PAGEPAGE1題型組合訓(xùn)練十六（A）閱讀理解閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2024遼寧大連一模)MoonshakerG.V.ChillingsworthSoftcover9781466906358Price:$14.50Pages:186trafford.comWhenspaceplanstoharmtheworld,scientistsdevelopasatellitetosaveit.However,noteveryonewishesforchange,andconflictsleadtoanewfight.Thecrewmustnowworktogetherinordertogetback.TheWarAroundUsWolfgangPeterMaySoftcover9781426921452Price:$25.99Pages:460traffordAsayoungchild,WolfgangPeterMayfledfromhishomeandsawthedestructionofDresden.HeeventuallyjoinedtheUSArmy.InTheWarAroundUs,Mayexploresanddebatesmanyfacesofwaranddeliversahard-hitting,first-personlookatthetruefaceofwar.TheOldManandtheSeaErnestHemingwayHardcover9780684830490Price:$14.99Pages:132goodreadsTheOldManandtheSeaisanovelwrittenbyErnestHemingwayin1951.ItwonhimtheNobelPrizeforLiteratureandtellsthestoryofSantiago,anagedCubanfishermanwhostruggleswithagiantfishfaroutintheGulfStreamoffthecoastofCuba.Althoughthebookisonlytwohours’worthofreading,thisdelightfultalewillremaininyourmemoryforyearstocome.LittleWomenLouisaMayAlcottSoftcover9780553212754Price:$29.99Pages:560goodreadsLittleWomenisanovelbyAmericanauthorLouisaMayAlcott,whichwasoriginallypublishedintwovolumesin1868and1869.Alcottwrotethebooksoverseveralmonthsattherequestofherpublisher.FollowingthelivesofthefourMarchsisters—Meg,Jo,BethandAmy—thenoveldetailstheirpassagefromchildhoodtowomanhoodandislooselybasedontheauthorandherthreesisters.Orderthesebooksonlineandyoucangeta20%discount.1.Ifyouareinterestedinsciencefiction,whichbookwillyouchoosetoread?A.Moonshaker. B.TheWarAroundUs.C.TheOldManandtheSea. D.LittleWomen.2.HowmuchdoesitcosttoorderTheWarAroundUsonline?A.$14.99. B.$25.99.C.$20.79. D.$23.79.3.WhosebooktellsastorysetinCuba?A.ErnestHemingway’s. B.WolfgangPeterMay’s.C.G.V.Chillingsworth’s. D.LouisaMayAlcott’s.答案[語篇解讀]本文為一則廣告,介紹了四本在售書籍。1.A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一本書的介紹可知,這是一本科幻小說。由此推斷對科幻小說感愛好的人會選擇這本書。2.C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。其次本書TheWarAroundUs的定價(jià)為25.99美元,但是文章最終提到假如網(wǎng)購的話會有20%的折扣,由此可知C項(xiàng)正確。3.A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三本書的介紹中anagedCubanfisherman和offthecoastofCuba可知書中的故事發(fā)生在古巴,故A項(xiàng)正確。B(2024廣東深圳一次調(diào)研)Thearmbonesofwomenwholived7,000yearsagoshowasurprisinglevelofstrength—evenhigherthantoday’sprofessionalathletes.That’saccordingtoafirst-everstudycomparingprehistoric(史前的)bonestothoseoflivingpeople.Thefindingsuggestsarevisionofhistory—theeverydaylivesofprehistoricwomenwerefilledwithhardlabor,ratherthanjustsittingathomedoinglightertaskswhilethemenstruggledandfoughtforlife.“Beforethestudy,therearenoclearrecordsdescribinghowourancientancestorslived.Itcanbeeasytoforgetthattheboneislivingtissue,onethatrespondstothedifficultiesweputourbodiesthrough,”saidtheleadauthorAlisonMacintosh.“Physicalforceandmuscleactivitybothputpressureonthebone.Thebonereactsbychanginginshape,thicknessandotheraspectsovertime.”“Previousstudiesonlycomparedfemalebonestocontemporarymalebones,”theresearcherssaid,“andthat’saproblem,becausetheresponseofmalebonestostressandchangeismuchbiggerthanthatofwomen.Forinstance,ashumansmovedfromahunter-gathererlifestyletoamoresettledagrarian(耕地的)one,changescouldbeobservedinthestructureoftheshinbone(脛骨)andthesechangesweremuchmoreevidentinmen.”However,acomparisonofthebonesofprehistoricwomenandthebonesoflivingfemaleathletescanhelpusworkoutamoreaccuratepictureofwhatthoseprehistoricwomenweredoing.“Byanalyzingthebonesoflivingpeopleandcomparingthemtotheancientbones,wecanstarttoexplainthekindsoflaborourancestorswereperforming,”Macintoshsaid.Whattheyfoundwasthatwomen’slegstrengthhasn’tchangedagreatdeal,buttheirarmsusedtobeverypowerful.Prehistoricwomen,theresearchersfound,hadarmstrength11%—16%strongerthanthoseofmodernrowers,and30%strongerthanthoseofnon-athletes.4.Whatdoesthestudytellaboutprehistoricwomen?A.Theywerestrongerthanmen.B.Theyhadlighterbonesthanmen.C.Theydidtoughtasksasthemen.D.Theyspentmosttimestayingathome.5.Whatproblemdidpreviousstudiesonprehistoricboneshave?A.Theylackedenoughcomparison.B.Theyonlystudiedmen’sbones.C.Theyfocusedlittleonbones.D.Theyignoredthelifestyles.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto?A.Bones’structure.B.Bones’thickness.C.Bones’responsetostress.D.Bones’stressfromhardlabor.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.It’sstillhardtoexplainourancestors’lifestyle.B.Prehistoricwomenwentthroughmuchsuffering.C.Women’sarmshavebecomemuchstrongerovertime.D.Prehistoricwomenarestrongerthancontemporaryfemales.答案[語篇解讀]本文為說明文。探討表明:7000年前女性的臂力比現(xiàn)在專業(yè)運(yùn)動員的都要強(qiáng)。4.C事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題。本題題干意為:關(guān)于史前女性,該探討講解并描述了什么?依據(jù)第一段中的Thefindingsuggestsarevisionofhistory—theeverydaylivesofprehistoricwomenwerefilledwithhardlabor,ratherthanjustsittingathomedoinglightertaskswhilethemenstruggledandfoughtforlife.可知,史前女性的日常生活充溢了重體力勞動,而不是當(dāng)男性為生活拼搏時(shí),她們只是坐在家里做一些輕松的工作。故答案為C項(xiàng)。5.A推理推斷題。本題題干意為:以前對史前骨骼的探討有什么問題?依據(jù)第三段第一句“Previousstudiesonlycomparedfemalebonestocontemporarymalebones,”theresearcherssaid,“andthat’saproblem,becausetheresponseofmalebonestostressandchangeismuchbiggerthanthatofwomen...”(探討者們說:“以前的探討只將女性的骨骼與同時(shí)代男性骨骼進(jìn)行比較,那是有問題的,因?yàn)槟行怨趋缹毫案淖兊姆磻?yīng)要比女性的更明顯……”)可推知,以前的探討缺乏充分的對比,故答案為A項(xiàng)。6.C揣測詞義題。本題題干意為:第三段中畫線詞“that”指的是什么?that代替前面的theresponse以避開重復(fù),故答案為C項(xiàng)。7.D事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題。本題題干意為:從最終一段中我們可以了解什么?依據(jù)最終一段中最終一句Prehistoricwomen,theresearchersfound,hadarmstrength11%—16%strongerthanthoseofmodernrowers,and30%strongerthanthoseofnon-athletes.(探討人員發(fā)覺:史前女性的臂力比現(xiàn)在那些劃船者的要強(qiáng)壯11%—16%,比那些非運(yùn)動員的要強(qiáng)壯30%。)可知,史前女性要比當(dāng)今女性更強(qiáng)壯,故答案為D項(xiàng)。C(2024湖南張家界三模)Sometimesweexperiencepainthatseemsjusttoobigtofeel,toofrighteningtoface—itlookslikeatsunami.So,werun.MytsunamicamewhenIwasnineyearsold.Iwaswokenupbymymother’sscreams—“Bob?Bob?Bob!”Irantomyparents’bedroom.Myfatherwasonallfours,unconscious.Mymotherwascrazy—desperatelytryingtofigureouthowtostopwhatwashappening.Irantothephone—911,theneighbors,anyone—“Helpus!”Soonrescuecame,butmyfatherdidn’tcomebacktolife.Whenmyfriendscametocomfortme,Iremembered“pullingmyselftogether”asIwalkedtowardthem,determiningtoshowthemthatIwasfine.ThemoreIdeniedmypain,themoreIwaspraisedbytheadultsaroundme—“Oh,lookhowstrongheis!”So,Ikeptsaying“I’mfine”overandover.Isaiditenough—performeditenough—thatIevenfooledmyself.IbelievedthatIwasokay.Butpaindoesn’tjust“goaway”—thatwhole“timeheals”thingisatotalcrock.30yearsaftermyfatherdied,whenIlookedaroundforanexplanationforalltheyearsofdestructivebehavior,Icouldn’tfindtherootofthepaininmylifebecauseIhadcovereditupsowell.Allthe“I’mfine”—30yearsofthem—buriedthepainofthatnine-year-oldboy.Mypainhadbeentryingtocomeout,tobeheard,tobehealed.And,finally,itwas.Afteryearsoftreatment,Ifoundmywaybacktothatnightwherethepainstarted,backtothetsunami.Thistime,Ididn’trun.Ithurt—itstillhurts—butnow,whenithurts,Iletthepaincome.I’mnotscaredtosay,“I’mnotfine”—becauseIknow,eventually,Iwillbe.8.Whatdidtheauthordowhenhisfatherwasindanger?A.Heranouttolookforrescue.B.Hekeptcalmandaskedforhelp.C.Heofferedfirstaidtohimatonce.D.Hewastooafraidtodoanything.9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“crock”inParagraph5?A.Fact. B.Theory.C.Experiment. D.Lie.10.Whywastheauthorpraised?A.Hebehavedpolitely.B.Heseemedtobeconfident.C.Hecouldlookafterhimself.D.Hecouldhandletheblowproperly.11.Whatlessoncanwegetfromtheauthor’sexperience?A.Hidingourpaincanbeharmful.B.Expressingpainisnotveryeasy.C.Beingstrongmeanshidingone’spain.D.Childrenaregoodatcoveringuptheirpain.答案[語篇解讀]本文為記敘文。作者的父親去世后,他把苦痛壓在心底,但多年后這種隱藏的苦痛給自己帶來了負(fù)面影響。最終他的苦痛得到了宣泄。8.B事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題。本題題干意為:當(dāng)作者的父親身處危急時(shí),作者做了什么?依據(jù)其次段中的Irantothephone—911,theneighbors,anyone—“Helpus!”可知:作者保持冷靜并向別人尋求幫助。故答案為B項(xiàng)。A:他跑出去尋求救援;C:他馬上對他實(shí)施急救;D:他嚇得什么都做不了。9.D揣測詞義題。本題題干意為:第五段中的畫線詞“crock”最適合用下列哪個(gè)詞替換?依據(jù)上下文可知:作者內(nèi)心的苦痛并沒有隨著時(shí)間的消逝被治愈,由此可知畫線詞所在句子的意思是:……,“時(shí)間可以治愈一切”這種說法是徹頭徹尾的謊言。故答案為D項(xiàng)(謊言)。10.D推理推斷題。本題題干意為:作者為什么得到表揚(yáng)?依據(jù)第四段首句(我越不承認(rèn)我的苦痛,我四周的成年人越表揚(yáng)我……)可知:作者之所以受到表揚(yáng)是因?yàn)樗芎芎玫靥幚碜约核庥龅拇驌?故答案為D項(xiàng)。A:他舉止禮貌;B:他好像很有信念;C:他能照看自己。11.A推理推斷題。本題題干意為:從作者的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中我們可以吸取什么教訓(xùn)?文章介紹了作者在父親去世的打擊下,掩飾自己的苦痛,假裝堅(jiān)毅,后來意識到自己隱藏在心底的苦痛是造成生活中許多不幸的根源,換句話說,壓抑自己的苦痛是有害的。故答案為A項(xiàng)(隱藏我們的苦痛是有害的)。B:表達(dá)苦痛不是很簡單;C:堅(jiān)毅意味著隱藏自己的苦痛;D:孩子們擅長隱藏苦痛。D(2024四川樂山高三二調(diào))Lackofinexpensive,reliableenergydeliveryisoneofthechiefbarrierstogrowthanddevelopmentinsub-SaharanAfrica.Nearlyseventypercentofpeoplelivingintheregionlackaccesstoelectricity,forcingthemtospendsignificantamountsoftheirincomeoncostlyandunhealthyformsofenergysuchasdiesel(柴油)fueltorungeneratorsandkerosene(煤油)forlanterns.ButifthereisonethingAfricaisnotlacking,itissunshine.Andthatmeansalot;indeed,forsomeoftheworld’spoorestpeople,itmakesallthedifferenceintheworld.Alittlemorethanayearago,PowerAfrica—aU.S.Governmentinitiative(倡議)coordinatedbytheU.S.AgencyforInternationalDevelopment,orUSAID—andPowerAfrica’spartners,theUnitedKingdomDepartmentforInternationalDevelopment,ShellFoundation,andtheAfricanDevelopmentBank,startedtheScalingOff-GridEnergyGrandChallengeforDevelopment,withafocusonpay-as-you-gosolarhomesystems.TheChallenge’sgoalistoprovide20millionoff-grid(離網(wǎng))householdsinsub-SaharanAfricawithclean,affordableelectricityby2030.Sofar,theChallengehasmade40-plusinvestmentsinearly-stage,off-gridenergycompanies,whichareexpectedtoresultinsome4.8millionnewelectricalconnections.Onereasonforthesuccessofthestart-upcompaniesthathavewongrants(資助)fromtheChallengeisthefactthatthecostofsolartechnologyisfallingfast,soitiswithinthemeansofthosewholiveawayfromtraditionalpowergrids.Andthankstothenewsystemofmobilemoneyandpay-as-you-gofinancing,theycanpurchasethesolarpower-generatingequipmenttheyneedandpayforitindailyinstallments(分期付款)fromtheirtelephones,foraslittleas15centsaday.Thankstothetechnologicalandfinancialinnovation(創(chuàng)新),manypeoplearegettingelectricityforthefirsttimeeveryday.Inthesenewly-electrifiedcommunities,businessescanboom,clinicscansafelystorevaccines,andstudentsmaystudylongafterdark.Indeed,accesstocleanandreliableelectricitycanenableentirecommunitiestoescapethecycleofextremepoverty.12.Whatisthemainproblempeopleinsub-SaharanAfricaarefacedwith,accordingtoParagraph1?A.Theyarelackofelectricity.B.Theyarelackofdieselfuelandkerosene.C.Theyarelackofmoney.D.Theyarelackofsunshine.13.What’stheaimofPowerAfrica?A.Tomakepeoplericher.B.Tomakepeoplehealthier.C.Toprovidepeoplewithcleanfoodandwater.D.Toprovidepeoplewithinexpensiveelectricity.14.WhichisNOTthereasonforthesuccessofthestart-upcompanies?A.Thecostofsolartechnologyisdropping.B.Theyliveawayfrom