大學英語四級考試真題（第一套）

PartIWriting(30minutes)(請于正式開考后半小時內完成該部分，之后將進行聽力考

試)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Supposeyouhave

twooptionsupongraduation:oneistotakeajobinacompanyandtheothertogotoagraduate

school.Youaretomakeachoicebetweenthetwo.Writearessaytoexplainthereasonsforyour

choice.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

Muchcontroversyhasbeenarousedaboutwhetherthestudentsshouldfindajoborstart

theirownbusinessaftergraduation.Takingalookaround,wecanfindthatsomegraduates

bustlearoundjobmarkets,whileotherschoosetorunashoponTMall.However,1preferthe

formerchoice.

Frommyperspective,therearcgoodreasonstofindajobinthefirstseveralyearsafter

theirgraduation.Firstandforemost,ifagraduateintendstoaccumulateworkingexperienceand

learnfromtheseniors,itisadvisableforhimtofindajob.Itisanundeniablefactthatthe

theoreticalknowledgewillprovidethegraduateswiththeabilitytoconsiderthings

comprehensively,however,onlyundertheintegrationwithpracticecantherigidknowledgebe

usefulfbrtheirfuturedevelopment.Inevitably,doingsomethingsmallisrhepremiseof

undertakingsomethinggre￡t.JakeJackMa,thefounderofAlibabaandtaobao,forexample.He

alsofindssomejobsbeforeestablishinghisowncareer,layingasolidfoundationforhislater

success.

Consequently,itisofgreatnecessitytofindajobaftergraduation.Ifirmlybelievethatit

willcontinuetobringaboutmorereturnstoourlifeandfuture.

PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,

youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonly

once.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromrhefourchoicesmarked

A),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasingleline

throughthecentre.

Questions1and2arcbasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Itwasgoingtoberenovated.

B)Hecouldnolongerpaytherent.

C)Itwasdangeroustolivein.

D)Hehadsoldittotheroyalfamily.

【答案】C

2.A)Astorm.

B)Astrike.

C)Aforestfire.

D)Aterroristattack.

【答案】A

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

3.A)Theylostcontaccwiththeemergencydepartment.

B)Theywereinjuredbysuddenlyfallingrocks.

C)Theysentcallsforhelpviaaportableradio.

D)Theyweretrappedinanundergroundelevator.

【答案】D

4.A)Theyprovidedtheminerswithfoodandwater.

B)Theysentsuppliesrokeeptheminerswarm.

C)Theyreleasedrhedetailsofrheaccident.

D)Theytriedhardtorepairrheelevator.

【答案】B

Questions5to7arcbasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Raisepostagerates.

B)Improveitsservices.

C)Closesomeofitspostoffices.

D)Redesigndelivery“outes.

【答案】C

6.A)Closingofficesonholidays.

B)Shom'ningbusinesshcurs.

C)Computerizingmailsortingprocesses.

D)StoppingmaildeliveryonSaturdays.

【答案】D

7.A)Alotofcontroversywillarise.

B)Taxpayerswillbeverypleased.

C)Manypeoplewillbegintocomplain.

D)Manypostofficestaffwilllosetheirjobs.

【答案】D

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeach

conversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Bothrheconversationandthequestionswillbe

spokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefour

choicesmarkedA),B)yC)andD).ThenmarkrhecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1witha

singlelinethroughthecentre.

Questions8to11arcbasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)Hewilllosepartofhispay.

B)Hewillgothroughretraining.

C)Hewillbegivenawarning.

I))Hewillbekeptfrompromotion.

【答案】A

9.A)Heisanexperiencedpressoperator.

B)Heisntnijstuorthygiiy.

C)IIcisalwaysontime.

D)Heisongoodtermswithhisworkmates.

【答案】B

10.A)Sheisatradeunionrepresentative.

B)Sheisaseniormanageroftheshop.

C)Sheisbetterathandlingsuchmatters.

D)Sheisinchargeofpublicrelations.

【答案】C

1l.A)Heisalwaystryingtostiruptrouble.

B)Heisskilledandexperienced.

C)Heisveryclosetorhemanager.

D)Heisalwayscomplainingaboutlowwages.

【答案】A

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Open.

B)Reserved.

C)Selfish.

D)Friendly.

【答案】B

13.A)Theyreadabook.

B)Theytalkabouttheweather.

C)Theystayquiet.

D)Theychatwithfellowpassengers.

【答案】C

14.A)Shewasunwillingtomakefriendswithworkmates.

B)Shewasneverinvi:edtoacolleague'shome.

C)ShewaseagertovisitanEnglishcastle.

D)Shewasalwaystreatedasaforeigner.

【答案】B

15.A)Housesarcmuchmorequiet.

B)Theywanttohavemorespace.

C)Theywantagardenoftheirown.

D)Housesprovidemoreprivacy.

【答案】I)

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwill

hearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.After

youhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)

andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughths

centre.

Quesrions16co18arebasedonrhepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Theywillautomaticallybegivenhiringpriority.

B)Theydon'thavetogothroughjobinterviews.

C)Theyarclikelytogermuchhigherpay.

D)Theydon'thavemuchchoiceofjobs.

【答案】A

17.A)Visittheschoolcareersservice.

B)Asktheirprofessorsforhelp.

C)Lookatschoolbulletinboards.

D)CTOthroughcampusnewspapers.

【答案】A

18.A)Providingstudentswithinformationaboutthelibrary.

B)Hclpingstudentsarrangeappointmentswithlibrarians.

C)Supcrvrisingstudyspacestoensureaquietatmosphere.

D)Helpingstudentsfindthebooksandjournalstheyneed.

【答案】C

Questions19to21arebasedonrhepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Ittastesbetter.

B)Itmaybesoldatahigherprice.

C)Itiseasiertogrow.

D)Itcanbettersurviveextremeweathers.

【答案】B

20.A)Itcangrowindriersoil.

B)Itisimmunetovariousdiseases.

QItwillreplacegreenteaoneday.

D)Ttishealthierthengreentea.

【答案】D

21.A)Itdoesnothaveastablemarket.

B)Ithasmadeteafarmers'lifeeasier.

C)Itdoesnotbringthepromisedhealthbenefits.

D)Ithasbeenwellreceivedbymanyteadrinkers.

【答案】A

Questions22to25arebasedonrhepassageyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Theycaremoreaboutenvironment.

B)Theydecoratetheirhomesthemselves.

C)Theypreferuniqueobjectsofhighquality.

D)Theyneeddecorationstoshowtheirstatus.

【答案】C

23.A)Theymadegreatcontributionstosociety.

B)Theycouldonlytrytocreateatnight.

QThcywereproudo:theircreations.

D)Theyfocusedonthequalityoftheirproducts.

【答案】B

24.A)Identify2kecrafts.

B)Makewisechoices.

C)Toarousepublicinterestincrafts.

D)T。boostdielocaleconomy.

【答案】B

25.A)Toattractforeigninvestments.

B)Topreservethetraditionalculture.

C)Designhandicraftsthemselves.

D)Learntheimportarceofcreation.

【答案】D

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarcrequiredtosclcc:one

wordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthe

passagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbya

letter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasingleline

throughthecentre.Youm￡ynotuseanyofrhewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Manymenandwomenhavelongboughtintotheideathatthereare"male"and

“female“brains,believingthatexplainsjustaboutcvcnrdifferencebetweenthesexes.Anew

study_26_thatbelief,questioningwhetherbrainsreallycanbedistinguishedbygender.

Inthestudy,TelAvivUniversityresearchers_27_forsexdifferencesthroughoutthe

entirehumanbrain.

27._____

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)regardless

J)searched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

())traditional

Andwhatdidtheyfind?Notmuch.Ratherthanofferevidencefor_28_brainsas

"male"or"female,"researchshowsthatbrainsfallintoawiderange,withmostpeople

fallingrightinthemiddle.

28.____

A)abnormal

B)叩plied

C)briefly

I))categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)perernrage

11)proving

I)regardless

J)searched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

DaphnaJoel,wholedthestudy,saidherresearchfoundthatwhiletherearcsome

gender-based—__29_,manydifferenttypesofbraincan'talwaysbedistinguishedbygender.

29._____

A)abnormal

B)applied

Qbriefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)regardless

J)searched

K)<;ifnilarirics

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

Whilethe“average"maleand“average“femalebrainswere_30_different,you

couldn7ttellitbylookingatindividualbrainscans.Onlyasmall_31_ofpeoplehad

“all-male"orwall-femalewcharacteristics.

30._____

31._____

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)regardless

J)searched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

LarryCahill,anAmericanneuroscientist(神經科學家),saidthestudyisanimportant

additiontoagrowingbodyofresearchquestioning_32_beliefsaboutgenderandbrain

function.Buthecautionedagainstconcludingfromthisstudythatallbrainsarethesame,

_33_ofgender.

32._____

33._____

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)regardless

J)searched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)rasres

O)traditional

“There'samountainofevidence_34_theimportanceofsexinfluencesatalllevelsof

brainfunction,MhetoldTheSeattleTimes.

34.

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)regardless

J)searched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

())traditional

Ifanything,hesaid,thestudy_35_thatgenderplaysaven-importantroleinthebrain-

evenwhenwearenotclearexactlyhow.”

35._____

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)regardless

J)searched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedto

it.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraph

fromwhichrheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Each

paragraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerrhequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet2.

CanBurglarsJ^mYourWirelessSecuritySystem?

A)Anyproductthatpromisestoprotectyourhomedeservescarefulexamination.Soitisn't

surprisingthatyou'11findplentyofstrongopinionsaboutthepotentialvulnerabilitiesofpopular

homc-sccurity1systems.

B）Themostlikelytypeofburglary（入室盜竊）byfaristheunsophisticatedcrimeof

opportunity,usuallyinvolvingabrokenwindoworsomeforcedentry.AccordingtotheFBI,

crimesliketheseaccountedf（）rroughlytwo-thirdsofallhouseholdburglariesintheUSin2013.

Thewidemajorityoftherestwereillegal,unforcedentriesthatresultedfromsomethinglikea

windowbeingleftopen.Theoddsofcriminalusingtechnicalmeanstobypassasecuritysystem

aresosmallthattheFBIdoesn'teventrackthosestatistics.

C）（）neofthemaintheoreticalhome-securityconcernsiswhetherornotagivensystemis

vulnerabletobeingblockedfromworkingaltogether.Withwiredsetups,rhefearisthata

burglar（入室盜賊）mightbeabletoshutyoursystemdownsimplybycuttingtherightcable.

Withawirelesssetup,youstickbattery-poweredsensorsuparoundyourhomethatkeepaneye

onwindows,doors,motion,andmore.Iftheydetectsomethingwrongwhilethesystemisarmed,

they'11transmitawirelessalertsignaltoabasestationthatwillthenraisethealarm.That

approachwilleliminatemostcord-cuttingconcerns—butwhatabouttheirwirelessequivalent,

jamming?Withtherightdevicetunedtotherightfrequency,what'stostopathieffrom

jammingyoursetupandblockingthatalertsignalfromeverreachingthebasestation?

【"Jammingconcernsarenothingnew,andthey'renotuniquetosecuritysystems.Any

devicethat*sbuilttoreceiveawirelesssignalataspecificfrequencycanbeoverwhelmedbya

strongersignalcominginonthesamefrequency.Forcomparison,k,t，ssayyouwantedto

"jam"aconversationbetweentwopeople—allyou'dneedtodoisyellinthelistenerJscar.

E）Sccuritydevicesarcrequiredtolistthefrequenciestheybroadcaston-thatmeansthata

potentialthiefcanfindwhattheyneedtoknowwithminimalGoogling.Theywill,however,

needtoknowwhatsystemtheyfrelookingfor.Ifyouhaveasigninyouryarddeclaringwhat

setupyouuse,that'dpointthemintherightdirection,thoughatthatpoint,we'retalkingabout

ahighlytargeted,semi-sophisricatedattack,andnotthesortofforced-entryattackrhatmakesup

themajorityofburglaries.It'seasiertofindandacquirejammingequipmentforsome

frequenciesthanitisforothers.

F)Wirelesssecurityproviderswilloftentakestepstohelpcombatthethreatofjamming

attacks.SimpliSafe,winnerofourEditors'Choicedistinction,utilizesaspecialsystemthat's

capableofseparatingincidentalRFinterferencefromtargetedjammingattacks.Whenthesystem

thinksit'sbeingjammed,it'11notifyyouviapushalert(推送警艮).Fromthere,it'suproyou

tosoundthealarmmanually.

G)SimpliSafcwassingledoutinonerecentarticleonjamming,completewithavideo

showingtheentiresystembeingeffectivelybypassedwithhandheldjammingequipment.After

takingappropriatemeasuretocontaintheRFinterferencetoourtestlab,wetestedtheattackout

forourselves,andwereabletoverifythatitispossiblewiththerightequipment.However,we

alsoverifiedthatSimpliSafc，santi-jammingsystemworks.Itcaughtusintheact,sentanalertto

mysmartphone,andalsolistedourRFinterferenceonrhesystem'seventlog.Theteambehind

thearticleandvideoinquestionmakenomentionofrhesystem,orwhetherornotitdetected

them.

H)Weliketheuniquenatureofrhatsoftware.Trmeansthatarhieflikelywouldn'theable

toGooglehowthesystemworks,thenfigureoutawayarounditEveniftheycould,SimpliSafc

claimsthatitssystemisalwaysevolving,andthatitvariesslightlyfromsystemtosystem,which

meanstherewouldn,tbeauniversalmagicformulaforcrockingitOthersystemsalsoseem

confidentonthesubjectofjamming.TheteamatFrontpointaddressestheissueinablogonits

site,citingtheirownjamprotectionsoftwareandclaimingthattherearen'tanydocumented

casesofasuccessfuljamattacksincethecompanybeganofferingwirelesssecuritysensorsinthe

1980s.

l)Jammingattacksarcabsolutelypossible.Assaidbefore,withtherightequipmentancthe

rightknow-how,it'spossibletojamanywirelesstransmission.Buthowprobableisitthat

someonewillsuccessfullyjamtheirwayintoyourhomeandstealyourstuff?

J)Let'simaginethatyouliveinasmallhomewithawirelesssecuritysetupthatoffersa

functionalanti-jammingsystem.First,athiefisgoingroneedtotargetyourhome,spccifical.y.

Then,he'sgoingtoneedtoknowthetechnicalderailsofyoursystemandacquirethespecific

equipmentnecessaryforjammingyourspecificsetup.Presumably,youkeepyourdoorslockedat

nightandwhileyou*rcaway,sothethiefwillstillneedtobreakin.Thatmeansdefeatingthelock

somehow,orbreakingawindow.He'11needtobejammingyouatthispoint,asabroken

windoworopeneddoorwouldnormallyreleasethealarm.So,too,wouldthemotiondetectors

inyourhome,sothethiefwillneedtocontinuejammingoncehe，sinsideandsearchingfor

thingstosteal.However,he，IIneedtodosowithouttrippingtheanri-jammingsystem,the

derailsofwhichhealmostcertainlydoesnothaveaccessto.

K)Attheendoftheday,thesekindsofsystemsareprimarilydesignedtoprotectagainst

thesortofopporrunitricsmash-and-grabattnekthatmakesuprhe*majoriryTofburglaries.They'

realsoonlyasinglelayerinwhatshouldideallybeamany-sidedapproachtosecuringyourhome,

onethatincludescommonsensethingslikesoundlocksandproperexteriorlightingatnight.No

systemisimpenetrable,andnonecanpromisetoeliminatetheworstcasecompletely.Everyone

ofthemhasvulnerabilitiesthataknowledgeablethiefcouldtheoreticallyexploit.Agoodsysrem

isonethatkeepsthatworst-casesettingasimprobableaspossiblewhilealsoofferingstrong

protectionintheeventofaless-extraordinaryattack.

36.ltispossibleforburglarstomakejammingattackswiththenecessaryequipmentand

skill.

【答案】I

37.1nterfcringwithawirelesssecurityrsystemissimilartointerferingwithaconversation.

【答案】D

38.Aburglarhastocontinuouslyjamrhewirelesssecuritydevicetoavoidrriggcringthe

alarm,bothinsideandoursidcthehouse.

【答案】J

39.SimpliSafcprovidesdevicesthatarcabletodistinguishincidentalradiointerference

fromtargetedjammingattacks.

【答案】F

40.Onlyaverysmallproportionofburglariesarecommittedbytechnicalmeans.

【答案】B

41.ItisdifficulttocrazkSimpliSafeasitssystemkeepschanging.

【答案】H

42.WirelessdeviceswilltransmitsignnkscastoactivaterheHarmonresomethingwrongis

detected.

【答案】C

43.Diffcrcntmeasuresshouldbetakentoprotectone'shomefromburglaryinadditionto

thewirelesssecuritysystem.

【答案】K

44.SimpliSafe'sdevicecansendawarningtothehouseowner'scellphone.

【答案】G

45.Burglarscaneasilygetasecuritydevice,sfrequencybyInternetsearch.

【答案】E

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysome

questionsorunfinishedsratemenrs.ForeachofthemtherearcfourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)

andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkrhecorrespondingletteronAnswer

Sheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Asapersonwhowritesaboutfoodanddrinkforaliving,Icouldn'ttellyouthefirstthing

aboutBillPerryorwhetherthebeershesellsarethatgreat.ButIcantellyouthatIlikethisguy.

That'sbecauseheplanstobantippinginfavorofpayinghisserversanactuallivingwage.

Ihateripping.

Ihateitbecauseit'sanobligationdisguisedasanoption.1hateitforthepost-dinnermath

itrequiresnFme.Butmostly,ThaterippingbecauseTbclievnTwouldbeinabetterplaceifpay

decisionsregardingemployeesweresimplyleftuptotheiremployers,asisthecustominvirtually

everyotherindustry.

Mostofyouprobablythinkthatyouhatetipping,too.Researchsuggestsotherwise.You

actuallylovetipping!Youliketofeelthatyouhaveavoiceinhowmuchmoneyyourserver

makes.Nomatterhowthemathworksout,youpersistentlyviewrestaurantswithvoluntary

tippingsystemsasbeingabettervalue,whichmakesitextremelydifficultforrestaurantsancbars

todoawaywiththetippingsystem.

Oneargumentthatycutendtohearalotfromthepro-tippingcrowdseemslogicalenough:

theserviceisbetterwhenwaitersdependontips,presumablybecausetheysecabenefitto

successfullyveilingtheircontemptforyou.Well,ifthisweretrue,wewouldallbeslippingafew

100-dollarbillstoourdoctorsonthewayourtheirdoors,too.Burasitturnsout,waiterssee

onlyatinybumpinripswhentheydoanexceptionaljobcomparedtoapassableone.Waiters,

keenobserverscfhumanitythattheyare,arecatchingontothis;inonepoll,afull30%saidthey

didn'tbelievethejobtheydidhadanyimpactonthetips:heyreceived.

Socomeon,folks:gc:onboardwithditchingtheoutdatedtipsystem.Payalittlemore

up-frontforyourbeerorburger.SupportBillPerry'spub,andanyotherbarorrestaurantthat

doesn'taskJyoutododrunkenmath.

46.WhatcanwelearnaboutBillPerryfromthepassage?

A)Herunsapubthatservesexcellentbeer.

B)Heintendstogetridoftherippingpractice.

C)Hegiveshisstaffaconsiderablesumfortips.

D)Helivescomfinrrablywithoutgettinganyrips.

【答案】B

47.Whatisthemainreasonwhytheauthorhatestipping?

A)Itsetsabadexampleforotherindustries.

B)Itaddstotheburdenofordinarycustomers.

C)Itforcesthecustomertocompensatethewaiter.

D)Itposesagreatchallengeforcustomerstodomath.

【答案】C

48.Whydomanypeoplelovetippingaccordingtotheauthor?

A)Theyhelpimprovethequalityoftherestaurantstheydinein.

B)Theybelievewaitersdeservesuchrewardsfbrgoodservice.

QTheywanttopreserveawonderfultraditionoftheindustry.

D)Theycanhavesornesayinhowmuchtheirserversearn.

【答案】D

49.Whathavesomewaiterscometorealizeaccordingtoasurvey?

A)Scrvriccqualityhaslittleeffectontipsize.

B)Itisinhumannaturetotrytosaveontips.

C)Tipsmakeitmoredifficulttopleasecustomers.

D)Tipsbenefitthebossratherthantheemployees.

【答案】A

5().Whatdoesrheauthorargueforinthepassage?

A)Restaurantsshouldcalculatethetipsforcustomers.

B)Cusfomersshouldpaymoretipsrohelpimprovescrx-ice.

C)Waitersdeservebetterthanjustrelyingontipsforaliving.

D)Waitersshouldbepaidbyemployersinsteadofcusromcrs.

【答案】D

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonrhefollowingpassage.

inthepast,failingoilpriceshavegivenaboosttotheworldeconomy,butrecentforecasts

forglobalgrowthhavebeentoneddown,evenasoilpricessinklowerandlower.Doesthat

meanthelinkbetweenloweroilpricesandgrowthhasweakened?

Someexpertssaytherearcstillgoodreasonstobelievecheapoilshouldheatuptheworld

economy.Consumershavemoremoneyintheirpocketswhenthey,repayinglessatthepump.

Theyspendthatmoneyonotherthings,whichstimulatestheeconomy.

ThebiggestgainsgotocountriesrhatimportmostofrheiroillikeChina,Japan,andIndia.

Butdoesn'ttheextramoneyinthepocketsofthosecountries,consumersmeananequallossin

oil-producingcountries,cancellingoutthegains?Notnecessarily,sayseconomicresearcherSara

Johnson."Manyoilproducersbuiltuphugercscncfundswhenpriceswerehigh,sowhen

pricesfalltheywilldrawontheirreservestosupportgovernmentspendingandsubsidies（補

貼）fortheirconsumers.”

Butnotalloilproducershavebigreserves.InVenezuela,collapsingoilpriceshavesentits

economyintofree-fall.

EconomistCarlWeinbergbelievesthenegativeeffectsofplungingoilpricesare

overwhelmingthepositiveeffectsofcheaperoil.Theimplicationisasharpdeclineinglobal

trade,whichhasplungedpartlybcrausfoil-producingnnricnscan*raffordtoimportasmuchas

theyusedto.

SaraJohnsonacknow'edgcsthattheglobaleconomicbenefitfromafallinoilpricestoday

islikelylowerthanitwasinthepast.Onereasonisthatmorecountriesarcbigoilproducersnow,

sothenationssufferingfromthepricesdropaccountforalargershareoftheglobaleconomy.

Consumers,intheU.S.atleast,areactingcautiouslywiththesavingsthey'regettingatthe

gaspump,asthememoryofrherecenrgreatrecessionisstillfreshintheirmind.Andanumber

ofoil-producingcountriesaretrimmingtheirgasolinesubsidiesandraisingtaxes,sothenet

savingsforglobalconsumersisnotasbigastheoilpriceplungemightsuggest.

51.Whatdocstheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage?

A)Thcreasonsbehindtheplungeofoilprices.

【"Possiblewaystostimulatetheglobaleconomy.

QTIieimpactofcheapoilonglobaleconomicgrowth.

D)Theeffectoffallingoilpricesonconsumerspending.

【答案】C

52.Whydosomeexpertsbelievecheapoilwillstimulatetheglobaleconomy?

A)Manufacturcrscanproduceconsumergoodsatamuchlowercost.

B)Loweroilpriceshavealwaysgivenabigboosttotheglobaleconomy.

C)Oilpricesmayriseorfallbuteconomiclawsarenotsubjecttochange.

I))Consumerswillspendtheirsavingsfromcheapoilonothercommodities.

【答案】D

53.Whathappensinmanyoil-exportingcountrieswhenoilpricesgpclown?

A)Theysuspendimportofnecessirit'sfromoverseas.

B)Thcyreduceproductiondrasticallytoboostoilprices.

QTheyusetheirmoneyresen-estobackupconsumption.

D)Theytrytostoptheireconomyfromgoingintofree-fall.

【答案】C

54.HowdoesCarlWeinbergviewthecurrentoilpriceplunge?

A)Itisonethathasseennoparallelineconomichistory.

B)ltsnegativeeffectsmorethancanceloutitspositiveeffects.

Qltstillhasachancetogiverisetoaboomintheglobaleconomy.

D)Itseffectsontheglobaleconomygoagainste