2016年12月英語四級選詞填空真題及答案

第一套

PARTIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.

Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistof

choicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthethepassagethrough

carefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankis

identifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterfor

eachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Manymenandwomenhavelongboughtintotheideathatthere

are"male"and"female“brains,believingthatexplainsjustabout

everydifferencebetweenthenewstudy26thatbelief,questioning

whetherbrainsreallycanbedistinguishedbygender.

Inthestudy,TelAvivUniversityresearchers27forsex

differencesthroughouttheentirehumanbrain

Andwhatdidtheyfind?Notmuch.Ratherthanofferevidence

for28brainsas“male"or“female”,researchshowsthatbrains

fallintoawiderange,withmostpeoplefallingrightinthemiddle.

DaphnaJoel,wholedthestudy,saidherresearchfoundthat

whiletherearesomegender-based29,manydifferenttypesofbrain

can,talwaysbedistinguishedbygender.

Whilethe“average”maleand“average“femalebrainswere

30different,youcouldn7ttellitbylookingatindividualbrain

scans.Onlyasmall31ofpeoplehad“all-male”or“all-female”

characteristics.

LarryCahill,anAmericanneuroscientist（神經科學家），saidthe

studyisanimportantadditiontoagrowingbodyofresearch

questioning32beliefsaboutgenderandbrainfunction.Buthe

cautionedagainstconcludingfromthisstudythatallbrainsare

thesame,33ofgender.

“There'samountainofevidence34theimportanceofsex

influencesatalllevelsofbrainfunction,“hetoldTheSeattle

Times.

Ifanything,hesaid,thestudy35thatgenderplaysavery

importantroleinthebrain一"evenwhenwearenotclearexactly

how.”

A)儂I)regardless

B)appliedJ)searched”

C)taeflyK)similarities^1

D)categorizingL)slightly"

E)challengesM)suggests^1

F)figureN)taste*1

G)percentageO)traditional^1

H)provings

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.

Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalist

ofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readth

epassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachch

oiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecor

respondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasingle

linethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsint

hebankmorethanonce.

It'sourguiltypleasure:WatchingTVisthemostcommonev

erydayactivity,afterworkandsleep,inmanypartsofthewor

Id.AmericansviewfivehoursofTVeachday,andwhileweknow

thatspendingsomuchtimesitting(36)canleadtoobesity(flE

胖癥)andotherdiseases,researchershavenowquantifiedjust

how(37)beingacouchpotatocanbe.

Inananalysisofdatafromeightlarge(38)publishedstu

dies,aHarvard-ledgroupreportedintheJournaloftheAmeric

anMedicalAssociationthatforeverytwohoursperdayspentc

hannel(39),theriskofdevelopingType2diabetes(糖尿病)ro

se20%overyears,theriskofheartdiseaseincreased15%ove

ra(40),andtheoddsofdyingprematurely(41)13%during

aseven-yearfollow-up.Allofthese(42)arelinkedtoalack

ofphysicalexercise.Butcomparedwithothersedentary(久坐的)

activities,likeknitting,viewingTVmaybeespecially(43)

atpromotingunhealthyhabits.Forone,thesheernumberofhou

rswepasswatchingTVdwarfsthetimewespendonanythingels

e.Andotherstudieshavefoundthatwatchingadsforbeerand

popcornmaymakeyoumorelikelyto(44)them.

Evenso,theauthorsadmitthattheydidn'tcomparediffere

ntsedentaryactivitiesto(45)whetherTVwatchingwas1inked

toagreaterriskofdiabetes,heartdiseaseorearlydeathco

mparedwith,say,reading.

A)climbedB)consumeC)decadeD)determineE)effectiveF)h

armfulG)outcomes

H)passivelyI)previouslyJ)resumeK)sufferedL)surfingM)

termN)terminals0)twisting

參考答案解析:

36.passively????

解析：sittingpassively被動坐著

從詞性判斷，36題應該選一個副詞來修飾sitting這個動名詞，而備選項

中只有兩個副詞，一個是passively被動地，一個是previously之前，

再根據語義邏輯，坐著那看電視的行為應該是一種被動行為，而不存在前

后之分。

37.harmful

解析：quantifiedjusthowharmfulbeingacouchpotato量化長時

間看電視的嚴重危害

通過分析how(???)beingacouchpotatocanbe這句話的句子成分,

得出how這個副詞之后應該接一個形容詞，符合詞性條件的備選項，一個

是effective有效的，一個是harmful有害的。根據語義邏輯，長時間看

電視是有害的，故選harmfulo

38.previously

解析：previouslypublishedstudies之前公布的研究

38題空格處應該填一個副詞來修飾published這個詞，參考36題的解析，

備選項中現在只剩下一個副詞就是previously,剛好填入此處。

39.surfing

解析：spentchannelsurfing,直接翻譯為在頻道沖浪，意譯為看電視。

這里的channel頻道指代television電視；而“surfing沖浪"指代“w

atching看"，我們經常看到上網常用surfing一詞，這里運用了仿詞，

將“上網沖浪”的surfing借過來用來指“看電視以上可以理解為英

語中的委婉表達。

40.decade

解析：increased15%overadecade?10年增加了15%。40題后面出現

了一個詞并列連詞and,說明本句存在并列關系。通讀此句，40題在ove

r之后應該填一個表示時間的名詞，這樣才能和前文over與后文durin

gaseven-yearfollowup形成并列，備選項中只有decade符合條件。

41.climbed

解析：theodds-climbed13%幾率增加了13%。解析同40題，根據a

nd所指向的并列關系，前文說某一種風險增加了20%,某一種風險的增加

了15%,此處空格也應該填一個表示上升的動詞，備選項只有climbed,

爬升。

42.outcomes

解析：alloftheseoutcomes所有這些后果。此題填outcomes,是對

前文各種疾病風險的概括。

43.effective

解析：beespeciallyeffectiveatpromotingunhealthyhabits更容

易形成不健康的習慣。beeffectiveatdoing有效做某事。這里是諷刺

用法，用來強調看電視更容易形成不健康的習慣。

44.consume

解析：makeyoumorelikelytoconsumethem?使你更有可能吃他們,

這里注意them指前文出現的beer啤酒和popcorn爆米花,又能表示喝啤

酒，又能表示吃爆米花的詞只有consume。consume消費，也只吃喝（東

西）。

45.determine

解析：通過句法分析，本句應該填寫動詞原形，放在to不定式符號之后。

備選項中有3個動詞原形，其中consume己經填在了44題，在剩下的re

sume恢復和determine決定之間，根據語義，應選擇determine。

Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereader

andthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,tothetext

andgetsanswers.Inthelightoftheseheputs_1_questions,

andsoon.

Formostofthetimethis“conversation“goesonbelowthe

levelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecome_2_ofit.

Thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulties,whenmismatch

isoccurringbetween_3_andmeaning.Whensuccessfulmatching

isbeingexperienced,ourquestionofthetextcontinuesatthe

unconsciouslevel.

Differentpeople_4_withthetextdifferently.Somestayvery

closetothewordsonthepage,otherstakeoffimaginativelyfrom

thewords,interpreting,criticizing,analyzingandexamining.The

formerrepresentsakindofcomprehensionwhichis_5_inthetext.

Thelatterrepresents_6_levelsofcomprehension.Thebalance

betweentheseisimportant,especiallyforadvancedreaders.

Thereisanotherconversationwhichfromourpointofviewis

—7—important,andthatistodonotwithwhatisreadbutwith

howitisread.Wecallthisa“process”conversationas_8—

toa“content“conversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaningbut

withthe_9_weemployinreading.Ifweareanadvancedreader

ourabilitytoholdaprocessconversationwithatextisusually

prettywell_10_.Notsoourabilitytoholdacontent

conversation.

[A]opposed[B]converse[C]equallyD]written

[E]developed[F]strategies[G]compared[H]awake

[I]higher[J]expectations[K]deal[L]absolutely[M]aware

[N]better[0]further

參考答案：

1.02.M3.J4.B5.D6.17.C8.A9.

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.

Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistof

choicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassage

throughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthe

bankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletter

foreachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Themethodformakingbeerhaschangedovertime.Hops（啤酒

花），forexample,whichgivemanyamodernbeeritsbitterflavor,

area26recentadditiontothebeverage.Thiswasmentionedin

referencetobrewingintheninthcentury.Now,researchershave

founda27ingredientinresidue（殘留物）from5000-year-oldbeer

brewingequipment.Whileexcavatingtwopitsatasiteinthecentral

plainsofChina,scientistsdiscoveredfragmentsfrompotsandve—

Thedifferentshapesofthecontainers28theywereusedtobrew,

filter,andstorebeer.Theymaybeancientwbeer-makingtools,“

andtheearliest29evidenceofbeerbrewinginChina,the

researchersreportedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyof

Sciences.To30thathypothesis,thetea