新人教版高中英語必修第一冊PAGEPAGE1Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorldDiscoveringUsefulStructuresRestrictiverelativeclauses(2)教材分析Thisteachingperiodmainlydealswiththegrammar:Themethodofjudgingrelativeadverbsofattributiveclauses.Thisperiodcarriesconsiderablesignificancetothecultivationofstudents’writingcompetenceandlaysasolidfoundationforthebasicappreciationoflanguagebeauty.Theteacherisexpectedtoenablestudentstomasterthisperiodthoroughlyandconsolidatetheknowledgebydoingsomeexerciseofgoodquality.教學目標與核心素養1.Getstudentstohaveagoodunderstandingofthebasicusagesofrelativeadverbsofattributiveclauses.2.Enablestudentstousethebasicphrasesstructuresflexibly.3.Developstudents’speakingandcooperatingabilities.4.Strengthenstudents’greatinterestingrammarlearning.教學重難點1.Howtoenablestudentstohaveagoodunderstandingofthebasicusagesofrelativeadverbsofattributiveclauses.2.Howtoenablestudentstojudgeandusetherelativeadverbsofattributiveclausesflexibly.教學過程Step1:語法自主探究關系副詞的用法一、判斷定語從句的關系副詞的方法如果先行詞是指代“時間的名詞”，還原到定語從句中作時間狀語，則用關系副詞when；如果先行詞是指代“地點的名詞”，還原到定語從句中作地點狀語，則用關系副詞where；如果先行詞是指代“原因的名詞（reason）”，還原到定語從句中作原因狀語，則用關系副詞why。二、關系副詞的基本用法指代關系副詞在從句中的作用例句時間名詞when（=at/in/on+which）時間狀語Ishallneverforgetthedaywhenwemovedintoournewhouse.（先行詞theday還原到從句中為:wemovedintoournewhouseontheday,作時間狀語，用when或onwhich）我永遠不會忘記我們搬入新房子的那一天。地點名詞where（=at/in/on+which）地點狀語Thisisthevillagewheremyfatherwasborn.（先行詞thevillage還原到從句中為:myfatherwasborninthevillage,作地點狀語，用where或inwhich）這就是我父親出生的村莊。原因名詞why（=forwhich）原因狀語Thisisthereasonwhyhemissedtheearlybus.（先行詞thereason還原到從句中為:hemissedtheearlybusforthereason,作原因狀語，用why或forwhich）這是他錯過早班車的原因。三、關系副詞和關系代詞的正確使用關系副詞和關系代詞的選擇要看先行詞在定語從句中充當什么成分：如果作狀語，則用關系副詞；如果作主語、賓語、表語，則用關系代詞，而不能只看先行詞是什么。I’llneverforgettheday(that/which)Ispentwithyouonthefarm.(先行詞theday還原到從句中為:Ispentthedaywithyouonthefarm,作spent的賓語，用that/which)我永遠不會忘記我們在農場一起度過的那一天。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIworkedwithyouonthefarm.(先行詞theday還原到從句中為:Iworkedwithyouonthefarmontheday,作時間狀語，用when或onwhich)我永遠不會忘記我們在農場一起工作的那一天。Heworksinthefactory(that/which)Ivisitedlastyear.(先行詞thefactory還原到從句中為:Ivisitedthefactorylastyear,作visited的賓語，用that/which)他在我去年參觀的那個工廠工作。Heworksinthefactorywherethesebikesaremade.(先行詞thefactory還原到從句中為:thesebikesaremadeinthefactory,作地點狀語,用where或inwhich)他在制造這些自行車的那個工廠工作。Thisisthereason(that/which)heexplainedtous.(先行詞thereason還原到從句中為:heexplainedthereasontous,作explained的賓語，用that/which)這就是他對我們解釋的理由。Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhewassoangry.(先行詞thereason還原到從句中為:hewassoangryforthereason,作原因狀語，用why或forwhich)我不知道他如此生氣的原因。四、關系副詞易錯點：1.where指代抽象地點，意為“在……中（下）”where既可以指代具體的地點名詞，也可指代抽象地點名詞，常見的抽象地點名詞：case,point,situation,condition,scene,stage,position,activity,platform,race,environment,atmosphere,family,job等。IhavereachedapointinmylifewhereIshouldmakedecisionsofmyown.我已經到了一個在我人生中自己做決定的地步了。Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironmentwheretheylive.目前人們更加關心他們所居住的環境。Lifeislikealongracewherewecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.人生像一場長跑比賽,我們在比賽中和他人競爭以超越自己。2.when指代抽象時間，意思為“在……的時間里”when既可以指代具體的時間名詞，也可指代抽象時間名詞，常見的有occasion（時機）,time,age,period等。OccasionsarequiterarewhenIhavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.我有時間和孩子們呆一天的機會很少。Wearelivinginanagewhenmanythingsaredoneoncomputers.我們生活在一個許多事情靠計算機來做的時代。3.why不能引導非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句不能用why引導,要用forwhich。Ihavetoldhimthereason,forwhichImissedtheearlybus.我沒趕上早班車,我已經告訴了他原因。Themainreason,forwhichhelosthisjob,wasthathedranktoomuch.他失去工作的主要原因是酗酒。4.way作先行詞①先行詞way在定語從句中充當方式狀語，引導詞用that或inwhich，也可省略。（注意不用how,how不能引導定語從句。）②充當主語、賓語，引導詞用that或which，做主語時不可省略，做賓語時可省略。Thisistheway(that/inwhich)hesolvedtheproblem.(先行詞theway還原到定語從句中為：hesolvedtheproblemintheway，作方式狀語，引導詞用that或inwhich，也可省略。)這就是他解決問題的方法。Thisistheway(that/which)heusedtosolvetheproblem.(theway作used的賓語，that/which可省略)這就是他所使用的解決問題的方法。Thisisthewaythat/whichwasusedtosolvetheproblem.(theway作wasused的主語，that/which不可省略)這就是被使用的解決問題的方法。五、使用定語從句時注意的幾個方面：（一）分割式定語從句定語從句和它所修飾的先行詞中間插入謂語、狀語或另外的定語等成分，使定語從句與所修飾的名詞分割開來，或者插入語把引導詞與定語從句分割。理解句子時，注意找準先行詞。Anew

teacher

willcometomorrowwho

willteachusEnglish.

教我們英語的一位新老師明天就要到了。Thedaysaregonewhenphysicalstrengthwaswhatyouneededtomakealiving.完全靠體力掙錢謀生的時代已經過去了。Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,whereweenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.我和朋友爬到了山頂，在那里我們欣賞了美麗的湖光景色。Thescientisthasmadeanotherdiscovery,

which,ofcourse,

isofgreat

importance.科學家另有發現，當然，這個發現很重要。（二）易混從句對比1.Isthisfactorytheone(that)youvisitedyesterday?(theone作表語，that引導定語從句，修飾theone)Isthisthefactory(that/which)youvisitedyesterday?(that/which引導定語從句并作賓語，可省略)2.Theoldmanhasthreesons,oneofwhomisateacher.(定語從句，用引導詞whom)Theoldmanhasthreesons,andoneofthemisateacher.(并列句，用代詞them)3.Thenews(that/which)hetoldusistrue.(定語從句，引導詞用that和which都可)Thenewsthatourteamwonthegameistrue.(同位語從句，引導詞只用that，不用which)4.Thedoctordidall(that)hecouldtosavetheboy.(有先行詞all，that引導定語從句)Thedoctordidwhathecouldtosavetheboy.(沒有先行詞，what引導賓語從句)5.Asisknowntotheworld,MarkTwainwasafamouswriter.(as引導非限制性定語從句)ItisknowntotheworldthatMarkTwainwasafamouswriter.(it是形式主語，that從句是真正的主語)WhatisknowntotheworldisthatMarkTwainwasafamouswriter.(what引導主語從句)6.Youshouldleavethingsattheplace

whereyoucanfindthemagaineasily.(有先行詞，where引導定語從句,也可用atwhich)Youshouldleavethingswhereyouc