2021年英語(yǔ)專業(yè)四級(jí)考試題庫(kù)大全及答案詞匯與語(yǔ)法部分1.Heisnot_____asateacherofEnglishashispronunciationisterrible.A.muchofasuccessB.muchofafailureC.asuccessD.afailure答案：A。“muchofa+名詞”表示“稱得上……的，相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的”。這里說(shuō)他因?yàn)榘l(fā)音糟糕稱不上一個(gè)好的英語(yǔ)老師，也就是在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)方面不太成功，所以選A。2.Thepolicehaveofferedalarge_____forinformationleadingtotherobber'sarrest.A.awardB.compensationC.prizeD.reward答案：D。“reward”指為某項(xiàng)服務(wù)或成就給予的報(bào)酬或獎(jiǎng)賞，通常是為了鼓勵(lì)人們提供信息等；“award”一般指官方授予的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)；“compensation”是補(bǔ)償；“prize”是競(jìng)賽等的獎(jiǎng)品。這里警方為獲取導(dǎo)致?lián)尳俜副徊兜男畔⑻峁﹫?bào)酬，用“reward”合適。3.Itishightimewe_____somethingtostoproadaccidents.A.didB.aredoingC.willdoD.do答案：A。“Itishightimethat...”后面的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，所以選A。4.Theoldcoupledecidedtomoveoutoftowntoaquiet_____,wheretheyhadspentseveralyearsimmediatelyaftertheirmarriage.A.spaceB.suburbC.neighborhoodD.area答案：B。“suburb”指郊區(qū)，符合老夫婦從城里搬到安靜地方的語(yǔ)境；“space”強(qiáng)調(diào)空間；“neighborhood”側(cè)重社區(qū)；“area”范圍較廣，這里用“suburb”最合適。5._____allourkindnesstohelpher,Sarahrefusedtolistentous.A.AtB.ForC.InD.On答案：B。“for”在這里表示“盡管”，相當(dāng)于“despite”。全句意思是盡管我們好心幫她，莎拉還是不聽(tīng)我們的。6.Thehousewasveryquiet,_____asitwasonthesideofamountain.A.isolatedB.isolatingC.beingisolatedD.havingbeenisolated答案：A。“isolated”是形容詞，作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明房子的狀態(tài)是“被孤立的，偏遠(yuǎn)的”，和“quiet”相呼應(yīng)。7.Wecanassignthetaskto_____iscapableandtrustworthy.A.whomeverB.whoC.whomD.whoever答案：D。“whoever”引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“anyonewho”。這里表示我們可以把任務(wù)分配給任何有能力且值得信賴的人。8.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme_____ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.A.tobeinformedB.oninformingC.informedD.informing答案：C。“keepsb.informedof...”是固定用法，意為“讓某人了解……”，“informed”是過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)和完成。9._____theclaimaboutGermaneconomicmight,itissomewhatsurprisinghowrelativelysmalltheGermaneconomyactuallyis.A.TogiveB.GivenC.GivingD.Havinggiven答案：B。“given”在這里是介詞，意為“考慮到，鑒于”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)。全句意思是考慮到關(guān)于德國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力的說(shuō)法，德國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)際上相對(duì)較小這一點(diǎn)有點(diǎn)令人驚訝。10.Ifonlythepatient_____adifferenttreatmentinsteadofusingtheantibiotics,hemightstillbealivenow.A.hadreceivedB.receivedC.shouldreceiveD.werereceiving答案：A。“ifonly”表示“要是……就好了”，后面的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)“hemightstillbealivenow”可知是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，所以選A。完型填空部分IntheUnitedStates,thefirstdaynurserywasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe1850sand1860s,andmostof11werecharitable.BothinEuropeandintheU.S.,theday-nurserymovementreceivedgreat12duringtheFirstWorldWar,when13ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountriesnurserieswereestablished14inmunitionsplants,underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.15thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose16,thisrisewasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingtheFirstWorldWar,17,Federal,State,andlocalgovernmentsgraduallybegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol18thedaynurseries,chieflyby19themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.The20oftheSecondWorldWarwasquicklyfollowedbyanincreaseinthenumberofdaynurseriesinalmostallcountries,aswomenwereagaincalledupontoreplacemeninthefactories.Onthis21theU.S.governmentimmediatelycametothesupportofthenurseryschools,22$6,000,000inJuly,1942,foranursery-schoolprogramforthechildrenofworkingmothers.ManyStatesandlocalcommunities23thisFederalaid.Bytheendofthewar,inAugust,1945,morethan100,000childrenwerebeingcared24inday-carecentersreceivingFederal25.Soonafterward,theFederalgovernment26cutdownitsexpendituresforthispurposeandlater27them,causingasharpdropinthenumberofnurseryschoolsinoperation.However,theexpectationthatmostemployedmotherswouldleavetheir28attheendofthewarwasonlypartlyfulfilled.11.A.thoseB.themC.whoseD.whom答案：B。這里需要一個(gè)賓格代詞作“of”的賓語(yǔ)，指代前面的“nurseries”，所以用“them”。12.A.impetusB.inputC.imitationD.initiative答案：A。“impetus”意為“推動(dòng)力，促進(jìn)”，一戰(zhàn)期間人力短缺促使大量女性就業(yè)，從而推動(dòng)了日托所運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)展，符合語(yǔ)境。“input”是輸入；“imitation”是模仿；“initiative”是主動(dòng)性。13.A.sourcesB.abundanceC.shortageD.reduction答案：C。根據(jù)后面“theindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen”可知是人力短缺，才讓大量女性去工作，“shortage”符合。14.A.hardlyB.entirelyC.onlyD.even答案：D。“even”表示遞進(jìn)，在一些歐洲國(guó)家，日托所甚至建在了軍工廠里，符合邏輯。15.A.BecauseB.AsC.SinceD.Although答案：D。前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，盡管美國(guó)日托所數(shù)量也增加了，但沒(méi)有政府任何援助，“although”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。16.A.unanimouslyB.sharplyC.predominantlyD.militantly答案：B。“sharply”表示急劇地，說(shuō)明日托所數(shù)量增加得很快，符合語(yǔ)境。17.A.thereforeB.consequentlyC.howeverD.moreover答案：C。這里和前文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，一戰(zhàn)后聯(lián)邦、州和地方政府開(kāi)始對(duì)日托所進(jìn)行控制，用“however”。18.A.overB.inC.atD.about答案：A。“exercisecontrolover...”是固定搭配，意為“對(duì)……實(shí)施控制”。19.A.formulatingB.labelingC.patentingD.licensing答案：D。“l(fā)icensing”意為“頒發(fā)許可證”，政府通過(guò)給日托所頒發(fā)許可證、檢查和規(guī)范其內(nèi)部條件來(lái)進(jìn)行控制。20.A.outsetB.outbreakC.breakthroughD.breakdown答案：B。“outbreak”指（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、疾病等的）爆發(fā)，二戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)后日托所數(shù)量增加，符合語(yǔ)境。21.A.circumstanceB.occasionC.caseD.situation答案：B。“onthisoccasion”是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“在這個(gè)時(shí)候，在這種場(chǎng)合”。22.A.regulatingB.summoningC.allocatingD.transferring答案：C。“allocating”意為“分配，撥出”，美國(guó)政府在1942年7月?lián)艹?00萬(wàn)美元用于日托所項(xiàng)目。23.A.expandedB.facilitatedC.supplementedD.compensated答案：C。“supplemented”表示補(bǔ)充，許多州和地方社區(qū)補(bǔ)充了聯(lián)邦政府的援助。24.A.byB.afterC.ofD.for答案：D。“carefor”是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“照顧”。25.A.pensionsB.subsidiesC.revenuesD.budgets答案：B。“subsidies”指補(bǔ)貼，這里說(shuō)在接受聯(lián)邦補(bǔ)貼的日托中心里的孩子。26.A.prevalentlyB.furiouslyC.statisticallyD.drastically答案：D。“drastically”表示大幅度地，聯(lián)邦政府大幅度削減了這方面的開(kāi)支。27.A.abolishedB.diminishedC.jeopardizedD.precluded答案：A。“abolished”意為“廢除，取消”，后來(lái)取消了開(kāi)支，導(dǎo)致日托所數(shù)量急劇下降。28.A.nurseriesB.homesC.jobsD.children答案：C。人們期望大多數(shù)職業(yè)母親在戰(zhàn)后會(huì)離開(kāi)工作崗位，但只是部分實(shí)現(xiàn)了，所以選“jobs”。閱讀理解部分Passage1Telecommuting—substitutingthecomputerforthetriptothejob—hasbeenhailedasasolutiontoallkindsofproblemsrelatedtoofficework.Forworkersitpromisesfreedomfromtheoffice,lesstimewastedintraffic,andhelpwithchild-careconflicts.Formanagement,telecommutinghelpskeephighperformersonboard,minimizestardinessandabsenteeismbyeliminatingcommutes,allowsperiodsofsolitudeforhigh-concentrationtasks,andprovidesschedulingflexibility.Insomeareas,suchasSouthernCaliforniaandSeattle,Washington,localgovernmentsareencouragingcompaniestostarttelecommutingprogramsinordertoreducerush-hourtrafficandimproveairquality.Butthesebenefitsdonotcomeeasily.Makingatelecommutingprogramworkrequirescarefulplanningandanunderstandingofthedifferencesbetweentelecommutingrealitiesandpopularimages.Manyworkersareseducedbyrosyillusionsoflifeasatelecommuter.AcomputerprogrammerfromNewYorkCitymovestothetranquilAdirondackMountainsandstaysincontactwithherofficeviacomputer.Amanagercomesintohisofficethreedaysaweekandworksathometheothertwo.Anaccountantstayshometocareforhersickchild;shehooksuphertelephonemodemconnectionsanddoesofficeworkbetweencallstothedoctor.Thesearepowerfulimages,buttheyarealimitedreflectionofreality.Telecommutingworkerssoonlearnthatitisalmostimpossibletoconcentrateonworkandcareforayoungchildatthesametime.Beforeacertainage,youngchildrencannotrecognize,muchlessrespect,thenecessaryboundariesbetweenworkandfamily.Additionalchildsupportisnecessaryiftheparentistogetanyworkdone.Management,too,mustseparatethemythfromthereality.Althoughthemediahaspaidagreatdealofattentiontotelecommuting,inmostcasesitistheemployee'ssituation,nottheavailabilityoftechnology,thatprecipitatesatelecommutingarrangement.Thatispartlywhy,despitethewidespreadpresscoverage,thenumberofcompanieswithwork-at-homeprogramsorpolicyguidelinesremainssmall.29.Whatisthemainsubjectofthepassage?A.Businessmanagementpolicies.B.Drivingtowork.C.Extendingtheworkplacebymeansofcomputers.D.Computersforchild-carepurposes.答案：C。文章主要圍繞遠(yuǎn)程辦公，即通過(guò)電腦把工作場(chǎng)所延伸到家庭等地方展開(kāi)，介紹了其好處、實(shí)施的困難等，所以選C。30.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaproblemforofficeemployees?A.Beingrestrictedtotheoffice.B.Incurringexpensesforlunchesandclothing.C.Takingcareofchildren.D.Drivinginheavytraffic.答案：B。文章提到員工在辦公室工作會(huì)受限于辦公室、面臨交通擁堵和照顧孩子的問(wèn)題，但未提及午餐和服裝費(fèi)用問(wèn)題。31.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthormentionasapossibledisadvantageoftelecommuting?A.Smallchildrenmaydistractfromwork.B.Thecomputermaybreakdown.C.Telecommutersareoftenlonely.D.Jobpromotionsarelesslikely.答案：A。文中提到遠(yuǎn)程辦公的員工很難同時(shí)專注工作和照顧小孩，小孩子會(huì)分散工作注意力，所以選A。32.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleoftelecommutingasdescribedinthepassage?A.Ascientistinalaboratorydevelopingplansforaspacestation.B.Atechnicalwritersendingviacomputerdocumentscreatedathome.C.Acomputertechnicianrepairinganofficecomputernetwork.D.Ateacherdirectingcomputer-assistedlearninginaprivateschool.答案：B。遠(yuǎn)程辦公是用電腦代替去辦公室上班，技術(shù)作家在家創(chuàng)作文件并通過(guò)電腦發(fā)送，符合遠(yuǎn)程辦公的定義，選B。寫(xiě)作部分題目Nowadays,moreandmorestudentschoosetofurthertheirstudyabroad.Somepeoplethinkitisagoodwaytogainbettereducationandexperiencedifferentcultures,whileothersbelieveitmaybringsomeproblemssuchasculturalshockandhighcost.Writeanessayofabout200wordstodiscussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.范文Inrecentyears,thephenomenonofstudentsgoingabroadforfurtherstudyhasbecomeincreasinglyprevalent.Opinionsonthistrendaredivided.Thoseinfavorofstudyingabroadarguethatitoffersstudentsaccesstohigh-qualityeducationresources.Foreignuniversitiesoftenhaveadvancedteachingmethodsandresearchfacilities,whichcanbroadenstudents'academichorizons.Moreover,itisanexcellentopportunitytoexperiencediversecultures,enhancecross-culturalcommunicationskills,anddevelopamoreglobalperspective.However,opponentspointoutseveralproblems.Firstly,culturalshockisacommonissue.Studentsmayfinditdifficulttoadapttothenewenvironment,customs,andvalues,whichcanleadtofeelingsofisolationandanxiety.Secondly,thecostofstudyingabroadisextremelyhigh,includingtuitionfees,livingexpenses,andtravelcosts,whichmayimposeaheavyfinancialburdenonfamilies.Inmyopinion,studyingabroadhasitsprosandcons.Ifstudentscanwellpreparethemselvesforthechallengesandtheirfamiliescanaffordthecost,itisdefinitelyavaluableexperience.Theyshouldmakefulluseoftheresourcesandopportunitiesabroadtoimprovethemselvesandmakeacontributiontotheirmotherlandinthefuture.聽(tīng)力部分對(duì)話理解Conversation1W:Hi,Tom.Howwasyourweekend?M:Notbad.Iwenttotheartexhibitionatthecitymuseum.Itwasreallyamazing.W:Oh,soundsinteresting.Whatkindofartworkswerethere?M:Therewerepaintings,sculpturesandsomemodernartinstallations.Iespeciallylikedtheoilpaintings.Theyweresovivid.33.WheredidTomgolastweekend?A.Toapark.B.Toamuseum.C.Toaconcert.D.Toatheater.答案：B。對(duì)話中Tom明確說(shuō)“Iwenttotheartexhibitionatthecitymuseum”，所以選B。34.WhatkindofartworksdidTomlikebest?A.Sculptures.B.Modernartinstallations.C.Oilpaintings.D.Water-colorpaintings.答案：C。Tom說(shuō)“Iespeciallylikedtheoilpaintings”，所以選C。新聞聽(tīng)力News1Amajorearthquakehitthecoastalareaofasmallcountrylastnight.Theearthquake,withamagnitudeof6.5ontheRichterscale,causedwidespreaddamage.Manybuildingscollapsed,andtherearereportsofcasualties.Rescueteamshavebeendispatchedtotheaffectedareatosearchforsurvivorsandprovideemergencyassistance.35.Whathappenedlastnight?A.Afloodhitasmallcountry.B.Afirebrokeoutinacoastalarea.C.Anearthquakestruckacoastalarea.D.Ahurricanehitasmalltown.答案：C。新聞開(kāi)頭就提到“Amajorearthquakehitthecoastalareaofasmallcountrylastnight”，所以選C。36.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheearthquake?A.5.5B.6.0C.6.5D.7.0答案：C。新聞中明確給出地震震級(jí)是6.5級(jí)，所以選C。更多詞匯與語(yǔ)法題37.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds_____hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.A.tobebasedonB.tobaseonC.whichtobaseonD.onwhichtobase答案：D。“onwhichtobasehisarguments”是“介詞+關(guān)系代詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句“whichhecouldbasehisargumentson”，base...on...是固定搭配，這里表示教授很難找到足夠的依據(jù)來(lái)支持新理論。38._____forthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbesothrivingasitis.A.HaditnotbeenB.WereitnotC.BeitnotD.Shoulditnotbe答案：A。這是虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，原句是“Ifithadnotbeenforthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic”，省略if后，把助動(dòng)詞had提前，所以選A。39.You_____himsoclosely;youshouldhavekeptyourdistance.A.shouldn'thavebeenfollowingB.shouldn'tfollowC.mustn'tfollowD.couldn'thavebeenfollowing答案：A。“shouldn'thavedone”表示本不應(yīng)該做某事卻做了，這里說(shuō)本不應(yīng)該一直緊緊跟著他，應(yīng)該保持距離，所以選A。40.Thegovernmenthaspromisedtodo_____liesinitspowertoeasethehardshipsofthevictimsintheflood-strickenarea.A.howeverB.whicheverC.whateverD.wherever答案：C。“whatever”引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，表示政府承諾會(huì)做力所能及的事情來(lái)緩解洪災(zāi)地區(qū)災(zāi)民的困苦。41.Theroomwassoquietthatshecouldhearthe_____ofherheart.A.hittingB.beatingC.tappingD.knocking答案：B。“heart-beating”表示心跳，“beat”常用來(lái)描述心臟、脈搏等有規(guī)律的跳動(dòng)，所以選B。42.Shewasso_____inherjobthatshedidn'thearanybodyknockingatthedoor.A.attractedB.absorbedC.drawnD.concentrated答案：B。“beabsorb