專業(yè)英語四級（閱讀）模擬試卷7（共9

套）

（共170題）

專業(yè)英語四級（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套

一、常規(guī)閱讀理解（含5小題）（本題共20題，每題

1.0分，共20分。）

Whilethe1970spoppsychotherapymovementfocusedontheimportanceofletting

angerout,morerecentresearchsuggeststhatthere'sasmarter,healthierwaytoreactto

life'sslingsandarrows;withforgiveness.Inarecentstudy,itwasfoundthatwhen

individualswereabouttoforgive,theyexperiencedgreaterjoy,amoreprofoundsenseof

controloverlifeandlessdepression.Soundappealing.a）Whyholdingagrudgecanbe

harmful?Yourboyfriendblowsyouoffforanimportantdate.Ifyoustayangryathim,

you'llprobablygetfreshflowersonyourdoorstepandmaybeafancymealortwo.But

grudge-holdingonlygivesustheillusionofpower.Ifyouholdontothatangerona

chronicbasis,thenithaspoweroveryou,eatingawayatyourpeaceofmindandpertiaps

evenyourimmunesystem.AstudybyKathleenLawler,Ph.D.,apsychologyprofessor

attheUniversityofTennessee,confirmsthatpeoplewhoareunabletoforgivereport

morestressintheirlives,moreillnessandmorevisitstothedoctorthandoforgiving

folk.b）GoingfromagrudgetoforgivenessAfewwaystodevelopyourcapacitytoturn

theothercheek—Trywritingadaily"forgiveness"reminderinyourjournal;itmay

soundcorny,butit'sagreatwaytohelpgaincontroloveryouremotionallife.一Writea

lettertoyouroffender,detailingexactlywhafsbotheringyou.Thentossit.You'llfeel

better,evenifyourmessageneverreachesitsintendedtarget.一What,exactly,makes

yourbloodboil?Forgivenessisn'taboutswallowingangerorbeingadoormatIt'snot

aboutforgetting,either.Onthecontrary,it'saboutacknowledginganoffencewithyour

eyeswideopen—andthenreleasingtheanger.Thatmeansconjuringunempathytoward

thepersonwhohurtyou,thenfocusingonthegoodpartsofyourlife.c）Anactofcourage

Stillnotconvincedthatit'sworthittoputyourenergiestowardforgiving?Besidesthe

benefitstoyourpsycheandphysicalhealth,trueforgivenessisasignofstrengthand

soulfulness."Ittakesalotofmoralmuscletoforgive,nsaysDr.WitvleitofHopeCollege

inMichigan.Thebottomline:Forgivingultimatelybenefitstheforgivermorethanthe

personwhohasdonewrong.Sostartputtingyourownwell-beingfirst,andlivelifewith

asmuchinterestandloveasyoucan.

1、Forgivenesshasthefollowingadvantagesexceptthat

A^itenablespeopletobesmarter.

B、itmakespeoplemorecheerful.

C、ithelpspeopletobehealthier.

D、itrelievespeople'sfrustration.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：第1段首句提到的smaner是說原諒是比發(fā)泄生氣更明智的做法，而

不是說原諒可以讓人smarter（更聰明）。因此，A并非原諒別人的好處，本題選A。

由首段末句中的joy和lessdepression可知B、D不符合題意；C項在文章首段第1

句和其他段落均有體現(xiàn)，故亦排除。

2、Accordingtothepassage,ifyoukeepfeelingangryfbralongtime,

A、theonewhohasdonewrongwillkeepsendingyoupresents.

B、theonewhohasdonewrongwillultimatelyapologizetoyou.

C^youwillhavepowerovertheonewhohasdonewrongtoyou.

D、youwillgraduallylosecontroloveryourmindandyourhealth.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：題干的關(guān)鍵詞foralongtime是原文第3段第4句中onachronicbasis

的同義替換，由文中的eatingaway...ofmind和…immunesystem可知D符合題

意。

3、Theauthorthinkswhenoneforgives,

A、heendurestheoffencewithoutcomplaints.

B、hetrieshisbesttoforgetthebadexperience.

C>hedoesnotclingtothepastbutwelcomesthebrightsideoflife.

D、hedoesnotcarryoutrevengebutremindshimselfoftheoffence.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：C中的norclingtothepastbutwelcome...是第5段最后兩句中

releasingtheanger和focusingonthegoodpartsofyourlife的另一種說法.因此為正

確答案。

4、Dr.Witvleitthinks

A、toforgivebenefitsone'sphysicalhealth.

B、toforgivebenefitsone'smentalhealth.

C>toforgivecostsone'stimeandenergy.

D、toforgiveshowsone'sspiritualvirtue.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：最后一段第3句是對第2句的進(jìn)一步引用說明，因此，Witvleit博士

所說的moralmuscle應(yīng)與上一句中的soulfulness呼應(yīng)，都是指人類的高尚情操。D

中的spiritualvirtue與文中的moralmuscle或soulfulness近義，因此選D。

5、Theauthormostprobablywantsto

A、informthereader.

B、instructthereader.

C^comparetwowaysoftreatinganger.

D、fbcusontheadvantageofforgiving.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：從文章的小標(biāo)題a）、b）和末段首句和末句可以看出，作者列舉生氣的

缺點(diǎn)和原諒的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，都是為了最終引導(dǎo)讀者對別人的傷害采取寬容的態(tài)度，因此，

本文的目的不是告訴讀者信息，而是教導(dǎo)讀者對待傷害應(yīng)采取什么態(tài)度。由此可

見，B為本題答案。

ArchaeologistsusingDNAtestingsaidtheyhaveidentifiedamummydiscoveredmore

thanacenturyagoasQueenHatshepsut,Egypt'smostpowerfulfemalepharaoh.The

discoveryhasnotbeenindependentlyreviewedbyotherexperts.Themummywas

discoveredin1903intheValleyoftheKings,butitwasleftinplaceuntiltwomonths

ago.ArchaeologiststhentookthemummytotheCairoMuseumfortesting,saidEgypt's

antiquitieschiefZahiHawass.Hawasshasbeensearchingforthequeenforaboutayear,

settingupaDNAlabinthebasementoftheCairoMuseum.Thestudywasfundedby

TheDiscoveryChannel,whichissettoairanexclusivedocumentaryonthefindinJuly.

Hawasssaidthekeycluewasamolar.Itwasfoundinajarbearingthequeen'semblem

andcontainingsomeofhcrwell-preservedorgans.Thetoothfitagapinthemummy's

jaw.Hawass*teamisstillconductingDNAtestingthattheyhopecouldhelpconfirmthe

find."Weare100percentcertain*'thatthemummyisthatofHatshepsut,Hawasstold

TheAssociatedPress.HatshepsutruledEgyptinthe15thcenturyB.C.andwasknown

fordressinglikeamanandwearingafalsebeard.Whenherreignended,alltracesofher

disappeared.Her22-yearruleendedin1453B.C.andwasthelongestamongancient

Egyptianqueens.ThemummyidentifiedasHatshepsutdiedinhcr50s,Hawasssaid.He

saidshewasobeseandprobablyhaddiabetesandlivercancer.Whenthemummywas

discovered,thelefthandwaspositionedagainstherchest,whichisatraditionalsignof

royaltyinancientEgypt.ButotherEgyptologistsarenotascertainthatthemummyis

Hatshepsut.MolecularbiologistScottWoodward,directoroftheSorensonMolecular

GenealogyFoundationinSaltLakeCity,wascautiousabouttheannouncement."It'sa

verydifficultprocesstoobtainDNAfromamummy,"Woodwardsaid"Tomakeaclaim

astoarelationship,youneedotherindividualsfromwhichyouhaveobtainedDNA,to

makeacomparisonbetweentheDNAsequences."SuchDNAmaterialwouldtypically

comefromparentsorgrandparents.Withfemalemummies,themostcommontypeof

DNAtolookforisthemitochondrialDNAthatrevealsmaternallineage,Woodward

said.MoleculargeneticistYehiaZakariaGad,whoispartofHawass'team,saidDNA

samplesweretakenfromthemummy'spelvisandfemur,sothatmoregenetictestscan

berunthatcomparethemummytothequeen'sgrandmother,AmosNefreteri,whowas

previouslyidentified.Gadsaidpreliminaryresultsare"veryencouraging."Molecular

biologistPaulEvansoftheBrighamYoungUniversityinProvo,Utah,saidthediscovery

wouldberemarkableifthemummyisindeedHatshepsut."Hatshepsutisanindividual

whohasauniqueplaceinEgypfshistory.Tohaveheridentifiedisonthesame

magnitudeasKingTufsdiscovery,"Evanssaid.Hatshepsutisbelievedtohavestolenihe

thronefromheryoungstepson,ThutmoseHLHatshepsut'sfunerarytempleislocatedin

ancientThebesonthewestbankoftheNileinLuxor,amulti-columnsandstonetemple

builttoserveastributetoherpower.Butafterherdeath,hernamewaserasedfromthe

recordsinwhatisbelievedtohavebeenherstepson'srevenge.Shewasoneofthemost

prolificbuilderpharaohsofancientEgypt,commissioninghundredsofprojects

throughoutbothUpperandLowerEgypt.Almosteverymajormuseumintheworld

todayhasacollectionofHatshepsutstatues.

6、WhatdidHawassrevealabouthisteam'sresearchofthemummy?

A、Theybegantobeinterestedinthemummyaboutayearago.

TheyhaveconfirmedmemummyasHatshepsut.

C、Theyunearthedthemummyonlytwomonthago.

D、TheykeepthemummyinthebasemenoftheCairoMuseum.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章開頭表明Hawass的團(tuán)隊對外公布他們確認(rèn)了木乃伊的身份，而

將B和題目中的reveal結(jié)合起來也表達(dá)了同樣的意思，因此本題應(yīng)選B。

7、TheDiscoveryChannelismostprobablygoingtopublicizethefindingofHawass'

team

A、onaTVprogram.

B、inamagazinearticle.

C、atahistoricalseminar.

D、asaresearchreport.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：第4段第2句中的air和documentary都表明探索頻道會將研究成果

制作成電視紀(jì)錄片播出，可見本題應(yīng)選A。DiscoveryChannel源自于美國，是世界

上發(fā)展最迅速的有線電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)之一，此題可根據(jù)常識作答。

8、Themolarfoundinajarisactually

A、thesymboloftheroyalfamily.

BNoneoftheinternalorgans.

C、oneofthemummy'steeth.

D、thecoffininwhichthemummylay.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c'.

知識點(diǎn)解析：本題解題的關(guān)鍵是要注意第5段第1-3句中冠詞和代詞的運(yùn)用，第5

段第1句中，冠詞a表明molar首次提到，第2句開頭的k和第3句開頭的冠詞

the表明it和thetooth指的就是molar,由此可見，本題應(yīng)選C。

9、OtherEgyptologistswouldmostlikelytoagreethat

A、themummywasamemberofroyalfamily.

B、Hatshepsutpossiblydiedoffataldiseases.

C>DNAtestingisunreliable.

D、Hatshepsufsrelationsarenowheretofind.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：第8段最后一句中木乃伊的左手放在胸前，這表示死者生前是皇室成

員，因此，無論最終是否能證明這具木乃伊是否Hatshepsut,現(xiàn)在起碼能知道她為

皇室成員，因此A正確。第8段第2句提到那具木乃伊很可能患有糖尿病和肝

癌，這與B中的faialdiseases同義，但其他的埃及學(xué)家并不能確定這具木乃伊是不

是Halshepsul,所以，即使那具木乃伊真的死于重病，也不等于Hapshepsul死于重

病，排除B；第9段的notcertain和第10段的cautious都表明埃及學(xué)家對于Hawass

的研究結(jié)果抱懷疑的態(tài)度，但這并不等于DNA測試完全不可靠，C說得太絕對；

D與倒數(shù)第7段的內(nèi)容相反。

10、ItisbelievedthatalltracesotHatshepsutdisappearedafterherreignbecause

A、shewastheonlyfemalepharaohinhistory.

shewasfamousfbrhermercilessrule.

C>ofthesecretlocationofherburialtemple.

D、ofherstepson'sretaliationagainsther.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：原文在第7段第2句就提到了Hatshepsut在統(tǒng)治結(jié)束后就銷聲匿跡

了，但一直到倒數(shù)第2段才說到她消失的原因，從該段中的hernamewaserased可

以知道她的銷聲匿跡是源于她的繼子的報復(fù)行為，由此可見，本題應(yīng)選D。

11、HearingaboutHawass'identificationthemummyasHatshepsut,PaulEvansis

A、encouraged.

cautious.

C、arbitrary.

D、proud.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：倒數(shù)第6段中的條件從句if...表明PaulEvans還不能完全認(rèn)可那

具木乃伊就是Hatshepsul,但他也沒有對此表示否定，可見他的態(tài)度比較謹(jǐn)慎，所

以本題應(yīng)選B.,從原文可以看出PaulEvans對Hawass的研究沒有作iF面的表態(tài)，

他既沒有表示質(zhì)疑，也沒有表示贊同，因此其他三個選項都不能形容PaulEvans的

態(tài)度。

Ablindbabyisdoublyhandicapped.Notonlyisitunabletosee,butbecauseitcannot

receivethevisualstimulusfromitsenvironmentthatasightedchilddoes,itislikelytobe

slowinintellectualdevelopment.Nowtheten-montholdsonofDr.andMrs.Dennis

Daughtersisthesubjectcfanunusualpsychologicalexperimentdesignedtopreventa

laginthelearningprocess.Withtheaidofasonar-typeelectronicthathewearsonhis

head,infantDennisislearningtoidentifythepeopleandobjectsintheworldaroundhim

bymeansofechoes.Thedeviceisarefinementofthe"Sonicguide",aninstrument

producedbyTelesensorySystems,Inc.,ofPaloAko,Calif.,andusedbyblindadultsin

additiontoasaneorguidedog.AsadaptedforDennis,itconsistsofabattery-powered

systemaboutthesizeofahalfdollarthatisonaheadgear.Atransmitteremitsan

ultrasonicpulsethatcreatesan80degreeconeofsoundat6feet.Echoesfromobjects

withintheconeareperceivedassoundsthatvaryinpitchandvolumewiththesizeand

distanceoftheobject.Thecloseranobjectis,thelowerthepitch,andthelargerthe

object,thelouderthesignal.Hardsurfacesproduceasharpping,whilesoftonessend

backsignalswithaslighLyfuzzyquality.AnobjectslightlytotherightofDenny'ssends

backaloudersoundtohisrightearthantotheleft.Thus,bysimplymovinghishead

rightandleftandupanddown,hecannotonlylocateanobjectbutalsogetsomenotion

ofitsshapeandsize,thankstothevaryingqualitiesofsoundsreachinghisearsasthe

coneofultrasoundpassesitsedges.Dennislikestousethedevicetoplayakindofpeek-

a-boowithhismother.Standingonherkneeandfacingherdirectly,hereceivesastrong

signalinbothears.Byturninghisheadaway,hemakesherseemtodisappear."Fromthe

firsttimeheworeit,"saysMrs.Daughters,"itwaslikealightgoingoninhishead."

WhatremainstobedeterminedishowwellthedevicewillhelpDenniscopewithhis

surroundingsashebeginstowalkandventurefurtherintohisenvironment.Meanwhile,

Telesensory,Inc.isworkingonthedevelopmentofsonardevicewithsomewhatthesame

sensitivityasDennis'sforusebyschool-agechildren.

12、Dr.andMrs.Daughters'researchisdirectedto

A、helpingtheblindtoseeandlearnaswellasothers.

B、facilitatingthelearningprocessofblindchildren.

C、solvingblindchildren'spsychologicalproblems.

D^findingouthowchildrendevelopintellectually.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：R

知識點(diǎn)解析：首段第3句末的不定式topreventalaginthelearningprocess表明了

Daughters夫婦研究的目的，另外，文章一開頭就提到了本文討論的重點(diǎn)是針對

blindbaby的，由此可見，B為本題答案。

13、InfantDennisbecomesthesubjectoftheexperimentmostprobablybecause

A^healreadylagsbehindthesightedchildren.

B、heleadsalifeasnormalasanyotherchildren.

C^heisattheearlystageofthelearningprocess.

D^hehastheaidofasonar-typeelectronicdevice.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：首段首句提到的ablindbaby,第3句提到的len—monthold和末句提

到的infant等詞都表明Dennis成為研究對象是因為Daughters夫婦研究的是盲童從

小的學(xué)習(xí)過程，Dennis年齡很小，正處于學(xué)習(xí)的最初階段，符合Daughters夫婦做

研究的條件，因此可推斷本題應(yīng)選C。

14、WhatcanwelearnaboutinfantDennis,device?

Itsprototypewasdesignedforblindadults.

B、Itsbatteryisassmallasahalf-dollarcoin.

C、Itisfunctionallysimilartoasaneandguidedog.

D、IthasbeenimprovedbyTclcscnsorySystems,Inc.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：第2段首句中的refinement表明Dennis用的聲納定位儀是改良自

Sonicguidc,也就是說Sonicguidc是Dennis的聲納定位儀的原型，而根據(jù)該句對■其

功能的描述可以確定A為本題答案。第2段第2句表明thesizeofahalfdollar是包

含電池在內(nèi)的整個聲納定位儀的尺寸，而非電池的尺寸，因此B不正確；第2段

首句句末的inadditionto…表明Sonicguide與導(dǎo)盲犬的關(guān)系，但是作者并沒有在任

何方面對比Dennis的聲納定位儀與導(dǎo)盲犬，C沒有原文依據(jù)；末段末句中的is

workingon表明對Dennis的聲納定位儀的改良還在進(jìn)行當(dāng)中，因此D不正確。

15>Inthe7thlineofthethirdparagraph,"itsedge"refersto

A、theedgeofanobject.

B、theedgeofthedevice.

C、theboundaryofDcnms,movement.

D、theboundaryofthesoundpitch.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A'

知識點(diǎn)解析：第3段第4句中的thanks2表明此處解釋了Dennis的聲納定位儀的

運(yùn)作機(jī)制，即通過聲波帶繪物體的形狀，該句中ihecone指的就是該定位儀，而

itsedge應(yīng)指周圍物體的邊緣，當(dāng)聲波碰到物體的邊緣時，就能通過聲音描繪出物

體的形狀了，因此本題答案應(yīng)為A。

16、WhatisTelesensorySystems,Inc.mostlikelytothinkaboutinfantDennis'device?

A、Ithadbetterbeusedbyblindchildrenfromschoolage.

B、Itneedsimprovingforuseinacomplicatedenvironment.

C、Itmaynotbesosuitablefortheblindadults.

D、Itbenefitsblindchildrenintermsoflearning.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：從末段末句中的school-agechildren及句中的其他內(nèi)容可以推斷

Telesensory最可能認(rèn)為Dennis的聲納定位儀有利于兒童的學(xué)習(xí)過程，因此D為木

題答案。

Northernlightsisthenameofalightphenomenonoftenseeninthenorthernregions.The

lightshavebeenaroundsinceEarthformedanatmosphere—thedinosaurssawit,early

humanssawitandourdescendantswillseeit.Thescientificnameforthephenomenonis

"AuroraBorealis",auroraforshort.Anauroraisasporadic,generallyfaint,atmospheric

phenomenonusuallyseeninthenightskyfromlocationsathighlatitudes.More

commonlyknownasthe"northernlights,"itmayfirstappearasafaint,milkyglowlow

inthenorth,toodimforthehumaneyetodetectanycolorbutbrightenoughtosilhouette

cloudsnearthehorizon.Itmaydevelopintosteadygreenisharcsorformglaring,

swirlingcurtainsofyellow-greenlight.Duringthemostdramaticdisplaysvisiblefrom

regionsatmiddlelatitudes,suchascentralEuropeandtheUnitedStates,acrimsonglow

fillsmuchofthesky.ItwasthisformthatinspiredEuropeanscientistsofthe1600sto

callthephenoineiioiiauroraborealis,literally"northerndawn,"butilalsooccursalhigh

southernlatitudes,whereitisformallycalledauroraaustralis,"southerndawn."Thesame

processesareatworkinbothhemispheres—notjustonEarth,butonotherplanetsas

well—andtoday,scientistssimplyrefertothisphenomenonasanaurora.Theghostly

formsofanauroraincludequiescentpatches,veils,andarcs,andrapidlymovingrays

andcurtains.Manyhistoricalaccountsofthenorthernlightsfromareasfarsouthofits

usuallocationexist.AnearlyChineserecorddescribesitasa"redcloudspreadingall

overthesky."TheRomanphilosopherScnccawrotethatanaurorainA.D.37trickedthe

emperorintosendingtroopstoaidwhathethoughtwastheburningseaportofOstia,

"whentheglowingoftheskylastedthroughagreatpartofthenight,shiningdimlylikea

vastandsmokingfire."In1583,similar"firesintheair"mobilizedthousandsofFrench

pilgrims,whoprayedtoavertthewrathofGod.OnSeptember15,1839,anintense

auroradispatchedfirefightersthroughoutLondon.Whatcausestheshowersofcharged

particlesthatcreatethenorthernlights?Ultimately,thesourceliesinthesolarwind,a

fast-movingstreamofparticlesconstantlyflowingfromtheSunthatcarriestheSun's

magneticfieldoutintospace.Thesolarwind,typicallymovingat250miles(400

kilometers)persecond,flowspastEarth'smagneticfieldandmoldsitintoanelongated

bubbleorcavity,compressingitssunwardsideandstretchingitsnightsidefarbeyond

theMoon'sorbit.Undercertainconditions,thesolarwind'smagneticfieldcanmerge

withEarth's,creatingelectricalcuiTentsthatdriveprotonsandelectronsintothepolar

atmosphere.PowerfuleventsoccurringontheSuncandriveenormouschangesinthe

solarwind,increasingbothitsspeedanddensityandenhancingitseffectonEarth.

17、Accordingtothepassage,anauroracanbeanatmosphericphenomenonEXCEPT

thatisseen

A、inthenightskyathighsouthernlatitudes.

B、inthenightskyathighnorthernlatitudes.

C^ontopofhighmountainsontheEarth.

D^atthesouthernregionsofotherplants.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識點(diǎn)。析：第2段介紹了極光的顏色和可看到極光的地方，瀏覽該段之后就可以

發(fā)現(xiàn)C中的highmountains在原文并無提及，因此C為答案。

18、Aurorasthatcanbeseenatmiddlelatituderegions

A^areformedathighlatituderegions.

B、usedtobeknownas"northerndawn".

C、appearmainlyintheshapeofarcsorcuitains.

D^areformedatcentralEuropeortheUnitedStates.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題干中的middlelalilude定位到第2段第4句。原文該句暗示極

光仍然是在高緯度的地方形成，但當(dāng)顏色很濃光度很強(qiáng)烈的時候，極光能照亮半邊

天空，以至于在中緯度的地方也能看到極光，由此可見，本題應(yīng)選A。

19、IlhasbeenrecordedthatonceinFrance,thenorthernlightswerebelievedtobe

A、afiresetbytheenemytroops.

punishmenttohumansbyGod.

C^crimeswhichwouldenrageGod.

D^anindicationofthedoomsday.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：第3段倒數(shù)第2句中的IhewrathofGod常表示“上帝的怒火"，wrath

通常暗示上帝因為憤怒而要懲罰世人，由此可見，本題應(yīng)選B。本題最具干擾性的

是D,doomsday是“世界末日”的意思，從原文的wraih可以知道上帝將要懲罰世

人，但以什么方式懲罰卻是不明確的，D說得過于絕對了。

20Whichofthefollowingelementshasnothingtodowiththeformationoftheaurora?

A、Thesolarwind.

B、TheEarth'satmosphere.

C、TheEarth'smagneticfield.

D、TheMoon'sorbit.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：最后一段第3句提到theMoolsorbit是為了說明太陽風(fēng)影響地球磁

場的程度和范圍，可見月亮的運(yùn)行軌道與極光的形成沒有直接的關(guān)系，因此本題應(yīng)

選D。A和C都在最后一段提及，該段表明這兩項是形成極光的要素，從最后一

段我們難以確定是否B（大氣）也對極光的形成產(chǎn)生影響，但從第1段第2句可以知

道大氣的存在是極光形成的要素之一。

專業(yè)英語四級（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套

一、選擇題（本題共70題，每題1.0分，共10分。）

AyearhaspassedsinceChile's33trappedminerswerehauledtofreedomintheAtacama

Desert.Byandlarge,it'sbeenarelativelysafeyearinthecountry'smines.Thenumberof

deathsfromminingaccidentshasfallensharply,from27inthefirsthalfof2010to12in

thesameperiodthisyear.Althoughitistooearlytotellhowmuchofthatimprovement

willstick,thedayswhenminingclaimedhundredsofChileanliveseachyearare

thankfullygone.ThegovernmenthasincreasedthenumberofinspectorsatChile'smines

from18atthetimeoflastyear'saccidentto45now.Thoseofficialshavecarriedout

morethan3,800inspectionsinChile's8,000minessofarthisyear.InJulythe

governmentsentadraftbilltoParliamenttooverhaulminesafetyregulation,describing

itasthemostimportantlegislationintheareain30years.Despitethisgoodwork,

however,thereisoneglaringanomalythatneedstobeaddressed;Chilehasyetto

ratify（正式批準(zhǔn)）theInternationalLabourOrganisations（ILO）Convention176onmining

safety.Theconventionhasbeenaroundfor13years,andhasbeenadoptedby25

countriesfromAlbaniatoZimbabwe.Itestablishesworkers'rightstorefuseworkthey

considerunsafe,toleaveaminetheyconsiderdangerousandtoelecttheirownhealth

andsafetyrepresentatives.Inthedaysafterlastyear'sremarkablerescueSebastidn

Pihera,thePresident,promisedtoratifytheconvention.Buttodayhisgovernmentstill

seemshesitanttodoso.IthasaskedtheILOformoreinformationonhowthemeasures

wouldaffecttheminingindustry,whichaccountsforaroundafifthofthecountry'sGDP.

Eventhoughall33peopletrappedintheSanJoseminewererescued,lastyearwasstill

thedeadliestinChile'sminesforoveradecade:45minerswerekilledatwork.It'sno

coincidencethatitwasalsotheyearinwhichthecopperpriceaveragedarecordhighof

over$3.40apound($7.50perkg).WhenthepriceofChile'schiefexportishigh,

accidentshappen.That'sbecauseanarmyofpart-time,unsupervisedminers,oftenwith

littleexperience,headou(intotheAtacamaDesertinsearchofthemineral.Minesthat

closedlongagobecausetheywereunprofitablesuddenlyfindtheycanmakemoney

againandreopen,oftenwithnobettersafetystandardsthanwhentheyclosed.The

reverseisalsotrue:whenthecopperpriceislow,theaccidentratefalls.Thesafestyear

inthehistoryofChileanminingwas1999,withjust0.09deathsforeverymillionhours

worked.Thatyearcoppersoldforjust72centsapound.Thisyearcopperhasaveraged

over$4apound.Miningisbooming.AHthemorereason,therefore,toreflectonthe

extraordinaryeventsoflastyearattheSanJosemine,andtoinvestalittlemoreofthe

industry'shandsomeprofitsinsafetyimprovements.

1WecaninferfromParagraph1that.

A^miningaccidentsinChile'sAtacamaDesertclaimed33liveslastyear

B、therehasbeenmuchimprovementinChile'sminingsafetysincelastyear

C^Chileangovernmenthasclosedquiteanumberofpoorly-operatedmines

D^Chileanparliamenthaspassedadraftbillonminingregulations

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：推理題。文章第一段首先提到去年的阿塔卡馬沙漠礦井事故，接下來

指出這一年是智利礦井相對安全的一年，礦難的死亡人數(shù)已從2010年上半年的27

人降到今年同期的12人，可知[B]“自去年以來，智利的采礦安全有了大幅度改善”

為正確答案。[A]“去年發(fā)生在智利阿塔卡馬沙漠的礦井事故奪去了33人的生命”與

本段第一句提到的智利33名被困阿塔卡馬沙漠的礦工成功獲救已過去一年相矛

盾，故排除；[C]”智利政府已關(guān)閉了不少經(jīng)營不善的礦井”并未在本段提及，故排

除；本段最后一句提到，今年七月份，智利政府把一項全面改革礦井安全法規(guī)的草

案遞交給了議會，由此可知，智利政府已就采礦安全問題擬定草案，并遞交給議

會，但該草案最終是否通過，在第一段中并未提及，故排除[D]”智利議會通過了政

府遞交的礦井監(jiān)管草案”。

2、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

A^TheminingindustryoccupiesaminorpartinChile'sGDP.

B、ChileangovernmentshouldthinktwicebeforeratifyingtheILO'sConvention176.

C、SanJose'sminerescueshowsChile'sremarkableprogressinrescuework.

D^It'shightimeChileangovernmenttookmeasurestostrengthenitsminingsafety.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段最后一句提到，智利政府更有理由將采銅業(yè)中的不

菲利潤多分出一部分投資在安全設(shè)施改善上，由此可知，[D]”現(xiàn)在是智利政府采取

措施加強(qiáng)其采礦安全的時候了”為正確答案。第二段最后一句提到，智利政府要求

國際勞工組織提供更多關(guān)于該措施會如何影響采礦業(yè)的信息，因為采礦業(yè)產(chǎn)值大約

占智利國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的20%,由此可知，采礦業(yè)是智利的重要工業(yè)，而[A]“采礦

業(yè)在智利國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值中處于一個不重要的位置“陳述錯誤，故排除；作者在第二

段主要闡述智利政府未批準(zhǔn)國際勞工組織關(guān)于采礦安全的第176號公約，以及批準(zhǔn)

該措施的必要性，而[B]”智利政府在正式批準(zhǔn)第176號公約前應(yīng)該三思而后行”陳

述錯誤，故排除；作者在第二段第四句用remarkablerescue描述去年阿塔卡馬沙漠

被困礦工的營救行動，但作者并未陳述智利如何在營救方面取得進(jìn)步，［C］陳述錯

誤，故排除。

3、Theauthor'stoneinwritingthepassageis.

A、criticalandcynical

B、objectiveandurging

C>partialandharsh

D、scientificandindifferent

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：念度題。本文開篇點(diǎn)出去年阿塔卡馬沙漠和、井事故，介紹并肯定了事

故發(fā)生后智利政府采取的一系列提高采礦安全監(jiān)管的舉措；第二段指出，智利政府

遲遲不批準(zhǔn)國際勞工組織關(guān)于采礦安全的第176號公約，并用事實(shí)證明了采取此項

措施的必要性；第三段介紹了智利采礦業(yè)的安全局勢仍然嚴(yán)峻，并指出采礦事故與

銅的價格變動之間的關(guān)系；最后敦促智利政府加大投資以改善采礦業(yè)的安全設(shè)施。

綜上所述，作者陳述了客觀事實(shí)，并提出自己的建議，言辭客觀、懇切，故[B]“客

觀的和敦促的''為正確答案。

Ifyouthinkmoneycan'tbuyyoufriends,thinkagain,intheonlineworld,it'spossibleto

purchaseacrowdoffans.Onethousandcostonly$18onaverage,accordingtoestimates

byBarracudaNetworks,anetworksecuritycompany.Yetthesefriendswon'tmeetyou

fbrdrinksafterwork.Infact,theydon'tevenexist.Theyarepixelsonascreen.Alarge

shareofsocial-mediafollowersofthebiggestcompaniesarenothuman,believesMarco

CamisaniCalzolari,anentrepreneurandprofessoratMilan'sILUMUniversity.Ina

recentstudyhequantifiedtheproportionofcomputer-generatedfansorinactiveusers

followingbigbrandsonTwitter.Todecidewhetherafollowerishuman,Mr.Camisani

Calzolariusedvariouscriteria,includingthenumberofpostsfromafan'sTwitter

accountandtheuseofcorrectpunctuationintweets.Accordingtothisresearch,byJune

2011nearlyhalfofTwitterfollowersofcomputermakerDell—about700,000—were

bots.Somepoliticiansalsoseemtohavemanyfakefollowers.MittRomney,theformer

Republicanpresidentialcandidate,becamethefocusofmediaattentionwhenhisTwitter

followingswelledby17%inasingledayinJuly.Oncloseinspection,asignificant

proportionofMr.Romney'sfollowersappearedtobefakeprofiles.InItalyBeppe

Grillo'sFiveStarMovementlostthedrivingforcewhenMr.CamisaniCalzolarimadea

similarclaimaboutthefollowersofthecomedian-turned-politician.Thereisno

indicationthatanyofthecompaniesmentionedinMr.CamisaniCalzolari'spaperhave

boughtfollowers—roguebotsoftenattachthemselvestopeopleandbrandswithout

payment.Butsomefirmsdobuyasocialmediafollowing.Fakeprofilesareatthecenter

ofaveryvibrantandgrowingundergroundeconomy,saysBarracudaNetworks.On

eBay,thee-commercesite,forinstance,thefirm'sresearchershavefound20sellers

offeringtosetupsuchprofiles.Forstart-upsastrungsocialmediaIblluwingcanbuosl

business.Asmallmom-and-popshopstrugglingtosellitsgoodscanlooklikeabooming

upstartthankstoaswollenTwitteraccount,oranartificiallyhighnumberofFacebook

likes.Formajorinternationalcompanies,asmallnumberoffollowersintheearlystages

ofengagementwithsocialmediacanbeembarrassingatbestanddamagingtobrand

perceptionatworst.Buyingcrowdsoffans-eveniftheyaren'tengagedwiththe

brand-cangiveanartificia