專八英譯漢試題及答案姓名：____________________

一、單項選擇題（每題1分，共20分）

1.Thephrase"apieceofcake"means________.

A.adifficulttask

B.aneasytask

C.apieceofdeliciouscake

D.apieceofinformation

2."Shehasaknackforlanguages"means________.

A.Shehasastronginterestinlanguages

B.Sheisabornlinguist

C.Sheisverygoodatlearninglanguages

D.Sheisnotgoodatlearninglanguages

3.Thesentence"Heisasgoodashisword"means________.

A.Heisveryhonest

B.Heisnotveryhonest

C.Heisasgoodashelooks

D.Heisveryreliable

4.Theidiom"hitthenailonthehead"means________.

A.tohitanaildirectly

B.tohitthehead

C.tosayexactlytherightthing

D.tohittheheaddirectly

5."Sheisasfitasafiddle"means________.

A.Sheisnotfitatall

B.Sheisveryhealthy

C.Sheisafiddleplayer

D.Sheisverytired

參考答案：1.B2.C3.A4.C5.B

二、多項選擇題（每題3分，共15分）

6.ThefollowingsentencesareallexamplesoffigurativelanguageEXCEPT________.

A.Thecatissleepingonthemat

B.Thesunsetsinthewest

C.Theriverflowsslowly

D.Thetreeistallandstrong

7.Choosethecorrectprepositiontocompletethefollowingsentences:

a.Hewalked_______thepark.

b.Sheissitting_______thedesk.

A.in,at

B.on,in

C.at,in

D.on,on

8.Thefollowingwordsareallsynonymsof"happy"EXCEPT________.

A.joyful

B.cheerful

C.content

D.sad

9.Choosethecorrectwordtocompletethefollowingsentences:

a.The_______ofthemeetingwasveryimportant.

b.Hefelta_______ofexcitement.

A.mood,sensation

B.feeling,mood

C.sensation,feeling

D.mood,sensation

10.ThefollowingsentencesareallexamplesofametaphorEXCEPT________.

A.Timeisathief.

B.Theseawascalmasamirror.

C.Sheisastarinherfield.

D.Thewindwhisperedthroughthetrees.

參考答案：6.C7.A8.D9.A10.D

三、判斷題（每題2分，共10分）

11."It'srainingcatsanddogs"meansitisrainingveryheavily.()

12."Tokilltwobirdswithonestone"meanstoachievetwogoalsatthesametime.()

13.Thephrase"onceinabluemoon"meanssomethingthathappensveryoften.()

14."Apennyforyourthoughts"meanstopayasmallamountofmoneyforaperson'sthoughts.()

15.Theidiom"spillthebeans"meanstorevealasecret.()

參考答案：11.√12.√13.×14.×15.√

四、簡答題（每題10分，共25分）

16.Explainthedifferencebetween"lie"and"lay"intermsoftheirusageinsentences.

答案：Theverb"lie"isusedtodescribetheactionofrestingorbeinginahorizontalposition,anditisintransitive,meaningitdoesnottakeadirectobject.Forexample,"Thecatliesonthemat."Theverb"lay"isusedtodescribetheactionofplacingsomethingdown,anditistransitive,meaningittakesadirectobject.Forexample,"Shelaidthebookonthetable."Additionally,"lay"isthepasttenseof"lie,"while"laid"isthepastparticipleof"lay."

17.Describethestructureandfunctionofasimile.

答案：Asimileisafigureofspeechthatcomparestwodifferentthingsusingthewords"like"or"as."Ittypicallyconsistsoftwoparts:thesubjectbeingcomparedandthesubjecttowhichitisbeingcompared.Thestructureisoftenintheformof"AislikeB,"where"A"isthesubjectand"B"istheobjectofcomparison.Thefunctionofasimileistoprovideavividcomparisonthathelpsthereaderorlistenertobetterunderstandorvisualizethesubjectbeingdescribed.

18.Whatisthepurposeofusingidiomsinwritingorspeaking?

答案：Idiomsarephrasesorexpressionsthathaveafigurativemeaningthatisdifferentfromtheliteralmeaningofthewords.Thepurposeofusingidiomsinwritingorspeakingincludesenhancingtheclarityandexpressivenessoflanguage,makingitmorecolorfulandengaging,andconveyingnuancesofmeaningthatcannotbeeasilyexpressedthroughliterallanguage.Idiomsalsohelptocreateasenseoffamiliarityandculturalcontext,astheyareoftenrootedinspecificculturaltraditionsorhistoricalreferences.

五、論述題

題目：Discusstheimportanceofunderstandingculturalcontextswhentranslatingidiomaticexpressionsfromonelanguagetoanother.

答案：Understandingculturalcontextsiscrucialwhentranslatingidiomaticexpressionsfromonelanguagetoanotherduetoseveralreasons.Firstandforemost,idiomsaredeeplyrootedintheculturalandlinguistictraditionsofaparticularlanguage.Theyoftencarrymeaningsthatgobeyondtheliteraltranslationofthewords,reflectingculturalvalues,beliefs,andhistoricalevents.Withoutagraspoftheculturalcontext,atranslatormayendupwithatranslationthatlacksmeaningorisevennonsensicaltothetargetaudience.

Secondly,idiomaticexpressionscanbehighlyspecifictoaparticularculture.Aphrasethatiswidelyunderstoodandusedinoneculturemaynothaveadirectequivalentinanother.Forinstance,theEnglishidiom"kickthebucket"meanstodie,butinsomeotherlanguages,acompletelydifferentexpressionormetaphorisusedtoconveythesamemeaning.Ifatranslatorfailstorecognizethis,theymightinadvertentlyuseaphrasethatisnotonlyculturallyinappropriatebutalsoconfusingtothereaders.

Moreover,theconnotationsassociatedwithidiomaticexpressionscanvarygreatlyacrosscultures.Anidiommighthaveapositiveconnotationinonecultureandanegativeoneinanother.Forexample,"hitthebooks"meanstostudyhardinEnglish,butinsomecultures,itmighthaveanegativeconnotation,suggestingthatsomeoneislazy.Translatorsmustbeawareofthesenuancestoensurethatthetranslationisnotonlyaccuratebutalsorespectfuloftheculturaldifferences.

Additionally,idiomaticexpressionsoftenplayasignificantroleintherhythmandflowoflanguage.Theycontributetothenaturalnessandexpressivenessofspeechandwriting.Atranslatorwhoignorestheculturalcontextmayendupwithatranslationthatsoundsunnaturalorstilted,whichcandetractfromtheoveralleffectivenessofthecommunication.

Inconclusion,understandingculturalcontextsisessentialforeffectivetranslationofidiomaticexpressions.Itallowstranslatorstopreservetheintendedmeaning,connotations,andculturalnuancesoftheoriginaltext,ensuringthatthetranslationisbothaccurateandculturallyappropriateforthetargetaudience.Bydoingso,translatorscanfacilitatebettercross-culturalunderstandingandcommunication.

試卷答案如下：

一、單項選擇題（每題1分，共20分）

1.B.aneasytask

解析思路：根據題干中的“apieceofcake”可知，這是一個表示某事容易做的習語，因此選擇B項。

2.C.Sheisverygoodatlearninglanguages

解析思路：根據題干中的“aknackforlanguages”可知，這是一個表示某人擅長做某事的習語，因此選擇C項。

3.A.Heisveryhonest

解析思路：根據題干中的“Hehasaknackforlanguages”可知，這是一個表示某人非常誠實可信的習語，因此選擇A項。

4.C.tosayexactlytherightthing

解析思路：根據題干中的“hitthenailonthehead”可知，這是一個表示說中要害或說對了的習語，因此選擇C項。

5.B.Sheisveryhealthy

解析思路：根據題干中的“Sheisasfitasafiddle”可知，這是一個表示某人非常健康或精力充沛的習語，因此選擇B項。

二、多項選擇題（每題3分，共15分）

6.C.Theriverflowsslowly

解析思路：題干