2020年英語專業八級考試備考資料聽力部分備考資料聽力對話（Mini-lecture）Mini-lecture通常是一篇約900詞的講座，之后會有15道填空題。1.熟悉講座主題類型常見主題包括學術領域（如文學、歷史、哲學、社會學等）和社會生活話題（如文化習俗、教育、科技發展等）。例如，可能會有關于“莎士比亞戲劇中的女性角色”“社交媒體對人際關系的影響”等講座。2.聽力技巧訓練-預讀題目：在聽力開始前，快速瀏覽題目，預判講座內容和可能出現的信息點。比如看到題目中有“_____factorsinfluencingdecision-making”，就知道要重點聽決策的影響因素。-邊聽邊記：使用縮寫、符號和關鍵詞記錄重要信息。例如，“increase”可寫成“↑”，“decrease”寫成“↓”；“example”寫成“eg.”。-注意邏輯詞：如“firstly,secondly,however,therefore”等，它們能幫助你把握講座的結構和重點內容。3.練習題以下是一道模擬Mini-lecture題目及聽力原文：聽力原文：Today,wearegoingtotalkaboutthedevelopmentofurbantransportation.Urbantransportationhasgonethroughseveralsignificantstages.Thefirststageisthehorse-drawncarriageera.Inthepast,horse-drawncarriageswerethemainmeansoftransportationincities.Theywereslowbutrelativelystable.Peoplemainlyusedthemforshort-distancetravelwithinthecity.Thencamethetramera.Tramswereintroducedinthelate19thcentury.Theyranontracksandwerepoweredbyelectricity.Tramsincreasedthespeedofurbantransportationandcouldcarrymorepassengers.Theywereverypopularinmanybigcitiesatthattime.Thethirdstageistheautomobileera.Withtheinventionoftheinternalcombustionengine,carsbecamemoreandmorecommonincities.Carsprovidedmoreflexibilityforpeopletotravel.However,theyalsobroughtsomeproblems,suchastrafficcongestionandairpollution.Now,weareenteringtheeraofintelligenttransportation.IntelligenttransportationsystemsuseadvancedtechnologieslikeartificialintelligenceandtheInternetofThings.Forexample,smarttrafficlightscanadjusttheirtimingaccordingtothetrafficflow,andself-drivingcarsarebeingtestedinmanyplaces.Thesetechnologiesaimtomakeurbantransportationmoreefficientandsustainable.題目：1.Thefirststageofurbantransportationisthe______era.2.Horse-drawncarriagesweremainlyusedfor______travelwithinthecity.3.Tramswereintroducedinthe______century.4.Tramswerepoweredby______.5.Theautomobileerawasbroughtaboutbytheinventionofthe______.6.Carsprovidedmore______forpeopletotravel.7.Twoproblemscausedbycarsare______andairpollution.8.Thecurrenteraofurbantransportationistheeraof______transportation.9.Intelligenttransportationsystemsuseadvancedtechnologieslike______andtheInternetofThings.10.Smarttrafficlightscanadjusttheirtimingaccordingtothe______.答案：1.horse-drawncarriage2.short-distance3.late19th4.electricity5.internalcombustionengine6.flexibility7.trafficcongestion8.intelligent9.artificialintelligence10.trafficflow聽力訪談（Interview/Conversation）聽力訪談通常是一段對話，之后會有5道選擇題。1.熟悉常見話題話題包括教育、職業發展、文化交流、健康養生等。例如，可能會有關于“如何選擇合適的大學專業”“職場新人的職業規劃”等對話。2.聽力技巧訓練-抓住主旨：注意對話開頭和結尾部分，了解對話的主要目的和核心內容。-關注細節：對話中可能會出現時間、地點、人物觀點等細節信息，需要仔細聆聽并記錄。-理解態度：注意說話者的語氣和用詞，判斷其對話題的態度是積極、消極還是中立。3.練習題聽力原文：A:Hi,Mary.IheardyoujustcamebackfromastudyabroadprograminFrance.Howwasit?B:Oh,itwasamazing!Ireallyenjoyedmytimethere.A:Whatdidyoulikemostabouttheexperience?B:Well,theculturewasoneofthehighlights.TheFrenchpeoplearesopassionateaboutart,food,andfashion.IvisitedmanyartmuseumsandtriedallkindsofdeliciousFrenchcuisine.A:Soundsgreat.Didyouhaveanydifficultiesduringyourstay?B:Yeah,thelanguagewasabitofachallengeatfirst.AlthoughIhadlearnedsomeFrenchinschool,itwasstillhardtocommunicatefluentlyinreal-lifesituations.ButImanagedtoimprovemylanguageskillsovertime.A:That'sgood.Didyoumakeanyfriendsthere?B:Absolutely!Imadesomereallygoodfriends,bothFrenchstudentsandotherinternationalstudents.Weoftenwentouttogetherandhadalotoffun.A:Itseemslikeyouhadaveryfulfillingexperience.Wouldyourecommendittoothers?B:Definitely!Ithinkstudyingabroadisagreatopportunitytobroadenyourhorizonsandgainnewperspectives.題目：1.WheredidMarygoforthestudy-abroadprogram?A.EnglandB.FranceC.Italy2.WhatdidMarylikemostabouttheexperience?A.TheweatherB.ThecultureC.Theaccommodation3.WhatwasadifficultyMaryfacedduringherstay?A.FindingaplacetoliveB.MakingfriendsC.CommunicatinginFrench4.WhodidMarymakefriendswith?A.OnlyFrenchstudentsB.OnlyinternationalstudentsC.BothFrenchandinternationalstudents5.WhatdoesMarythinkofstudyingabroad?A.It'sawasteoftime.B.It'sagreatopportunity.C.It'stooexpensive.答案：1.B2.B3.C4.C5.B閱讀理解部分備考資料題型特點閱讀理解部分包括選擇題和簡答題，文章題材廣泛，涵蓋文學、社會、科技、歷史等領域。1.閱讀技巧訓練-略讀：快速瀏覽文章標題、首尾段和每段的首句，了解文章的主旨和大致結構。-掃讀：根據題目中的關鍵詞，在文章中快速定位相關信息。-精讀：對于重要的段落和句子，仔細閱讀，理解其含義和邏輯關系。2.練習題閱讀文章：Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbecomeincreasinglyimportantinrecentdecades.Itreferstothedevelopmentthatmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Oneofthekeyaspectsofsustainabledevelopmentisenvironmentalprotection.Thisincludesmeasuressuchasreducingpollution,conservingnaturalresources,andprotectingbiodiversity.Forexample,manycountriesarenowinvestinginrenewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpowertoreducetheirrelianceonfossilfuels,whichcauseenvironmentaldamage.Anotherimportantaspectiseconomicdevelopment.Sustainabledevelopmentrequiresthateconomicgrowthbeachievedinawaythatisenvironmentallyfriendlyandsociallyresponsible.Thismayinvolvepromotinggreenindustries,suchastheproductionofelectricvehiclesandthedevelopmentofsustainableagriculture.Socialdevelopmentisalsoanintegralpartofsustainabledevelopment.Itfocusesonimprovingthequalityoflifeforallpeople,especiallythepoorandmarginalized.Thiscanbeachievedthroughmeasuressuchasprovidingaccesstoeducation,healthcare,andcleanwater.Inconclusion,sustainabledevelopmentisacomplexandmulti-facetedconceptthatrequiresabalancebetweenenvironmental,economic,andsocialfactors.題目：1.Whatdoessustainabledevelopmentreferto?A.Meetingtheneedsofthepresentonly.B.Meetingtheneedsoffuturegenerationsonly.C.Meetingtheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.2.Whichofthefollowingisameasureofenvironmentalprotectioninsustainabledevelopment?A.Usingmorefossilfuels.B.Investinginrenewableenergysources.C.Increasingpollution.3.Whatdoessustainableeconomicdevelopmentrequire?A.Economicgrowthatanycost.B.Economicgrowththatisenvironmentallyfriendlyandsociallyresponsible.C.Onlyfocusingontraditionalindustries.4.Whatisanimportantpartofsocialdevelopmentinsustainabledevelopment?A.Ignoringthepoor.B.Providingaccesstoeducation,healthcare,andcleanwater.C.Promotingluxuryconsumption.5.Whatkindofconceptissustainabledevelopment?A.Asimpleandone-sidedconcept.B.Acomplexandmulti-facetedconcept.C.Aconceptthatonlyfocusesontheenvironment.簡答題：1.Listtwokeyaspectsofsustainabledevelopmentmentionedinthepassage.2.Whyaremanycountriesinvestinginrenewableenergysources?答案：選擇題：1.C2.B3.B4.B5.B簡答題：1.Environmentalprotection,economicdevelopment,andsocialdevelopment(anytwoofthem).2.Toreducetheirrelianceonfossilfuels,whichcauseenvironmentaldamage.語言知識部分備考資料語法和詞匯考點語法方面重點考查時態、語態、虛擬語氣、從句、非謂語動詞等；詞匯方面注重近義詞辨析、固定搭配、詞匯的語境運用等。1.語法練習題1.IfI______you,Iwouldaccepttheoffer.A.amB.wasC.wereD.be2.Thebook,______isblue,belongstome.A.whosecoverB.itscoverC.thecoverofthatD.thecover3.He______inthefactoryforthreeyearsbeforehejoinedthearmy.A.hasworkedB.worksC.hadworkedD.willwork4.______isknowntoall,theearthisround.A.ThatB.AsC.ItD.What5.Theteacheraswellasthestudents______interestedinthemovie.A.areB.isC.haveD.has答案：1.C2.A3.C4.B5.B2.詞匯練習題1.Thenewpolicywillhaveapositive______ontheeconomy.A.affectB.effectC.effortD.afford2.Thetwowordsaresimilarinmeaning,butthereisaslight______betweenthem.A.differenceB.differentC.differentiateD.differential3.Thecompanyistryingto______itsmarketshareintheglobalmarket.A.increaseB.raiseC.riseD.lift4.Heisso______thathebelieveseverythingotherstellhim.A.credibleB.credulousC.incredulousD.incredible5.Theprofessorgaveavery______speechattheconference.A.informB.informedC.informativeD.information答案：1.B2.A3.A4.B5.C翻譯部分備考資料漢譯英漢譯英要求考生將一段約150個漢字的中文段落翻譯成英語，注重對語言準確性和流暢性的考查。1.常用翻譯技巧-詞性轉換：根據英語表達習慣，將中文的名詞、動詞等進行詞性轉換。例如，“他的成功源于他的努力”可譯為“Hissuccessresultsfromhishardwork”，將“成功”（名詞）和“努力”（名詞）直接使用。-增詞減詞：為了使譯文更符合英語表達習慣，有時需要增加或減少一些詞。例如，“她很漂亮”可譯為“Sheisverybeautiful”，增加了“very”使表達更自然。-句子結構調整：將中文的流水句調整為英語的復合句或并列句。例如，“他來了，他看到了，他征服了”可譯為“Hecame,hesaw,andheconquered”。2.練習題中文段落：中國有著悠久的歷史和豐富的文化。在過去的幾十年里，中國在經濟和科技領域取得了巨大的進步。許多中國的科技公司在全球市場上變得越來越有競爭力。中國的高鐵技術更是聞名世界，為人們的出行提供了便利。參考譯文：Chinahasalonghistoryandrichculture.Inthepastfewdecades,Chinahasmadegreatprogressinthefieldsofeconomyandtechnology.ManyChinesetechnologycompanieshavebecomemoreandmorecompetitiveintheglobalmarket.China'shigh-speedrailtechnologyisworld-famous,providingconvenienceforpeople'stravel.英譯漢英譯漢要求考生將一段約150個英文單詞的段落翻譯成中文，要準確傳達原文的意思，同時注意中文表達的通順性。1.常用翻譯技巧-詞義選擇：根據上下文選擇合適的詞義。例如，“bank”有“銀行”“河岸”等意思，需要根據語境確定。-語序調整：將英語的句子結構調整為符合中文表達習慣的語序。例如，“Themanwhoisstandingoverthereismyteacher”可譯為“站在那邊的那個人是我的老師”。-被動語態處理：英語中被動語態使用較多，翻譯時可根據情況譯為主動語態或保留被動形式。例如，“Thebookwaswrittenbyafamousauthor”可譯為“這本書是一位著名作家寫的”。2.練習題英文段落：Thedevelopmentofmoderntechnologyhasbroughtaboutmanychangesinourlives.WecannowcommunicatewithpeopleallovertheworldeasilythroughtheInternet.Mobilephoneshavealsomadeourlivesmoreconvenient.However,thesetechnologicaladvancementsalsobringsomeproblems,suchasprivacyissuesandcyber-attacks.參考譯文：現代科技的發展給我們的生活帶來了許多變化。現在我們可以通過互聯網輕松地與世界各地的人交流。手機也使我們的生活更加便利。然而，這些科技進步也帶來了一些問題，比如隱私問題和網絡攻擊。寫作部分備考資料寫作題型寫作通常要求考生根據給定的題目或話題，寫一篇約400詞的議論文，需要觀點明確、論證充分、結構清晰。1.寫作結構-開頭：引入話題，提出自己的觀點。可以使用背景介紹、引用名言、提出問題等方式開頭。-中間：分段落進行論證，每個段落有一個明確的分論點，并提供相應的論據支持。論據可以是事例、數據、專家觀點等。-結尾：總結全文，再次強調自己的觀點，也可以提出一些建議或展望。2.寫作練習題目1.SomepeoplethinkthattheInternethasanegativeimpactonpeople'scommunicationskills.Doyouagreeordisagree?2.Shoulduniversitiesfocusmoreonpracticalskillstrainingortheoreticalknowledgeteaching?3.Isitnecessaryforstudentstotakepartinsocialactivitiesduringtheircollegeyears?以下是一篇關于“Isitnecessaryforstudentstotakepartinsocialactivitiesduringtheircollegeyears?”的范文：Inmodernsociety,theissueofwhetherstudentsshouldparticipateinsocialactivitiesduringtheircollegeyearshassparkedaheateddebate.Inmyopinion,itisdefinitelynecessaryforstudentstoengageinsocialactivities.Firstofall,participatinginsocialactivitiescanhelpstudentsdeveloptheircommunicationskills.Incollege,studentsmainlystudyinclassrooms,butsocialactivitiesprovidethemwithaplatformtocommunicatewithdifferentpeople.Forexample,joiningavolunteergroupallowsst