學必求其心得，業必貴于專精學必求其心得，業必貴于專精學必求其心得，業必貴于專精教學設計WarmingUpandReading整體設計教材分析Thisisthefirstteachingperiodofthisunit。Atthebeginningoftheclass，theteachercanleadinthetopicoftheunitbyhavingafreetalkwithstudentsaboutsomefamousscientistsandwhattheyhavediscovered。ThenturntoWarmingUp.Itisintendedtohavestudentsthinkaboutandthendiscussthesetwogroupsofquestions：1．Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Whatarethey?Canyoumatchthenameswiththeplanets?2．Whatinterestsyouinastronomy？Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?Pre-readingistoremindstudentsthattheoriginoflifeontheearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomersandeachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganontheearth。TheteachershouldaskstudentswhattheyknowabouttheseandthenletthempredictwhatkindofinformationwillbeintroducedinthenextpartReading。ThereadingpassagetitledHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHprovidesstudentsabriefintroductiononhowtheuniversedevelopedandhowlifebeganontheearth。Itprovidesascientificbackgroundtoanyinvestigationintospaceanditisfactual。Studentsareencouragedtopreviewthetextandfindouttheusefulnewwords,expressionsandstructuresthemselves.Theyshouldtrytoworkoutthemeaningsofthenewwordsthroughthecontext。Thenifnecessary，theycanlookthemupinthedictionaryorturntotheteacherforhelp.Alsoencouragethemtolookatthepicturesandreadthetitletoguesswhatthetextmightbeabout.Thenletthemskimforthegeneralidea，andscanforfurtherunderstanding。Inordernottoletthemfeelmuchdifficult，theteachershoulddealwithanylanguageproblemswhiletheyarereading。Afterreading，studentsarerequiredtodothefiveexercisesinComprehendingtoseehowmuchtheyhaveunderstoodthereadingpassage。Theteachercanfirstletthemworkinpairsoringroupstofindtheanswerscooperatively，andthenchecktheiranswerswiththewholeclass。Toconsolidatethecontentsofthereadingpassage,studentsshouldberequiredtoretellthepassage.Inordertoarousestudents'interest，theteachercanholdacompetition。教學重點1．Letstudentsreadthepassageandlearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.2．Getstudentstolearndifferentreadingskills，especiallythereadingabilityofunderstandingimpliedmeaningoftheauthor。教學難點1．Enablestudentstounderstandthepassageandknowaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth。2．Letstudentslearnhowtousedifferentreadingskillsfordifferentreadingpurposes.三維目標知識目標1．Getstudentstolearntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispart：astronomy，system,religion，theory，atom，billion，globe,violent，carbon，atmosphere，unlike，fundamental,harmful，acid，chain，multiply，oxygen,exist,thus，dioxide，puzzle，solarsystem，intime，layeggs,givebirthto,inone’sturn，carbondioxide，prevent…from2．Letstudentslearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.能力目標1．Developstudents’readingabilityandletthemlearndifferentreadingskills.2．Enablestudentstoknowaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth。情感目標1．Trainstudents’interestinscienceandstimulatetheirloveforastronomy.2．Developstudents’senseofcooperativelearning。教學過程Step1PresentationHaveafreetalkwithstudents.1．Letstudentsbrainstormthefollowingquestions:Whoareourancestors？Doyouknowwhatitwaslikebeforelifeappearedontheearth？Doyouknowhowlifebeganontheearth?Doyouwanttogetmoreinformation？2．Tellstudents：Todaywewilllearnsomethingabouthowlifebeganontheearth。TurntoPage25。Let'scometoWarmingUpfirst。Step2WarmingupLetstudentsthinkaboutthefollowingquestionsandthendiscussthemwiththeirpartners。1．Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun。Whatarethey？Canyoumatchthenameswiththeplanets？UranusVenusEarthMarsMercuryJupiterNeptuneSaturn2．Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?Step3Pre。reading1．Getstudentstodiscussthequestionswiththeirpartners。1）Theoriginoflifeonearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomers.Whatdoyouknowaboutit？2）Eachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganonearth。Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?2．Letthemtelltheirstories.Encouragethemtotelldifferentstories。Iftheydon'tknowany，tellthemsome,forexample，Panguseparatedtheskyfromtheearth，Panguturnedintoamyriadofthings，Nüwamademen,andsoon.3．Askthemtoreadthetitleandlookatthepictures。Predictwhatthereadingwillbeabout.Step4Reading1．FastreadingGetstudentstoreadthepassagequicklyandthenwritedownthemainideaforeachparagraphandthewholepassageinthefollowingchart。HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHParagraph1Paragraph2Paragraph3Paragraph4Paragraph5ThepassageLetstudentslookthroughthechartandthenreadthetextsilently.Threeminuteslater，checktheanswerswiththewholeclass。2．IntensivereadingAllowstudentstoreadthepassagecarefullythistimetogettheimportantdetails，andthenfinishthefollowing:1)Puttheorderofdevelopmentoflifeintoatimeline.(1）Insectsandamphibiansappeared。（2）Dinosaursappeared.（3）Theearthbecameasolidball。(4)Smallplantsgrewonthewater。（5）Reptilesappeared.(6）Plantsbegantogrowondryland.（7）Theearthwasacloudofdust。（8)Waterappearedontheearth.（9）Shellfishandotherfishappeared.(10）Theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”．（11）Cleveranimalswithhandsandfeetappeared.（12）Mammalsappeared.2）Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionaccordingtothetext.（1)Whatisimportantforthebeginningoflife？A．Thewaterontheearth.B．Theearth’satmosphere。C．Theformofforests。D．Dissolvingharmfulgases.（2）Whichofthefollowingappearedontheearthfirst?A．Insects。B．Reptiles。C．Amphibians.D．Shellfishandfish.（3）Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A．WaterstillexistsonMars。B．Theearth’satmosphereismadeupofoxygenandnitrogen.C．Theearthhaddissolvedtheharmfulatmosphereintotheoceansandseas.D．Plantsprovideoxygentotheearth.（4）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？A．Theappearanceanddevelopmentoflifeontheearth.B．Thebirthoftheearth.C．Whydinosaursdiedout。D．Thefactthathumanbeingscausedglobalwarming。Suggestedanswers:（1）A（2）D(3）D（4）A3．ReadinganddiscussionReadthetextathirdtimeandthenworkinpairstodiscussthefollowingquestions。1）Whywastheearthdifferentfromtheotherplanets？2）Whydidtheplantsgrowbeforetheanimalscame？3)Whyisitwrongtoshowfilmswithdinosaursandpeopletogether？4)Thereusedtobenineplanetsinthesolarsystem.Recentlyscientistshavedecidedthatoneofthemcannolongerbeconsideredaplanet。Doyouknowthenameofthatplanet？Doyouknowwhytheyremovedit?5)Whatproblemiscausedbyhumanbeings?（Letstudentshaveenoughtimetoreadthepassagecarefullyanddiscussthequestionswiththeirpartners.Encouragethemtoexpresstheirownideas。）4．ExplanationHelpstudentsanalyzesomedifficult，longandcomplexsentencesandguessthemeaningofsomenewwords。Encouragethemtotrytodealwiththelanguagepointsinthecontext.Discussthefollowingimportantsentencesandphrasesinthepassage。1）Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4。5and3。8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.2)Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.3)Theywereintimetoproducecarbon，nitrogen，watervapourandothergases，whichweretomaketheearth'satmosphere.4）Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved。Suggestedexplanations：1)Whatleadsanounclauseasthesubjectandwhenleadsanattributiveclause.2）Here“whethertheshapewouldlastornot"isanounclauseasthesubject。3）Here“whichweretomaketheearth'satmosphere"isanon。restrictiveattributiveclause.intime:①soonerorlater；eventually②intime（forsth。/todosth.）：notlateIwillseehimintime.Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.4）Inthissentence，therearetwoclausesledbywhether。Thefirstoneisanounclauseasthesubjectandthesecondastheobject.tocome：servesasattributiveSheisthelastpersontodosuchathing。dependon:somethingmightonlyhappenorbetrueifthecircumstancesarerightforitOursuccessdependsonwhethereveryoneworkshardornot。5．ReadingaloudandunderliningAskstudentstoreadthepassagealoudtothetapeandletthempayattentiontothepronunciationofeachnewwordandthepauseswithineachsentence。Tellthemtopickoutalltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsfromthepassagewhilereadingandcopythemtothenotebooksafterclassashomework.Collocations：ontheearth，accordingto，acloudofdust，so…that，whether…ornot，intime，watervapour,cooldown，onone’ssurface，allow…todo…，achainreaction,millionsof，onthesurfaceof，beableto，aswellas，bydoing….，layeggs,bedifferentfrom，givebirthto,spreadallovertheearth,inone’sturn，prevent…from,asaresultof，too…to…，dependonStep5DiscussionAfterreadingthepassage，letstudentsdiscussthefollowingquestions.1．Whydoyouthinkhumansarethecleverestanimalsontheearth?2．Doyoubelievethatthereislifeonotherplanets？Whyorwhynot？3．Doyouthinkitispossiblethatonedaypeoplewillmovetheirhousestootherplanets?Step6ConsolidationAskstudentstoretellthepassagewiththehelpofthefollowing.acloudofdust→asolidball→presenceofwater→smallplantsgrowonthewater→shellfishandotherfishappear→plantsbegintogrowondryland→insectsandamphibiansappear→retilesappear→dinosaursappear→mammalsappearStep7Homework1．Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart。2．Readthereadingpassageagainandtrytotalkabouthowlifebeganontheearthinyourownwords。活動與探究Supposeyouareanexpertwhostudiesastronomy。YouareinvitedtogiveaspeechtotheschoolstudentsaboutthedevelopmentoflifeonEarthDay(April22）．ReadthepassageHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHagainandgotothelibraryorsurftheInternettofindmoreinformationandbereadytopresentyourspeechtotheclass.Youmaybeginlikethis：Goodmorning/afternoon.Iamgreatlyhonouredtobeheretogiveyouaspeechaboutthedevelopmentoflife.…備課資料ChineselegendsabouthowlifebeganontheearthPanguseparatedtheskyfromtheearthTheskyandtheearthwereatfirstoneblurredentitylikeanegg。Panguwasbornintoit。Theseparationoftheskyandtheearthtookeighteenthousandyears—theyangwhichwaslightandpurerosetobecomethesky，andtheyinwhichwasheavyandmurkysanktoformtheearth。BetweenthemwasPangu，whowentthroughninechangeseveryday,hiswisdom,greaterthanthatoftheskyandhisabilitygreaterthanthatoftheearth.Everydaytheskyrosetenfeethigher,theearthbecametenfeetthicker，andPangugrewtenfeettaller。Anothereighteenthousandyearspassed,andtherewasanextremelyhighsky，anextremelythickearth，andanextremelytallPangu。ThencametheThreeEmperors(theEmperoroftheSky，theEmperoroftheEarth，theEmperorofMen）．Panguturnedin