher550poundboatsheboughtwithsomemoneyacrosstheocean,coveringroughly90kilometers.Thejourneyleftherwithmuchtimeallbyherself,whichshesaidsheenjoyed.Butthingsgotalittleharderafterherspeakerfellinthewaterandshecouldnolongerlistentohermusic.Shehadothercompanyalongtheway.Shesawlotsofsealife,includingseveralwhales.Oneevenroseoutoftheoceanrightnexttoherboat."I'mintheirenvironment,"shesaid."It'sjustamazing."Twice,herboatwasturnedoverinthenightbylargewaves.Thesecondtime,shehurtherarmquitebadly.Anothertime,shenearlyranintoaship.Whenherfoodranout,shelivedoncookiesandchocolate.Inthefaceofgreathardshipandloneliness,shekeptgoing.OnFebruary20,2021,shereachedtheislandofAntigua—theendofthejourney.Shecelebratedherarrivalwithaburgerandfries.1.WhatmadeHarrisonparticipateinthe2020TaliskerWhiskyAtlanticChallenge?A.Herchildhoodhobbyanddream.B.Herexperienceofwatchingarace.C.Herswimmingteachingexperience.D.Herfamilymembers'encouragement.2.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHarrison'soceantrip?A.Adventurous. B.Pleasant. C.Boring. D.Expensive.3.WhendidHarrisonbeginrowingacrosstheAtlanticOceanalone?A.InNovember. B.InDecember. C.InJanuary. D.InFebruary.4.WhatcanwelearnfromHarrison'sstory?A.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.B.Difficultiesstrengthenthemind.C.Behindbadluckcomesgoodluck.D.Nowayisimpossibletocourage.閱讀理解ATimemagazinespecialprojectknownsimplyas"Firsts"celebrateswomenwhohavemadebigachievements.Thesewomenhavemadetheirmarkinbusiness,entertainment,politicsandmore.Theprojecthopestoprovidegirlsandwomenwithpositiveexampleswhoassure(使確信)themthattheycansucceed.The"Firsts"projectincludesvideofeatures(特寫),abookandawebpage.Thewebpagehasthewomen'spicturesandshortdescriptionsoftheirachievements.Theproject'sproducers,SpencerBakalarandDianeTsai,madevideoprofiles(簡介)of37ofthe46originalwomenfeaturedbytheproject.Andthewebpageanticipatesthatmorewomenwillbeaddedastheybecomenew"Firsts".Thewomenfeaturedin"Firsts"haveachievedsuccessinmanyfields.EileenCollinswasthefirstwomantocommandaspaceshuttle.JenniferYuhNelsonwasthefirstwomantodirectamajorHollywoodmoviealone—KungFuPanda2.SerenaWilliamssetarecordfortennisGrandSlamsinglestitles.Theroadtosuccesshasn'talwaysbeensmoothforthesewomen.Ittookhardworktoreachexcellence.Manyofthemalsoputupwithrudecommentsbecausetheywerewomen.Buttheyalsoreceivedsupportfromkeypeople,especiallyparents.Manyofthewomenalsospeakaboutthedifficultyofbalancingworkandfamilylife.Theirworksometimesrequiredthemtosacrificetimewiththeirchildrenormissimportantfamilyevents.Yetseveralofthemalsosaythattheyseetheirworkassettingagoodexamplefortheirchildren.Theywanttheirsonsanddaughterstoseethemworkingandknowthatthey,too,canachieveremarkablethings.MichellePhanwasthefirstwomantobuildaUS$500millioncompanyfromawebseries.Shetellsentrepreneurs(企業家)tofindaproblemthattheycareaboutandthenofferawaytosolveit.Thatisvitaladvicethatanyoneinanyfieldshouldfollow.5.Whatisthepurposeofthe"Firsts"project?A.Toteachgirlshowtodesignawebpage.B.Tointroducesuccessfulpeopletochildren.C.Tocelebratebusinesswomen'sachievements.D.Toencouragegirlstosucceedbygivingsuperbexamples.6.Whatdoweknowaboutthe"Firsts"project?A.Ithasrecorded46videos.B.Itisgoingtofindmorewomen.C.Itwaslaunchedbyabusinesswoman.D.Itgivesafullaccountofsuccessfulpeople'slife.7.TheauthordevelopsParagraph3mainly____.A.bytime B.bycauseandeffectC.byexample D.bycomparisonandcontrast8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sacrifice"inParagraph4mean?A.Invest. B.Devote. C.Fillup. D.Giveup.閱讀理解Supposeyouareoutshoppingandcomeacrossanacquaintancewhostartstellingyouastorythatseemstobedraggingonandon.Youwanttoseeminterested,soyouoffertheoccasional"Oh"or"Isee".Toyoursurprise,though,thispersonangrilystopsintheirtracksandsays,"SorryifI'mboringyou!"Wheredidthiscomefrom?Clearly,yourbodylanguagemusthavebetrayedyou.Theideathatverbal(口頭的)andnonverbalmessagescanconflictwastheinspirationforarecentlypublishedstudyfromYaleUniversity'sLueylleArmentano.Aspartofherstudyofcommunicationinrelationships,Armentano'sresearchalsoexaminedcommunicationchannelsinpeoplemeetingforthefirsttime.Totesttheroleofverbalnonverbalmismatchonemotionalcommunication,Armentanoandherpartnercreatedexperimentalconditionstoseewhathappenswhensomeoneasksforhelpfromstrangers.TheresearchteamcreatedvideotapesofafellowYalestudentexpressingnervousnessinhiswords,bodilygestures,orboth.Thebodilygesturesincludedrunninghishandsthroughhishair,grabbinghisarm,andfaciallyexpressinguneasiness.Thekeyquestionwaswhethertheotherparticipants,another82Yalestudents,wouldbelievethestudentandprovidethehelphewasrequesting.Theyneededtogivetheirresponses.Turningtothefindings,thosenonverbalcues(提示)ofnervousnesshadagreaterimpactonhelpingbehaviorthantheverbalcues.Surprisingly,helpingbehaviorwasthehighestwhenverbalexpressionsofnervousnesswerelowbutnonverbalcueswerehigh.Recognizingthatyourbodylanguagecanoutweighyourwordsmeansthatyouneedtobemindfulofwhatyourbodyisdoingwhenyou'reinteractingwithothers.Generally,whensomeoneisspeakingtoyou,youwanttolooklikeyou'reinterested.Notonlyshouldyoumaintaineyecontact,butyoushouldkeepyourbodystillandfacetowardtheotherperson.Ifyou'renottryingtolookinterested,itmaybemorepolitetosayyouhavetobesomewhereelse.9.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?A.Theobviousadvantagesofbodylanguage.B.Asituationwherebodylanguageisamust.C.Anexampleofverbalnonverbalmismatch.D.Theproperwaytointeractwitholdfriends.10.Whatwerethe82Yalestudentsaskedtodo?A.Expressnervousnessintheirwords.B.Identifythetypesofbodylanguage.C.Trytowinthenervousstudent'strust.D.Respondtothenervousstudent'srequest.11.Whatplayedthemostimportantroleinhelpingthestudentwinkindness?A.Hissincereverbalexpressions.B.Hisbodilygesturesofnervousness.C.Hispositiveattitudetonervousness.D.Hisgoodmannersinfrontofothers.12.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Makeaprediction. B.Offersuggestions.C.Presentsomefacts. D.Givesomewarnings.閱讀理解Withroundsofpioneeringspaceflightsthatcouldsetthestageforfuturespacetourism,itisworthlookingatwhatmightbeinvolvedforthehumanexplorationofMars,thoughit'slikelydecadesaway.Technologicalchallengesaside,aswecontinuetoexpandourexplorationofMars,thereisaquestion:Whatmightbethelessonsofpastvoyagesofdiscoverythatweshouldthinkabout?Humanexplorationhasledtomanyextraordinarynewdiscoveries,butithasalsoledtotheexploitation(開發)ofresources.NotlongafterearlyEuropeansettlersarrivedinAmerica,theydeclaredtheirindependenceandcreatedtheconstitutionbywhichmodernAmericansocietyfunctions.However,thisdidnotpreventthesettlersfromreferringtonativepeopleassavagesandtakingawaytheirrightstoliberty,happiness,andevensurvival.NativeAmericanswerequicklykilledbywarsandnewdiseasesasthenewsettlersexpandedtheirland.Thenaturalenvironment,withwhichtheyhadestablishedaharmoniousrelationship,wassimilarlydestroyedbythesettlement.Marscertainlyhasanimpossibleenvironmentforhumanlife,butonMars,humanswillbetheinvasive(侵略的)species.WillourlandingonMarsbreaktheecosystemonMars?ItispossiblethatMarshasidealmineralsforfuturedevelopment.Butapartfromtechnologychallenges,willthemininghaveadisastrousenvironmentimpactonthisredneighbourasithasalreadyhadonEarth?Theachievementsofspaceexplorationarecertainlytobeapplauded.Thecontributionsoftherelatedresearchonchemistry,medicineandmanyothersarepotentiallylimitless.However,aswelooktoexploringworldsbeyondourown,weneedtobeginnowtolookathistorytoconsiderhowbesttoengagewithdifferentlifeforms,culturesandenvironments.Wemaybecapableofwritingalaw,butwefirstneedtoclearourpotentialinvasiveimpactonanotherplanetthatmaybecompletelydefenseless.13.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph2referto?A.ModernAmericansociety. B.Thecreationofconstitution.C.ThesettlementofEuropeans. D.Theexploitationofresources.14.What'stheauthor'sconcernabouttheexplorationofMars?A.HumanscannotsurviveonMars.B.HumansmaybringnewdiseasestoMars.C.TheexplorationmaydestroyMars'ecosystem.D.TechnologychallengeswillmakeminingonMarshard.15.What'stheauthor'ssuggestionforfuturespaceexploring?A.Makingrelevantlawsproperly.B.Conductingmorescientificresearches.C.Predictingitsimpactsonotherplanets.D.Learningfrompastexplorationexperiences.二、任務型閱讀(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WaystoGrowYourOwnPlantSupportsInsteadofBuyingThemManynewgardenersthinkitisnecessarytobuynewitemsfortheirgardens,wheninfact,carefuldesignandtherightplantchoicescanmeanthatyourgardencanactuallyprovidethethingsyouneed.Onecommonexampleofthethingsthatpeoplebuywhentheycouldgrowthemintheirowngardenisplantsupports.16..Whiletherearenumerousplantsupportsonthemarket,myprofessionaltakeisthatyoucandowithoutbuyinganyoftheseatall.Manyclimbingandviningplantsrequiresomesupportastheygrow.Sometimes,theplantsyougrowbesideclimbersorvinescanprovideallthesupporttheyneed.17..Thesamethingcanbetrueofanumberoftallerperennials(多年生植物).Growingthemclosecanpreventthembeingblownoverinstrongwinds.18.,asyouwillneedtothinkaboutcompetitionandavoidovercrowding.Ofcourse,otherlivingplantswillnotalwaysbeabletoprovidethesupportthatisrequired.Ifindgrowingtreeslikethehazelorwillowmeansyoualwayshavesuitablematerialtouseinyourowngarden.19..Dosoearlyoningardenestablishmentandovertime,youcaneasilybecomeselfsufficientingardenplantsupports—eveninasmallgarden.20.,itcanbehelpfultothinkaboutlongertermneedsinyourgarden.Grownotjusteatableplants,butalsoarangeofotherplantswhichwillallowyoutobecomemoreselfsufficientovertime.A.PlentyoftreesgrowrelativelyquicklyB.ThickplantingshouldbehandledwithcareC.BeforeyoubuyplantsupportsforyourgardenD.PlantingthesetreesinyourgardencanbeagreatchoiceE.SowhendesigningyourgardenanddecidingwhichplantstogrowF.PlantslikeshortpeascansimplybegrownclosetogetherandwillholdeachotherupG.Plantsupportscanbeliving,growingplantsorbranchescutfromelsewhereinthespace三、完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Myfatheronceworkedforabigcompany.However,whenIwasoneyearoldhe21.hisjobandthenourfamilygotintoadifficultsituation.Wewere22.,sowesoldourhouse.Thenwehadtolivewithmygrandmother,23.shedidn'tlikekidsatall.Shenever24..ButIwasveryhappywithmyparents.Myfatherwas25.atmakingthings.Iwasalso26.andhadatalentfordesigning.Wedidn'thavemoneytobuy27.sowemadeourown.Iputtwotyrestogethertomakeahorse.Ilearnedalotaboutgravity(重力)becauseI28.manytimes.By10,IknewIwantedtobecomea(n)29.,buttheydidn'ttakewomeninengineeringschool,soIwenttoanotherschooland30.in1945.ThenIwasvery31.tobeacceptedbythearmy'strainingprogramme.Ilearnedalotthere.In1966,I32.servingthearmy.Ibegantoworkwithchildrenwithlearningproblems.Iwantedto33.somethingthatwouldhelpthem.Luckily,I34..Itriedtoretirefivetimesbutit35.worked.In1997,Iwentbacktoschooltolearndrawing,whichwas36.formyinventions.OnaTVprogrammein2015,I37.DavidKelley,thefounderofthedesignfirmIDEO.WhenIrealizedhe38.peoplefromdifferentbackgrounds,Ithought,"Ihavespeciallifeexperiencesanddesigningskills.Icouldbeof39.tohisfirm."ItypedalettertoKelleyandquickly,Igota40.thatIwasaccepted.Iwas85.21.A.lost B.took C.missed D.changed22.A.inorder B.inpeace C.indanger D.indebt23.A.though B.or C.as D.so24.A.apologized B.performed C.smiled D.worked25.A.mad B.skilled C.amazed D.disappointed26.A.sensitive B.strict C.pretty D.creative27.A.clothes B.books C.toys D.foods28.A.felloff B.gavein C.lookedup D.turnedback29.A.doctor B.soldier C.dancer D.inventor30.A.started B.returned C.graduated D.arrived31.A.afraid B.lucky C.brave D.clever32.A.finished B.enjoyed C.escaped D.kept33.A.remember B.gather C.say D.develop34.A.left B.agreed C.succeeded D.stopped35.A.already B.always C.nearly D.never36.A.famous B.helpful C.fit D.ready37.A.invited B.called C.discovered D.saw38.A.persuaded B.recognized C.accepted D.doubted39.A.value B.Importance C.interest D.health40.A.choice B.reply C.gift D.reward四、語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Nowadayscollegegraduatesspendmoreandmoremoneyonjobhunting.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,almosteverygraduate41.(spend)somemoneyonfindingajob.Andclothing,transportation,resumesproducingandtrainingexpensearethemain42.(aspect)thatcostthemalotofmoney.Astothisphenomenon,differentpeoplehavedifferentviews.Somesayitisnecessaryforgraduatestospendmoney43.(produce)embellishedresumesandbuyingsuitableclothes,44.cangiveinterviewersagoodimpressionandincreasetheirchanceofsuccess.However,othersdon'tthinkso.Theyarguethatthehighexpenditurecanincreasetheirparents'45.(finance)burdensincemoststudentshavenoregularincome.Apartfromthat,the46.(decorate)resumesdolittlehelptofindajob47.mostHRmanagerspaymoreattentiontoskills.Inmyopinion,thereis48.wrongforgraduatestoinvestsomemoneyonjobhunting.Buttheyshouldbear49.mindthatitistheirknowledge,skillsaswellasexperiencethatmatteralot.Sotheymusthave50.rationalattitudetowardwhattheyshouldbuyandhowmuchmoneytheyshouldspend.五、短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)51.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的一下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;

2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。Itwasintheearlywinter.IcollectsomethickclothesIworelastwinter.Iwantedtosendittoalocalcharitysomeday.Oneday,IwaswalkingtoanearbyshopthoughInoticedashortoldmanwalkslowly.Hejustworeathinshirt.Ithoughtthoseclothesmayfithim,butIranbackhome.Itookouttheclothesandwenttodownstairsquickly.Hehadn'twalkedveryfar.Ifinallycaughtuphim.Isaidtohim,"Ihopetheywillfityou."ThenIsawthesweetsmilespreadingacrosshisface.Hewassomovingthathethankedmeintear.Ifeltsohappy.六、書面表達(滿分25分)52.假定你是李華,你校將以"HowtoProtecttheEnvironment"為題舉辦英語演講比賽。請你寫一篇演講稿,內容包括:

1.目前環境存在的問題;

2.作為中學生應該采取的措施(至少三條)。注意:

1.詞數100左右;

2.可以適當增加細節,以使行文連貫。

答案解析部分【答案】1.B2.A3.B4.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,21歲的英國人JasmineHarrison完成了橫渡大西洋挑戰賽,成為最年輕的獨自橫渡大西洋的女性。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查,是一篇人物類閱讀,考生需要準確捕捉細節信息,并根據上下文進行邏輯推理,從而選出正確答案。1.考查細節理解。根據第二段中的"She'donlygottentheideathreeyearsearlierwhenshehappenedtobeinAntigua,teachingswimming,andsawtheendofthe2017TaliskerWhiskyAtlanticChallenge."三年前,她在安提瓜教游泳時,看了2017年塔利斯克威士忌大西洋挑戰賽的結束之后,才有了這個想法。可知,Harrison觀看比賽的經歷之后才有了參加該比賽的想法。故選B。2.考查推理判斷。根據第五段中的"Twice,herboatwasturnedoverinthenightbylargewaves.Thesecondtime,shehurtherarmquitebadly.Anothertime,shenearlyranintoaship.Whenherfoodranout,shelivedoncookiesandchocolate."她的船有兩次在夜里被巨浪掀翻。第二次,她的胳膊受了重傷。還有一次,她差點撞到一艘船。當她的食物用完了,她就以餅干和巧克力為生。可推斷,她的這次海上行程有冒險性。故選A。3.考查細節理解。根據第一段中的"21-year-oldJasmineHarrisoncompletedthe2020TaliskerWhiskyAtlanticChallengein70days,3hoursand48minutes"21歲的賈斯敏·哈里森以70天3小時48分鐘的時間完成了2020年塔利斯克威士忌大西洋挑戰賽;以及最后一段中的"OnFebruary20,2021,shereachedtheislandofAntigua—theendofthejourney."2021年2月20日,她到達了安提瓜島——旅程的終點。可知,她可能是在2020年的12月份開始出發的。故選B。4.考查推理判斷。根據全文可知,本文講述了21歲的JasmineHarrison克服重重困難,完成了橫渡大西洋挑戰賽,創造了一項新的世界紀錄,成為獨自橫渡大西洋的最年輕的女性。要做到這一點,勇氣是必不可少的,"勇者無懼"適合做文章標題,故選D。【答案】5.D6.B7.C8.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了《時代》雜志的一個特別項目被簡單地稱為"第一",以表彰那些取得巨大成就的女性。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解,詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查,是一篇介紹類閱讀,通讀全文,理解文章大意,閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容,仔細核對,選擇符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次閱讀并檢查。5.考查推理判斷。根據第一段中的"Theprojecthopestoprovidegirlsandwomenwithpositiveexampleswhoassure(使確信)themthattheycansucceed."該項目希望為女童和婦女提供積極的榜樣,使她們確信自己能夠成功。可知,"第一"項目的目的是以卓越的榜樣來鼓勵女孩成功。故選D。6.考查細節理解。根據第二段中的"Andthewebpageanticipatesthatmorewomenwillbeaddedastheybecomenew‘Firsts'."該網頁預計,隨著女性成為新的"第一",將會有更多的女性加入。可知,"第一"項目將會找到更多的女性。故選B。7.考查推理判斷。根據第三段中的"EileenCollinswasthefirstwomantocommandaspaceshuttle.JenniferYuhNelsonwasthefirstwomantodirectamajorHollywoodmoviealone-KungFuPanda2.SerenaWilliamssetarecordfortennisGrandSlamsinglestitles."EileenCollins是第一位指揮航天飛機的女性。JenniferYuhNelson是第一位獨自執導好萊塢大片《功夫熊貓2》的女性。SerenaWilliams創造了網球大滿貫單打冠軍的紀錄。可知,第三段主要舉的是一些成功女性的例子,因此作者是通過舉例來展開第三段的,故選C。8.考查詞義猜測。根據第四段中的"missimportantfamilyevents"錯過重要的家庭活動。可知,很多女性因為工作而錯過重要的家庭活動,沒有時間陪孩子,也就是"放棄"了陪孩子的時間,因此劃線詞sacrifice的意思是"放棄",故選D。【答案】9.C10.D11.B12.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了耶魯大學的LueylleArmentano最近發表的一項研究,研究表明與人互動時,你的肢體語言可以勝過你的口頭語言。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解,推理判斷和段落大意三個題型的考查,是一篇科研類閱讀,首先要仔細閱讀短文,掌握大意,然后結合具體的題目,再讀短文,從中找出相關信息,就可以確定正確答案。9.考查段落大意。根據第一段中的"Youwanttoseeminterested,soyouoffertheoccasional‘Oh'or‘Isee'.Toyoursurprise,though,thispersonangrilystopsintheirtracksandsays,‘SorryifI'mboringyou!'"你想顯得感興趣,所以你偶爾說"哦"或"我明白了"。然而,讓你驚訝的是,這個人生氣地停下腳步說:"如果我讓你感到無聊了,我很抱歉!"可知,這是一個言語和行為上不一致的一個舉例,即語言和非語言不匹配的例子。故選C。10.考查細節理解。根據第三段中的"Thekeyquestionwaswhethertheotherparticipants,another82Yalestudents,wouldbelievethestudentandprovidethehelphewasrequesting.Theyneededtogivetheirresponses."關鍵問題是,其他的參與者,另外82名耶魯學生,是否會相信這個學生,并提供他所要求的幫助。他們需要給出自己的反應。可知,這82名耶魯學生被要求對緊張的學生的要求作出回應。故選D。11.考查細節理解。根據第四段中的"Surprisingly,helpingbehaviorwasthehighestwhenverbalexpressionsofnervousnesswerelowbutnonverbalcueswerehigh."令人驚訝的是,當緊張的言語表達較少而非言語暗示較多時,幫助行為最高。可知,非語言暗示,即緊張的肢體動作是贏得善意最重要的因素。故選B。12.考查推理判斷。根據最后一段中的"Recognizingthatyourbodylanguagecanoutweighyourwordsmeansthatyouneedtobemindfulofwhatyourbodyisdoingwhenyou'reinteractingwithothers."意識到你的肢體語言可以勝過你的語言意味著當你與他人互動時,你需要注意你的身體在做什么。結合全段可推知,本段作者主要是給出一些針對性的建議。故選B。【答案】13.B14.C15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了人類的探索帶來了許多非凡的新發現,但它也導致了資源的開發,對此作者認為我們應該從過去的發現之旅中吸取教訓,考慮對火星的探索會破壞火星生態系統的問題。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解和代詞指代兩個題型的考查,是一篇科研類閱讀,通讀全文,理解文章大意,閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容,仔細核對,選擇符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次閱讀并檢查。13.考查代詞指代。根據第二段中的"NotlongafterearlyEuropeansettlersarrivedatAmerica,theydeclaredtheirindependenceandcreatedtheconstitutionbywhichmodernAmericansocietyfunctions."早期的歐洲殖民者到達美洲后不久,他們宣布獨立,并制定了現代美國社會運行所依據的憲法;以及"didnotpreventthesettlersfromreferringtonativepeopleassavagesandtakingawaytheirrightstoliberty,happiness,andevensurvival"可知,雖然早期的歐洲殖民者到達美洲,制定了憲法,但是憲法的制定并不能阻止定居者將土著人稱為野蠻人,并剝奪他們的自由、幸福甚至生存的權利。this指的是"憲法的制定"。故選B。14.考查細節理解。根據第三段中的"Butapartfromtechnologychallenges,willthemininghaveadisastrousenvironmentimpactonthisredneighbourasithasalreadyhadonEarth?"但是除了技術上的挑戰,采礦是否會對這個紅色鄰居造成災難性的環境影響,就像它在地球上已經造成的那樣?可知,作者對火星探索的關注是探索可能會破壞火星的生態系統。故選C。15.考查細節理解。根據第一段中的"Technologicalchallengesaside,aswecontinuetoexpandourexplorationofMars,thereisaquestion:Whatmightbethelessonsofpastvoyagesofdiscoverythatweshouldthinkabout?"撇開技術挑戰不談,隨著我們繼續擴大對火星的探索,還有一個問題:我們應該從過去的發現之旅中吸取什么教訓?;以及最后一段中的"However,aswelooktoexploringworldsbeyondourown,weneedtobeginnowtolookathistorytoconsiderhowbesttoengagewithdifferentlifeforms,culturesandenvironments."然而,當我們著眼于探索我們自己以外的世界時,我們需要從現在開始審視歷史,考慮如何最好地融入不同的生命形式、文化和環境。可知,作者建議未來的太空探索借鑒以往的探索經驗。故選D。【答案】16.G;17.F;18.B;19.D;20.E【解析】【分析】本文為一篇說明文,許多新園丁認為有必要為他們的花園購買新物品,但事實上,精心設計和正確的植物選擇意味著你的花園實際上可以提供你需要的東西。作者介紹了植物支架不用買的實用小技巧。

【點評】考查七選五,本文是一篇生活類閱讀,要求在理解細節信息的基礎上,著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16.根據空前"Onecommonexampleofthethingsthatpeoplebuywhentheycouldgrowthemintheirowngardenisplantsupports."當人們可以在自己的花園里種植出來,他們會購買的一個常見的例子是植物支架。可知,花園里需要用得到的植物支架有兩個來源:或者購買,或者自己種出植物支架,人們通常選擇購買支架,根據句中的could的語氣,這是作者不贊同的做法。G.Plantsupportscanbeliving,growingplantsorbranchescutfromelsewhereinthespace"植物支架可以是活的,生長的植物或從空間的其他地方剪下的樹枝"承接上文;結合空后"Whiletherearenumerousplantsupportsonthemarket,myprofessionaltakeisyoucandowithoutbuyinganyoftheseatall."雖然市場上有很多植物支架,但我的專業觀點是,你可以不買任何一種,也能得到支架。作者提出自己的觀點,不花錢的情況下你也可以得到植物支架,G項與下文為順接關系,符合語境。故選G。17.根據空前"Sometimes,theplantsyougrowbesideclimbersorvinescanprovideallthesupporttheyneed."有時,你在攀援植物或藤蔓旁種植的植物可以提供它們所需的一切支持;以及空后"Thesamethingcanbetrueofanumberoftallerperennials(多年生植物)."同樣的情況也可能發生在一些較高的多年生植物上。F.Plantslikeshortpeascansimplybegrownclosetogetherandwillholdeachotherup"像矮豌豆這樣的植物可以簡單地種在一起,它們會互相提供支撐",作者指出需要支架的tallerperennials與Plantslikeshortpeas,都可以通過近距離種植的方式來相互支撐,承上啟下,符合語境,故選F。18.根據空后"asyouwillneedtothinkaboutcompetitionandavoidovercrowding."因為你需要考慮競爭,避免過度擁擠。是B.Thickplantingshouldbehandledwithcare"茂密的植物應小心處理"的原因:因為你需要考慮植物競爭生長,所以得避免植物過度擁擠。故選B。19.根據空前"Ifindgrowingtreeslikethehazelorwillowmeansyoualwayshavesuitablematerialtouseinyourowngarden."我發現,種植像榛樹或柳樹這樣的樹意味著你總是有合適的材料在自己的花園里使用。可知,橡樹和柳樹能提供做植物支架的材料;以及空后"Dosoearlyoningardenestablishmentandovertime,youcaneasilybecomeself-sufficientingardenplantsupports-eveninasmallgarden."花園建設的早期就這樣做,隨著時間的推移,你可以很容易地在花園植物的支持上自給自足——即使是在一個小花園。D.Plantingthesetreesinyourgardencanbeagreatchoice"在你的花園里種植這些樹是一個很好的選擇",承上啟下,符合語境,故選D。20.根據空后"Grownotjusteatableplants,butalsoarangeofotherplantswhichwillallowyoutobecomemoreself-sufficientovertime."不僅要種植可食用的植物,還要種植一系列其他植物,隨著時間的推移,這些植物會讓你變得更加自給自足。可知,作者建議的"花園里的種植的植物種類,以及帶來的好處;以及空后"itcanbehelpfultothinkaboutlonger-termneedsinyourgarden."考慮一下你的花園的長期需求是有幫助的。E.Sowhendesigningyourgardenanddecidingwhichplantstogrow"所以在設計你的花園并決定種植哪種植物時"承上啟下,符合語境,故選E。【答案】21.A;22.D;23.A;24.C;25.B;26.D;27.C;28.A;29.D;30.C;31.B;32.A;33.D;34.C;35.D;36.B;37.D;38.C;39.A;40.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,作者介紹了自己的成長和工作的經歷。作者是一名女性,從小就有創造力并具有設計的天賦。她想成為一名發明家,但工程學院不接收女生。作者一生都在為自己的夢想努力,學習繪畫,在85歲的時候還被著名設計師DavidKelley的公司錄取。

【點評】考查完形填空,本題考點涉及動詞,名詞,形容詞,狀語從句,副詞,固定短語等多個知識點的考查,是一篇故事類閱讀,要求考生在理解細節信息的基礎上,進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系,進行分析推理,從而選出正確答案。21.句意:然而,當我一歲的時候,他失去了工作,然后我們家陷入了困境。A.lost"失去";B.took"拿走";C.missed"錯過,想念";D.changed"改變"。根據空后"thenourfamilygotintoadifficultstation."可知然后我們的家庭陷入了困境。說明當我一歲的時候,他失去了工作。故選A。22.句意:我們負債累累,所以我們賣掉了房子。A.inorder"按順序";B.inpeace"和平地";C.indanger"在危險中";D.indebt"負債"。根據空后"sowesoldourhouse."可知我們賣掉了房子,原因是我們負債累累。故選D。23.句意:然后我們不得不和我的祖母住在一起,盡管她一點也不喜歡孩子。A.though"盡管";B.or"否則";C.as"因為";D.so"所以"。shedidn'tlikekidsatall是讓步狀語從句,表示盡管她一點也不喜歡孩子。此處是though引導的讓步狀語從句,故選A。24.句意:她從來沒有笑過。A.apologized"道歉";B.performed"執行,表演";C.smiled"微笑";D.worked"工作"。根據下文"ButIwasveryhappywithmyparents."可知但是我和父母在一起很開心。說明我和祖母一起不開心,因為她從來不笑。故選C。25.句意:我父親做東西很熟練。A.mad"瘋狂的";B.skilled"熟練的";C.amazed"驚奇的";D.disappointed"感到失望的"。根據下文"hadatalentfordesigning."可知有設計天賦。說明我父親擅長制作東西。故選B。26.句意:我也很有創造力,有設計天賦。A.sensitive"敏感的";B.strict"嚴格的";C.pretty"美麗的";D.creative"有創造力的"。根據空后"hadatalentfordesigning."可知有設計天賦。說明跟著爸爸一起,我也有創造力并具有設計的天賦。故選D。27.句意:我們沒有錢買玩具,所以我們自己制作。A.clothes"衣服";B.books"書";C.toys"玩具";D.foods"食品"。根據下文"Iputtwotyrestogethertomakeahorse."可知,我們沒有錢買玩具,所以我們自己做玩具,我把兩個輪胎拼在一起做了一匹馬。故選C。28.句意:我學到了很多關于重力的知識,因為我摔了很多次。A.felloff"從摔下來";B.gavein"屈服";C.lookedup"抬頭向上看,查閱";D.turnedback"往回走"。根據空前"Ilearnedalotaboutgravity(重力)"可知,我學到了很多關于重力的知識,因為我摔下來很多次。故選A。29.句意:到了10歲,我知道我想成為一名發明家,但他們不招收女生進入工程學校,所以我去了另一所學校,并于1945年畢業。A.doctor"醫生";B.soldier"士兵";C.dancer"舞蹈者";D.inventor"發明者"。根據下文"In1997,Iwentbacktoschooltolearndrawing,whichwas16formyinventions."可知1997年,我回到學校學習繪畫,這對我的發明很有幫助。說明到10歲時,我知道我想成為一名發明家。故選D。30.句意:到了10歲,我知道我想成為一名發明家,但他們不招收女生進入工程學校,所以我去了另一所學校,并于1945年畢業。A.started"開始";B.returned"歸還,返回";C.graduated"畢業";D.arrived"到達"。根據空前"soIwenttoanotherschool"可知,到10歲時,我知道我想成為一名發明家,但工程學院不接收女生,所以我去了另一所學校,并于1945年畢業。故選C。31.句意:然后我很幸運地被軍隊的訓練項目錄取了。A.afraid"害怕的";B.lucky"幸運的";C.brave"勇敢的";D.clever"聰明的"。根據空后"tobeacceptedbythearmy'strainingprogramme."可知,然后我很幸運地被軍隊的訓練項目所接受。故選B。32.句意:1966年,我退伍了。A.finished"完成";B.enjoyed"喜愛";C.escaped"逃脫";D.kept"保持"。根據語境可知我在那里學到了很多。1966年,我完成了軍隊的服役。故選A。33.句意:我想開發一些能幫助他們的東西。A.remember"記得";B.gather"聚集";C.say"說";D.develop"發展"。根據下文"In1997,Iwentbacktoschooltolearndrawing,whichwas16formyinventions.可知1997年,我回到學校學習繪畫,這對我的發明很有幫助。說明我想開發一些能幫助他們的東西。故選D。34.句意:幸運的是,我成功了。A.left"離開";B.agreed"同意";C.succeeded"成功";D.stopped"停止"。根據空前"Luckily"可知,很幸運。說明我成功了。故選C。35.句意:我試過五次退休,但都沒有成功。A.already"已經";B.always"總是";C.nearly"差不多";D.never"從來沒有"。根據下文"In1997,Iwentbacktoschooltolearndrawing,whichwas16formyinventions."可知,1997年,我回到學校學習繪畫,這對我的發明很有幫助。說明我試著五次退休,但從來沒有成功過。故選D。36.句意:1997年,我回到學校學習繪畫,這對

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