必修1Unit4NaturalDisasters

Part1單元語法講義--關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句

Part2讀后續(xù)寫素材積累-六招高分開頭技巧

Part3單元語法+讀后續(xù)寫即時檢測

Part1單元語法講義--關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句

1.that

可指人或物；在定語從句中作主語，賓語，表語。指人時，相當(dāng)于who或whom；指物時，相當(dāng)于which。

不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；不可置于介詞后作賓語。

2.which

指物；在定語從句中作主語，賓語。如：

Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.（主語）

3.who,whom,whose

（1）who:主格,在從句中作主語，只可指人

（2）whom:賓格，在從句中只能作賓語;只可指人

（3）whose:表所屬關(guān)系，在從句中作定語。譯為：某人的，某物的

（4）whose+名詞=the+n.+ofwhich(某物的)=he+n.+ofwhom(某人的)

注意：

①關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語(在定語從句中，介詞提前時，介詞后：表人用whom；表物用which)

②關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中用作介詞賓語時,介詞可放于從句之首,也可放于從句之末.但以放于句首較為

正式.（介詞前置，必須注意不影響動詞詞組的含義。關(guān)系代詞who和that用作介詞賓語時,介詞必須放

在句末。）

Thereare30studentsinthisclass,whoarefromthenorthofChina.

這個班里有30名學(xué)生，他們來自中國北方。

Doyouknowtheboywhosehandwritingisverybeautiful?

你認(rèn)識那個書法非常漂亮的男孩嗎？

I'dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.

→I'dlikearoom,thewindowofwhichlooksoutoverthesea.

→I'dlikearoom,ofwhichthewindowlooksoutoverthesea.

我想要一個窗戶朝向大海的房間。

1.As

a：as作為關(guān)系代詞，常常用于固定句型中。

thesame...as,as,such....as,so....as

TheycouldonlyreadsuchstoriesashadbeenrewritteninsimpleEnglish.(as作主語)

他們只能讀類似這樣的一些用簡易英語改寫的故事。

Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpriceaspeopleexpected.(as作賓語)

這些房子以人們期望的低價出售。

ThisisthesameknifeasIlost.(as作賓語)

這把小刀和我丟的那把很相似。

b：such...as...與such...that...的區(qū)別

such...as...中的as引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，而such...that...中的that引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句。當(dāng)as引導(dǎo)

定語從句時，as在從句中一般作主語或賓語，而that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時，that在從句中不作任何成分。

Thisissuchadifficultproblemasmostofuscan'tworkout.

這是一個我們大多數(shù)人都不能解決的難題。

(從句中的workout缺少賓語，前面的as是關(guān)系代詞，用作workout的賓語。)

Sheissuchakindgirlthatmanystudentslikeher.

她是個善良的女孩所以很多學(xué)生喜歡她。

(狀語從句是完整的句子，前面的that只起引導(dǎo)從句的作用，在從句中不作成分。)

Part2讀后續(xù)寫素材積累--六招高分開頭技巧

第一招：副詞開頭

Carefully,hesteppedoverallthebrokenglass.他小心翼翼地踩過了所有的碎玻璃。

Joyfully，heskippedupthestreet.他很高興地跳過了街道。

Immediately,anabsolutedarknessruledtheforest.立刻，一片黑暗籠罩著森林。

第二招：形容詞短語開頭

Curioustoknowwhatwasinside,hetiptoedintothedarkcave.他好奇地想知道里面是什么，踮著腳尖走進了黑

暗的洞穴。

Unabletosayaword,hewasrootedtothespot.一句話也說不出來，他就楞在了原地。

Suddenlyalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse.突然，一只小兔子跳到了我的馬前。

AfraidthatImighthurtthelovelysmallcreature,Iautomaticallyletoutacrytostopmyhorse.我害怕我會傷害

這個可愛的小生物，我自動發(fā)出一聲喊叫來阻止我的馬。

文章給的提示句是：Wehadnoideawherewewereanditgotdark.我們不知道自己在哪里，天變黑了。

Exhaustedandhungry,Iwonderedifwecouldfindourwayback.我又累又餓，想知道我們能不能找到回去的路。

第三招：非謂語開頭

Lookingaroundhimcautiously,heslippedintotheroomandsoftlyclosedthedoor.他小心翼翼地環(huán)顧四周，溜進

了房間，輕輕地關(guān)上門。

Feelingdisappointed,Janehadtostayaloneforanothernight.簡感到失望，不得不再呆一夜。

Feelingrefreshed,shecontinuedtowalkalongthestreamtofindthewayout.她感到神清氣爽，繼續(xù)沿著小溪散

步，尋找出去的路。

第四招：對話或獨白開頭

：“Let’sseewhogetstherefirst!”Rachelshouted,asshepedaledfastandzoomedpastJenny.“讓我們看看誰先到

那里去！”瑞秋一邊叫著，一邊飛快地蹬著車從珍妮身邊沖過去。

"Getintothecar."PaulshoutedatMac.“上車！”保羅對麥克喊道。

第五招：背景描寫

Wedrovethroughseveralstatesandsawlotsofgreatsightsalongtheway（我們開車穿過了幾個州，沿途看到了

很多好風(fēng)景。）

Ilookedoutofthecarwindow,windingrivers,loftymountains,sunnybeachesanddeepvalleys,holdingme

entirelyintheirfascination.

我望著車窗外，蜿蜒的河流，高聳的山脈，陽光明媚的海灘和深邃的山谷，完全吸引了我的注意力。

第六招：行為描寫

Furrystartedwagginghistailandrunningaroundincircleswhenhesawhismastertakingaleashoutfromthe

drawer.Furrywasallreadyforhiseveningwalk.

當(dāng)他看到他的主人從抽屜里拿出一條皮帶時，F(xiàn)urry開始搖，繞著圈跑。Furry準(zhǔn)備好了晚上的散步。

Dadexchangedaglancewithme.WhynotcamptosatisfyMom?爸爸和我相互看了一眼。為什么不露營來滿

足媽媽？

Part3單元語法+讀后續(xù)寫即時檢測

一、定語從句

1（.2024浙江1月卷）Ofcourse,shopsarenotcharities—theypricegoodsintheway_________willmakethem

themostmoney.

2.（2023全國乙卷）Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplacewelcomesthefast-paced

developmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitecturalwondersstandingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildings

ofthepast.

3（.2021新高考II卷）IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany___________usedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemail

urgingittocutback.

_________4.（2021北京卷）Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything___________happenedduring

theday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.

5.（2021浙江1月卷）BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool___________givesanindicationof

whethersomeoneisahealthyweight.

6.（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies___________live

withintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.

7（.2020新高考卷）The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionofthe

BritishMuseum__________openedin1759.

8（.2019全國II卷）NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___________

sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.

9.（2023全國甲卷）Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,_________RachelCarsonsaysin“AFablefor

Tomorrow”.

10（.2022浙江1月卷）KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbut

growingminorityofacademics___________arecuttingbackontheirairtravel11（.2022全國甲卷）Onthe1,100.

Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,___________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,

crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.

12（.2023全國乙卷）Thecolorshechosecameinaboxwhichhadapictureofawoman________haircolorlooked

justperfect.

13.（2020全國III卷）InancientChinalivedanartist,__________paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’s

reputationhadmadehimproud.

14.（2020天津卷）Dr.Rowan,__________secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.

15.（2023全國甲卷）“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,_________alllifeseemedtoenjoypeaceful

existencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,borrowingsomefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.

16．(2022天津3月卷)Kennystillrememberstheclassdiscussion________theteacheraskedstudentstoshare

whattheywantedtobewhentheygrewup.

A．whyB．whichC．thatD．where

17.（2021天津卷）AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstands_________artistsdemonstratetheirskills

andteachthevisitors.

18.（2020全國I卷）Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadto

putasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot__________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.

19.（2020江蘇卷）Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat

___________everyone.

20（.2021天津卷）WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakesfrom__________wecan

learnwithoutrepeatingthem.

_________21.（2020江蘇卷）Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from___________studentscanchoosefor

free.

二、讀后續(xù)寫

（2024·山西·模擬預(yù)測）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Asaneducator,Ihavediscoveredthatthelifelessonsthatstudentsbringwiththemtoschoolaretheones

thatItrulyneedtolearn.

Onestorythatdescribesthisawesomeresponsibilitystartswithasecondyearcollegestudent.Everyday,he

wouldcomeintomymathclass,sitintheverybackandavoideyecontact.WhenIwouldasktheclassquestions,I

couldhearadeepvoicecomingfromhisdirectionsayingthecorrectanswereverysingletime.Iimmediatelybegan

toinvestigateandfoundthathehadhighstandardizedtestscoresbuthisreportcardinschooldidnotmatchhis

performances.Iknewsomethinghadtochange.

Throughourschoolmentoring(輔導(dǎo)制)program,Iaskedhimifhewouldliketobeapartofasupportteam

thatwasspecificallydesignedtohelphimgraduateontimewithhisclassmates.Thisprogramrequiredmetovisit

allofhisclassroomteachers,helphimcompleteeveryassignment,providehimwithmaterialstofinishprojects,

andconstantlyremindhimthatsuccesscouldbeachievedifhestayedonthispath.Inhissenior,hewasableto

maketheHonorRoll(光榮榜).

Thisstudenthadbeenlivingwithhisgreat-grandfatherinsteadoflivingwithhismotherandsixsiblings(姊

妹).Theconceptoffamilyhadnotbeendemonstratedinhislife.However,atschool,thisprogramprovidedhim

withateamthatfocusedonhisacademicneedsaswellascelebratedhissuccesses.Theideaoffamily,wherehe

wascaredforandwasseenasimportant,wasabletobecomeareality.

Unfortunately,duringhissenioryear,hisgreat-grandfatherpassedaway,whichterriblyinfluencedhisnewly

positiveviewoflife.Butbecauseofthebondthatwasestablishedoverthepasttwoyearsthroughtheprogram,I

wasabletokeephimfocusedonwhathecouldcontroltoachievehisgoal.Heshoweddeterminationand

perseverance,andhebecameaseniorwithhisoriginalclassandhadtheopportunitytograduatewithhisfriends.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Sadly,whengraduationday