話題20重大政治、歷史事件與文化淵源主題群三歷史、社會(huì)與文化Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024·河北省衡水中學(xué)五調(diào)考試)CallforEntries：YoungWomenWriters’CompetitionGuardian

WeekendmagazineislaunchingawritingcompetitionforUKwomenaged16－21onthethemeof“Conversations”.HowtoEnterAllyouhavetodoissubmita700－wordpersonalessaythatshowsoffyourtalents—onthethemeof“Conversations”.Didyouhaveanunforgettableconversationwithyourgrandmotheraboutheryouththatchangedhowyouviewedher?Doyoufindhavingcertainconversationsreallyhard，andifso，why?Isthereaconversationyouregret，oroneyouregretyouneverhad?We’rekeentohearaboutyourpersonalexperiences.ThePrizesTherewillbeonewinnerandtworunners－up.Thethreewinnerswilleachreceive￡250.ThewinnerswillbenotifiedbyemailortelephoneonorbeforeJune30，2023andgivendetailsofhowtoclaimtheirprizes.Aspartoftheeditingprocess，thethreewinnerswillparticipateinavideocallwithaGuardian

Weekendeditortodiscussandedittheiressayforpublication.Theoneoverallwinnerwillalsoreceiveaone－to－oneworkshopwithaneditor.RulesFollowalltherulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.■Onlyoneentryispermittedperperson.Entriesonbehalfofanotherpersonwillnotbeacceptedandjointsubmissionsarenotallowed.■Thecompetitionopensat9：00amonMay22，2023andclosesat11：59pmonJune9，2023.Entriesreceivedoutsidethistimeperiodwillnotbeconsidered.■Yourentrymustnotbecopied，andmustnotcontainanythird－partymaterialsorcontentthatyoudonothavepermissiontouse.■Youmustincludeyourname，ageandcontactdetails，includingyouremailaddressandphonenumber.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】

本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了《衛(wèi)報(bào)周末》雜志為16到21歲的英國(guó)女性舉辦了一場(chǎng)以“對(duì)話”為主題的寫(xiě)作比賽。1.What’sthethemeofthewritingcompetition?A.Regrets. B.Conversations.C.Grandmother’syouth. D.Personalexperiences.解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Guardian

WeekendmagazineislaunchingawritingcompetitionforUKwomenaged16－21onthethemeof‘Conversations’.”可知，寫(xiě)作比賽的主題是“對(duì)話”。√2.Whatextraprizewilltheoverallwinnerreceive?A.Anadditional￡250.B.Avideoofthecompetition.C.Apriornotificationofthewin.D.Aone－to－oneworkshopwithaneditor.解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThePrizes中最后一句“Theoneoverallwinnerwillalsoreceiveaone－to－oneworkshopwithaneditor.”

可知，總冠軍將獲得與編輯進(jìn)行一對(duì)一研討會(huì)的額外獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。√3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Co－authoringanentry.B.Includingcontactdetails.C.MailingyourentryonJune1，2023.D.Usingothers’contentwithpermission.解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)Rules中“Entriesonbehalfofanotherpersonwillnotbeacceptedandjointsubmissionsarenotallowed.”可知，如果聯(lián)合提交作品，將被取消參賽資格。√TheSisterRiceFestivalisheldeveryyearinGuizhou’sTaijiangCounty,where97percentofthe168，000peoplearefromtheethnic(民族的)Miaogroup.Itisanancienttradition,whichbringsmenandwomentogetherthroughfood,giftsandmusic.Inthedaysbeforethefestival,youngwomengatherleavesandwildflowers,whichtheyusetodye(給……染色)stickyricewithbrightcolors.Thisbrightlycoloredrice,knownasSisterRice,givesthefestivalitsname.Duringthefestival,theyoungwomendressinbeautifultraditionalclotheswithlargeamountsofsilverjewelry(首飾).Thefestivalincludesparades,horseracesandmusicalperformances.Buttherealfocusistheinteractionbetweentheyoungwomenandtheyoungmenwhovisitfromsurroundingvillagesandsingsongs.Inonetraditionaltypeofsong,amanandawomantaketurnstosingtoeachother,andthefirstonetomakeamistakelosesthegame.Thelosermustgivethewinneragift,butthewinnerisexpectedtogiveagiftinreturn,too.Aftermeetingthemen,thewomensendthemhomewithabamboobasketcontainingdyedriceandhiddenobjectswithspecialmeanings.Forexample,apairofchopsticksindicatesthatshewantstomarrytheman,whilegarlicshowsthatsheisnotinterested.Oneofseveralstoriesaboutthefestival’sbeginningisaboutagirlandaboywhofellinlove.Thegirl’sparentswantedhertomarryheruncle’sson.Sherefused,andtheboylikewiserefusedtomarryanyoneelse.Foratime,theycouldonlymeetinafieldandpasshiddenmessagestoeachotherthroughriceinabamboobasket.Finally,thepairovercametheirparents’oppositionandwereallowedtomarry.TheSisterRiceFestivalisperhapstheoldestfestivalinAsiathatencourageslove.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】

本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述貴州苗族姊妹節(jié)的習(xí)俗及它的起源。4.Whatisthepurposeofyoungwomencollectingleavesandwildflowers?A.Todecoratetheirrooms.B.Tosellthemandmakemoney.C.Togivestickyricedifferentcolors.D.Tocoversomeobjectsinabasket.解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Inthedaysbeforethefestival...withbrightcolors.可知，年輕的女子收集葉子和野花的目的是給糯米染不同的顏色。√5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheactivitytakingplaceinthefestival?A.Waterskiing. B.Horseraces.C.Parades. D.Singingsongs.解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Thefestivalincludesparades,horseracesandmusicalperformances.可知，waterskiing(滑水)不在此節(jié)日的活動(dòng)中。√6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Awomanoftenlosesthegame.B.Ahiddenpairofchopstickssuggestsgoodthings.C.Thewinnerneednotsendagift.D.Oftenamanneedstosingsongstoayoungwoman.解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Aftermeetingthemen...notinterested.可以推斷，一雙藏在竹籃里的筷子暗示著好事。√7.ThestoryinParagraph5tellsusthat

.A.theboy’sparentsdidn’tlikethegirlB.theywerenotmarriedintheendC.theboyrefusedtomarrythegirlatfirstD.thericeinthebamboobasketcarriedtheirlove解析

推理判斷題。第五段主要講苗族姊妹節(jié)的起源故事——一個(gè)女孩和一個(gè)男孩墜入了愛(ài)河。根據(jù)文中Foratime,theycouldonlymeet...inabamboobasket.可知，本段的故事告訴我們竹籃里的米承載著他們的愛(ài)。√Ifheisinatightspot,saysTroubleKalua,peoplementionhisname,asking,“Whatdoyouexpect？”ShortlybeforehisbirthinMalawi,hisfatherhadlosthisjobasabusconductor,makingthefamilyevenpoorer.Thenthebabynearlydied.“Thisboyistrouble，”hisfathersaid.“HisnameisTrouble.”AcrossAfricanamescanhaveastorybehindthem.Yewande,forinstance,isaYorubanamemeaning“motherhaspaidmeavisit”，givenwhenanolderfemalerelativediesjustbeforeagirlisborn.KiptanuimaysuggestatadifficultbirthformotherswhospeakoneoftheKalenjingroupoflanguagesinKenya.ButsouthernAfricastandsoutfornominativecreativity,atleastwhenitcomestoEnglishnames.AskZimbabweansabouttheirschoolfriendsandyouwillheardifferentregisters:Lovemore,Hopewell,Innocence,Patience,Knowledge,Fortune,Brilliant.AMalawian(himselfGolden)listsfriendsnamedGoodfriday,WisdomandIron.InZimbabwechildrenwerelonggivenAfricannameswithmeaning.ThispracticeswitchedafterBritishcolonization(殖民),whenhavinganEnglishnamewasseenasawayofgettingahead.Namesmayrefertoconditionsaroundthebirth,aqualityparentsseeinthechild,anaspiration(期望)forthemorevenforthecountry.UnderwhiterulesomechildrenwerecalledDemocracy,Freedomor,allegedly,PollingStation.Othernamessuggestedprogress.OneventurecapitalistrecallsschoolfriendsnamedComputer.Names,andthelanguagetheyarein,reflectchangingtimes,too.InZimbabwe,whoseeconomyisfallingdown,onecomesacrosspeoplenamedNoMoney.InmanyplacesAfricannamesaresupplanting(取代)Englishones.InrecentyearsinSouthAfrica,Enzokuhle(“todogood”inXhosa),hasbecomeoneofthemostpopularnames,perhapsinspiredbyapopularsong,“Enzo”.ItmaybethatnamessuchasSaladNthendawillbecomerelics.TheMalawian,whosemotheratelotsofvegetableswhenpregnant(懷孕的),sayshis“namefeltgoodfromdayone”.Helovesthe“uniqueness”.Althoughheisteasedattimes,hedoesnotcare.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹的是非洲人名字的特點(diǎn)及其取名字的各種講究，同時(shí)也介紹了非洲人的名字也有著各種各樣的寓意：非洲人的名字不僅反映了非洲發(fā)展的歷史，還照亮了人們對(duì)未來(lái)的渴望。8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinparagraph1?A.Bysharingastory. B.Bycomparingfacts.C.Byreportingfindings. D.Bypresentingfigures.解析

寫(xiě)作手法題。根據(jù)首段中的“ShortlybeforehisbirthinMalawi,hisfatherhadlosthisjobasabusconductor,makingthefamilyevenpoorer.Thenthebabynearlydied.‘Thisboyistrouble，’hisfathersaid.‘HisnameisTrouble.’”可知，該段作者分享了TroubleKalua這個(gè)人名字背后的故事，引出本文的話題。故選A項(xiàng)。√9.Whatwillababybenamedifhismotherhassomedifficultyingivingbirthtohim?A.Yewande. B.Kiptanui.C.Freedom. D.Enzokuhle.解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“KiptanuimaysuggestatadifficultbirthformotherswhospeakoneoftheKalenjingroupoflanguagesinKenya”可知，因分娩時(shí)難產(chǎn)，很可能給孩子取名時(shí)與此事件相關(guān)。因此如果一個(gè)孩子的母親在生他的時(shí)候有困難，會(huì)給孩子取Kiptanui這個(gè)名字。故選B項(xiàng)。√10.WhatdoesSaladNthendathinkofhisname?A.Interesting. B.Meaningless.C.Important. D.Special.解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Helovesthe‘uniqueness’.Althoughheisteasedattimes,hedoesnotcare.”可知，SaladNthenda認(rèn)為自己的名字很特別。故選D項(xiàng)。√11.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.StoriesBehindSomeNamesB.SomeStrangeNamesinSouthernAfricaC.NamesinSouthernAfricaAreBothCreativeandMeaningfulD.One’sNameIsCloselyConnectedwithItsCountry’sHistory解析

標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段中的“AcrossAfricanamescanhaveastorybehindthem.”以及第三段“ButsouthernAfricastandsoutfornominativecreativity,atleastwhenitcomestoEnglishnames.”并結(jié)合文章中列舉的實(shí)例，可知，南部非洲人的名字極富創(chuàng)造力又有意義。故選C項(xiàng)。√(2024·濰坊二模)TheMalaysiannightmarketisbasedonaconceptofopen－airshoppingwherestreetvendors(小販)takeoveradesignatedstreettosetupstalls(貨攤).Thenightmarketistheplacewhereyoucanhangaroundthestalls,enjoythesmelloflocalfoodsandmaybepickupsomeitems.Eachnightmarketcomprisesadifferentcombinationofstalls.1Thereisalwayssomethingnewandexcitingtolookforwardtoateachvisit.Thenightmarketsaretypicallyfrom5pmtill10：30pm.Youcangetanythingfromnightmarkets,beitgroceries,clothing,goodlocalfood,hotsnacks,householditems,freshproduce,andeventhelateststyles.Byaround6pm,themarketisinfullswingasthefirstgroupsofpeoplesweepin.Forthosewhocook,thereisstalluponstallsellingfreshseafood,meatproducts,andalimitlessvarietyofvegetables.2Ⅱ.七選五Itisnosecretthatall－nightmarketsshareacommontreasure—tastystreetcuisine.3Theever－popularsoybeandrinkandsugarcanejuiceareapermanentfeaturehere.4Therefore,itisnotaplaceforthefaint－h(huán)eartedorthegentle.Tomany,theyarefunandthrillingplacestoexplore.Youcanevenbeaddictedtodiscoveriesoftheantiquekindwhichcanbefoundinsomenightmarkets.Someplacesare24－h(huán)ourmarkets,whicharelivelieratnightwhentraderssetupnumerousstallssellingunusuallocalfood,exotictropical(熱帶的)fruits,cheapclothes,second－h(huán)andgoodsaswellasfre